Accident prevention:-

Prof/Dr/Faten shafek
Prof/Dr/Madiha Hassan

Dr/Reda Abdelmohsen
Dr/Abrar Hamed
2021-2022
Prepared by Group 1
 ‫‪ -1‬ابتسام يسين صالح يسين‬
‫‪ -2‬ابرار محمود جودة مختار‬
‫‪ -3‬ابراهيم جمال عبد الفتاح محمد‬
‫‪ -4‬ابراهيم عصام ابو سيف حميدة‬
‫‪ -5‬ابراهيم محمود ابراهيم محمد‬
‫‪ -6‬احمد ابو زيد محمد ريحان‬
‫‪ -7‬احمد اشرف السيد محمد‬
‫‪ -8‬احمد حسني عوض عبد الرحمن‬
‫‪ -9‬احمد حمدي خالف عبد القادر‬
‫‪ -11‬احمد حمدي السيد عفيفي‬
‫‪ -11‬احمد حمدي سليم احمد‬
‫‪ -12‬احمد حمدي عبد الفتاح ابراهيم‬
‫‪ -13‬احمد خالد حلمي نصار‬
‫‪ -14‬احمد خالد عيد عبد الغني‬
‫‪ -15‬احمد رضا احمد السيد السرنجاوي‬
‫‪ -16‬احمد رضا عبد الباقي الجمل‬
‫‪ -17‬احمد رفعت السيد محمد عبد الغني‬
‫‪ -18‬احمد رمضان محمود شحاته‬
‫‪ -19‬احمد سالم عبد المعطي سيد احمد‬
‫‪ -21‬احمد سالمة عز الدين محمد‬
‫‪ -21‬احمد سيد أحمد عيسي احمد‬
‫‪ -22‬اسامة عبد الغني عطيوي‬
❖Outline:-
 Introduction of accident prevention
 Define accident prevention
 causes of accident in children
 Effects of accident
 How to prevent children to make accident
 First aids of accident
 Nursing management of accident prevention

Child injuries are a growing global public health problem. They are a
significant area of concern from the age of one year, and progressively
contribute more to overall rates of death until children reach
adulthood. Hundreds of thousands of children die each year from
injuries or violence, and millions of others suffer the consequences of
non-fatal injuries. For each area of child injury there are proven ways to
reduce both the likelihood and severity of injury – yet awareness of the
problem and its preventability, as well as political commitment to act to
prevent child injury, remain unacceptably low.
 An accident is an unintentionally-caused event. Inmost cases, the
term is used specifically in reference to unintentionally caused
negative events.

Accident prevention refers to the plans, preparations, and

actions taken to avoid accidents or stop them from taking place.
Accident prevention includes all measures taken in an effort to
save lives, escape from injury, lessen the
degrees of injury, avoid damage to property,
reduce treatment and compensation costs, and
prevent the loss of productive time and morale

•
 Choking & suffocation
 Falls
 poisoning
 Burns
 Fracture
 Animal bites
 Drowning
 Car accident
 1-physical damage:
even a minor accident can cause cut, fracture, scar,
sprain, dislocation,

2-Physiological damage:
the child thinks that people will feel that he is naughty and careless
if has too many bandages on body. He thinks himself a “wounded hero”.

 A fall is an unexpected event resulting in the Person

coming to rest on the floor or other lower level.
 Cause:
Unstable gait of the toddler, presence of objects on floor, lack of
supervision, curiosity of the children,

Prevention:
 Keep floors free of toys and obstructions.
 Exercise close supervision when toddler learns to walk.
 Never leave babies unattended on raised surfaces.
 Check constantly floor surface for wear and tear.
 Keep floor dry
 Always ensure bed-rail of the baby cot is raised when the baby
is in the cot.
 Always use a securely fitted safety harness in a pram, pushchair
or highchair.
 Windows and doors must be locked to avoid misadventure by
children.
 Avoid placing “step-stones” such as a chair next to a window.
 Take extra care to avoid side-turning of a baby chair

 Don’t panic. Call for help if necessary.

 Check the level of consciousness of the infant/child.
 Examine the child if airway is clear (e.g. can talk, cry or not);
if breathing is adequate and circulation is normal (observe
colour of the face, depth and rate of breathing).
  If breathing and circulation are normal, check for any other
injuries on the body.
 If bleeding occurs, ensure there is no foreign body in the
wound. Apply direct pressure to stop bleeding by covering a
clean gauze on it and add pressure on the gauze by your hand.
Elevate the injured limb.
 If deformity is seen on the injured part, do not move it and call
for help immediately

 Choking is the inability to breathe because the trachea is

blocked, constricted, or swollen shut.

Cause:
Accidental swallowing of foreign body, strangulation, covering of
head by blankets, accidental suffocation by pillow while baby sleeps in a
prone position, near-drowning etc.

Prevention:
 Choose toys appropriate to the age of children. Avoid toys
with detachable small parts.
 Ensure small objects are kept out of reach of children.
 Pull cords on curtains and blinds should be kept short and out
of reach of children.
  Strings and plastic bags should be kept out of reach of
children.
 Foldable furniture should be properly placed and locked.
Instruct children not to play with them.
 Instruct children not to play while eating.
 Never let children use milk bottle by themselves without
adult’s supervision.
 Never use pillow for baby under one year of age. Do not use
large and heavy blanket. Never let the blanket cover the face
of children during sleep.
 Avoid sleeping with baby on the same bed.
 Never leave children alone in a bath tub or basin filled with
water.
 Bucket filled with water must be covered and keep children
away from it

 Do not panic. Remove the cause from the patient.

 Call for help immediately.
 Perform CPR if necessary.

It is tissue damage caused by burning the

skin or prolonged exposure to sunlight or any other radiation,
in addition to contact with burning surfaces, or chemicals.
Cause:
Scald by hot water, burn by fire, touch on hot objects such as cooking
utensils, etc.

.
Prevention:
 For adults, never hold a hot drink/food and a child at the same
time.
 Ensure milk, congee or other foodstuff is at a reasonable
temperature before feeding.
 Ensure proper fence or door is installed at the entrance of kitchen.
Such must be closed at all times. Instruct children not to go into
kitchen.
 While cooking, pay extra attention to the stove fire and the cooking
utensil. Turn the pan handle away from the front, and close to the
wall.
 When running a bath for a child, always test water temperature
beforehand.
 All hot objects including an iron or containers with hot matter must
not be placed near the margin of a table. Avoid using tablecloth.
Matches and lighters should be placed out of reach of children.
 Instruct children not to wander around when adults are preparing
for a meal.
 Install proper cover to sockets.
 Warn children never play with fire.
  Do not panic. If necessary, call for help.
 Examine the child if airway is clear (e.g. can talk, cry or not); if
breathing is adequate and circulation is normal (observe colour of
the face, depth and rate of breathing).
 If breathing and circulation are normal, check for the burn or scald
injures on the body.
 Rinse the injury site with tap water for about 10 minutes. If the
child feels chilled, stop rinsing.
 Cover the injury site with a sterile gauze. Dress with bandages.
 Never apply toothpaste, soysauce or other ointments on the injured
sites.
 Do not puncture any blister.
 Do not tear off any burned clothing that sticks on the injured site.

 Poisoning is injury or death caused by swallowing, inhaling,

touching, or injecting various drugs, chemicals, toxins, or
gases.

Cause:
Food poisoning, accidental swallowing of drugs, detergents,
insecticides, etc.
Prevention:
 Keep medicines and chemicals out of sight and reach of children,
preferably in an isolated, locked cabinet.
 Always store chemicals in their original containers with
appropriate labels.
 Never tell children drugs are “sweets” as this may give a wrong
idea to children.
 Ensure toys and dining utensils bought meet the international
standard, e.g. coloring materials being non-toxic.

 Do not panic. Call for help immediately.

 Examine the child if the airway is clear (e.g. can talk, cry or
not); if breathing is adequate and circulation is normal
(observe colour of the face, depth and rate of breathing).
 Start CPR if necessary. Be cautious not to contact any
chemicals.
 If the child is unconscious but the airway is clear, breathing
& circulation are normal, place in a lateral position.
 Bring along with any vomitus and remains of drugs taken
when seeking medical treatment.
 Dog Bite means any bruising of the skin or break in the skin
caused by any contact with the tooth or mouth of a dog.

Cause:
 Any breed of dog might bite. Just because a dog is small or
seems friendly doesn’t mean it can’t hurt someone. Even the
nicest, best-trained family dog may snap if it’s startled,
scared, threatened, angry, or hungry. No matter how well you
think you know the dog

Prevention
 Always ask the owner if it’s OK to pet the dog.
 Let the dog see and sniff you before petting it.
 Do not run toward or away from a dog
 Never tease dogs or pull their tails or ears.
 Never bother dogs while they’re eating, sleeping, or taking
care of their puppies.
 Never take a toy or bone away from a dog or play tug of war
with a dog.
  1 -Control any bleeding
 2- Just like any skin wound in children, you want to minimize
bleeding as much as possible.
 3-Using a clean washcloth or towel, apply gentle pressure to
the wound until it stops.
 4- If there’s a lot of blood, elevate the injured area.
 Clean the site of the bite or scratch.
 5-Wash it carefully with soap and water, then hold it under
 running water for a few minutes to rinse away bacteria.

 Conform child to surroundings. Put call light within reach and

teach how to call for assistance; respond to call light
 Avoid use of restraints. Obtain a physician’s order if needed
 Provide medical identification bracelet for child’s at risk for injury
from seizures, or other medical disorders
 Eliminate or drop all possible hazards in the room such as razors,
medications, and matches
 Avoid extreme hot and cold around child’s at risk for injury (e.g.,
heating pads, hot water for baths/showers)
 Aid child’s sit in a stable chair with armrests. Limit use of
wheelchairs except for transportation as needed
 Coordinate with physical therapist for strengthening exercises and
gait training to increase mobility
 Educate child about safety ambulation at home, including the use
of safety measures such as handrails in bath
  https://www.hkfsd.gov.hk/eng/source/safety/Children_home_
accident.html
 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK310639/
 https://www.safeopedia.com/definition/206/accident-
prevention
 https://www.safeopedia.com/definition/204/accident
 https://pmgt.org.nz/child-safety/#Child-safety-
tips?utm_term=baby%20safety&utm_campaign=Crime+Prev
ention+Topics&utm_source=adwords&utm_medium=ppc&h
sa_acc=3901438876&hsa_cam=7792641513&hsa_grp=8996
6328628&hsa_ad=397010229835&hsa_src=g&hsa_tgt=kwd-
10714471&hsa_kw=baby%20safety&hsa_mt=b&hsa_net=ad
words&hsa_ver=3