Function description

FK 3-12 spring operating mechanisms

For circuit breakers

Function description

FK3-12 spring operating mechanisms

for circuit-breakers

Administrator First issue Written by Released by

SEH 08.06.2004 E.Suter, TMA-SEH /sf E. Suter, TMA-SEH

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 Function description
FK 3-12 spring operating mechanisms
For circuit breakers

FK 3-12 sring operating mechanisms for circuit breakers

Contents Page

Introduction 3

Functional units 3

Operating states 6

Charging the closing spring 8

Closing operation 10

Recharging the closing spring 12

Operating operation 14

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Function description
FK 3-12 spring operating mechanisms
For circuit breakers

Introduction

The FK 3-12 third-generation spring operating mechanisms have been de-

signed as an integrated series. All mechanisms have the same functional units
and operate on the same principle. Dimensions and certain execution features
are dictated by the maximum closing energy for each model.

Fonctional units

70.23 70.21 70.20

70.25 70.22
Schématic digram

70.26
70.19
70.24
70.52
70.42
70.18
70.31
70.12
70.44
70.17
70.43
70.15
71.09
70.14
71.35
70.16

70.13

70.11

70.01 70.53 71.32 70.06 70.10

79.04 70.05 70.07 70.08

70.01 Motor 70.20 Trip spring

70.05 Closing latch 70.21 Auxiliary switch
70.06 Closing magnet 70.22 Motor limit switch actuating cam
70.07 Manual CLOSE release 70.23 Motor limit switch lever
70.08 CLOSE push-button 70.24 Motor limit switch
70.09 Closing shaft 70.25 Closing spring
70.10 Cam disc 70.26 Closing chain
70.11 Roller lever 70.31 Spring position indicator
70.12 Main shaft 70.52 Cicuit breaker position indicator
70.13 Manual TRIP release 70.53 Hand crank
70.14 TRIP push-button 71.32 Pair of winding lever with return stop
70.15 Trip magnet 71.35 Cam disc for eccentric gear
70.16 Trip latch 71.42 Chain wheel
70.17 Trip dashpot 71.43 Crank lever
70.18 Operating lever 71.44 Support pin
70.19 Trip chain 79.04 Gearing

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 Function description
FK 3-12 spring operating mechanisms
For circuit breakers

Energy store • Closing spring 70.25 stores energy to close the circuit breaker and to
charge trip spring 70.20. Surplus energy ensures that the circuit breaker
can be safely closed in all situations.
• Trip spring 70.20 furnishes the energy necessary to trip the circuit
breaker. The trip spring may be in the operating mechanism or in the
circuit breaker, depending on the circuit breaker design.

Energy store
• Motor 70.01 and gearing 79.04 serve to charge closing spring 70.25
Charging mechanism

Closing unit • On closing, the energy of closing spring 70.25 is transmitted to cam
disk 70.10 via closing chain 70.26, crank lever 71.43 and closing shaft
70.09. The cam disc drives main shaft 70.12 via roller lever 70.11. The
circuit breaker is closed and trip spring 70.20 charged via drive lever
70.18 and the linkage
• Cam disc 70.10 controls the travel/time characteristic of the main con-
tact during closing.

Tripping unit • If trip spring 70.20 is mounted in the operating mechanism, its energy is
transmitted to the circuit breaker via trip chain 70.19, main shaft 70.12
and drive lever 70.18.
• The motion is retarde by trip dashpot 70.17 at the end of the tripping
process.

Latches • When closing spring 70.25 is charged, closing latch 70.05 supports it
through crank lever 71.43 and support pin 71.44.
• When trip spring 70.20 is charged, trip latch 70.16 supports it by the
lever arm of roller lever 70.11 and main shaft 70.12.

Release device • Closing magnet 70.06 releases closing latch 70.05.

• Trip magnet 70.15 releases trip latch 70.16.

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Function description
FK 3-12 spring operating mechanisms
For circuit breakers

Auxiliaire switch • Auxiliary switch 70.21 Coupled to main shaft 70.12 serves as a refer-
ence for the main contact for control, signaling and interlock functions
• When the circuit breaker is closed, one contact of auxiliary switch 70.21
interrupts the closing coil circuit and thus prevents further electrical ex-
citation.
• When the circuit breaker is in the tripped position, one contact of auxil-
iary switch 70.21 breaks the operating release coil circuit and thus pre-
vents further electrical excitation.

Motor limit switch • Motor limit switch 70.24 closes and interrupts the motor circuit. It also
performs interlock functions.
• While closing spring 70.25 is being charged, one contact of motor limit
switch 70.24 interupts the closing coil circuit and thus prevents
premature electrical closing operation.

Mechanical closing • When the circuit breaker is closed, a lever coupled to main shaft 70.12
interlock disables closing latch 70.05 and prevents any further release of the
closing system.

Indicators • Circuit breaker position indicator 70.52 displays the position of the main
contact (I or O).
• Spring position indicator 70.31 displays the state (charged or dis-
charged) of closing spring 70.25.

Auxiliairy devices • Mechanical manual releases 70.07, 70.13 permit switching operations
and tools during field service.
• Hand crank 70.53 permits manual charging of closing spring 70.25.

Accessories • Cabinet to protect against weather and contact.

• Heater to prevent condensation.
• Mechanical operating counter
• Mechanical device to delay opening time (option)
• Undervoltage release (option)
• Interior lighting (option)
• Other electrical equipment as specified by customer (option).

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 Function description
FK 3-12 spring operating mechanisms
For circuit breakers

Operating states

Note • The two illustrations below show the possible operating states and
sequences of an operating mechanism. These are characterised
mains by the position of the circuit breaker to which the mechanism is
attached, and by the position of the closing spring. The position of the
spring is always linked to the position of the circuit breaker. The
positions of the auxiliary switch and motor limit switch are important
secondary characteristics.
• An operating mechanism remains in a steady operating state until its
position is changed by an external control command. It can then pass
through well-defined transient (unsteady) operating states.

Operating states and State of delivery

sequences
CHARGING

CHARGING
and

CHARGING

Closing spring charged

Operating state 3
Closing spring discharged
Steady operating state

Transient operating state Circuit breaker open (trip spring

discharged

Circuit breaker closed (trip

spring charged)
CHARGING Closing spring is charged auto-
matically

Circuit breaker is closed

Circuit breaker is tripped

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Function description
FK 3-12 spring operating mechanisms
For circuit breakers

Operating states and

Interlock functions

Operating state 2: steady Operating state 1: Transient

Motor Closing Opening Motor Closing Opening

Operating state 4: steady Operating state 3: Transient

Motor Closing Opening Motor Closing Opening
S1 S1

Y1 Y2
M

S2 S2

Mechanical closing interlock : closing op-

Circuit breaker eration disabled
Closed / open
Mechanical closing interlock : closing op-
eration enabled
Closing spring discharged S1 Auxiliary switch

Closing spring charged S2 Motor limit switch

Y1 Closing coil

Y2 Opening release coil

Note • The following functions will now be described : charging the energy
store, closing, recharging and opening. The operating mechanism and
the circuit breaker pass through the operating states in the order
1→2→3→4→2

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 Function description
FK 3-12 spring operating mechanisms
For circuit breakers

Charging the closing spring

70.25 70.23 70.22

70.26

70.24

70.42

70.31

71.44

71.29

71.43

71.35
A

70.01 79.04 71.32 70.05

70.01 Motor 70.29 Kurbelzapfen

70.05 Closing latch 70.31 Spring position indicator
70.22 Motor limit 71.32 Pair of winding levr with return stop
Switch actuating cam 71.35 Cam disc for eccentric gear
7023 Motor limit switch lever 71.42 Chain wheel
70.24 Motor limit switch 71.43 Crank lever
70.25 Closing spring 71.44 Support pin
70.26 Closing chain 79.04 Gearing

• The circuit breaker and operating mechanism are in operating state 1

(no motor voltage present) on delivery and during installation and ser-
vicing.

Operating state 1: Transient

Motor Closing Opening

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Function description
FK 3-12 spring operating mechanisms
For circuit breakers

• Motor 70.01 starts as soon as the control voltage is imposed. It charges

closing spring 70.25 via gearing 79.04, chain wheel 71.42, crank lever
71.43 and closing chain 70.26. This process comes to an end when
crank journal 70.29 with attached closing chain 70.26 has passed top
dead point A and support pin 71.44 of crank lever 71.43 rests against
closing latch 70.05.
• At the end of the charging process, the pair of winding levers 71.32 is
lifted though the (not shown) disconnecting device. Gearing 79.04 and
motor 70.01, which is shut off via motor limit switch actuating cam 70.22
and motor limit switch 70.24 can now run down freely without imposing
any load on closing latch 70.05.
• Motor limit switch 70.24 has now moved so as to make the closing cir-
cuit, and spring position indicator 70.31 has moved to the «closing
spring charged» position.
• If motor voltage drops out during the charging process, the return-stop
of the pair of winding levers 71.32 keeps chain wheel 71.42 from turning
blackward and thus prevents the unwinding of closing spring 70.25.

• Circuit breaker and operating mechanism are in operating state 2

Operating state 2: steady

Motor Closing Opening

• The circuit breaker is ready for closing.

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 Function description
FK 3-12 spring operating mechanisms
For circuit breakers

Closing operation

70.25 70.22 70.21 70.20

70.19

70.52
70.26
70.18
70.24

70.31

70.09 70.12
B
71.43

70.29
70.16

79.04 71.32 70.05 70.07 70.06 70.10 70.11

70.05 Closing latch 70.21 Auxiliary switch
70.06 Closing magnet 70.22 Motor limit switch actuating cam
70.07 Manual CLOSE release 70.24 Motor limit switch
70.09 Closing shaft 70.25 Closing spring
70.10 Cam disc 70.26 Closing chain
70.11 Roller lever 70.29 Crank journal
70.12 Main shaft 70.31 Spring position indicator
70.16 Trip latch 70.52 Cicuit breaker position indicator
70.18 Operating lever 71.32 Pair of winding lever with return-stop
70.19 Trip chain 71.43 Crank lever
70.20 Trip spring 79.04 Gearing

• Circuit breaker and operating mechanism are in operating state 2.

Operating state 2: steady

Motor Closing Opening

• Closing latch 70.05 is released by the electrical command to closing

magnet 70.06 or by actuation of mechanical manual release 70.07.
• Closing shaft 70.09 is accelerated by the effect of closing spring 70.25,
which is attached to crank lever 71.43.

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Function description
FK 3-12 spring operating mechanisms
For circuit breakers

• Cam disc 70.10 turns roller lever 70.11, which follows it, in the CLOSE
direction. The circuit breaker is closed via main shaft 70.12, operating
lever 70.18 and an attached linkage. At the end of the closing move-
ment, after a 60° rotation, specially designed cam disc 70.10 brings
main shaft 70.12 to a safe, low-impact stop against trip latch 70.16 via
a lever arm of roller lever 70.11. At the same time, cam disc 70.10 has
moved away from roller lever 70.11 and the circuit breaker can be trip-
ped.
• In the course of the closing movement, trip spring 70.20 is charged via
trip chain 70.19.
• The return-stop of pair of winding lever 71.32 keeps the fast gearing
stages from tracking the motion during the closing operation.
• After closing shaft 70.09 has turned through approx. 180°, crank journal
70.29 passes through bottom dead point B. The Kinetic energy still
possessed by crank wheel 70.30 is returned to closing spring 70.25
(recovered) via chain 70.26. By virtue of this principle, the closing
movement is brought to a gentle, impact-free stop.

• Control, indicating and interlock functions at the end of the closing

movement:
− Auxiliary switch 70.21, which is coupled to main shaft 70.12 has
made the opening release coil circuit and broken the closing circuit.
The circuit breaker can be tripped electrically, and further actuation
of the closing coil is prevented.
− A lever (not shown) controlled by main shaft 70.12 has disabled
closing latch 70.05, thus mechanically preventing any further release
of the closing system.
− Circuit breaker position indicator 70.52 has turned to the CLOSED
position with main shaft 70.12.
− Motor limit switch 70.24 actuated via motor limit switch actuating
cam 70.22, has made the motor circuit.
− The closing coil circuit has been broken by one contact of motor limit
switch 70.24. Any further electrical actuation of the closing coil is
thus prevented
• Spring position indicator 70.31 has simultaneously moved to «closing
spring discharged».

• Circuit breaker and operating mechanism are in operating state 3.

Operating state 3: Transient

Motor Closing Opening

• The circuit breaker is ready for tripping.

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 Function description
FK 3-12 spring operating mechanisms
For circuit breakers

Recharging de closing spring

70.25 70.22

70.24

70.22 Motor limit switch actuating cam

70.24 Motor limit switch
70.25 Closing spring

• Circuit breaker and operating mechanism are in operating state 3

Operating state 3 : Transient

Motor Closing Opening

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Function description
FK 3-12 spring operating mechanisms
For circuit breakers

• When motor limit switch 70.24 is actuated by motor limit switch actuat-
ing cam 70.22 at the end of the closing movement, the motor circuit is
made and closing spring 70.25 is automatically recharged.
• If no breaking operation has taken place during the charging process,
the circuit breaker is in steady operating state 4 at the end of the charg-
ing process. This is the normal operating state of all circuit breakers in
the electric power grid.

• Circuit breaker and operating mechanism are in operating state 4.

Operating state 4: steady

Motor Closing Opening
S1 S1

Y1 Y2
M

S2 S2

• The circuit breaker is ready for the operating sequence O-CO.

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 Function description
FK 3-12 spring operating mechanisms
For circuit breakers

Opening operation

70.21 70.20

70.52

70.12

70.17

70.15

70.16

70.13

70.05

70.05 Closing lacht 70.17 Trip dashpot

70.12 Main shaft 70.20 Closing spring
70.13 MANUAL TRIP release 70.21 Auxiliary switch
70.15 Trip magnet 70.52 Circuit breaker position indicator
70.16 Trip latch

• Circuit breaker and operating mechanism are in operating state 4

Operating state 4 : steady

Motor Closing Opening
S1 S1

Y1 Y2
M

S2 S2

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Function description
FK 3-12 spring operating mechanisms
For circuit breakers

• Trip latch 70.16 is released by the electrical command to trip magnet

70.15 or by actuation of mechanical manual release 70.13. Main shaft
70.12 and the circuit breaker, which is coupled to it, are accelerated in
the O direction by charged trip spring 70.20, Trip dashpot 70.17 comes
into action toward the end of the tripping process, slowing the moving
masses of the circuit breaker and operating mechanism to a stop
• Control, indicating and interlock functions at the end of the opening
movement:
− Auxiliary switch 70.21 Which is coupled to main shaft 70.12 has bro-
ken the opening release coil circuit and made the closing circuit.
Thus any further electrical actuation of the opening release coil is
prevented; an electrical closing operation is again possible.
− A lever (not shown) controlled by main shaft 70.12 has again en-
abled closing latch 70.05 for a subsequent closing operation. The
circuit breaker can be closed mechanically.
− Circuit breaker position indicator 70.52 has been turned to the O po-
sition with the main shaft.

• Circuit breaker and operating mechanism are in operating state 2

Operating state 2: steady

Motor Closing Opening

• The circuit breaker is ready for closing.

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