Passive : object-be-v3.

---BY
Present simple : am-is-are -V3
Ex : The car is washed twice a week.
Present continuous : am-is-are-being V3
Ex : The car is being washed now.
Simple Past : was were-V3
Ex : The car was washed yesterday.
Past Continuous : was were-being-V3
Ex : The car was being washed while my mum was cooking.
Present Perfect : have-has been – V3
Ex : the car has already been washed.
Note : passive future perfect-past perfect continuous-present perfect continuous ile
kullanılmaz.
Past Perfect : had been V3
Ex : The car had been washed before he came :
Be going to : am -is are-going to BE v3
EX : The car is going to be washed.
Simple future : will be V 3
Ex : The car will be washed.
Modals : be – V3
EX : They should be told the bad news.
Ex : They ought to have allowed you to go there…. You ought to be allowed to go there.
BY PHRASES
EX : The police have arrested the criminal.----the criminal has been arrested by police.
Ex : Einstein developed the theory of relativity.-----the theory of relativity was developed by
Einstein.
Adverbs
Ex : the car was washed yesterday.--- Yesterday, the car was washed.
Always-usually sometimes----neyin önündeyse onu vurgular..
Ex : The car is usually washed by Jack.--- The car is washed usually by Jack…
Sentences with 2 objects..
Ex : I will buy her a book tomorrow.
Ex :She will be bought a book tomorrow.( ona kitap alınacak—o kim olduğu belli değil bu
yüzden indirect)
Ex :A book will be bought tomorrow.( alınacak olan belli olduğu için direct).
Ex : My father was given a watch as a present.
Ex : Our club will award 10 students.--- 10 Students will be awarded by our club.
Transitive- İntransitive---geçişli geçişsiz--- object ile olan cümle transitive-object almayan
intransitive-passive dönüştürülemez
Ex : they go to school—intransitive
Ex : the window was broken..transitive
Ex : ı was frightened..korkutulmuştum
Ex : ı was frightened by her scream
Gerunds and İnfinitives
Ex : ı hate getting up early.—
Ex : ı hate being laughed at me—bana gülünmesinden nefret ederim.
Ex : ı dislike someone telling me what to do.----ı dislike being told what to do.(bana ne
yapacağım söylenmesinden hoşlanmam.
Ex : ı don’t like interrupting..söz kesmeyi sevmem
Ex : ı don’t like being interrupted..sözümün kesilmesinden hoşlanmam.
Ex : ıt is said that.. : söylenir ki..
Ex : they say that he ‘s owner---(active)**** ıt is said that, ‘he ‘s the owner’
They say that : it’s said that—she’s said that aynı kalıp
Ex : they say that she was found dead..
It’s said that she was found that.
She’s said to have been found dead

Said-----to be. : Olduğu söyleniyor

To do. : yaptığı söyleniyor
to have been : olmuş olduğu söyleniyor
To have done : yapmış olduğu söyleniyor
To have been done : yapılmış olduğu söyleniyor
To have been doing : yapılmakta olduğu söyleniyor