Bcs dntcs prcngsdbgs.

Ygqumsmtcs kg bcs dntcs

prcngsdbgs: d) bufdr< i)
tmg`pc: [ír`mocs y pbdzcs:
Nþ`putc kg bcs pbdzcs< n)
hcr`d (ncosmkgrdnmþo kg
bd bgofud chmnmdb). Kghgntcs
kg bcs dntcs: Oubmkdk,
doubdimbmkdk, mrrgfubdrmkdk<
suisdodnmþo kg kghgntcs
YGHGYGONMD^ BGFM^BD[MXD^

[G@D 95 Ncostmtunmþo Gspdôcbd, kg 96 kg kmnmg`irg kg 4=61, nuyd úbtm`d

`ckmhmndnmþo sg ad prckunmkc pcr Yghcr`d kgb drtànubc 4>7, kg 96
kg sgptmg`irg kg 9544
Bgy 4/9555, kg 6 kg gogrc, kg Gojumnmd`mgotc Nmvmb, nuyd úbtm`d
`ckmhmndnmþo sg ad prckunmkc pcr Bgy 6/9546, kg 9 kg ocvmg`irg,
 pcr bd
b d qug sg moncrpc
mo ncrpcrd
rd db crkgo
crkgod`mgot
d`mgotcc juràkmnc
jur àkmnc gspdô
gspdôcb
cb bd Kmrgn
Kmrgn--
tmvd 954>/44/WG, kgb Udrbd`gotc Gurcpgc y kgb Ncosgjc, kg 94 kg
`dyc kg 954>, rgbdtmvd d bd rgscbunmþo dbtgrodtmvd kg bmtmfmcs go
`dtgrmd kg ncosu`c
Ygdb Kgnrgtc kg 9; kg jubmc kg 411=, pcr gb qug sg dprugid gb
Nþkmfc Nmvmb, nuyds úbtm`ds `ckmhmndnmcogs sg ado prckunmkc pcr
Bgy 95/9544, kg 94 kg jubmc, kgb Ygfmstrc Nmvmb y pcr Bgy 47/9547,
kg 9 kg jubmc, kg bd Jurmskmnnmþo Xcbuotdrmd
Bgy Crfäomnd 8/4=17, kg 4 kg jubmc, kgb Uckgr Jukmnmdb, nuyd
úbtm`d `ckmhmndnmþo sg ad prckunmkc pcr Bgy Crfäomnd 4>/9547,
kg 7 kg cntuirg, kg `ckmhmndnmþo kg bd Bgy kg Gojumnmd`mgotc
Nrm`modb pdrd gb hcrtdbgnm`mgotc kg bds fdrdotàds prcngsdbgs y bd
rgfubdnmþo kg bds `gkmkds kg movgstmfdnmþo tgnocbþfmnd

CIJG[MXC^
Ncocngr nuäbgs sco bcs dntcs prcngsdbgs, sus rgqumsmtcs kg bufdr,
tmg`pc y hcr`d, dsà nc`c bcs pcsmibgs kghgntcs go bcs qug pugkgo
monurrmr
Urcngkm`mgotcs Jukmnmdbgs. D) Ocr`ds Nc`uogs d tckcs bcs Urcngkm`mgotcs Nmvmbgs. [g`d 95
 
Xcndiubdrmc
Urgnbusmþo:  gs bd pírkmkd c
gxtmonmþo kg uod hdnubtdk c
pctgstdk prcngsdb. ^u huokd-
`gotc sg gonugotrd go bd gspg-
nmdb kmspcsmnmþo go qug sg ado
kg kgsdrrcbbdr bcs dntcs prcng-
sdbgs. Gstc gs, go bd ogngsmkdk
kg gstdibgngr uo bà`mtg tg`pc-
rdb db prcngsc, m`pmkmgokc bd
rgdbmzdnmþo kg dntudnmcogs
prcngsdbgs hugrd kgb tmg`pc
bgfdb`gotg prgvmstc
44;
4. BC^ DN[C^ UYCNG^DBG^
4.4 Ncongptc
^ungsc prckunmkc pcr bd vcbuotdk ncosnmgotg kg qumgogs motgr-
vmog go uo prcngsc, qug `ckmhmnd dbfuoc kg bcs vàonubcs c
rgbdnmcogs juràkmnds qug nc`pcogo kmnac prcngsc, nrgäokcbcs,
`ckmhmnäokcbcs c gxtmofumíokcbcs y prckunmgokc pcr tdotc
ghgntcs go íb.
Bd vcbuotdrmgkdk gs gb gbg`gotc gsgonmdb qug motgfrd db dntc
prcngsdb, pgr`mtmíokcbc kmhgrgonmdrbc kg bcs sm`pbgs agnacs
prcngsdbgs: gb trdosnursc kgb tmg`pc, bd hugrzd `dycr, gtn. qug sm
imgo pugkgo monmkmr go gb prcngsc, bc adngo nco mokgpgokgonmd
kg uo dntc vcbmtmvc kg pgrscod kgtgr`mod.
Hmodb`gotg ncovmgog prgnmsdr dquà qug tckcs gbbcs sg motgfrdo
go gb prcngsc, kg sugrtg qug bd ncondtgodnmþo kg dntcs prcng-
sdbgs, kcokg ndkd dntc gs prgsupugstc kg dk`msmimbmkdk kgb
smfumgotg, d trdvís kgb prcngkm`mgotc gspgnàhmnc dpbmndibg go
ndkd ndsc, motgfrd gb prcngsc go su ncojuotc.
4.9 Urmonmpmcs prcngsdbgs rgbdtmvcs d bcs dntcs
prcngsdbgs
D. Ncongotrdnmþo
Urmonmpmc kg ndräntgr hcr`db qug gxmfg, pdrd dngbgrdr gb prcngsc,
qug go uo `ms`c `c`gotc c hdsg prcngkm`gotdb sg rgdbmng gb
`äxm`c kg dntcs prcngsdbgs qug sgd pcsmibg.
I. Urgnbusmþo
Ncosgnugonmd kgb crkgo sungsmvc kg bcs dntcs prcngsdbgs,
kmvmkmgokc gb prcngsc go hdsgs, gs gb prmonmpmc kg prgnbusmþo,
ncohcr`g db nudb, sm kgotrc kg ndkd hdsg kgb prcngsc oc sg
prdntmndo go gbbd bcs dntcs prcngsdbgs qug bd bgy kgtgr`mod pdrd
kmnac pgrmckc, gb prcngsc ncotmoudrä su nursc ncosmkgräokcsg
qug gb kgrgnac d prdntmndr kmnacs dntcs d ndkundkc c prgnbumkc.
Ncosgnugonmd kg gstg prmonmpmc sco:
- Gb drtànubc
drtànubc 4>9.4 kg bd BGN sgfúo gb nudb,
nudb, bds dntudnmcogs
kgb prcngsc sg prdntmndräo go bcs tír`mocs c kgotrc kg bcs
pbdzcs sgôdbdkcs pdrd ndkd uod kg gbbds.
- Gb drtànubc 4>8 kg bd BGN rghgrmkc d bd prgnbusmþo go bcs
smfumgotgs tír`mocs: trdosnurrmkc gb pbdzc c pdsdkc gb
tír`moc sgôdbdkc pdrd bd rgdbmzdnmþo kg uo dntc prcngsdb kg
pdrtg sg prckunmrä bd prgnbusmþo y sg pgrkgrä bd cpcrtuomkdk
kg rgdbmzdr gb dntc kg qug sg trdtg. Gb Bgtrdkc kg bd Dk`moms-
trdnmþo kg Justmnmd kgjdrä ncostdonmd kgb trdosnursc kgb pbdzc
  gkmtcrmdb ngp
   }        
 Bcs dntcs prcngsdbgs

pcr `gkmc kg kmbmfgonmd y dncrkdrä bc qug prcngkd c kdrä nugotd db trmiuodb d hmo kg qug kmntg bd
rgscbunmþo qug ncrrgspcokd.

N. M`pubsc prcngsdb
Ncohcr`g d gstg prmonmpmc, gs ogngsdrmc qug go ndkd prcngsc dbfumgo dsu`d bd cibmfdnmþo kg rgdbmzdr
dqugbbcs dntcs qug kgtgr`modo bd hmodbmzdnmþo kg uod kg sus hdsgs y bd dpgrturd kg bd smfumgotg.
Gstd cibmfdnmþo, go gb dntudb gsqug`d kg bd BGN, bd dsu`g nco ndräntgr fgogrdb gb Bgtrdkc kg bd Dk`m-
omstrdnmþo kg Justmnmd. Dsà, sdbvc qug bd bgy kmspcofd ctrd ncsd, gb Bgtrdkc kg bd Dk`momstrdnmþo kg Justm-
nmd kdrä kg chmnmc db prcngsc gb nursc qug ncrrgspcokd, kmntdokc db ghgntc bds rgscbunmcogs ogngsdrmds.

K. Uuibmnmkdk
Gstg prmonmpmc, qug nc`c vgrg`cs tmgog nmgrtds gxngpnmcogs y bm`mtdnmcogs, gxmfg nco ndräntgr fgogrdb
qug bcs dntcs prcngsdbgs sg rgdbmngo oc sþbc nco ncocnm`mgotc kg tckds bds pgrscods qug motgrvmgogo go
gb prcngsc, smoc kg nudbgsqumgrd pgrscods qug bc kgsggo.
Udrtm`cs kgb drtànubc 495.4 y > NG kg dnugrkc nco gb nudb:
- Bds dntudnmcogs jukmnmdbgs sgräo púibmnds, nco bds gxngpnmcogs qug prgvgdo bds bgygs kg prcngkm-
`mgotc
- Bds sgotgonmds sgräo smg`prg
smg`prg `ctmvdkds y sg prcouonmdräo go
go dukmgonmd
dukmgonmd púibmnd.
púibmnd.
Udrd bbgfdr db ncotgomkc nconrgtc kg bd BGN< kcokg kmstmofum`cs:

d. Uuibmnmkdk kg bds dntudnmcogs crdbgs

Bds dntudnmcogs kg prugid, bds vmstds y bds nc`pdrgngonmds nuyc cijgtc sgd càr d bds pdrtgs dotgs kg
kmntdr uod rgscbunmþo sg prdntmndräo go dukmgonmd púibmnd.
Bds dntudnmcogs dotgrmcrgs pckräo, oc cistdotg, ngbgirdrsg d pugrtd ngrrdkd nudokc gbbc sgd ogngsdrmc
pdrd bd prctgnnmþo kgb crkgo púibmnc c kg bd sgfurmkdk odnmcodb go uod scnmgkdk kg`cnrätmnd, c nudokc
bcs motgrgsgs kg bcs `gocrgs c bd prctgnnmþo kg bd vmkd prmvdkd kg bds pdrtgs y kg ctrcs kgrgnacs y bmigr-
tdkgs bc gxmjdo c, go hmo, go bd `gkmkd go bd qug gb trmiuodb bc ncosmkgrg gstrmntd`gotg ogngsdrmc, nudokc
pcr bd nconurrgonmd kg nmrnuostdonmds gspgnmdbgs bd puibmnmkdk pukmgrd pgrjukmndr d bcs motgrgsgs kg bd
 justmnmd.
Dotgs kg dncrkdr bd ngbgirdnmþo d pugrtd ngrrdkd kg nudbqumgr dntudnmþo, gb trmiuodb cmrä d bds pdrtgs
qug gstuvmgrdo prgsgotgs go gb dntc. Bd rgscbunmþo dkcptdrä bd hcr`d kg dutc y ncotrd gbbd oc sg dk`m-
tmrä rgnursc dbfuoc, smo pgrjumnmc kg hcr`ubdr prctgstd y susnmtdr bd nugstmþo, sm hugrg dk`msmibg, go gb
rgnursc prcngkgotg ncotrd bd sgotgonmd kghmomtmvd.
k ghmomtmvd.
Bcs Bgtrdkcs kg bd Dk`momstrdnmþo kg Justmnmd pckräo dkcptdr `gkmdotg kgnrgtc bd `ms`d `gkmkd go
dqugbbds dntudnmcogs prcngsdbgs qug kgido prdntmndrsg go `dtgrmds kg su gxnbusmvd nc`pgtgonmd. Hrgotg
d gstg kgnrgtc sþbc ndirä rgnursc kg rgpcsmnmþo.
Bd rgbdnmþo kg sgôdbd`mgotcs kgb þrfdoc jukmnmdb kgigrä adngrsg púibmnd. Bcs Bgtrdkcs kg bd Dk`moms-
trdnmþo kg Justmnmd vgbdräo pcrqug bcs huonmcodrmcs nc`pgtgotgs kg bd Chmnmod jukmnmdb puibmqugo go uo
bufdr vmsmibg db púibmnc, gb prm`gr kàd aäimb kg ndkd sg`dod, bd rgbdnmþo kg sgôdbd`mgotcs ncrrgspco-
kmgotgs d su rgspgntmvc þrfdoc jukmnmdb, nco mokmndnmþo kg bd hgnad y acrd kg su ngbgirdnmþo, tmpc kg
dntudnmþo y oú`grc kg prcngkm`mgotc.

gkmtcrmdb ngp
   }         447
Urcngkm`mgotcs Jukmnmdbgs. D) Ocr`ds Nc`uogs d tckcs bcs Urcngkm`mgotcs Nmvmbgs. [g`d 95

i. Mohcr`dnmþo scirg bds dntudnmcogs

Bcs Bgtrdkcs kg bd Dk`momstrdnmþo kg Justmnmd y huonmcodrmcs nc`pgtgotgs kg bd Chmnmod jukmnmdb hdnmbm-
tdräo d nudbgsqumgrd pgrscods qug dnrgkmtgo uo motgrís bgfàtm`c y kmrgntc nudotd mohcr`dnmþo scbmnmtgo
scirg gb gstdkc kg bds dntudnmcogs jukmnmdbgs, qug pckräo gxd`modr y ncocngr, sdbvc qug sgdo c auimg-
rgo smkc kgnbdrdkds rgsgrvdkds ncohcr`g d bd bgy. [d`imío pckräo pgkmr dquíbbds, d su ncstd, bd citgo-
nmþo kg ncpmds sm`pbgs kg gsnrmtcs y kcnu`gotcs qug ncostgo go bcs dutcs, oc kgnbdrdkcs rgsgrvdkcs.
D pgtmnmþo kg bds pgrscods d qug sg rghmgrg gb dpdrtdkc dotgrmcr, y d su ncstd, sg gxpgkmräo pcr gb
Bgtrdkc kg bd Dk`momstrdnmþo kg Justmnmd bcs tgstm`comcs y ngrtmhmndkcs qug scbmnmtgo, nco gxprgsmþo kg
su kgstmodtdrmc.
Oc cistdotg bc kmspugstc go bcs pärrdhcs dotgrmcrgs, bcs trmiuodbgs pcr `gkmc kg dutc pckräo dtrmiumr
ndräntgr rgsgrvdkc d bd tctdbmkdk c d pdrtg kg bcs dutcs nudokc tdb `gkmkd rgsubtg justmhmndkd nudokc
gbbc sgd ogngsdrmc pdrd bd prctgnnmþo kgb crkgo púibmnc c kg bd sgfurmkdk odnmcodb go uod scnmgkdk
kg`cnrätmnd, c nudokc bcs motgrgsgs kg bcs `gocrgs c bd prctgnnmþo kg bd vmkd prmvdkd kg bds pdrtgs y kg
ctrcs kgrgnacs y bmigrtdkgs bc gxmjdo c, go hmo, go bd `gkmkd go bd qug gb trmiuodb bc ncosmkgrg gstrmntd-
`gotg ogngsdrmc, nudokc pcr bd nconurrgonmd kg nmrnuostdonmds gspgnmdbgs bd puibmnmkdk pukmgrd pgrju-
kmndr d bcs motgrgsgs kg bd justmnmd.
Bds dntudnmcogs kg ndräntgr rgsgrvdkc sþbc pckräo sgr ncocnmkds pcr bds pdrtgs y pcr sus rgprgsgotdotgs
y kghgoscrgs, smo pgrjumnmc kg bc prgvmstc rgspgntc kg agnacs y kdtcs nco rgbgvdonmd pgodb, trmiutdrmd c
kg ctrd àokcbg.

n. Dnngsc d bmircs, drnamvcs y rgfmstrcs jukmnmdbgs

Bds pgrscods qug dnrgkmtgo uo motgrís bgfàtm`c pckräo dnngkgr d bcs bmircs, drnamvcs y rgfmstrcs jukmnmd-
bgs qug oc tgofdo ndräntgr rgsgrvdkc y citgogr, d su ncstd, tgstm`comc c ngrtmhmndnmþo kg bcs gxtrg`cs
qug mokmqugo.

G. Mo`gkmdnmþo
Gstg prmonmpmc, sg rghmgrg prmonmpdb`gotg d bcs dntcs qug ado kg rgdbmzdrsg go bds hdsgs crdbgs kg ndkd
prcngsc, g m`pbmnd qug bcs dntcs prcngsdbgs kgigo rgdbmzdrsg go prgsgonmd kgb jugz c trmiuodb qug gstg
ncocnmgokc gb prcngsc.
Bcs Jugngs y bcs @dfmstrdkcs `mg`ircs kgb trmiuodb qug gstí ncocnmgokc kg uo dsuotc prgsgonmdräo bds
kgnbdrdnmcogs kg bds pdrtgs y kg tgstmfcs, bcs ndrgcs, bds gxpcsmnmcogs, gxpbmndnmcogs y rgspugstds qug
adydo kg chrgngr bcs pgrmtcs, dsà nc`c bd nràtmnd crdb kg su kmntd`go y nudbqumgr ctrc dntc kg prugid
qug, ncohcr`g d bc kmspugstc go bd BGN, kgid bbgvdrsg d ndic ncotrdkmntcrmd y púibmnd`gotg.
Bds vmstds y bds nc`pdrgngonmds qug tgofdo pcr cijgtc càr d bds pdrtgs dotgs kg kmntdr uod rgscbunmþo sg
ngbgirdräo smg`prg dotg gb Jugz c bcs @dfmstrdkcs motgfrdotgs kgb trmiuodb qug ncocznd kgb dsuotc.
Bc kmspugstc sgrä kg dpbmndnmþo d bcs Bgtrdkcs kg bd Dk`momstrdnmþo kg Justmnmd rgspgntc kg dqugbbds
dntudnmcogs qug adydo kg rgdbmzdrsg úomnd`gotg dotg gbbcs.
Bd mohrdnnmþo kg bc kmspugstc go bcs pärrdhcs dotgrmcrgs kgtgr`modrä bd oubmkdk kg pbgoc kgrgnac kg bds
ncrrgspcokmgotgs dntudnmcogs.

4.> Nbdsgs kg dntcs prcngsdbgs

Go huonmþo kgb sujgtc qug bcs g`mtg kmstmofum`cs:
- Dntcs kgb Jugz c [rmiuodb: ^co dntcs
dntcs smg`prg kg ndräntgr kgnmscrmc. ^g
^g `domhmgstdo d trdvís kg prcvm-
kgonmds, dutcs y sgotgonmds.

448   gkmtcrmdb ngp

   }        
 Bcs dntcs prcngsdbgs

- Dntcs kgb Bgtrdkc kg bd Dk`momstrdnmþo kg Justmnmd: Uugkgo

sgr dntcs kgnmscrmcs, kg nc`uomndnmþo c kcnu`gotdnmþo. ^g
`domhmgstdo d trdvís kg kmbmfgonmds y kgnrgtcs.
- Dntcs kg bds pdrtgs go gb prcngsc: Uugkgo
Uugkgo sgr kg citgonmþo,
citgonmþo,
(d su vgz kg: pgtmnmþo, dhmr`dnmþo c prugid) c kmspcsmtmvcs
scirg gb prcngsc, (nc`c go gb dbbdod`mgotc, gb kgsmstm`mgotc
c bd trdosdnnmþo). ^g `domhmgstdo d trdvís kg bcs kmhgrgotgs
gsnrmtcs kg kg`dokd, ncotgstdnmþo, rgncovgonmþo gtn.< bds
kgnbdrdnmcogs vgridbgs go dukmgonmd prgvmd c go gb dntc kgb
 jumnmc< c bcs gsnrmtcs kg prcpcsmnmþo kg rgnurscs y rgnurscs,
gtn.
- Dntcs kg tgrngrcs: ^co
^co huokd`gotdb`gotg
huokd`gotdb`gotg bcsbcs qug sg `dom-
hmgstdo go bd hdsg kg prugid kurdotg gb jumnmc, duoqug ndigo
ctrcs nc`c pcr gjg`pbc bcs kgrmvdkcs kg bd motgrvgonmþo kg
tgrngrcs go gb prcngsc `gkmdotg tgrngràd kg `gjcr kgrgnac.
^g `domhmgstdo d trdvís kg gsnrmtcs, kgnbdrdnmcogs tgstmhmndbgs,
pgrmnmdbgs, gtn.

9. YGTWM^M[C^ KG BC^ DN[C^ UYCNG^DBG^:

D) BWFDY< I) [MG@UC: [ÍY@MOC^ ]
UBDZC^: NÞ@UW[C KG BC^ UBDZC^<
N) HCY@D (NCO^MKGYDNMÞO KG BD
BGOFWD CHMNMDB)

9.4 d) Bufdr
^gfúo gb drtànubc 49= kg bd BGN, bds dntudnmcogs jukmnmdbgs sg
rgdbmzdräo go bd sgkg kg bd Chmnmod jukmnmdb, sdbvc dqugbbds qug
pcr su odturdbgzd sg kgido prdntmndr go ctrc bufdr.
Bds dntudnmcogs qug kgido rgdbmzdrsg hugrd kgb pdrtmkc jukmnmdb M`pcrtdotg
kcokg rdkmqug bd sgkg kgb trmiuodb qug ncocznd kgb prcngsc sg
prdntmndräo, nudokc prcngkd, `gkmdotg duxmbmc jukmnmdb. Bcs trmiuodbgs pckräo ncostm-
tumrsg go nudbqumgr bufdr kgb
[d`imío pckräo kgspbdzdrsg hugrd kgb tgrrmtcrmc kg su nmrnuos- tgrrmtcrmc kg su nmrnuosnrmpnmþo
nrmpnmþo pdrd bd präntmnd kg dntudnmcogs kg prugid, ncohcr`g pdrd bd präntmnd kg bds dntud-
d bc prgvgomkc go bd BGN y go gb drtànubc 967 kg bd BCUJ qug nmcogs nudokc hugrg ogngsdrmc
kgtgr`mod qug pckräo bcs Jugngs rgdbmzdr nudbgsqumgrd kmbmfgo- c ncovgomgotg pdrd bd iugod
nmds kg mostrunnmþo pgodb go bufdr oc nc`prgokmkc go gb tgrrm- dk`momstrdnmþo
dk`momstrdnm þo kg justmnmd.
tcrmc kg su jurmskmnnmþo, nudokc gb `ms`c sg adbbdrg prþxm`c
y gbbc rgsubtdrg ncovgomgotg, kdokc mo`gkmdtd octmnmd db Jugz
nc`pgtgotg. Bcs Jugngs y [rmiuodbgs kg ctrcs þrkgogs jurmskmn-
nmcodbgs pckräo td`imío prdntmndr kmbmfgonmds kg mostrunnmþo
c prugid hugrd kgb tgrrmtcrmc kg su jurmskmnnmþo nudokc oc sg
pgrjukmqug bd nc`pgtgonmd kgb Jugz ncrrgspcokmgotg y vgofd
 justmhmndkc pcr rdzcogs kg gncoc`àd prcngsdb.

gkmtcrmdb ngp
   }         446
Urcngkm`mgotcs Jukmnmdbgs. D) Ocr`ds Nc`uogs d tckcs bcs Urcngkm`mgotcs Nmvmbgs. [g`d 95

9.9 i) [mg`pc: [ír`mocs y pbdzcs: Nþ`putc kg bcs pbdzcs

D. Kmspcsmnmco
Kmspcsmnmcogs
gs fgogrdbgs kg bd Bgy Crfäomnd kg Uckgr Jukmnmdb
Gstäo ncotgomkds go gb Ndpàtubc MM kgb [àtubc M kgb Bmirc MMM kg bd BCUJ: Kgb tmg`pc aäimb pdrd bds dntud-
nmcogs jukmnmdbgs.
- ^co moaäimbgs d ghgntcs prcngsdbgs bcs säidkcs y kc`mofcs, bcs kàds 9; y >4 kg kmnmg`irg,
kmnmg`irg, bcs kàds kg
hmgstd odnmcodb y bcs hgstmvcs d ghgntcs bdicrdbgs go bd rgspgntmvd nc`uomkdk dutþoc`d c bcndbmkdk.
Gb Ncosgjc Fgogrdb kgb Uckgr
Uckgr Jukmnmdb,
Jukmnmdb, `gkmdotg rgfbd`gotc, pckrä
pckrä adimbmtdr gstcs kàds d ghgntcs
ghgntcs kg
dntudnmcogs jukmnmdbgs go dqugbbcs ndscs oc prgvmstcs gxprgsd`gotg pcr bds bgygs.
^co acrds aäimbgs
aäimbgs kgskg bds 1 kg bd `dôdod d bds 1 kg bd tdrkg, sdbvc qug bd bgy kmspcofd bc ncotrdrmc.
- ^gräo moaäimbgs bcs kàds kgb `gs kg dfcstc pdrd tckds bds dntudnmcogs jukmnmdbgs, gxngptc
gxngptc bds qug
qug
sg kgnbdrgo urfgotgs pcr bds bgygs prcngsdbgs. Oc cistdotg, gb Ncosgjc Fgogrdb kgb Uckgr Jukmnmdb
(NFUJ), `gkmdotg rgfbd`gotc, pckrä adimbmtdrbcs d ghgntcs kg ctrds dntudnmcogs.
- ^mo pgrjumnmc
pgrjumnmc kg bc
bc kmspugstc dotgrmcr`gotg,
dotgrmcr`gotg, tckcs bcs kàds kgb dôc y tckds bds acrds sgräo aäimbgs
pdrd bd mostrunnmþo kg bds ndusds nrm`modbgs, smo ogngsmkdk kg adimbmtdnmþo gspgnmdb.
Bcs kàds y acrds moaäimbgs pckräo adimbmtdrsg nco sujgnmþo d bc kmspugstc go bds bgygs
bgygs prcngsdbgs.
- Bcs pbdzcs prcngsdbgs
prcngsdbgs sg nc`putdräo nco drrgfbc d bc kmspugstc go gb Nþkmfc Nmvmb. Go bcs sgôdbdkcs
pcr kàds qugkdräo gxnbumkcs bcs moaäimbgs.
^m gb
gb úbtm`c
úbtm`c kàd kg pbdzc hugrg moaäimb, sg gotgokgrä
gotgokgrä prcrrcfdkc db prm`gr
prm`gr kàd aäimb smfumgotg.
smfumgotg.
^mgokc qug gb drtànubc
drtànubc 7.4 kgb NN gstdibgng qug
qug smg`prg qug oc sg gstdibgznd ctrd ncsd, go
go bcs pbdzcs
sgôdbdkcs pcr kàds, d ncotdr kg uoc kgtgr`modkc, qugkdrä ístg gxnbumkc kgb nþ`putc, gb nudb kgigrä
g`pgzdr go gb kàd smfumgotg< y sm bcs pbdzcs gstuvmgsgo hmjdkcs pcr `gsgs c dôcs, sg nc`putdräo kg
hgnad d hgnad. Nudokc go gb `gs kgb vgonm`mgotc oc auimgrd kàd gqumvdbgotg db momnmdb kgb nþ`putc,
sg gotgokgrä qug gb pbdzc gxpmrd gb úbtm`c kgb `gs.

I. Kmspcsmnmco
Kmspcsmnmcogs
gs kg bd Bgy kg Gojumnmd`mgotc
Gojumnmd`mgotc Nmvmb
d. Kàds y acrds aäimbgs
Bds dntudnmcogs jukmnmdbgs adiräo kg prdntmndrsg go kàds y acrds aäimbgs.
^co kàds moaäimbgs d ghgntcs prcngsdbgs bcs säidkcs y kc`mofcs, y bcs kàds 9; y >4 kg kmnmg`irg, bcs kàds
kg hmgstd odnmcodb y bcs hgstmvcs d ghgntcs bdicrdbgs go bd rgspgntmvd Nc`uomkdk Dutþoc`d c bcndbmkdk.
[d`imío sgräo moaäimbgs bcs kàds kgb `gs kg dfcstc.
^g gotmgokg pcr acrds aäimbgs bds qug `gkmdo kgskg bds 1 kg bd `dôdod d bds 1 kg bd tdrkg, sdbvc qug bd
bgy, pdrd uod dntudnmþo nconrgtd, kmspcofd ctrd ncsd.
Udrd bcs dntcs kg nc`uomndnmþo y gjgnunmþo td`imío sg ncosmkgrdräo acrds aäimbgs bds qug trdosnurrgo
kgskg bds cnac adstd bds 45 kg bd ocnag.
Bc prgvmstc go bcs dpdrtdkcs dotgrmcrgs sg gotgokgrä smo pgrjumnmc kg bc qug pugkd gstdibgngrsg pdrd bds
dntudnmcogs gbgntrþomnds.

i. Adimbmtdnmþo kg kàds y acrds aäimbgs

Kg chmnmc c d mostdonmd kg pdrtg, bcs [rmiuodbgs pckräo adimbmtdr bcs kàds y acrds moaäimbgs, nudokc
auimgrg ndusd urfgotg qug bc gxmjd. Gstd adimbmtdnmþo sg rgdbmzdrä pcr bcs Bgtrdkc kg bd Dk`momstrdnmþo
kg Justmnmd nudokc tuvmgrd pcr cijgtc bd rgdbmzdnmþo kg dntudnmcogs prcngsdbgs qug kgido prdntmndrsg go

441   gkmtcrmdb ngp

   }        
 Bcs dntcs prcngsdbgs

`dtgrmds kg su gxnbusmvd nc`pgtgonmd, nudokc sg trdtdrd kg dntudnmcogs pcr gbbcs crkgodkds c nudokc
hugrdo tgokgotgs d kdr nu`pbm`mgotc d bds rgscbunmcogs kmntdkds pcr bcs [rmiuodbgs.
^g ncosmkgrdräo urfgotgs bds dntudnmcogs kgb trmiuodb nuyd kg`crd pugkd ndusdr frdvg pgrjumnmc d bcs
motgrgsdkcs c d bd iugod dk`momstrdnmþo kg justmnmd, c prcvcndr bd moghmndnmd kg uod rgscbunmþo jukmnmdb.
Udrd bds dntudnmcogs urfgotgs sgräo aäimbgs bcs kàds kgb `gs kg dfcstc, smo ogngsmkdk kg gxprgsd adim-
bmtdnmþo. [d`pcnc sgrä ogngsdrmd bd adimbmtdnmþo pdrd prcsgfumr go acrds moaäimbgs, kurdotg gb tmg`pc
mokmspgosdibg, bds dntudnmcogs urfgotgs qug sg auimgrgo momnmdkc go acr ds aäimbgs.
Ncotrd bds rgscbunmcogs kg adimbmtdnmþo kg kàds y acrds moaäimbgs oc sg dk`mtmrä rgnursc dbfuoc.

n. [ír`mocs y pbdzcs
Udrtmgokc kg qug tír`moc gs gb `c`gotc go qug kgig rgdbmzdrsg uo dntc prcngsdb y pbdzc gb pgrmckc
kg tmg`pc ncongkmkc pdrd rgdbmzdr uo dntc prcngsdb, y kg qug sco `úbtmpbgs bds nbdsmhmndnmcogs kg bcs
pbdzcs, smgokc pcr bc fgogrdb m`prcrrcfdibgs, kmstmofum`cs:

• Ubdzcs y tír`mocs
Bds dntudnmcogs kgb prcngsc sg prdntmndräo go bcs tír`mocs c kgotrc kg bcs pbdzcs sgôdbdkcs pdrd ndkd
uod kg gbbds.
Nudokc oc sg hmjg pbdzc om tír`moc, sg gotgokgrä qug ado kg prdntmndrsg smo kmbdnmþo.
Bd mohrdnnmþo kg bc dquà kmspugstc pcr bcs trmiuodbgs y pgrscodb db sgrvmnmc kg bd Dk`momstrdnmþo kg
 Justmnmd kg oc `gkmdr
`gkmdr justd ndusd sgrä ncrrgfmkd
ncrrgfmkd kmsnmpbmodrmd`gotg nco drrgfbc d bc prgvmstc
prgvmstc go bd BCUJ,
smo pgrjumnmc kgb kgrgnac kg bd pdrtg pgrjukmndkd pdrd gxmfmr bds kg`äs rgspcosdimbmkdkgs qug prcng-
kdo.

• Nþ`putc kg bcs
bcs pbdzcs
pbdzcs
Bcs pbdzcs nc`gozdräo d ncrrgr kgskg gb kàd smfumgotg d dqugb go qug sg auimgrg ghgntudkc gb dntc kg
nc`uomndnmþo kgb qug bd Bgy adfd kgpgokgr gb momnmc kgb pbdzc, y sg ncotdrä go gbbcs gb kàd kgb vgonm-
`mgotc, qug gxpmrdrä d bds 9; acrds.
Oc cistdotg, nudokc bd Bgy sgôdbg uo pbdzc qug nc`mgong d ncrrgr kgskg bd hmodbmzdnmþo kg ctrc, dquíb
sg nc`putdrä, smo ogngsmkdk kg ougvd
o ugvd octmhmndnmþo, kgskg gb kàd smfumgotg db kgb vgonm`mgotc kg ístg.
Go gb nþ`putc kg bcs pbdzcs sgôdbdkcs pcr kàds sg gxnbumräo bcs moaäimbgs.
Udrd bcs pbdzcs qug sg auimgsgo sgôdbdkc go bds dntudnmcogs urfgotgs dotgrmcr`gotg rghgrmkds, oc sg
ncosmkgrdräo moaäimbgs bcs kàds kgb `gs kg dfcstc y sþbc sg gxnbumräo kgb nþ`putc bcs säidkcs, kc`mo-
fcs y hgstmvcs.
Bcs pbdzcs sgôdbdkcs pcr `gsgs c pcr dôcs sg nc`putdräo kg hgnad d hgnad.
Nudokc go gb `gs kgb vgonm`mgotc oc auimgrd kàd gqumvdbgotg db momnmdb kgb nþ`putc, sg gotgokgrä qug
gb pbdzc gxpmrd gb úbtm`c kgb `gs.
Bcs pbdzcs qug nconbuydo go säidkc, kc`mofc u ctrc kàd moaäimb sg gotgokgräo prcrrcfdkcs adstd gb
smfumgotg aäimb.

• M`prcrrcfd
M`prcrrcfdimbmkdk
imbmkdk kg
kg bcs pbdzcs
Bcs pbdzcs gstdibgnmkcs go bd BGN sco m`prcrrcfdibgs.
Uckräo, oc cistdotg, motgrru`pmrsg bcs pbdzcs y kg`crdrsg bcs tír`mocs go ndsc kg hugrzd `dycr qug
m`pmkd nu`pbmrbcs, rgdoukäokcsg su nþ`putc go gb `c`gotc go qug auimgrd ngsdkc bd ndusd kgtgr-
`modotg kg bd motgrrupnmþo c kg`crd. Bd nconurrgonmd kg hugrzd `dycr adirä kg sgr dprgnmdkd pcr gb

gkmtcrmdb ngp
   }         44=
Urcngkm`mgotcs Jukmnmdbgs. D) Ocr`ds Nc`uogs d tckcs bcs Urcngkm`mgotcs Nmvmbgs. [g`d 95

Bgtrdkc kg bd Dk`momstrdnmþo kg Justmnmd `gkmdotg kgnrgtc, kg chmnmc c d mostdonmd kg bd pdrtg qug bd

suhrmþ, nco dukmgonmd kg bds kg`äs. Ncotrd gstg kgnrgtc pckrä motgrpcogrsg rgnursc kg rgvmsmþo qug
prckunmrä ghgntcs suspgosmvcs.

• Urgsgotdnmþo kg gsnrmtcs,
gsnrmtcs, d ghgntcs kgb rgqumsmtc kg tmg`pc kg
kg bcs dntcs
prcngsdbgs
Nudokc bds chmnmods jukmnmdbgs y bcs sujgtcs motgrvmomgotgs go uo prcngsc gstío cibmfdkcs db g`pbgc kg
bcs smstg`ds tgbg`ätmncs c gbgntrþomncs gxmstgotgs go bd Dk`momstrdnmþo kg Justmnmd ncohcr`g db drtànubc
96> (Urgsgotdnmþo kg ncpmds kg gsnrmtcs y kcnu`gotcs), rg`mtmräo y rgnmimräo tckcs bcs gsnrmtcs, momnmd-
kcrgs c oc, y kg`äs kcnu`gotcs d trdvís kg gstcs smstg`ds, sdbvc bds gxngpnmcogs gstdibgnmkds go bd bgy,
kg hcr`d tdb qug gstí fdrdotmzdkd bd dutgotmnmkdk kg bd nc`uomndnmþo y qugkg ncostdonmd hgadnmgotg kg
bd rg`msmþo y bd rgngpnmþo àotgfrds, dsà nc`c kg bd hgnad go qug ístds sg amnmgrgo. Gstc sgrä td`imío kg
dpbmndnmþo d dqugbbcs motgrvmomgotgs qug, smo gstdr cibmfdkcs, cptgo pcr gb usc kg bcs smstg`ds tgbg`ätm-
ncs c gbgntrþomncs.
^g pckräo prgsgotdr gsnrmtcs y kcnu`gotcs go hcr`dtc gbgntrþomnc tckcs bcs kàds kgb dôc kurdotg bds
vgmotmnudtrc acrds.
Urgsgotdkcs bcs gsnrmtcs y kcnu`gotcs pcr `gkmcs tgbg`ätmncs, sg g`mtmrä dutc`ätmnd`gotg rgnmic pcr
gb `ms`c `gkmc, nco gxprgsmþo kgb oú`grc kg gotrdkd kg rgfmstrc y kg bd hgnad y bd acrd kg prgsgo-
tdnmþo, go bd qug sg tgokräo pcr prgsgotdkcs d tckcs bcs ghgntcs. Go ndsc kg qug bd prgsgotdnmþo tgofd
bufdr go kàd u acrd moaäimb d ghgntcs prcngsdbgs ncohcr`g d bd bgy, sg gotgokgrä ghgntudkd gb prm`gr kàd
y acrd aäimb smfumgotg.
D ghgntcs kg prugid y kgb nu`pbm`mgotc kg rgqumsmtcs bgfdbgs qug gxmjdo kmspcogr kg bcs kcnu`gotcs
crmfmodbgs c kg ncpmds hgadnmgotgs, sg gstdrä d bc prgvmstc go gb drtànubc 489, rghgrgotg d dntcs kg nc`uom-
ndnmþo pcr `gkmcs gbgntrþomncs, mohcr`ätmncs y sm`mbdrgs
Nudokc bd prgsgotdnmþo kg gsnrmtcs pgrgotcrmcs kgotrc kg pbdzc pcr bcs `gkmcs tgbg`ätmncs c gbgntrþ-
omncs d qug sg rghmgrg gb dpdrtdkc dotgrmcr oc sgd pcsmibg pcr motgrrupnmþo oc pbdomhmndkd kgb sgrvmnmc
kg nc`uomndnmcogs tgbg`ätmnds c gbgntrþomnds, smg`prg qug sgd pcsmibg sg kmspcokräo bds `gkmkds pdrd
qug gb usudrmc rgsubtg mohcr`dkc kg gstd nmrnuostdonmd, dsà nc`c kg bcs ghgntcs kg bd suspgosmþo, nco
mokmndnmþo gxprgsd, go su ndsc, kg bd prþrrcfd kg bcs pbdzcs kg mo`mogotg vgonm`mgotc. Gb rg`mtgotg
pckrä prcngkgr, go gstg ndsc, d su prgsgotdnmþo go bd chmnmod jukmnmdb gb prm`gr kàd aäimb smfumgotg dnc`-
pdôdokc gb justmhmndotg kg kmnad motgrrupnmþo.
Go bcs ndscs kg motgrrupnmþo pbdomhmndkd kgigrä douonmdrsg nco bd dotgbdnmþo suhmnmgotg, mohcr`dokc kg
bcs `gkmcs dbtgrodtmvcs kg prgsgotdnmþo qug go tdb ndsc prcngkdo.
^m gb sgrvmnmc kg nc`uomndnmcogs tgbg`ätmnds c gbgntrþomnds rgsubtdsg mosuhmnmgotg pdrd bd prgsgotdnmþo
kg bcs gsnrmtcs c kcnu`gotcs, sg kgigrä prgsgotdr go scpcrtg gbgntrþomnc go bd chmnmod jukmnmdb gsg kàd c
gb kàd smfumgotg aäimb, juotc nco gb justmhmndotg gxpgkmkc pcr gb sgrvmkcr kg adigr motgotdkc bd prgsgotd-
nmþo smo íxmtc. Go gstcs ndscs, sg gotrgfdrä rgnmic kg su rgngpnmþo.
^mo pgrjumnmc kg bc dotgrmcr, bcs gsnrmtcs y kcnu`gotcs sg prgsgotdräo go scpcrtg pdpgb nudokc bcs
motgrgsdkcs oc gstío cibmfdkcs d utmbmzdr bcs `gkmcs tgbg`ätmncs y oc auimgrdo cptdkc pcr gbbc, nudokc
oc sgdo susngptmibgs kg ncovgrsmþo go hcr`dtc gbgntrþomnc y go bcs kg`äs supugstcs prgvmstcs go bds
bgygs. Gstcs kcnu`gotcs, dsà nc`c bcs mostru`gotcs c ghgntcs qug sg dnc`pdôgo qugkdräo kgpcsmtdkcs
y nustckmdkcs go gb drnamvc, kg fgstmþo c kghmomtmvc, kg bd chmnmod jukmnmdb, d kmspcsmnmþo kg bds pdrtgs,
dsmfoäokcsgbgs uo oú`grc kg crkgo, y kgjdokc ncostdonmd go gb gxpgkmgotg jukmnmdb gbgntrþomnc kg su
gxmstgonmd.
Go ndsc kg prgsgotdnmþo kg gsnrmtcs y kcnu`gotcs go scpcrtg pdpgb, gb huonmcodrmc kgsmfodkc pdrd gbbc
gstd`pdrä go bcs gsnrmtcs kg momnmdnmþo kgb prcngkm`mgotc y kg nudbgsqumgrd ctrcs nuyd prgsgotdnmþo

495   gkmtcrmdb ngp

   }        
 Bcs dntcs prcngsdbgs

gstí sujgtd d pbdzc pgrgotcrmc gb ncrrgspcokmgotg sgbbc go gb qug sg adrä ncostdr bd chmnmod jukmnmdb dotg
bd qug sg prgsgotd y gb kàd y acrd kg bd prgsgotdnmþo.
Bd prgsgotdnmþo kg gsnrmtcs y kcnu`gotcs, nudbqumgrd qug hugrd bd hcr`d, sm gstuvmgrg sujgtd d pbdzc,
pckrä ghgntudrsg adstd bds qumong acrds kgb kàd aäimb smfumgotg db kgb vgonm`mgotc kgb pbdzc.
Go bds dntudnmcogs dotg bcs trmiuodbgs nmvmbgs, oc sg dk`mtmrä bd prgsgotdnmþo kg gsnrmtcs go gb juzfdkc
qug prgstg gb sgrvmnmc kg fudrkmd.
Hmodb`gotg y nc`c vm`cs, rmfg gb prmonmpmc kg prgnbusmþo< kg sugrtg qug trdosnurrmkc gb pbdzc c pdsdkc
gb tír`moc sgôdbdkc pdrd bd rgdbmzdnmþo kg uo dntc prcngsdb kg pdrtg sg prckunmrä bd prgnbusmþo y sg
pgrkgrä bd cpcrtuomkdk kg rgdbmzdr gb dntc kg qug sg trdtg. Gb Bgtrdkc kg bd Dk`momstrdnmþo kg Justmnmd
kgjdrä ncostdonmd kgb trdosnursc kgb pbdzc pcr `gkmc kg kmbmfgonmd y dncrkdrä bc qug prcngkd c kdrä
nugotd db trmiuodb d hmo kg qug kmntg
k mntg bd rgscbunmþo qug ncrrgspcokd.

9.> n) Hcr`d (ncosmkgrdnmþo kg bd bgofud chmnmdb)

D. Crdbmkdk y gsnrmturd
Go ougstrc crkgod`mgotc juràkmnc gs pgrhgntd`gotg väbmkc qug bcs dntcs prcngsdbgs tgofdo hcr`d crdb
c gsnrmtd, sm imgo nc`c rgfbd fgogrdb sg kmspcog go gb drtànubc 495.9 kg bd NG qug gb prcngkm`mgotc sgrä
prgkc`modotg`gotg crdb, scirg tckc go `dtgrmd nrm`modb.
Hrutc kg gstd gxmfgonmd ncostmtunmcodb go gb ä`imtc kgb prcngsc nmvmb gs bd nrgdnmþo kg bd dukmgonmd
prgvmd go bd BGN go gb prcngsc crkmodrmc y bd ncongotrdnmþo kg dntcs prcngsdbgs kurdotg bd vmstd go gb
 jumnmc vgridb.
Bc qug sg prgtgokg pcr tdotc gs qug tckcs dqugbbcs dntcs qug supcogo gb oúnbgc ngotrdb kgb prcngsc
tgofdo hcr`d crdb, pdrd dsà pckgr ncongotrdrbcs go uod vmstd y qug sg rgdbmngo kg hcr`d ogngsdrmd dotg
bd prgsgonmd jukmnmdb.

I. Bd puibmnmkdk
Xdbg dquà bc kmnac go gb gpàfrdhg 4, nudokc trdtd`cs bd puibmnmkdk nc`c prmonmpmc.

N. Ncosmkgrdnmþo kg bd bgofud chmnmdb

chmnmdb
Udrtmgokc kgb rgncocnm`mgotc kgb ndstgbbdoc nc`c bd bgofud chmnmdb kgb Gstdkc go gb drtànubc >.4 kg bd
NG, kgig`cs dtgokgr dquà:
- Db ncotgomkc kgb drtànubc 9>4 BCUJ sgfúo gb nudb:
Go tckds bds dntudnmcogs jukmnmdbgs, bcs Jugngs,
Jugngs, @dfmstrdkcs, Hmsndbgs, Bgtrdkcs kg bd Dk`momstrdnmþo
kg Justmnmd y kg`äs huonmcodrmcs kg juzfdkcs y [rmiuodbgs usdräo gb ndstgbbdoc, bgofud chmnmdb kgb
Gstdkc.
Bcs Jugngs,
Jugngs, @dfmstrdkcs, Hmsndbgs,
Hmsndbgs, Bgtrdkcs kg bd Dk`momstrdnmþo kg Justmnmd y kg`äs huonmcodrmcs
kg Juzfdkcs y [rmiuodbgs pckräo usdr td`imío bd bgofud chmnmdb prcpmd kg bd Nc`uomkdk Dutþ-
oc`d, sm omofuod kg bds pdrtgs sg cpusmgrg, dbgfdokc kgsncocnm`mgotc kg gbbd qug pukmgrg prckunmr
mokghgosmþo.
Bds pdrtgs, sus rgprgsgotdotgs y qumgogs
qumgogs bgs
bgs kmrmjdo, dsà nc`c bcs tgstmfcs y pgrmtcs,
pgrmtcs, pckräo utmbmzdr
bd bgofud qug sgd td`imío chmnmdb go bd Nc`uomkdk Dutþoc`d go nuyc tgrrmtcrmc tgofdo bufdr bds
dntudnmcogs jukmnmdbgs, tdotc go `domhgstdnmcogs crdbgs nc`c gsnrmtds.
Bds dntudnmcogs jukmnmdbgs rgdbmzdkds y bcs kcnu`gotcs prgsgotdkcs go gb mkmc`d chmnmdb kg uod
Nc`uomkdk Dutþoc`d tgokräo, smo ogngsmkdk kg trdkunnmþo db ndstgbbdoc, pbgod vdbmkgz y ghmndnmd.

gkmtcrmdb ngp
   }         494
Urcngkm`mgotcs Jukmnmdbgs. D) Ocr`ds Nc`uogs d tckcs bcs Urcngkm`mgotcs Nmvmbgs. [g`d 95

Kg chmnmc sg prcngkgrä d su trdkunnmþo nudokc kgido surtmr ghgntc hugrd kg bd jurmskmnnmþo kg bcs
þrfdocs jukmnmdbgs smtcs go bd Nc`uomkdk Dutþoc`d, sdbvc sm sg trdtd kg Nc`uomkdkgs Dutþoc`ds
nco bgofud chmnmdb prcpmd ncmonmkgotg. [d`imío sg prcngkgrä d su trdkunnmþo nudokc dsà bc kmspco-
fdo bds bgygs c d mostdonmd kg pdrtg qug dbgfug mokghgosmþo.
Bd adimbmtdnmþo
adimbmtdnmþo nc`c
nc`c motírprgtg
motírprgtg go bds dntudnmcogs
dntudnmcogs crdbgs
crdbgs c go bgofud
bgofud kg smfocs sg rgdbmzdrä kg
ncohcr`mkdk nco bc kmspugstc
k mspugstc go bd bgy prcngsdb dpbmndibg.
- Drtànubc 9>7 ims BCUJ:
^mo pgrjumnmc
pgrjumnmc kg bc gstdibgnmkc go gb pärrdhc 9º kgb drtànubc 9>8 qumoqumgs.
qumoqumgs. 4 (d prcpþsmtc kg bd suprg-
smþo kg bcs kdtcs pgrscodbgs), y kg bds rgstrmnnmcogs qug, go su ndsc, pukmgrdo gstdibgngrsg go bds
bgygs prcngsdbgs, gb dnngsc db tgxtc kg bds sgotgonmds, c d kgtgr`modkcs gxtrg`cs kg bds `ms`ds, c d
ctrds rgscbunmcogs kmntdkds go gb sgoc kgb prcngsc, sþbc pckrä bbgvdrsg d ndic prgvmd kmscnmdnmþo kg
bcs kdtcs kg ndräntgr pgrscodb qug bcs `ms`cs ncotuvmgrdo y nco pbgoc rgspgtc db kgrgnac d bd motm-
`mkdk, d bcs kgrgnacs kg bds pgrscods qug rgqumgrdo uo gspgnmdb kgigr kg tutgbd c d bd fdrdotàd kgb
docom`dtc kg bds vàntm`ds c pgrjukmndkcs, nudokc prcngkd.
Go tckc ndsc sg dkcptdräo bds `gkmkds ogngsdrmds
ogngsdrmds pdrd gvmtdr qug
qug bds
bds sgotgonmds y gb rgstc kg rgscbu-
nmcogs kmntdkds go gb sgoc kgb prcngsc pugkdo sgr usdkds nco hmogs ncotrdrmcs d bds bgygs.
- Drtànubc 9>7 tgr BCUJ
Gs púibmnc
púibmnc gb dnngsc d bcs kdtcs pgrscodbgs ncotgomkcs go bcs hdbbcs
hdbbcs kg bds sgotgonmds
sgotgonmds hmr`gs
hmr`gs ncokgod-
tcrmds, nudokc sg auimgrgo kmntdkc go vmrtuk kg bcs kgbmtcs prgvmstcs go bcs smfumgotgs drtànubcs (go
`dtgrmd kg hrdukg hmsndb):
d) Bcs drtànubcs >57, >57 ims y >58 kg bd BC 45/4==7, kg 9> kg ocvmg`irg, kgb NU.
 i) Bcs drtànubcs 976 y 971 kg bd BC 45/4==7, kg 9> kg ocvmg`irg,
ocvmg`irg, kgb NU, nudokc gb dnrggkcr kghrdu-
kdkc auimgsg smkc bd Adnmgokd Uúibmnd.
n) Gb drtànubc 9 kg bd
bd BC 49/4==7, kg 49 kg kmnmg`irg, kg Ygprgsmþo
Ygprgsmþo kgb Ncotrdidokc, smg`prg qug
qug
gxmstd uo pgrjumnmc pdrd bd Adnmgokd Uúibmnd gstdtdb c kg bd Womþo Gurcpgd.
Go bcs ndscs prgvmstcs go gbgb dpdrtdkc
dpdrtdkc dotgrmcr, gb Bgtrdkc kg bd Dk`momstrdnmþo
Dk`momstrdnmþo kg Justmnmd, g`mtmrä
ngrtmhmndkc go gb qug sg adräo ncostdr bcs smfumgotgs kdtcs:
d) Bcs qug pgr`mtdo bd mkgotmhmndnmþo kgb prcngsc jukmnmdb.
 i) Oc`irg y dpgbbmkcs c kgoc`modnmþo scnmdb kgb ncokgodkc y, go su ndsc, kgb rgspcosdibg nmvmb.
nmvmb.
n) Kgbmtc pcr gb qug sg bg auimgrd ncokgodkc.
k) Bds pgods m`pugstds.
g) Bd nudotàd ncrrgspcokmgotg db pgrjumnmc
pgrjumnmc ndusdkc d bd Adnmgokd Uúibmnd pcr
pcr tckcs bcs ncongptcs,
sgfúo bc gstdibgnmkc go bd sgotgonmd.
@gkmdotg kmbmfgonmd kg crkgodnmþo gb Bgtrdkc kg bd Dk`momstrdnmþo kg Justmnmd crkgodrä su puibmnd-
nmþo go gb ‒ICG‐.
Bc kmspugstc go gstg drtànubc oc sgrä kg dpbmndnmþo go gb ndsc kg qug gb ncokgodkc c, go su ndsc,
gb rgspcosdibg nmvmb, auimgrd sdtmshgnac c ncosmfodkc go bd nugotd kg kgpþsmtcs y ncosmfodnmcogs
kgb þrfdoc jukmnmdb nc`pgtgotg bd tctdbmkdk kg bd nudotàd ncrrgspcokmgotg db pgrjumnmc ndusdkc d bd
Adnmgokd Uúibmnd pcr tckcs bcs ncongptcs, nco dotgrmcrmkdk d bd hmr`gzd kg bd sgotgonmd.
- ] db drtànubc
drtànubc 4;9 kg bd BGN qug rghgrmkc d bd bgofud
bgofud chmnmdb kmspcog qug:

499   gkmtcrmdb ngp

   }        
 Bcs dntcs prcngsdbgs

Go tckds bds dntudnmcogs jukmnmdbgs, bcs Jugngs,

Jugngs, @dfmstrdkcs, Hmsndbgs, Bgtrdkcs kg bd Dk`momstrdnmþo
kg Justmnmd y kg`äs huonmcodrmcs kg Juzfdkcs y [rmiuodbgs usdräo gb ndstgbbdoc, bgofud chmnmdb kgb
Gstdkc.
Bcs Jugngs,
Jugngs, @dfmstrdkcs, Bgtrdkcs
Bgtrdkcs kg bd Dk`momstrdnmþo kg Justmnmd, Hmsndbgs y kg`äs huonmcodrmcs
huonmcodrmcs
kg Juzfdkcs y [rmiuodbgs pckräo usdr td`imío bd bgofud chmnmdb prcpmd kg bd Nc`uomkdk Dutþ-
oc`d, sm omofuod kg bds pdrtgs sg cpusmgrg, dbgfdokc kgsncocnm`mgotc kg gbbd qug pukmgrg prckunmr
mokghgosmþo.
Bds pdrtgs, sus Urcnurdkcrgs y Dicfdkcs, dsà nc`c bcs tgstmfcs y pgrmtcs, pckräo utmbmzdr
utmbmzdr bd bgofud
qug sgd td`imío chmnmdb go bd Nc`uomkdk Dutþoc`d go nuyc tgrrmtcrmc tgofdo bufdr bds dntudnmcogs
 jukmnmdbgs, tdotc go `domhgstdnmcogs crdbgs nc`c
nc`c gsnrmtds.
Bds dntudnmcogs jukmnmdbgs rgdbmzdkds y bcs kcnu`gotcs prgsgotdkcs go gb mkmc`d chmnmdb kg uod
Nc`uomkdk Dutþoc`d tgokräo, smo ogngsmkdk kg trdkunnmþo db ndstgbbdoc, pbgod vdbmkgz y ghmndnmd,
pgrc sg prcngkgrä kg chmnmc d su trdkunnmþo nudokc kgido surtmr ghgntc hugrd kg bd jurmskmnnmþo kg bcs
þrfdocs jukmnmdbgs smtcs go bd Nc`uomkdk Dutþoc`d, sdbvc sm sg trdtd kg Nc`uomkdkgs Dutþoc`ds
nco bgofud chmnmdb prcpmd ncmonmkgotg. [d`imío sg prcngkgrä d su trdkunnmþo nudokc dsà bc kmspco-
fdo bds bgygs c d mostdonmd kg pdrtg qug dbgfug mokghgosmþo.
Go bds dntudnmcogs crdbgs, gb trmiuodb pcr
pcr `gkmc kg prcvmkgonmd
prcvmkgonmd pckrä adimbmtdr nc`c motírprgtg d
nudbqumgr pgrscod ncocngkcrd kg bd bgofud g`pbgdkd, prgvmc jurd`gotc c prc`gsd kg hmgb trdkun-
nmþo.
Urgnmsg`cs dkg`äs qug sgfúo gb [rmiuodb Ncostmtunmcodb, go rgbdnmþo nco gb nmtdkc drtànubc 9>4 kg bd
BCUJ, ad kgnbdrdkc qug kmnac drtànubc oc m`pmkg qug Jugngs y @dfmstrdkcs pugkdo y kgido crkgodr
bd trdkunnmþo pdrd nu`pbmr bd huonmþo jurmskmnnmcodb kg prcpmnmdr bd tutgbd jukmnmdb ghgntmvd (ncohcr`g db
drtànubc 9; kg bd NG).
Dôdkmrg`cs pcr úbtm`c pdrd nc`pbgtdr gstg gxd`go, bc kmspugstc go bd BGN rgspgntc kg:
- Bd motgrvgonmþo kg motírprgtgs:
Nudokc dbfuod pgrscod qug oc ncocznd gb ndstgbbdoc om, go su ndsc, bd bgofud chmnmdb prcpmd
prcpmd kg bd
Nc`uomkdk auimgsg kg sgr motgrrcfdkd c prgstdr dbfuod kgnbdrdnmþo, c nudokc hugrg prgnmsc kdrbg
d ncocngr pgrscodb`gotg dbfuod rgscbunmþo, gb Bgtrdkc kg bd Dk`momstrdnmþo kg Justmnmd pcr `gkmc
kg kgnrgtc pckrä adimbmtdr nc`c motírprgtg d nudbqumgr pgrscod ncocngkcrd kg bd bgofud kg qug sg
trdtg, gxmfmíokcsgbg jurd`gotc c prc`gsd kg hmgb trdkunnmþo.
^mo pgrjumnmc
pgrjumnmc kg bc dotgrmcr, sg fdrdotmzdrä go tckc ndsc bd prgstdnmþo
prgstdnmþo kg bcs sgrvmnmcs
sgrvmnmcs kg motgrprgtd-
nmþo go bcs bmtmfmcs trdoshrcotgrmzcs d dqugbbd pgrscod qug oc ncocznd gb ndstgbbdoc om, go su ndsc, bd
bgofud chmnmdb prcpmd kg bd Nc`uomkdk Dutþoc`d, go bcs tír`mocs gstdibgnmkcs go bd Bgy 4/4==8, kg
45 kg gogrc, rgfubdkcrd kg bd Dsmstgonmd Juràkmnd Frdtumtd.
Kg bds dntudnmcogs qug go gstcs ndscs sg prdntmqugo sg bgvdotdrä dntd, go bd qug
qug ncostdräo bcs tgxtcs
go gb mkmc`d crmfmodb y su
s u trdkunnmþo db mkmc`d chmnmdb, y qug sgrä hmr`dkd td`imío pcr gb motírprgtg.
Go bcs `ms`cs ndscs, sm bd pgrscod hugrg
hugrg scrkd, sg oc`irdrä smg`prg, ncohcr`g d bc qug
qug sg kmspcog
go gb gxprgsdkc dpdrtdkc, db motírprgtg kg bgofud kg smfocs dkgnudkc.
Kg bds dntudnmcogs qug
qug sg prdntmqugo go rgbdnmþo
rgbdnmþo nco bds pgrscods scrkds sg bgvdotdrä bd cpcrtuod
dntd.
- Bcs kcnu`gotcs rgkdntdkcs go mkmc`d oc chmnmdb:
D tckc kcnu`gotc rgkdntdkc go mkmc`d qug oc sgd gb ndstgbbdoc c, go su ndsc, bd bgofud chmnmdb
prcpmd kg bd Nc`uomkdk Dutþoc`d kg qug sg trdtg, sg dnc`pdôdrä bd trdkunnmþo kgb `ms`c.

gkmtcrmdb ngp
   }         49>
Urcngkm`mgotcs Jukmnmdbgs. D) Ocr`ds Nc`uogs d tckcs bcs Urcngkm`mgotcs Nmvmbgs. [g`d 95

Kmnad trdkunnmþo pckrä sgr agnad prmvdkd`gotg y, go tdb

Dtgonmþo ndsc, sm dbfuod kg bds pdrtgs bd m`pufodrg kgotrc kg bcs
^m bd trdkunnmþo chmnmdb rgdbm-
nmonc kàds smfumgotgs kgskg gb trdsbdkc, `domhgstdokc qug oc
zdkd d mostdonmd kg pdrtg bd tmgog pcr hmgb y gxdntd y gxprgsdokc bds rdzcogs kg bd
rgsubtdrd sgr sustdonmdb`gotg kmsnrgpdonmd, gb Bgtrdkc kg bd Dk`momstrdnmþo kg Justmnmd
mkíotmnd d bd prmvdkd, bcs crkgodrä, rgspgntc kg bd pdrtg qug gxmstd kmsnrgpdonmd, bd
fdstcs kgrmvdkcs kg dquíbbd trdkunnmþo chmnmdb kgb kcnu`gotc, d ncstd kg qumgo bc
ncrrgräo d ndrfc kg qumgo bd auimgsg prgsgotdkc.
scbmnmtþ.
>. KGHGN[C^ KG BC^ DN[C^: OWBMKDK,
DOWBDIMBMKDK, MYYGFWBDYMKDK<
^WI^DODNMÞO KG KGHGN[C^
Gb rífm`go kg bd BGN gs ncmonmkgotg nco gb kg bd BCUJ, pukmío-
kcsg smstg`dtmzdr kg bd smfumgotg `dogrd:

>.4 Oubmkdk kg pbgoc kgrgnac

D. Ndusds kg oubmkdk kg pbgoc kgrgnac
kgrgnac kg
bcs dntcs prcngsdbgs
Ncohcr`g db drtànubc 997 kg bd BGN, bcs dntcs prcngsdbgs sgräo
oubcs kg pbgoc kgrgnac go bcs ndscs smfumgotgs:
4.º Nudokc sg prckuzndo pcr c dotg [rmiuodb nco hdbtd kg jurms-
kmnnmþo c kg nc`pgtgonmd cijgtmvd c huonmcodb.
9.º Nudokc sg rgdbmngo idjc vmcbgonmd c motm`mkdnmþo.
>.º Nudokc sg prgsnmokd kg ocr`ds gsgonmdbgs kgb prcngkm-
`mgotc, smg`prg qug, pcr gsd ndusd, adyd pckmkc prckunmrsg
mokghgosmþo.
;.º Nudokc sg rgdbmngo smo motgrvgonmþo kg dicfdkc, go bcs
ndscs go qug bd bgy bd gstdibgznd nc`c cibmfdtcrmd.
7.º Nudokc sg ngbgirgo vmstds smo bd prgngptmvd motgrvgonmþo kgb
Bgtrdkc kg bd Dk`momstrdnmþo kg Justmnmd.
8.º Nudokc sg rgscbvmgrdo `gkmdotg kmbmfgonmds kg crkgodnmþo
c kgnrgtc nugstmcogs qug, ncohcr`g d bd bgy, adydo kg sgr
rgsugbtds pcr `gkmc kg prcvmkgonmd, dutc c sgotgonmd.
6.º Go bcs kg`äs ndscs go qug bd BGN dsà bc gstdibgznd.

I. Ndungs c vàds pdrd adngr vdbgr bd oubmkdk

kg pbgoc kgrgnac
4º. Kg chmnmc: Bcs trmiuodbgs nuyd dntudnmþo sg auimgrg prcku-
nmkc nco motm`mkdnmþo c vmcbgonmd, tdo bugfc nc`c sg vgdo
bmirgs kg gbbd, kgnbdrdräo oubc tckc bc prdntmndkc y prc`cvg-
räo bd hcr`dnmþo kg ndusd ncotrd bcs nubpdibgs, pcomgokc bcs
agnacs go ncocnm`mgotc kgb @H.

49;   gkmtcrmdb ngp

   }        
 Bcs dntcs prcngsdbgs

9º. Kg chmnmc c d mostdonmd kg pdrtg: sm sg dnrgkmtd qug sg prckujgrco idjc motm`mkdnmþo c vmcbgonmd. Bd
oubmkdk kg gstcs dntcs gotrdôdrä bd kg tckcs bcs kg`äs rgbdnmcodkcs nco íb c qug pukmgrgo adigrsg
vmstc ncokmnmcodkcs c mohbumkcs sustdonmdb`gotg pcr gb dntc oubc.
>º. Ucr `gkmc kg `gkmc kg bcs rgnurscs gstdibgnmkcs go bd bgy ncotrd bd rgscbunmþo kg qug sg trdtg.
Go omofúo ndsc pckrä gb trmiuodb, nco cndsmþo kg uo rgnursc, kgnrgtdr kg chmnmc uod oubmkdk kg bds
dntudnmcogs qug oc adyd smkc scbmnmtdkd go kmnac rgnursc, sdbvc qug dprgnmdrg hdbtd kg jurmskmnnmþo c
kg nc`pgtgonmd cijgtmvd c huonmcodb c sg auimgsg prckunmkc vmcbgonmd c motm`mkdnmþo qug dhgntdrg d
gsg trmiuodb.
;º ‒Dotg sgotgotmd`‐:
sgotgotmd`‐: Gb trmiuodb pckrä, kg chmnmc c d mostdonmd kg pdrtg, dotgs kg qug auimgrg rgndàkc
rgscbunmþo qug pcofd hmo db prcngsc, y smg`prg qug oc prcngkd bd suisdodnmþo, kgnbdrdr, prgvmd
dukmgonmd kg bds pdrtgs, bd oubmkdk kg tckds bds dntudnmcogs c kg dbfuod go pdrtmnubdr.
7º Ucr vàd kgb ‒monmkgotg gxngpnmcodb
gxngpnmcodb kg oubmkdk kg dntudnmcogs‐
dntudnmcogs‐ kgb drtànubc 991 kg bd BGN:
- Oc sg dk`mtmräo nco ndräntgr fgogrdb
fgogrdb monmkgotgs
monmkgotgs kg oubmkdk kg dntudnmcogs.
dntudnmcogs.
- Gxngpnmcodb`gotg, qumgogs sgdo pdrtg bgfàtm`d c auimgrdo kgimkc
kgimkc sgrbc pckräo pgkmr pcr gsnrmtc
qug sg kgnbdrg bd oubmkdk kg dntudnmcogs huokdkd go nudbqumgr vubogrdnmþo kg uo kgrgnac huokd-
`gotdb kg bcs rghgrmkcs go gb drtànubc 7>.9 kg bd Ncostmtunmþo (kgrgnac d bd mfudbkdk kgb drt. 4;, y
kgrgnacs huokd`gotdbgs y bmigrtdkgs púibmnds kg bd ^gn. 4ª kgb Ndp. MM kgb [àt. M), smg`prg qug:
¶ oc adyd pckmkc kgouonmdrsg dotgs kg rgndgr rgscbunmþo
rgscbunmþo qug pcofd hmo
hmo db prcngsc y
¶ smg`prg qug
qug kmnad
kmnad rgscbunmþo oc sgd susngptmibg kg rgnursc crkmodrmc om gxtrdcrkmodrmc.
- ^grä nc`pgtgotg gb `ms`c [rmiuodb qug kmntþ bd rgscbunmþo qug auimgrg dkqumrmkc
dkqumrmkc hmr`gzd.
- Gb pbdzc pdrd pgkmr bd oubmkdk sgrä kg 95 kàds, kgskg bd octmhmndnmþo kg bd rgscbunmþo c, go tckc
ndsc, kgskg qug sg tuvc ncocnm`mgotc kgb kghgntc ndusdotg kg mokghgosmþo, smo qug, go gstg
úbtm`c ndsc, pugkd scbmnmtdrsg bd oubmkdk kg dntudnmcogs kgspuís kg trdosnurrmkcs 7 dôcs kgskg
bd octmhmndnmþo kg bd rgscbunmþo.
- Gb [rmiuodb modk`mtmrä d trä`mtg, `gkmdotg prcvmkgonmd sunmotd`gotg
sunmotd`gotg `ctmvdkd, nudbqumgr monm-
kgotg go gb qug sg prgtgokd susnmtdr ctrds nugstmcogs. Ncotrd bd rgscbunmþo pcr bd qug sg modk`mtd
d trä`mtg gb monmkgotg oc ndirä rgnursc dbfuoc.
- Dk`mtmkc d trä`mtg gb gsnrmtc go qug sg pmkd
pmkd bd oubmkdk,
oubmkdk, oc qugkdrä go suspgosc bd gjgnunmþo
y ghmndnmd kg bd sgotgonmd c rgscbunmþo mrrgnurrmibgs, sdbvc qug sg dnugrkg kg hcr`d gxprgsd bd
suspgosmþo pdrd gvmtdr qug gb monmkgotg pukmgrd pgrkgr su hmodbmkdk,
- Ucr gb Bgtrdkc kg bd
bd Dk`momstrdnmþo kg Justmnmd sg kdrä trdsbdkc kg kmnac gsnrmtc, juotc nco ncpmd
kg bcs kcnu`gotcs qug sg dnc`pdôdsgo, go su ndsc, pdrd dnrgkmtdr gb vmnmc c kghgntc go qug bd
pgtmnmþo sg huokg, d bds kg`äs pdrtgs, qug go gb pbdzc nc`úo kg 7 kàds pckräo hcr`ubdr pcr
gsnrmtc sus dbgfdnmcogs, d bds qug dnc`pdôdräo bcs kcnu`gotcs qug sg gstm`go pgrtmogotgs.
- ^m sg gstm`drd bd oubmkdk, sg rgpcokräo bds dntudnmcogs db gstdkc mo`gkmdtd`gotg dotgrmcr db
kghgntc qug bd adyd crmfmodkc y sg sgfumrä gb prcngkm`mgotc bgfdb`gotg gstdibgnmkc.
- ^m sg kgsgstm`drd
kgsgstm`drd bd scbmnmtuk
scbmnmtuk kg oubmkdk,
oubmkdk, sg ncokgodrä, pcr `gkmc kg dutc, db scbmnmtdotg
scbmnmtdotg go tckds
bds ncstds kgb monmkgotg y, go ndsc kg qug gb [rmiuodb gotmgokd qug sg prc`cvmþ nco tg`grmkdk, bg
m`pcokrä, dkg`äs, uod `ubtd kg ocvgotd d sgmsnmgotcs gurcs.
- Ncotrd bd rgscbunmþo qug
qug rgsugbvd
rgsugbvd gb monmkgotg oc ndirä rgnursc dbfuoc.
8º. Ucr vàd kg d`pdrc ncostmtunmcodb

gkmtcrmdb ngp
   }         497
Urcngkm`mgotcs Jukmnmdbgs. D) Ocr`ds Nc`uogs d tckcs bcs Urcngkm`mgotcs Nmvmbgs. [g`d 95

>.9 Doubdimbmkdk
Go `dtgrmd kg doubdimbmkdk, kgig`cs kg pdrtmr kgb prmonmpmc kg ‒ncosgrvdnmþo kg bcs dntcs prcngsd-
bgs‐< kcokg nco mkíotmnc ncotgomkc tgog`cs go prm`gr tír`moc, bcs drtànubcs 9;>.4 BCUJ y 9>5 BGN qug
kgtgr`modo qug bd oubmkdk kg uo dntc oc m`pbmndrä bd kg bcs sungsmvcs qug hugrgo mokgpgokmgotgs kg
dquíb om bd kg dquíbbcs nuyc ncotgomkc auimgsg pgr`dognmkc movdrmdkc dúo smo adigrsg nc`gtmkc bd
mohrdnnmþo qug kmc bufdr d bd oubmkdk.
^cirg bd idsg kg gstg prmonmpmc, gb rífm`go kg doubdimbmkdk kg bcs dntcs prcngsdbgs sg nc`pbgtd nco gb
drtànubc 9;>.9 kg bd BCUJ sgfúo gb nudb, bd oubmkdk pdrnmdb kg uo dntc oc m`pbmndrä bd kg bds pdrtgs kgb
`ms`c mokgpgokmgotgs kg bd kgnbdrdkd oubd.

>.> Mrrgfubdrmkdk kg
kg bcs dntcs prcngsdbgs
Bds dntudnmcogs jukmnmdbgs rgdbmzdkds hugrd kgb tmg`pc gstdibgnmkc sþbc pckräo doubdrsg sm bc m`pusmgrg
bd odturdbgzd kgb tír`moc c pbdzc.

>.; ^uisdodnmþo kg kghgntcs

Gb [rmiuodb y gb Bgtrdkc kg bd Dk`momstrdnmþo kg Justmnmd numkdräo kg qug pugkdo sgr suisdodkcs bcs
kghgntcs go qug monurrdo bcs dntcs prcngsdbgs kg bds pdrtgs, smg`prg qug go kmnacs dntcs sg auimgsg
`domhgstdkc bd vcbuotdk kg nu`pbmr bcs rgqumsmtcs gxmfmkcs pcr bd bgy.
Bcs dntcs kg bds pdrtgs qug ndrgzndo kg bcs rgqumsmtcs gxmfmkcs pcr bd bgy sgräo suisdodibgs go bcs ndscs,
ncokmnmcogs y pbdzcs prgvmstcs go bds bgygs prcngsdbgs.

498   gkmtcrmdb ngp

   }