Vala

NON-INVERTING AMPLIFIER
1.17. OP-AMP AS

The circuit diagram of non-inverting amplifier

er usine
using
The input voltage Vi is
op.amp is shown in the fig.1.11.
directly applied to the non-inverting terminal. According to
the characteristics of an op.amp, the applied input voltage V
is also developed at the inverting input terminal (Vs).

R i R

+V

Vs
OP-AMP Vo
V
-V
Fig.1.11 Non-inverting amplifier
According to the kirchoff's current
node law at the
inverting

VsVo-Vs
Ri R

Vi Vo-Vi
Ri Rr
:Vi=Vs)
Vo
Rr
R
 1.19

Vo 1 R+R
R
= Vi +
R RR V
A
Vo
-1 1 Ri
Vi

Vo 1 + Rr
Voltage gain, Av =

Vi Ri

The output voltage is always in

with the input.
phase
The gain of this amplifier also depends upon the external
connected components of Rr and Ri.
2.8. INTEGRATOR

w .
Vs OP-AMP

Fig.2.9 Integrator
An integrator circuit integrates the input signal with
respect to time (frequency). The circuit diagram of integrator
 2.10

in the fig.2.9. The feedback element is capacitor

shown
is element is resistor.
and the input

The charge on a capacitor C, when a supply voltage

is, Q = CV.
of V applied
In general, the current through the capacitor,
dQ dCV Cav
Since C is constant.
dd t dt dt
current law in the circuit.
By using Kirchoff's

resistor R Vi-Vs
i, ="
The current flows through the =

R
The current flows through the capacitor C = i,
dt
i,CdVs-Vo)
dt

Vs is virtual ground, hence Vs = 0

Vi
Hence i, *
R
C dVo
and, i, =
dt
C dVo
$O, dt
R

dVo Vi
dt RC
to time
integrating on both sides with respect

Vi dt+Vk(0)
 1.18

= Ri (-Vi)
Ri
Vo Rf
Voltage gain, Av =

Vi Ri

The is amplified in accordance with the

input voltage
values (ratio) of Rr and Ri, and also inverted.