Article

SOME INEQUALITIES USING GENERALIZED

CONVEX FUNCTIONS IN QUANTUM ANALYSIS
Miguel J. Vivas-Cortez 1,‡ * 0000-0002-1567-0264, Artion Kashuri 2,‡ 0000-0003-0115-3079 ,
Rozana Liko 3,‡ 0000-0003-2439-8538 and Jorge E. Hernández Hernández 4,‡
0000-0002-4406-5469
1 Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Escuela de Físicasy
Matemáticas, Av. 12 de Octubre 1076. Apartado: 17-01-2184 Quito-Ecuador; mjvivas@puce.edu.ec
2 Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Technical Science, University Ismail Qemali, Vlora, Albania;
artionkashuri@gmail.com
3 Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Technical Science, University Ismail Qemali, Vlora, Albania;
rozanaliko86@gmail.com
4 Universidad Centroccidental Lisandro Alvarado, Decanato de Ciencias Económicas y Empresariales, Av. 20.
esq. Av. Moran, Edf. Los Militares, Piso 2, Ofc.2, ZP: 3001, Barquisimeto, Venezuela;
jorgehernandez@ucla.edu.ve
* Correspondence: mjvivas@puce.edu.ec
‡ These authors contributed equally to this work.

Version October 15, 2019 submitted to Symmetry

1 Abstract: In the present work the Hermite-Hadamard inequality is established in the setting of
2 quantum calculus for a generalized class of convex functions depending on three parameters: a
3 number in (0, 1] and two arbitrary real functions defined on [0, 1]. From the proven results, various
4 inequalities of the same type are deduced for other types of generalized convex functions. Also,
5 the definition of dominated convex functions respect to the generalized class of convex functions
6 aforementioned is introduced, and some integral inequalities are established.

7 Keywords: Integral inequalities; (m, h1 , h2 )−convex functions; Dominated convexity; quantum

8 calculus.

9 MSC: Primary 26A51; 26D15; 32F17; Secondary 81Q99.

10 1. Introduction
11 The quantum calculus was initiated by Euler in the eighteenth century (1707-1783), also it is
12 known as calculus with no limits. In 1910, it was presented a systematic study of q-calculus by F. H.
13 Jackson [19], in which it was introduced the definition of q−integral. The studies made by T. Ernst in
14 [13,14], H. Gauchman in [15], V. Kac in [20], and recently by M.E.H. Ismail [17,18] have enriched some
15 branches of Mathematics and Physics.
16 The Hermite-Hadamard inequality provides a lower and an upper estimations for the integral
17 average of any convex function defined on a compact interval, involving the midpoint and the
18 endpoints of the domain. More precisely:
Hermite-Hadamard inequality. Let f : I ⊂ R → R be a convex and integrable function on an interval
I. Then the following inequality holds
  Z b
a+b 1 f ( a) + f (b)
f ≤ f ( x )dx ≤ (1)
2 b−a a 2

19 for all a, b ∈ I.

Submitted to Symmetry, pages 1 – 15 www.mdpi.com/journal/symmetry

 Version October 15, 2019 submitted to Symmetry 2 of 15

20 Due to modern analysis involves the applications of convexity, this concept has been extended and
21 generalized in several directions. Various types of generalized convexity have appeared in different
22 research works, some of them modify the domain or range of the function, always maintaining the
23 basic structure of a convex function. Among them are: m−convexity [5,27], s−convexity in the first
24 and second sense [2,3], P−convexity [1], (s, m) − convexity in the first and second sense [5,23,31],
25 MT −convexity [21] , tgs− convexity [30] and others. In particular, it is of interest to this work
26 the types of generalized convexity called (m, h1 , h2 )−convexity [29] and convexity dominated by a
27 (m, h1 , h2 )−convex function g.
28 In recent years there have been published several works that relate the concepts of q−calculus
29 with those of generalized convexity, and oriented towards the area of inequalities, in particular the
30 quantum Hermite-Hadamard inequality and its variant forms are useful for quantum physics where
31 lower and upper bounds of natural phenomena modelled and described by integrals are frequently
32 required.
33 Following the steps of the excellent works presented by the aforementioned authors the
34 Hermite-Hadamard inequality for (m, h1 , h2 )− convex functions are established, the concept of
35 dominated convexity by a (m, h1 , h2 )− convex function g is introduced, and some integral inequalities
36 involve other types of generalized convexity are deduced.

37 2. Preliminaries
38 This section contains the basic information required for the development of this work, and is
39 divided into two subsections so that its contents are organized according to the topics addressed in
40 this study.

41 2.1. About q−Calculus

42 The following basics about q−calculus can be found in [20].

Definition 1. Let f be an arbitrary function. Its q−differential is defined as

dq f ( x ) = f (qx ) − f ( x ).

43 In the particular case f ( x ) = x we have dq x = (q − 1) x.

Definition 2. Let f : I → R be a continuous function on an interval I, and x ∈ I. Then the q−derivative of f

in x is given by
dq f ( x ) f (qx ) − f ( x )
Dq f ( x ) = = .
dq x ( q − 1) x

It is said that f is q−differentiable on I if Dq f ( x ) exists for all x ∈ I . Note that

df
lim Dq f ( x ) = (x)
q →1 dx

44 if f is differentiable on I.
The action of q−differentiation is a linear operator. Indeed, if f , g are functions and α, β are
arbitrary constants it follows that

Dq (α f ( x ) + βg( x )) = αDq f ( x ) + βDq g( x ).

Example 1. The q−derivative of f ( x ) = x n , where n is a positive integer is given by

qn x n − x n q n − 1 n −1
Dq f ( x ) = = x
( q − 1) x q−1
 Version October 15, 2019 submitted to Symmetry 3 of 15

using the notation

qn − 1
[n] =
q−1
it can be written
Dq f ( x ) = [ n ] x n − 1 .

Taking limit when q → 1 and using L’Hopital rule it is obtained that

qn − 1
lim = lim nqn−1 = n.
q →1 q − 1 q →1

Proposition 1. Let f , g : I → R be q−differentiable functions then

Dq ( f g)( x ) = f (qx ) Dq g( x ) + g( x ) Dq f ( x ) (2)

or
Dq ( f g)( x ) = g(qx ) Dq f ( x ) + f ( x ) Dq g( x ) (3)

being equivalent expressions, also,

g ( x ) Dq f ( x ) − f ( x ) Dq g ( x )
 
f (x)
Dq = (4)
g( x ) g( x ) g(qx )

or
g(qx ) Dq f ( x ) − f (qx ) Dq g( x )
 
f (x)
Dq = (5)
g( x ) g( x ) g(qx )
45 being equivalent expressions.

46 The chain rule has not a general form but is known the following.

Proposition 2. Let f : I → R be a q−differentiable function and g( x ) = ax + b then

Dq ( f ( g( x )) = Dq f ( g( x )) Dq g( x )

and if g( x ) = αx β it is hold
Dq ( f ( g( x )) = Dq β f ( g( x )) Dq g( x ).

A function F is called a q−antiderivative of f if DqF ( x ) = f ( x ). It is denoted by

Z
f ( x )dq x.

The following is known as the Jackson integral of f ( x )

Z ∞
f ( x ) d q x = (1 − q ) x ∑ q n f ( q n x ).
n =0

47 A rule for a change of variable u( x ) = αx β is known. Suppose that F is a q−antiderivative of f

48 then
Z Z
F (u( x )) = f (u( x ))dq x = Dq ( F (u( x )) dq x
Z  
= Dq β F u ( x ) Dq u ( x ) d q x
Z  
= Dq β F (u( x )) dq u( x )
 Version October 15, 2019 submitted to Symmetry 4 of 15

1/β
choosing q = (q0 ) we have
Z  
F (u( x )) = Dq0 F (u( x )) dq0 1/β u( x ),

similarly if u( x ) = ax + b we obtain
Z  
F (u( x )) = Dq0 F (u( x )) dq u( x ).

Definition 3. Let 0 < a < b. The definite q−integral is defined by

Z b ∞

0
f ( x ) d q ( x ) = (1 − q ) b ∑ qn f (qn b)
n =0

and Z b Z b Z a
f ( x )dq ( x ) = f ( x )dq ( x ) − f ( x ) d q ( x ).
a 0 0

Theorem 1. (The fundamental Theorem of q−calculus) If F ( x ) is a q−antiderivative of f ( x ) and F ( x ) is

continuous in x = 0 then Z b
f ( x )dq ( x ) = F (b) − F ( a)
a
49 where 0 ≤ a ≤ b ≤ ∞.

The q−integration by parts is given by the formula

Z b Z b
f ( x )dq g( x ) = f (b) g(b) − f ( a) g( a) − g(qx )dq f ( x ).
a a

50 2.2. About generalized convexity

51 In this part some definitions about generalized convexity are presented. We start with a definition
52 introduced by Z. Pavic and Z. Ardic in [27].

Definition 4. A function f : [0, ∞) → R is said to be a m−convex function for m ∈ (0, 1] if the following
inequality holds for all a, b ∈ [0, ∞) with a < b,

f (ta + m(1 − t)b) ≤ t f ( a) + m(1 − t) f (b). (6)

Obviously when m = 1 the inequality (6) coincides with the classical convexity. When m = 0 it
becomes in
f (tx ) ≤ t f ( x )

53 and this kind of function is called "starshaped" function.

54 Also, in the works of W.W. Breckner [6] , M. Alomari [2] and E. Set [28] the concept of s−convex
55 functions in the first and second sense were introduced.

Definition 5. A function f : [0, ∞) → R is said to be s−convex in the first sense if

f (tx + (1 − t)y) ≤ ts f ( x ) + (1 − ts ) f (y)

and it is said to be s−convex in the second sense if

f (tx + (1 − t)y) ≤ ts f ( x ) + (1 − t)s f (y),

 Version October 15, 2019 submitted to Symmetry 5 of 15

56 both inequalities holds for all x, y ∈ [0, ∞) and t ∈ [0, 1] and some fixed s ∈ (0, 1] .

57 The definition of s−convex functions in the first sense was introduced by W. Orlicz and used in
58 the theory of Orlicz spaces. [22,26]
Hudzik and Maligranda [16] exposed the following example. Let 0 < s ≤ 1 , a, b, c ∈ R and
(
a if x=0
f (x) =
bx s + c if x>0

59 then

60 1. If b ≥ 0 and c ≤ a the function f is s−convex in the first sense.

61 2. If b ≥ 0 and 0 ≤ c ≤ a the function f is s−convex in the second sense.

62 S.S. Dragomir et. al., in [9], introduced the concept of P−convex functions and A. O. Akdemir in
63 [1] used it for functions of several variables.

Definition 6. Let f : I ⊂ R → R be a non negative function, where I is an interval, is said to be P−convex if

for all x, y ∈ I and t ∈ [0, 1] the function satisfies the following inequality

f (tx + (1 − t)y) ≤ f ( x ) + f (y).

64 As an example the author exposed that f ( x ) = x p , 0 < p ≤ 1 and x ∈ [0, ∞) is a P−convex

65 function.
66 When Definitions 4 and 5 are combined, as shown in the works of Bakula [5] and N. Eftekhari
67 [12] , the following definition is obtained.

Definition 7. The function f : [0, b] → R, with b > 0, is said to be (s, m) −convex in the first sense if f
satisfies
f (tx + m(1 − t)y) ≤ ts f ( x ) + m (1 − ts ) f (y)

and it is (s, m) −convex in the second sense if f satisfies

f (tx + m(1 − t)y) ≤ ts f ( x ) + m (1 − t)s f (y),

68 both inequalities holds for all x, y ∈ [0, b] and t ∈ [0, 1] for some fixed s, m ∈ (0, 1] .

69 M. Tunc et.al. [30] introduced the following definition of generalized convex function.

Definition 8. Let f : I ⊂ R → R be a non-negative function. We say that f is tgs−convex function on I, if

f ((1 − t)u + tv) ≤ t(1 − t) ( f (u) + f (v))

70 for all u, v ∈ I and t ∈ (0, 1) .

71 Also, S.S. Dragomir and N.M. Ionescu, in [8] introduced the so called dominated convexity.

Definition 9. Let g : I ⊂ R → R be a given convex function. The function f : I ⊂ R → R is called g−convex

dominated on I if the inequality

|t f ( x ) + (1 − t) f (y) − f (tx + (1 − t)y)| ≤ tg( x ) + (1 − t) g(y) − g(tx + (1 − t)y)

72 holds for all x, y ∈ I and t ∈ [0, 1] .

 Version October 15, 2019 submitted to Symmetry 6 of 15

73 As S.S. Dragomir established in [8] , the class of g−convex dominated on an interval I is non-empty.
74 Indeed there are concave functions g−convex dominated , for example − g.
75 D-P Shi, B-Y Xi, and F Qi introduced in [29] the class of generalized convex functions called
76 (m, h1 , h2 )−convex functions, and were used by Cristescu G. et. al. in [7].

Definition 10. Let f : [0, ∞) → R be a function , h1 , h2 : [0, 1] → R non negative functions and m ∈ (0, 1] .
Then f is called a (m, h1 , h2 ) −convex function if for all x, y ∈ [0, ∞) and t ∈ [0, 1] the following inequality
holds
f (tx + m(1 − t)y) ≤ h1 (t) f ( x ) + mh2 (t) f (y).

77 In this work it is introduced a new class of generalized convex functions, these will be called
78 g − (m, h1 , h2 ) −convex dominated functions.

Definition 11. Let g : I ⊂ R → R be a given (m, h1 , h2 ) −convex function, where h1 , h2 : [0, 1] → R are
non-negative functions and m ∈ (0, 1] . A function f : [0, ∞) → R is called g − (m, h1 , h2 ) −convex dominated
if for all x, y ∈ [0, ∞) and t ∈ [0, 1] the following inequality holds

|h1 (t) f ( x ) + mh2 (t) f (y) − f (tx + m(1 − t)y)| ≤ h1 (t) g( x ) + mh2 (t) g(y) − g(tx + m(1 − t)y).

79 3. Main Results
80 This section is divided in two subsections, in the first of them it is presented some results about
81 the quantum Hermite-Hadamard inequality for (m, h1 , h2 ) −convex functions and in the second some
82 properties and results about the same inequality for g − (m, h1 , h2 ) −convex dominated functions.

83 3.1. Quantum Hermite-Hadamard inequality for generalized convex functions.

Theorem 2. Let h1 , h2 : [0, 1] → R be two positive functions and m ∈ (0, 1] . Let f : [o, ∞) → R be a
(m, h1 , h2 ) −convex function and a, b ∈ [o, ∞) with a < b. If f is q−integrable on [o, ∞) then

m2
    Z b   Z b/m
a+b 1 1 1
f ≤ h1 f ( u ) d q u + h2 f (u)dq u, (7)
2 2 b−a a 2 b − a a/m

and Z b Z 1 1
 Z
1 b
f (u)dq u ≤ f ( a) h1 ( t ) d q t + m f h2 (t) dq t. (8)
b−a a 0 m 0

Proof. From Definition 10 it follows that

       
x+y 1 1 y
f ≤ h1 f ( x ) + mh2 f .
2 2 2 m

So, choosing
x = ta + (1 − t)b and y = (1 − t) a + tb

we have that

(1 − t) a + tb
       
a+b 1 1
f ≤ h1 f (ta + (1 − t)b ) + mh2 f
2 2 2 m

84 for all t ∈ [0, 1] .

Taking the Jackson integral over t ∈ [0, 1] it follows that

1
 Z  Z 1
a+b 1
f d q t ≤ h1 f (ta + (1 + t)b ) dq t
2 0 2 0
 Version October 15, 2019 submitted to Symmetry 7 of 15

 Z 1 
(1 − t) a + tb

1
+mh2 f dq t.
2 0 m
With the change u(t) = ta + (1 + t)b and v(t) = ((1 − t) a + tb) /m then

m2
    Z b   Z b/m
a+b 1 1 1
f ≤ h1 f ( u ) d q u + h2 f (u)dq u.
2 2 b−a a 2 b − a a/m

In order to proof the inequality (8), from Definition 10 we have

 
b
f (ta + (1 + t)b ) ≤ h1 (t) f ( a) + mh2 (t) f .
m

Taking the Jackson integral over t ∈ [0, 1]

Z 1 Z 1  Z 1
b
f (ta + (1 − t)b ) dq t ≤ f ( a) h1 ( t ) d q t + m f h2 (t) dq t,
0 0 m 0

and with the change of variable u = ta + (1 − t)b we obtain

Z b Z 1  Z 1
1 b
f (u)dq u ≤ f ( a) h1 ( t ) d q t + m f h2 (t) dq t.
b−a a 0 m 0

85 The proof is complete.

86 The following Corollaries are obtained using Theorem 2 with a particular choices of the parameters
87 m, h1 and h2 .

Corollary 1. Let f : [ a, b] → R be a convex function. If f is q−integrable then

  Z b
a+b 1 f ( a) q f (b)
f ≤ f (u)dq u ≤ + . (9)
2 b−a a q+1 q+1

Proof. Letting m = 1 and h1 = t, h2 = 1 − t for t ∈ [0, 1] in Theorem 2 it is obtained that

Z 1 Z 1
1
h1 ( t ) d q t = tdq t =
0 0 q+1

and replacing these values in the inequalities (7) and (8) it is obtained
  Z b
a+b 1 f ( a) q f (b)
f ≤ f (u)dq u ≤ + .
2 b−a a q+1 q+1

88 The proof is complete.

Remark 1. If in Corollary we take limit when q → 1 it is attained

  Z b
a+b 1 f ( a) + f (b)
f ≤ f (u)du ≤
2 b−a a 2

89 making coincidence with the classical Hermite -Hadamard inequality (1).

Corollary 2. Let s ∈ (0, 1] and f : [ a, b] → R be a s−convex function in the second sense. If f is q−integrable
then Z b
q−1
 
a+b 1
2s −1 f ≤ f ( u ) d q u ≤ s +1 ( f ( a) + f (b)) . (10)
2 b−a a q −1
 Version October 15, 2019 submitted to Symmetry 8 of 15

Proof. Letting m = 1 and h1 = ts , h2 = (1 − t)s for t ∈ [0, 1] in Theorem 2 it is had that

Z 1 Z 1
1 q−1
h1 ( t ) d q t = ts dq t = = s +1
0 0 [ s + 1] q −1

and Z 1 Z 1
q−1
h1 ( t ) d q t = (1 − t ) s d q t = .
0 0 q s +1 − 1
90 Replacing these values in the inequalities (7) and (8) the inequality (10) is obtained.

Remark 2. If in corollary it is taken limit when q → 1

  Z b
s −1 a+b 1 1
2 f ≤ f (u)du ≤ ( f ( a) + f (b)) .
2 b−a a s+1

91 This coincides with Theorem 2.1 in [10].

Corollary 3. Let m ∈ (0, 1] and f : [ a, b] → R be a m−convex function. If f is q−integrable then

m2
    Z b Z b/m
a+b 1 1
f ≤ f (u)dq u + f (u)dq u, (11)
2 2 b−a a 2 (b − a) a/m

and Z b   
1 1 b
f (u)dq u ≤ f ( a) + m f (12)
b−a a q+1 m

Proof. If in Theorem 2 it is chosen h1 = t, h2 = 1 − t for t ∈ [0, 1] it is had that

1
t2 
Z 1 Z 1
1 1
h1 ( t ) d q t = tdq t = = =
0 0 [2] 0 [2] q+1

and Z 1 Z 1
1
h1 ( t ) d q t = (1 − t ) d q t =
0 0 q+1
92 Replacing in the inequalities (7) and (8) the inequalities (11) and (12) are attained.

Remark 3. If in Corollary 3 is chosen m = 1 then it is obtained the quantum Hermite Hadamard inequality
for convex functions (9). If it is taken limit when q → 1 the classical Hermite Hadamard for m-convex functions
is obtained
m2
    Z b Z b/m
a+b 1 1
f ≤ f (u)du + f (u)du,
2 2 b−a a 2 (b − a) a/m
and Z b   
1 1 b
f (u)du ≤ f ( a) + m f
b−a a 2 m

Corollary 4. Let f : [0, ∞) → R be a (s, m) −convex function in the second sense, m, s ∈ (0, 1] and
a, b ∈ [0, ∞) with a < b. If f is q−integrable on [0, b/m] then

m2
  Z b Z b/m
a+b 1 1
f ≤ s f (u)dq u + f (u)dq u, (13)
2 2 b−a a 2 (b − a) a/m

and Z b   
1 1 b
f (u)dq u ≤ f ( a) + m f . (14)
b−a a [ s + 1] m
 Version October 15, 2019 submitted to Symmetry 9 of 15

93 Proof. Letting h1 = ts , h2 = (1 − t)s for t ∈ [0, 1] in Theorem 2, and using the scheme of proof in the
94 above corollaries the inequalities (13) and (14) are obtained.

95 Remark 4. If in Corollary 4 m = 1 then we have the quantum Hermite Hadamard inequality for s−convex
96 function in the second sense (10), and if it is chosen s = 1 then it is obtained the quantum Hermite Hadamard
97 inequalities (11) and (12) for m−convex functions. Also, if s = 1 and m = 1 then is obtained the quantum
98 Hermite Hadamard inequality for convex functions.

Corollary 5. Let f : [ a, b] → R be a P−convex function. If f is q−integrable then

  Z b
a+b 2
f ≤ f (u)dq u ≤ 2( f ( a) + f (b)).
2 b−a a

Proof. Letting m = 1, h1 (t) = h2 (t) = 1 for t ∈ [0, 1] in Theorem 2 then it is obtained

Z 1 Z 1
h2 ( t ) d q t = h2 ( t ) d q t = 1
0 0

99 so, replacing in inequalities (7) and (8) the inequality (5) is obtained.

Remark 5. If it is taken limit when q → 1 then it is had that

  Z b
a+b 2
f ≤ f (u) ≤ 2( f ( a) + f (b))
2 b−a a

100 making coincidence with Theorem 3.1 in [9].

Corollary 6. Let f : I = [ a, b] ⊂ R → R be a tgs−convex function. If f is q−integrable on [ a, b] then

  Z b  
a+b 1 1 1
2f ≤ f (u)dq u ≤ − ( f ( a) + f (b)) .
2 b−a a q + 1 1 + q + q2

Proof. Letting m = 1, and h1 (t) = h2 (t) = t(1 − t) for all t ∈ [0, 1] in Theorem 2 , then

1
h1 (1/2) = h2 (1/2) =
4
and Z 1 Z 1
1 1
h1 ( t ) d q ( t ) = h2 ( t ) d q ( t ) = − ,
0 0 q + 1 1 + q + q2
101 therefore by replacement of this values we have the desired result.

102 This last result coincides with Theorem 2.1 in [25].

103 3.2. Quantum Hermite-Hadamard inequality for generalized g−convex dominated functions.
104 First it is given a characterization of g − (m, h1 , h2 ) convex dominated function.
 Version October 15, 2019 submitted to Symmetry 10 of 15

Proposition 3. Let g a (m, h1 , h2 ) convex function on an interval I and f : I → R. The following statements
are equivalents

i) f is a g − (m, h1 , h2 ) convex dominated function

ii ) The mappings g + f and g − f are (m, h1 , h2 ) convex function
iii ) There exists two (m, h1 , h2 ) convex function h, k defined on I such that
f = (h − k) /2 and g = (h + k) /2.

Proof. Let g a (m, h1 , h2 ) convex function on an interval I . The statement f is a g − (m, h1 , h2 ) −convex
dominated function is equivalent to

g(tx + m(1 − t)y) − h1 (t) g( x ) − mh2 (t) g(y)

≤ h1 (t) f ( x ) + mh2 (t) f (y) − f (tx + m(1 − t)y)

≤ h1 (t) g( x ) + mh2 (t) g(y) − g(tx + m(1 − t)y)
for all x, y ∈ I and t ∈ [0, 1]. These two inequalities may be rearranged as

h1 (t)( f ( x ) + g( x )) + mh2 (t) ( f (y) + g(y))

≥ f (tx + m(1 − t)y) + g(tx + m(1 − t)y)

and
h1 (t)( g( x ) − f ( x )) + mh2 (t) ( g(y) − f (y))

≥ g(tx + m(1 − t)y) − f (tx + m(1 − t)y)

105 for all x, y ∈ I and t ∈ [0, 1] , which are equivalent to the (m, h1 , h2 ) convexity of g + f and g − f . This
106 prove the equivalence between i ) and ii ).
107 The equivalence between ii ) and iii ) is proved taking h = f + g and k = g − f .
108 The proof is complete.

Theorem 3. Let g : I → R be a (m, h1 , h2 ) convex function on an interval I and f : [ a, b] → R be a

g − (m, h1 , h2 ) convex dominated function. Then
   Z b   Z b/m  
 h1 1
 1 2 1 1 a + b 
f ( u ) d q u + m h2 f (u)dq u − f
 2 b−a a 2 b − a a/m 2 
  Z b   Z b/m  
1 1 1 1 a+b
≤ h1 g ( u ) d q u + m2 h2 g(u)dq u − g
2 b−a a 2 b − a a/m 2
and
 Z 1  Z 1 Z b 
 b 1 
 f ( a) h 1 ( t ) d q t + m f h 2 ( t ) d q t − f ( u ) d u
q 

 0 m 0 b−a a
Z 1  Z 1 Z b
b 1
≤ g( a) h1 (t) dq t + mg h2 ( t ) d q t − g(u)dq u.
0 m 0 b−a a

Proof. From the Proposition 3 and using the Theorem 2 we have

    Z b   Z b/m
a+b 1 1 1 1
( f + g) ≤ h1 ( f + g ) ( u ) d q u + m2 h2 ( f + g) (u)dq u
2 2 b−a a 2 b − a a/m
 Version October 15, 2019 submitted to Symmetry 11 of 15

and Z b Z 1 1
 Z
1 b
( f + g) (u)dq u ≤ ( f + g) ( a) h1 ( t ) d q t + m ( f + g ) h2 (t) dq t;
b−a a 0 m 0

also,
    Z b   Z b/m
a+b 1 1 1 1
(g − f ) ≤ h1 ( g − f ) ( u ) d q u + m2 h2 ( g − f ) (u)dq u
2 2 b−a a 2 b − a a/m

and Z b Z 1 1
 Z
1 b
( g − f ) (u)dq u ≤ ( g − f ) ( a) h1 ( t ) d q t + m ( g − f ) h2 (t) dq t.
b−a a 0 m 0

109 This inequalities are equivalent to those in the enunciate.

Corollary 7. Let g : I → R be a convex function on an interval I and f : [ a, b] → R be a g convex dominated

function. Then

 1 Z b Z b
    
a + b  1 a+b
 b − a a f (u)dq u − f  ≤ b − a a g(u)dq u − g

2 2

and  Z b  Z b
 f ( a) + f (b) 1  g( a) + g (b) 1
 − f ( u ) d u
q 
 ≤ − g(u)dq u.
 q+1 b−a a q+1 b−a a

110 Proof. Letting m = 1, h1 (t) = t and h2 (t) = 1 − t for t ∈ [0, 1] in Theorem 3 then it is attained the
111 desired result.
112 The proof is complete.

Remark 6. Taking limit when q → 1 it is had that

 1 Z b Z b
    
a + b  1 a+b

b − a a f ( u ) du − f ≤ g ( u ) du − g
2  b−a a 2

and  Z b  Z b
 f ( a) + f (b) 1  ≤ g( a) + g (b) − 1

 − f ( u ) du g(u)du
 2 b−a a  2 b−a a
113 wich coincides with Theorem 1 in [11]

Corollary 8. Let g : I → R be a s-convex function in the second sense on an interval I and f : [ a, b] → R be

a g − s− convex dominated function then

 1 Z b Z b
    
s −1 a + b  1 s −1 a+b

b − a a f ( u ) d q u − 2 f ≤ g ( u ) d q u − 2 g
2  b−a a 2

and

 1 Z b  Z b
1  1 1
 ( f ( a ) + f ( b )) − f ( u ) d q u ≤ ( g ( a ) + g ( b )) − g(u)dq u.
 [ s + 1] b−a a  [ s + 1] b−a a

114 Proof. Letting m = 1, h1 (t) = ts and h2 (t) = (1 − t)s for t ∈ [0, 1] and some fixed s ∈ (0, 1] in Theorem
115 3 it is attained the desired result.
116 The proof is complete.
 Version October 15, 2019 submitted to Symmetry 12 of 15

Remark 7. Taking limit when q → 1 we have

 1 Z b Z b
    
s −1 a + b  1 s −1 a+b

b − a a f ( u ) du − 2 f ≤ g ( u ) du − 2 g
2  b−a a 2

and  Z b  Z b
 1 1  ≤ 1 ( g( a) + g (b)) − 1

 ( f ( a ) + f ( b )) − f ( u ) du g(u)du.
s + 1 b−a a  s+1 b−a a

Corollary 9. Let g : I → R be a m-convex function on an interval I and f : [ a, b] → R be a g − m− convex

dominated function then

m2
 Z b Z b/m  
 1 a + b 

 2 (b − a) a f ( u ) d q u + f ( u ) d q u − f
2 (b − a) a/m 2 
  Z b Z b/m  
1 1 1 1 a+b
≤ g ( u ) d q u + m2 g(u)dq u − g
2 b−a a 2 b − a a/m 2

and
    Z b 
 1 b 1 
 q + 1 f ( a) + m f m
 − f (u)dq u
b−a a
   Z b
1 b 1
≤ g( a) + m f − g(u)dq u.
q+1 m b−a a

117 Proof. Letting h1 (t) = t and h2 (t) = 1 − t for t ∈ [0, 1] in Theorem 3 it is attained the desired result.
118 The proof is compete.

Remark 8. Taking limit when q → 1 we have

m2
 Z b Z b/m  
 1 a + b 
 2 (b − a) a f (u)du + 2 (b − a) a/m f (u)du − f

2 
m2
Z b Z b/m  
1 a+b
≤ g(u)du + g(u)du − g
2 (b − a) a 2 (b − a) a/m 2

and
    Z b     Z b
1 b 1  ≤ 1 g( a) + m f b
 1
 f ( a ) + m f − f ( u ) du − g(u)du.
2 m b−a a  2 m b−a a

Corollary 10. Let g : I → R be a (s, m) −convex function in the second sense on an interval I and
f : [ a, b] → R be a g − (s, m)− convex dominated function then
 Z b   Z b  
 1 a + b  1 a+b
 2s ( b − a ) a f ( u ) d q u − f  ≤ 2s ( b − a ) a g ( u ) d q u − g

2 2

and
    Z b 
 1 b 1 
 f ( a ) + m f − f ( u ) d u
q 

 [ s + 1] m b−a a
   Z b
1 b 1
≤ g( a) + mg − g(u)dq u.
[ s + 1] m b−a a
 Version October 15, 2019 submitted to Symmetry 13 of 15

Remark 9. Taking limit when q → 1 it is had the inequality for ordinary integral
 Z b   Z b  
 1 a + b  1 a+b

 2s ( b − a ) a f ( u ) du − f ≤ g ( u ) du − g
2  2s ( b − a ) a 2

and
    Z b     Z b
 1 b 1  1 b 1
 s + 1 f ( a) + m f m
 − f (u)du ≤
 g( a) + mg − g(u)du.
b−a a s+1 m b−a a

Corollary 11. Let g : I → R be a P−convex function in the second sense on an interval I and f : [ a, b] → R
be a g − P− convex dominated function then

 2 Z b Z b
    
a + b  2 a+b
 b − a a f (u)dq u − f  ≤ b − a a g(u)dq u − g

2 2

and  Z b  Z b
( f ( a) + f (b)) − 1 1
 
f ( u ) d u
q 
 ≤ ( g ( a ) + g ( b )) − g(u)dq u.
 b−a a b−a a

Remark 10. Taking limit when q → 1 then it is had that

 2 Z b Z b
    
a + b  2 a+b

b − a a f ( u ) du − f ≤ g ( u ) du − g
2  b−a a 2

and  Z b  Z b
( f ( a) + f (b)) − 1  ≤ ( g( a) + g (b)) − 1
 
f ( u ) du g(u)du.
 b−a a  b−a a

119 4. Conclusions
120 In the development of this work the quantum Hermite-Hadamard inequality for
121 (m, h1 h2 ) −convex function was established and from this result some inequalities of the same type for
122 s−convex functions in the second sense, m−convex functions, (s, m) −convex functions are deduced
123 making coincidence with particularized results found in [9,10]. Also, it was introduced the definition
124 of dominated (m, h1 h2 ) −convexity function by a function g which is (m, h1 h2 ) −convex function
125 and with this definition some inequalities of Hadamard type were deduced, and some others for
126 generalized convex functions were established.
127 The authors hope that this work contributes with the development of this line of research.
128 Author Contributions: All authors contributed equally in the preparation of the present work taking into account
129 the theorems and corollaries presented, the review of the articles and books cited, formal analysis, investigation,
130 writing–original draft preparation and writing–review and editing.
131 Funding: This research was funded by Dirección de Investigación from Pontificia Universidad Católica del
132 Ecuador in the research project entitled: Some inequalities using generalized convexity.
133 Acknowledgments: Dr. Miguel Vivas thanks to Dirección de Investigación from Pontificia Universidad Católica
134 del Ecuador for the technical support given to the research project entitled: Algunas desigualdades de funciones
135 convexas generalizadas (Some inequalities of generalized convex functions). M. Sc. Jorge E. Hernández H.
136 wants to thank to the Consejo de Desarrollo Científico, Humanístico y Tecnológico (CDCHT) from Universidad
137 Centroccidental Lisandro Alvarado (Venezuela), also for the technical support given in the development of this
138 article.
139 Conflicts of Interest: The authors declare no conflict of interest.

140 References
141 1. Akdemir A.O., Özdemir M.E. Some Hadamard-type inequalities for coordinated P−convex functions and
142 Godunova-Levin functions. AIP Conf. Proc. 2010, 139, 7–15.
 Version October 15, 2019 submitted to Symmetry 14 of 15

143 2. Alomari M., Darus M. Co-ordinated s-Convex Function in the First Sense with Some Hadamard-Type
144 Inequalities. Int. J. Contemp. Math. Sciences 2008, 3(32), 1557 – 1567.
145 3. Alomari M., Darus M., Kirmaci U. Some Inequalities of Hermite-Hadamard type for s−Convex Functions.
146 Acta Math. Scien. 2011, 31B (4), 1643–1652.
147 4. Awan M.U., Cristescu G., Noor M.A., Riahi L. Upper and Lower Bounds for Riemann Type Quantum
148 Integrals of Preinvex and Preinvex dominates functions. U.P.B. Sci. Bull., Series A 2017, 79 (3), 33–44.
149 5. Bakula M.K., Pec̆arič J., Ribičič M. Companion Inequalities to Jensen’s Inequality for m−convex and
150 (s, m) −Convex Functions. J. Ineq. Pure Appl. Math. 2006, 7 (5), Article 194.
151 6. Breckner, W.W. Stetigkeitsaussagen für eine Klasse verallgemeinerter konvexer funktionen in topologischen
152 linearen Räaumen. Pub. Inst. Math.1978, 23 ,13–20.
153 7. Cristescu G., Noor M.A., Awan M.U. Bounds of the second degree cumulative frontier gaps of functions
154 with generalized convexity. Carpath. J. Math. 2015, 31, 173–180
155 8. Dragomir S. S., Ionescu N.M. On some inequalities for convex–dominated functions. Anal. Num. Theor.
156 Approx. 1990, 19 , 21–28.
157 9. Dragomir S.S., Pec̆arić J., Persson L.E. Some Inequalities of Hadamard Type. Soochow J. Math. 1995, 21 (3),
158 335–341.
159 10. Dragomir S.S., Fitzpatrik S. The Hadamard’s inequality for s -convex functions in the second sense.
160 Demonstratio Math. 1999, 32 (4), 687–696.
161 11. Dragomir S.S., Pearce C.E.M., J.E. Pečarić, Means, g-Convex Dominated & Hadamard-Type Inequalities.
162 Tam. Oxf. J. Math. Sci. 2002, 18 (2), 161–173.
163 12. Eftekhari N., Some Remarks on (s, m) −convexity in the second sense. J. Math. Ineq. 2014, 8 (3), 489–495
164 13. Ernst T. The different tongues of q-calculus, Proc. Eston. Acad. Sci. 2008, 57 (2), 81–99
165 14. Ernst T. A Comprehensive Treatment of q−Calculus. Springer, Basel, 2012.
166 15. Gauchman H. Integral Inequalities in q−Calculus, Comp. and Math. Appl. 2004, 47, 281–300.
167 16. Hudzik H., Maligranda L. Some remarks on s−convex functions. Aequationes Math. 1994, 48, 100–111.
168 17. Ismail M.E.H. Classical and quantum orthogonal polynomials in one variable. Cambridge University Press,
169 Cambridge, 2005.
170 18. Ismail M.E.H., Mansour Z.C.I. q−analogues of Freud weights and nonlinear difference equations. Adv. Appl.
171 Math. 2010 , 45(4), 518-547.
172 19. Jackson F.H. On a q−definite integrals. Q. J. Pure Appl. Math. 1910, 41, 193–203.
173 20. Kac V., Cheung P. Quantun Calculus. Springer Verlag, London, 2002.
174 21. Liu W., Wen W., Park J. Hermite-Hadamard type inequalities for MT −convex functions via classical integrals
175 and fractional integrals. J. Nonlinear Sci. Appl. 2016, 9, 766–777
176 22. Matuszewska W., Orlicz W. A note on the theory of s-normed spaces of ϕ−integrable functions. Studia Math.
177 1961, 21 , 107–115.
178 23. Miheşan V.G. A generalization of the convexity. Seminar on Functional Equations,Approx. and Convex. ,
179 Cluj-Napoca (Romania), 1993.
180 24. Noor M.A., Noor K.I., Awan M.U. , Safdar F. Quantum Integral Inequalities via ϕ−Convex Functions. Quant.
181 Inf. Rev. 2016, 4 (1), 1–7.
182 25. Noor M.A., Awan M.U., Noor K.I., Safdar F. Some new quantum inequalities via tgs−convex functions.
183 TWMS J. Pure Appl. Math. 2018, 9 (2), 135–146.
184 26. Orlicz W. A note on modular spaces I. Bull. Acad. Polon. Sci. Ser. Sci. Math. Astronom. Phys. 1951, 9, 157–162,
185 27. Pavić Z., Avci Ardic M. The most important inequalities for m−convex functions. Turk J. Math. 2017, 41,
186 625–635.
187 28. Set E., Özdemir M.E., Sarikaya M.Z. New Inequalities of Ostrowski’s Type for s−Convex Functions in the
188 Second Sense with Applications. Facta Universitatis (Nis),Ser. Math. Inform. 2012, 27 (1), 67–82
189 29. Shi D.P., Xi B.Y., Qi F. Hermite-Hadamard Type Inequalities for (m, h1 , h2 )−Convex Functions Via
190 Riemann-Liouville Fractional. Integrals, Turk. J. Anal. and Numb. Th. 2014, 2 (1), 23–28
191 30. Tunç M., Gov E., Sanal U., On tgs−convex function and their inequalities. Facta universitatis (NIS)Ser. Math.
192 Inform. 2015 , 30 (5), 679–691.
193 31. Yang Z., Li Y., Du T. A Generalization of Simpson Type Inequality via Differentiable function using
194 (s, m)−convex functions. Ital. J. Pur. Appl. Math. 2015, 35, 327–338.
 Version October 15, 2019 submitted to Symmetry 15 of 15

195 c 2019 by the authors. Submitted to Symmetry for possible open access publication
196 under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license
197 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).