Objectives

Task 1: Maps

Task 2: “Agree or Disagree” essays

(A new structure: Acknowledgement and refutation of the counterclaim)

Task 1: Maps
I. Language that is used to describe maps

a. Language that describes locations

Direction Language

right to the right of something: on the right of something: nằm trong khu
nằm ngoài khu vực đích vực đichs

left to the left of something on the left of something

east to the east of something in the east of to/ in the north-east

something of something

west to the west of something in the west of to/ in the north-west

something of something

south to the south of something in the south of to/ in the south-east

something of something

north to the north of something in the north of to/ in the south-west

something of something

centre in the centre of something

others opposite to; next to; behind; in the corner;

in the top right-hand corner; in the top left-hand corner;

in the bottom right-hand corner; in the bottom left-hand corner

examples - Hanoi is in the north of Vietnam.

- China is to the north of Vietnam.
- The library is in the north-east of the university.
- The computers are to the north-east of the library.
- The restaurant is to the left of the bank.
- The bookcase is on the left of the restaurant.
b. Language that describes the destruction/ renovation of structures

Verb Noun

destroy destruction of something

demolish demolition of something

knock down removal of something

tear down

flatten

remove

c. Language that describes the construction of structures

Verb Noun

build building of something

construct construction of something

erect renovation of something

renovate reconstruction of something

reconstruct modernization of something

modernize extension of something

extend expansion of something

expand

open/ set up
d. Language that describes replacement

Verb – Active voice Verb – Passive voice

replace something be replaced by

replace something with something be replaced with

supplant something be supplanted by

supersede something be superseded by

take the place of something

make way for something

relocate something (from … to …)

move something (from … to …)

shift something (from … to …)

e. Practice – Translate the Vietnamese sentences below into English

1 Khu vườn ở góc phía trên bên trái của khu vực đã bị san phẳng để nhường chỗ cho
một phòng ngủ

 A garden in the top-left hand corner of the area was made way for a bedroom.
(flattened)

2 Bãi đỗ xe ở phía Đông Nam của toà nhà đã được mở rộng để đáp ứng được nhiều xe
hơn.

 A parking which is to the south-east of the building was expanded to accommodate

more vehicles.

3 Thư viện ở phía Tây Bắc của trường đại học đã được thay thế bằng một phòng máy
tính mới và được chuyển tới phía Nam, cạnh ký túc xá.

 The library in the north-west of the university was replaced by/with a new
computer lab and moved to the south, next to the dormitory. (was destroyed to make
way for)

4 Một quán cà phê mới đã được xây dựng trên nền đất ban đầu của cửa hàng hải sản,
cái mà được chuyển đến phía Bắc của thị trấn, đối diện bảo tàng.

 A new coffee shop was built in the original site of the old seafood store, which was
moved to the north of the town, opposite to the museum.

5 Rừng cây đã bị san phẳng để nhường chỗ cho một loạt những cơ sở vật chất mới, đó
là một trung tâm thể dục, một bệnh viện và một trung tâm mua sắm.

 The forests were demolished to make for a range of new facilities, which were a
fitness centre, a hospital and a supermarket.
II. Essay structure

The maps below show a beachfront area in Australia in 1950 and today.

Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make
comparisons where relevant.

a. Introduction

The maps give information about the way in which A underwent/ has
undergone/ is planned to undergo
The pictures detail
transformations/ changes
The images explain
the transformations/ changes that
The diagrams illustrate took place/ have taken place/ are
planned to take place
The illustrations demonstrate
the transformations/ changes that
… …
were/ have been/ are planned to be
made to A

 The maps give information about the way in which a beachfront area in Australia
has undergone transformations since 1950.
b. Overview

Overall, it is clear that there were several changes in with the most significant/
the layout of the building, noticeable (changes) being
D and E
there have been several
changes in the layout of the
town

the layout of the city is

planned/ expected/ proposed to
have several changes

 Overall, it is clear that there were several changes in the layout of the area with the
most significant being the development of new restaurant and surf club and the
extension of the main road.
c. Body

12h – north

3h – east

6h – south

9h – west

Two report structures

Body 1: Map 1 Body 1: Main changes (Body 1 + 2)

Body 2: Map 2 (changes) Body 2: Other main changes (Body 1 +

2)

 cách 1
B1: car park – located at the end of the road
Along the road, from west to the east, play ground - dinning tables – pavillon
In 1950, there was a main road running from the city center to this area and a car park
was located at the end of the road.
Along/Down the road from west to east, there was a playground, some dinning tables
and a pavilion. In the west of the beach lay a 25m swimming pool while at the other
side, there was a similar pool and a lighthouse.
B2:
Remain unchanged
Since then, the main road has been extended southward, leading to the lighthouse.
Besides, the playground has been destroyed to make room for a new car park. In
addition, the construction of a restaurant and a surf club has been completed next to
the 25m swimming pool in the west of the beach, which has been expanded to become
a 50m one. Meanwhile, another surf club has been also built next to the other
swimming pool, which has remained unchanged over the period shown, along with the
dining tables, the pavilion and the lighthouse.
Forward: về phía trước
Eastward: về phía đông
 A new structure: Acknowledgement and refutation of the counterclaim

Task 2: “Agree or Disagree” essays

I. Structure

1. Body paragraph structure

Read the body paragraph above and determine the function of each sentence.

Some people argue that governments should not allocate more national budgets to
local film industries. They claim that such financial support is a waste of money as it
can hardly make profits. At first glance, this argument seems reasonable; however,
what it fails to take into consideration is that it is just rational in case an industry
cannot create successful films. Every country has talented film-makers and all that
they need is an opportunity to prove themselves. If governments cover the costs
related to producing high-quality films, those film-makers also have the ability to
create masterpieces as their counterparts in Hollywood do. Such masterpieces can
lead to an increase in film sales, employment in the film industry, and even tourist
numbers that generate profits for a country.
 Acknowledgement of the counterclaim

Structure 1. Stating the counterclaim

2. Giving reasons for the counterclaim

Refutation of the counterclaim

3. At first glance, this argument seems reasonable; however, what this

argument overlooks is that .../ what this argument fails to take into
consideration is that .../ I consider this argument short-sighted/ illogical/
impractical …

4.  Giving reasons for the refutation.

2. Essay paragraph structure

Introduction: Totally favouring one side

Body 1:

- Idea 1 that supports the side you are for

- Idea 2 that supports the side you are for

Body 2:

- Idea that supports the side you are against

- A counterargument to the idea above

Conclusion: Totally favouring one side

II. Practice

Students must stay at school until 18. To what extent do you agree or disagree?

1. Introduction & Conclusion

Students

Must

Stay at school until 18

Introduction:

Would-be (adj) = want = have a passion in

Sleepless: mất ngủ

Sleep-deprived: thiếu ngủ

Conclusion:
2. Body

On the one hand, I am of the opinion that high school education should not be made
compulsory.

However, some proponents of this idea insist that it should be implemented.

+
 ADDITIONAL READING

ADVANTAGES

Verbs to benefit somebody: có lợi cho ai, làm lợi cho ai

to benefit from something: hưởng lợi từ cái gì
 Online shopping benefits consumers.
 Consumers benefit from online shopping.

Adjectives beneficial/ advantageous to somebody/ something: có lợi

positive: mang tính xây dựng, hữu ích
 Online shopping is beneficial/ advantageous to consumers.
 The trend in which more people go shopping online is positive.

Nouns benefit: lợi ích

advantage: lợi thế, lợi ích
merit: giá trị
 The benefits/ advantages/ merits of online shopping are
undeniable/ obvious.
 Online shopping brings with it some benefits/ advantages/
merits
 The benefit/ advantage/ merit of online shopping is that …

Verb to have a [favourable/ beneficial/ positive] + [effect/ impact/

phrases influence] on somebody/ something
to bring with it many benefits/ advantages/ merits
 Online shopping has a [favourable/ beneficial/ positive] [effect/
impact/ influence] on consumers.
 Online shopping brings with it some benefits/ advantages/
merits.
 DISADVANTAGES

Verbs to harm somebody/ something: gây hại

 Online shopping harms consumers.

Adjectives detrimental/ harmful/ disadvantageous to somebody/ something: có hại

negative: tiêu cực

 Online shopping is detrimental to consumers.

 The trend in which more people go shopping online is negative.

Nouns Drawback/ detriment/ disadvantage/ demerit/ downside/ shortcoming

 The drawbacks of online shopping are undeniable/ obvious.

 Online shopping brings with it some demerits.

 The main downside of online shopping is that …

Verb to have a [deleterious/ detrimental/ negative/ damaging/ destructive/

phrases harmful] + [effect/ impact/ influence] on somebody/ something

to bring with it many drawbacks/ detriments/ disadvantages/ demerits/

shortcomings/ downsides

 Online shopping has a deleterious influence on consumers.

 Online shopping brings with it many shortcomings.