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322 Dynamic Demographic Characteristic Slum Population in Nashik City with

Special Reference from 2011

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‘RESEARCH JOURNEY’ International Multidisciplinary E- Research Journal ISSN :
Impact Factor - (CIF ) - 3.452, (SJIF) – 3.009, (GIF) –0.676 (2013) 2348-7143
Special Issue 51 February
UGC Approved No. 40705 & 44117 2018

Dynamic Demographic Characteristic Slum Population in Nashik City with

Special Reference from 2011

Bharat L.Gadakh
1- Department of Geography, KTHM College, Nashik-02
Email- bharatgadakh@yahoo.com

Abstract:
Slum and squatters are considered as problem areas for urban development in the world. A
slum defined as a compact settlement with a collection of poorly built tenements, mostly of
temporary nature, crowded together usually with inadequate sanitary and drinking water
facilities in unhygienic conditions. The growth of urbanization in the world increasing trends
and many scholars agree to the estimation of world population in 2030 would be 5 billion. The
urban growth in India, increasing trends with acceleration stage from 1991, as per the Census,
2011 the total urban population is 31.16 %. About 45.23 % of population is urban in
Maharashtra state (Census, 2011). The Nashik district has about 24.33 % urban population. The
Nashik city is located between 20°02’00’’ North latitude and 73°50’00’’ East Longitude at
Northwest part of the Maharashtra state, at 529.5 meters above sea level. Nashik city has an
area of 259.5 square kilometers. It is using population data of Nashik city in the year of 2011. It
major finding slum population of all slums is 2, 14,769 people in 2011.
• Introduction:
Slum and squatters are considered as problem areas for urban development in the world.
In all Indian cities slums are poor and there is problem of quality, substandard housing areas,
which pose danger to health and life of slum dwellers. The presence of slum as part of urban
habitat refers to condition of defective physical, social and economic environment.
The growth of urbanization in the world increasing trends and many scholars agree to the
estimation of world population in 2030 would be 5 billion. The urban growth in India, increasing
trends with acceleration stage from 1991, as per the Census, 2011 the total urban population is
31.16 %. About 45.23 % of population is urban in Maharashtra state (Census, 2011). The Nashik
district has about 24.33 % urban population. Nashik city is rapid growth of the Urbanization.
Nashik city population was 21047 in 1901 it increases in about 1, 00,000 in 1951. At time
Nashik area also change in 12.05 sq.km in the 1885 to 259.10 sq.km to 1981. As well as
According to 1981 total number of Slums in study area was 81 and total number of hutments was
18,945 and population housed in this area was 66,498populations. About 22.33 per cent of total
population lived in slum area in 1981.While in 2011, total numbers of Slums were 168 and total
number of hutments was 42,742 and total populations of slums were 2, 14,769 population. This
was slightly increased than previous decade (14.44 percentages).Nashik city was
industrialization has been started in 1951to 1961 decades. Now today prepared smart city of
Nashik city. Than first thing slum area may be converted as good development.
The phenomenon of slum has been regarded as a major problem of urbanization. The
phenomenon of slum is worldwide and almost every city has slum and with the growth of urban
population nowadays slums have created panic for city’s development. It has been a serious issue
for the town planning and so the study of slums is meaningful for the environmental

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‘RESEARCH JOURNEY’ International Multidisciplinary E- Research Journal ISSN :
Impact Factor - (CIF ) - 3.452, (SJIF) – 3.009, (GIF) –0.676 (2013) 2348-7143
Special Issue 51 February
UGC Approved No. 40705 & 44117 2018
modification and ameliorating the problems of urban areas for providing more amenities to the
telling masses. Slums are often defined as, “buildings and areas that are environmentally and
structurally deficient. A result of multiple deprivations such as; illegal land tenure, deficient
environment and inadequate shelter and are the result of the gap between the demand and the
legal and formal supply in the housing market” (Chauhan, 1996). The slum Act of 1956 defines
slums mainly in terms of substandard structure of housing, overcrowding, lack of ventilation, and
zero or near zero sanitation facilities, all conspiring to promote slum life, which defies health and
morals. The geographers, town planners and sociologists have made several attempts for
delineating the salient characteristics of urban slums in both developing and developed countries.
The present study focuses on the demographic and socio-economic aspects of the slum dwellers
of Nashik city, so as to work new strategy for their development.
• Study area :
The Nashik city is located between 20°02’00’’ North latitude and 73°50’00’’ East Longitude at
Northwest part of the Maharashtra state, at 529.5 meters above sea level. Nashik city has an area
of 259.5 square kilometers. Nashik is located 180 km from Mumbai and 206 km from Pune.
Nashik is the administrative headquarter of the Nashik district and Nashik Division. Nashik,
which has been referred to as the "Wine Capital of India", is located in the Western Ghats, on the
western edge of the Deccan peninsula on the banks of the Godavari. It is claimed to be the fastest
growing city in Maharashtra(Gadakh and Jaybhaye,2015,2016).
• Data and methodology:
Methodology is one of the significant parts of analysis. Output or result of analysis highly
depends on the methodology will be used for the data processing or analysis purpose. To achieve
the above objective following methodology will be adopted:-

Step -1 Primary data will be collected; exhaustive literature survey of the topic of
investigation is to be undertaken. Published literature, reports will be collected from various
libraries, Institutes and government departments etc. Besides this relevant literature wills also
reference books, bulletins, reviews will also be etc.by obtained through Internet.

Step -II collection of the population data from 2011 of the Nashik city

Step –III to calculated the administrative ward wise distribution of population, Density, sex
ratio, literacy etc(Gadakh and Jaybhaye,2015,2016).
• Result and discussion:
The study of population is very important because it has for reaching effects in modifying
the face of the earth. Slum population whether in regular and legalized slums or in illegal
squatter hutments, accounts for a substantial share of city population. Here, an attempt has been
made to study the demographic structure of slums of Nashik city in which the total population,
size of population, area occupied, and population density, and residential density, size of
families, sex composition, age composition, and educational status and of slums of Nashik city
have been studied(Bhamare, 2013).
Distribution of population:
There are 168 slums in Nashik city, out of which 56 slums are registered and other 112
slums are not registered. The total population of all slums is 2,14,769 persons in 2011. The

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‘RESEARCH JOURNEY’ International Multidisciplinary E- Research Journal ISSN :
Impact Factor - (CIF ) - 3.452, (SJIF) – 3.009, (GIF) –0.676 (2013) 2348-7143
Special Issue 51 February
UGC Approved No. 40705 & 44117 2018
percentage of slum population found highest in Mahatma Phule Nagar (Nashik road), which
accounts for 4.62 percentage of the total slum population. While largest area occupied by the
UpnagarNashik road which accounts for 12.25 percentage of the total slum area.
The DahaChauk is the lowest in population size, number of families and area occupied
than the other slums, which accounts for 0.03 percentage of the total slum population,
Wadarwadi, Peth road, Panchvati accounts for 3.91 percentage of total slum population, which is
second largest in population size, while Sawrbaba Nagar is third largest in population size,. P. C.
Tolls Prabhud Nagar, KajichiGadi, Shanti Ngar, Panchashil Nagar, Samata Nagar,
RamabaiAmbedkar Nagar have more than two percentage population of total slum population.
Administrativ Total % of total Area Number of % of
e wards Slum Popu. Hutments Hutment
Slum Population Sq. M. s

Nashik East 32,395 15.10 2,31,713 6,479 15.16

Nashik Road 41,554 19.30 5,47,520 8,150 19.07

Nashik West 18,520 8.60 1,08,745 3,686 8.62

New Nashik 31,260 14.30 4,58,610 6,252 14.63

Panchavati 52,193 24.30 4,60,127 10,390 24.31

Satpur 38,847 18.60 3,46,576 7,785 18.21

Total 2,14,769 100.00 21,53,291 42,742 100.00

Density of Population:
The analysis of population density holds immense significance for geographer as its
successful understanding holds key to the analysis of entire demographic character of an area.
The population density of slum in Nashik city is not evenly distributed. The average density of
slums population has recorded 10 persons per meter in the year 2006. It is observed that
Naikwadi has the highest population density, which accounts for 34 persons per meter Indira
Gandhi Nagar has the lowest density of population which accounts for 01persons per
meter(Bhamare, 2013).
Density of slum Population:
The congestion of population is also determined with the density of residential houses
and hutments. The density of residents has been calculated for all 168 slums. The average
density of residents per meter is about 0.01 houses. It is observed that the highest density of
residents per meter is found in Administrative wards Panchavati area. It has lowest density of
residents as compared to other slums, Nashik west.
It is observed that, the area where high density (. above 1000 huts per meter) covers an
area about 20.27 percentage of the total area and 5.36 percentage of the total number of slums. It
is concluded that where there is less area which is occupied more density of population.

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‘RESEARCH JOURNEY’ International Multidisciplinary E- Research Journal ISSN :
Impact Factor - (CIF ) - 3.452, (SJIF) – 3.009, (GIF) –0.676 (2013) 2348-7143
Special Issue 51 February
UGC Approved No. 40705 & 44117 2018
The another zone, where density of residential houses is 500 to 1000 huts per meter
covers 13.55 percentage area and occupies 5.95 percentage slums of the total. The area with low
density . 500 huts per meter covers an area about 66.15 percentage of the total area and 88.69
percentage of the total number of slums.
As compared to Nashik city, the density of residents is very much high. The density of
residents of Nashik city in 1991 was 0.57 houses per meter and in 2001; it increases 0.87 houses
per meter. The table V-IV shows the density of residents per hectare of slums of Nashik city.
Sex ratio of slum population:
The term sex ratio has been used to represent number of females per thousand male. The
sex ratio play the pivotal role in assessing the reproducing performance, population growth,
marriage rates, occupational structure and the migratory character of the population. Hence here,
the study of sex ratio of slums of Nashik city becomes necessary. There are 833 females per
1000 males in the slums of Nashik city in 2008.

Sex Ratio
Name of Administrative wards Total Male Female Sex
Slum population Population Ratio
Population
Nashik East 32,395 17,029 15,366 902
Nashik West 18,520 9,760 8,760 897
Panchavati 52,193 27,596 24,597 891
Nashik Road 41,554 22,577 18,977 840
New Nashik 31,260 18,230 13,030 714
Satpur 38,847 21,942 16,905 770
Total 2,14,769 11,71,34 97,635 833
It is observed from the sex ratio varies from slum to slum in different Administrative
wards. The Administrative wards Nashik East Slum area have relatively high sex ratio which
includesAmbedkarwadi, Bajarangwadi, Panchshil Colony While lowest sex ratio has been
observed in Administrative wards New Nashik Slum area . SavintribaiFule Nagar, Shanti Nagar,
and RamabaiAmbedkar Nagar.
• Conclusion:
The Nashik city is fastly growing city in Maharashtra so number people attract Nashik city
due good weather condition, employability and accibility of road network.
• Acknowledgement:
The authors are thankful to University Grant Research Scheme, Savitribai Phule Pune
University Pune for providing financial assistance to carry out present research work. we also
extend our gratitude to the Principal Dr.V.B.Gaikwad, Maratha
VidyaPrasarkSamaj’sK.R.T.Arts,B.H.Commerce and A.M. Science (KTHM) College, Nashik
for providing GIS laboratory facilities.

References :
 Bhamare, V. N. (2013): Nashik city: a study in urban geography.
 Census of India, (2011):Nashik District census Handbook, Village and Town Directory,
series

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 ‘RESEARCH JOURNEY’ International Multidisciplinary E- Research Journal ISSN :
Impact Factor - (CIF ) - 3.452, (SJIF) – 3.009, (GIF) –0.676 (2013) 2348-7143
Special Issue 51 February
UGC Approved No. 40705 & 44117 2018
 Chandna, R.,C.,(2004):“A Geography of Population, Concepts, Determinants and
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