The Islamia University of Bahawalpur

University College of Agriculture & Environmental Sciences

Department of Agronomy
Course Outline (Core/Major Course/Minor Course/Special Course)
Program Agronomy Course Instructor(s) Dr. Hamid Nawaz
Year/Semester 3 year/6 Semester
st th
E-mail hamidnawaz@bzu.edu.pk

Name of the Course Chemistry and fundamental biotechnology

Course No. Chem-502
Credit Hours 3(2-1)
Prerequisites To impart awareness regarding principles of Chemistry and fundamental
biotechnology
Learning outcomes Upon successful completion of the course, the student will be able to:
1. Understand the fundamental chemistry and fundamental biotechnology
2. Understand the concept of biotechnology tools
Follow Up Studies leading to part of Agriculture as minor course of Agronomy degree
programmed
Category A General/Supporting course: prerequisite course for other minor courses of
Agronomy programmed
Aims Introductory course covers all the aspects related to Chemistry and fundamental
biotechnology
Objectives To introduce the students with basic concepts about Chemistry and fundamental
biotechnology
Syllabus Theory
Carbohydrates: Definition and classification, Monosaccharides; pyranose and
furanose ring structures; Sterioisomerism and optical isomerism. Gylcosidic
nond, glucosides, Disaccharides; structure, occurrence and properties.
Polysaccharides, structure, occurrence and chemical properties of starch,
glycogen and cellulose. Carbohydrate metabolism, respiration, glycolysis,
kreb’s cycle and fermentation. Electron transport chain. Photosynthesis, energy
conversation, carbon flaxation, C3, C4 and Cam plant photorespiration.
Proteins: Definition and classification, classification and structure of amino
acids, essential and non-essential amino acids. Peptide bond, polypeptide chain
and primary secondary, tertiary and quaternary structure of proteins.
Biochemical functions of proteins. Enzymes and co-enzymes
Lipids: Definition and classification, classification and structure of fatty acids,
essential and non-essential fatty acids. Ester formation, simple and mixed
triglycerides. Fats and oils; hydrogenation, oxidation and rancidity, Beta
oxidation of fatty acids.
Nucleic acids: Structural and functional differences of DNA and RNA.
Structures of DNA and RNA. Central Dogma and its significance.
Fundamentals of DNA, replication, transcription and translation.
Practical
Proximate analysis of food/plant materials of moisture, crude protein, crude
fibre, ash, ether extract and nitrogen free extract. Determination of true protein
and oil contents of plant materials. Estimation of vitamin-C and pectin in fruit
juices. Estimation of glucose, fructose and starch in plant products.
Text Book 1. Ahmad, M. 1999. Essential of medical biochemistry. Vol. I. (6 th Ed.)
IImi Bool House, Urdu Bazar, Lahore, Pakistan.
2. Chesworth, J.M., T. Stachburry and J.R. Scaiize. 1999. An introduction
to agricultural biochemistry. Chapman and Hall, New York, USA.
3. Daniels, F and A. Alberty. 1983. Experimental physical chemistry. (5 th
 The Islamia University of Bahawalpur
University College of Agriculture & Environmental Sciences
Department of Agronomy
Ed.) McGraw Hill Bool Co. Inc, New York, USA.
4. Goodwin, T.W. and P. Mercer. 1998. Plant biochemistry. Pergamen
press, Oxford, UK.
5. Hawk, P.B., B.L. Osor and W.H. Summerson. 1968. Practical
physiological chemistry, McGraw Hill Co. Inc, New York, USA.
6. Helrich, K. 1990. Official methods of analysis. Vol. I. (15 th Ed.)
Association of official analytical chemists Inc. USA
7. Nelson, D.L. and M.M. Cox. 2004. Lehninger principle of
biochemistry. (4th Ed.). W.H. Freeman and Company, New York, USA.
Instructional Aids White board, Chalkboard, Overhead projector, Computer and LED
Lecturing, Home Assignments, Field visits/work

Teaching Strategies Lectures, Question answering session

Assessment Marks% Mid Final Total
Criteria Sessional Theory Sessional Theory Practical 60
Theory 4 12 (T.4+P.4)=8 20 16 60
Practical Sessional 20%+Mid30%+Final 50%

Result Grading system (A = 80%, B = 65%, C = 50%, D = 40%, F = < 40% marks)
Recommendations Students should not only depend on the classroom teaching, but also utilize
the available information resources like internet, library search, field
observations, etc.

Chem-502 Chemistry and fundamental Biochemistry 3(2-1)

COURSE OUTLINE
Schedule Lecture Topic
Week 1 Theory Carbohydrates: Definition and classification
Practical Proximate analysis of food/plant materials of moisture
Week 2 Theory Monosaccharides; pyranose and furanose ring structures
Practical Estimation of crude protein,
Week 3 Theory Sterioisomerism and optical isomerism
Practical Estimation of crude fibre,
Week 4 Theory Gylcosidic nond, glucosides, Disaccharides; structure, occurrence and
properties
Practical Estimation of ash
Week 5 Theory Polysaccharides, structure, occurrence and chemical properties of starch,
glycogen and cellulose.
Practical Estimation of ether extract
Week 6 Theory Carbohydrate metabolism, respiration, glycolysis, kreb’s cycle and
fermentation. Electron transport chain.
Practical Estimation of nitrogen free extract.
 The Islamia University of Bahawalpur
University College of Agriculture & Environmental Sciences
Department of Agronomy
Week 7 Theory Photosynthesis, energy conversation, carbon flaxation,
Practical Determination of true protein and oil contents of plant materials.
Week 8 Theory C3, C4 and Cam plant photorespiration.
Practical Estimation of vitamin-C and pectin in fruit juices.
Week 9 Mid Term Exam
Week 10 Theory Proteins: Definition and classification, classification and structure of amino
acids, essential and non-essential amino acids.
Practical Estimation of pectin in fruit juices.
Week 11 Theory Peptide bond, polypeptide chain and primary secondary, tertiary and
quaternary structure of proteins.
Practical Estimation of fructose and
Week 12 Theory Biochemical functions of proteins. Enzymes and co-enzymes
Practical Estimation of starch in plant products.
Week 13 Theory Lipids: Definition and classification, classification and structure of fatty acids,
essential and non-essential fatty acids.
Practical Estimation of glucose
Week 14 Theory Ester formation, simple and mixed triglycerides. Fats and oils; hydrogenation,
oxidation and rancidity, Beta oxidation of fatty acids.
Practical Estimation of enzymatic antioxidants
Week 15 Theory Nucleic acids: Structural and functional differences of DNA and RNA.
Structures of DNA and RNA.
Practical Estimation of non-enzymatic antioxidants
Week 16 Theory Central Dogma and its significance. Fundamentals of DNA, replication,
transcription and translation
Practical Checking Practical note book
Week 17 Final Exam
Week 18 Results Submission
ASSIGNMENTS
Mid Term
• Written (Long Questions, Short Questions, MCQs)
• Assignments/Quiz
Final Term
• Written (Long Questions, Short Questions, MCQs)
• Assignments/Quiz
• Practical work/Lab.

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