Chapter 3

Research Methodology

Introduction
This chapter includes the methods that have been used in the collection and analysis of data

to response the primary and secondary research question of this research. It explains the design

used in this research, sampling technique, data collection methods used, the research instrument

and the process being done to analyzed the data. Qualitative research methods has been used to

execute this research because qualitative methods focus on the experience of people involved

non numerical data (Bhandari, 2020).

The methodology chapter explains what you did and how you did it, allowing readers to

evaluate the reliability and validity of the research ( McCombes, 2019)

Literature Search
An extensive literature review and analysis on school of Sablayan campus, as well as detailed

summary of the background concerned with R.A. 11313 or the Safe Spaces Act has been

presented in Chapter 2. The sources of this information include the official web pages of the

related laws under analysis, published literature and journals online.

Research Design
According to the revised of Bhandari (2022) in McCombes (2019), research design is a

plan that guides the investigator in the process of collecting analyzing and interpreting

observations. The research design includes sampling techniques as well as the data collection

methods that are used in this research.

Research Locale

This research was administered particularly in Occidental Mindoro State College Sablayan

Campus

Figure 2. Location Map

Research Method
A qualitative and descriptive approach was utilized to study the awareness of students of

Occidental Mindoro State College Sablayan on Republic Act 11313: Safe Spaces Act.

Qualitative
 This is a qualitative study since it focused on the description of the awareness of students of

Occidental Mindoro State College Sablayan on Republic Act 11313 : Safe Spaces Act.

Description
This research was descriptive because a descriptive research design can use a wide variety

of research methods to study one or more variables ( McCombes, 2019)

Population
A population is the entire group that you want to draw conclusions about (Bhandari, 2020).In

this study the population was 1,756 students of Occidental Mindoro State College Sablayan

Campus of all socio-economic status, course, gender and residential areas, who enrolled during

school year 2021-2022.

The Sampling Procedure

It is a careful deciding on how you will select a sample that will represent the group as a

whole ( McCombes, 2019 ). The number of students of OMSC Sablayan was selected.

Non Probability Sampling

In a non-probability sample, individuals are selected based on non-random criteria, and not

every individual has a chance of being included. This type of sample is easier and cheaper to

access, but it has a higher risk of sampling bias. That means the inferences you can make about

the population are weaker than with probability samples, and your conclusions may be more
limited. If you use a non-probability sample, you should still aim to make it as representative of

the population as possible (McCombes,2022).

Sample
A sample is the specific number of respondents or participants that you will collect data from.

The size of the sample is always less than the total size of the population ( Bhandari, 2020). In

this research,50 students of OMSC Sablayan was selected out of the entire population.

Convenience Sampling
A convenience sample simply includes the individuals who happen to be most accessible to

the researcher.( McCombes, 2022). A convenience sample includes 50 students from Occidental

Mindoro State College Sablayan of School Year 2021- 2022 who are residing in the nearby

places.

Sample Size
According to Institute for Work and Health Toronto, sample size refers to the number of

participants or observations included in a study. This number is usually represented by n. The

size of a sample influences two statistical properties: 1) the precision of our estimates and 2) the

power of the study to draw conclusions.

Sampling Rationale
The rationale of your research is the reason for conducting the study. The rationale should

answer the need for conducting the said research. It is a very important part of your publication

as it justifies the significance and novelty of the study. That is why it is also referred to as the

justification of the study. Ideally, your research should be structured as observation, rationale,

hypothesis, objectives, methods, results and conclusions (Editage Insights, 2018).

Data Collection Process
According to Simplilearn (2019) data collection is the process of gathering, measuring, and

analyzing accurate data from a variety of relevant sources to find answers to research problems,

answer questions, evaluate outcomes, and forecast trends and probabilities. In this research, the

researchers used research questionnaires as their research instrument. They personally distributed

the questionnaires to the selected participants of this research and actually administered it

accordingly.

Data Collection Instrument

Research instrument is an instrument that is used to collect needed data from the selected

participants of a research. This research used research questionnaires research instrument to

collect data and information from the selected students of OMSC Sablayan

Validity
To validate the research instrument, it was validated through having Content Validation. The

research instrument that is used in this research was validated by the experts and professionals

who are eligible to validate the said instrument. The researchers made 10 items questions having

8 items of multiple choices and 2 items of open- ended questions to assess the awareness of the

students on Republic Act 11313

Reliability
To ensure the reliability of the result of this research, researchers administer the same

questionnaire with the same respondents at different times.

Data Analysis
Data analysis is the most critical part of any research. Data analysis summarizes

collected data. It covers the interpretation of data collected through the use of analytical and
logical reasoning to determine patterns, relationships or trends(Johnson, 2022). The researchers

used descriptive analysis in this research. Descriptive analysis analyses complete data or a

sample of summarized numerical data. It shows mean and deviation for continuous data whereas

percentage and frequency for categorical data (Johnson,2022).