Testicular Cancer Awareness
BSN Nursing Students: Nicholas Petro, Hayley Socha, and Kaitlyn Willis
Prevalence
❏ Testicular cancer prevails most in
young and middle aged men
between the ages of 20 and 44
❏ 90% of cases affect men under the
age of 55 years old
❏ White men have a five times
greater risk of developing
testicular cancer than black men
❏ White men have a three times
greater risk compared to Asians or
Indian Men
Risk Factors
❏ The exact cause of testicular cancer
is unknown, but certain factors
can increase the risk of developing
this disease
❏ Factors that have the highest
increase of risk include :
❏ Having a family member with this
form of cancer
❏ Having HIV
❏ Undescended Testicle which is not
seeing a testicle where it is
supposed to be
Bitonte College of Health and Human Services
Manifestations
❏ Lump on a testical or swelling
(most of the time the lump is
painless)
❏ May experience a feeling of a
heaviness or an aching
sensation in the scrotum or
the lower abdominal area
❏ Soreness in the breast or even
growth of the breast (rare)
❏ Signs of early puberty
Advanced Manifestations
When testicular cancer
metastasizes, it is considered an
advanced stage. During this stage,
some men do not experience the
following symptoms till later on.
Testicular cancer spreads to the:
❏ Brain- Headaches or confusion
❏ Lungs- Chest pain, shortness of
breath, cough, or the patient may
even cough up blood
❏ Lymph nodes in the posterior
abdominal area- Lumbar back
pain
❏ Liver- Abdominal pain
Testicular Exam
❏ Testicular exams are a secondary
prevention measure to check for
testicular cancer
❏ Checking and feeling for any
problems with the testicles
❏ Starting at puberty, monthly
self-examination of the testicles
should be done
❏ Effective way of detecting testicular
cancer at an early, and possibly
treatable stage
❏ Most easily done in the shower or
after a shower while standing
❏ Recommended to be done at the
same time every month
Testicular Exam Steps
1. Cup one testicle at a time using both
hands
2. Hold the testicle with the middle and
index fingers underneath, and the
thumbs on top of the testicle
3. Firmly but gently roll the testicle
between your thumbs and fingers to
feel for any irregularities
4. If you notice any hard lumps, smooth
or rounded bumps, or changes in size,
shape, or consistency contact a
urologist right away
Department of Nursing