INDUSTRIAL ENGINEER DEPARTMENT

SUBJECT

Logistics and Supply Chain

TEACHER

Laura Elena López Imperial

HW #3.1 Investigation U3

GROUP

(A8A)

NÚMERO DE CONTROL NOMBRE

18331066 Manuel Guillermo Moreno Cruz

18331071 Luis Adrian Recio Vega

18331073 Emiliano Robles Sechslingloff

18331080 Gabriel Torres Morales

HERMOSILLO, SONORA, SEMESTRE FEBRERO 2021 - JUNIO 2022

3.1 ORGANIZATION OF MATERIALS IN A WAREHOUSE

A warehouse is a space where products of any kind are stored. For a warehouse to function
properly and fulfill its function, it must be operated under certain conditions that allow it to
function properly. The warehouse operation is the organization that is given to these so that
the material to be safeguarded is done in an orderly manner, with ease of mobility and strict
control.

The objective of warehouse distribution logistics is to control and track the materials inside
the warehouse. In the organization of materials, the space inside a warehouse is described
and distributed according to its capacity. The measurements of width, aisles, height and
distribution of the material are established according to the type of material to be
safeguarded.

The distribution that a warehouse that stores food products will have is very different from
another that protects electronic components. Basically, this part is in charge of the design
that the facilities will have. In a well-designed warehouse or warehouse, all available space
is used and handling is kept to a bare minimum.

Once the constraints of the building are known and the appropriate equipment for the
emergency supply management activity has been chosen, the warehouse floor layout can
be detailed:

In any type of floor layout, there are four components:

1. The space they occupy items and handling equipment with their corresponding
clearances.
2. The aisles between the goods for direct access to them.
3. The transverse corridors, perpendicular to the previous ones.
4. The rest of the areas, dedicated to ordering products, loading and unloading, emergency
exits.

Corridor width: The width of the corridors will depend on the nature of the activities that
take place in them. These can be of four types:
1. Replacement or collection of elements using the same aisle and routes in only one
direction.
2. Replacement and collection of elements using the same corridor and routes in both
directions.
3. Replacement and collection of elements using different aisles and routes in one direction.
4. Replacement and collection of elements using different aisles and routes in both
directions.
When setting the surface of the shelf, the size of the items to be stored and the anticipated
inventory levels must be considered. As in the case of palletized items, space utilization can
be improved by using different sized shelves, although this will cause a loss of flexibility.
Cross aisles: Cross aisles are used to access work aisles. Since they are essentially dead
spaces, the fewer there are the better.

Their number is generally set by fire regulations, in order to provide escape routes or
emergency exits, although it also depends on factors such as the number of accesses
required, the number of forklifts used and the location of the classification area.. It is
desirable that the racks do not exceed 30 m in length, as it reduces the performance of
people who drive forklifts. Indeed, from this value on, difficulties begin to locate the pallets
and mistakes when choosing aisle lead to large useless routes. Element reception and
dispatch areas: When a warehouse is designed, much attention is paid to the order
preparation and storage areas in large units.

However, the reception and dispatch areas must also be a center of priority interest. If the
zone is too small, activity will be severely limited and bottlenecks will appear that will spread
to other areas of the warehouse. Normally, these areas are the ones that are sacrificed
when a need for more storage space arises.

There are no formulas for planning these zones, but the following factors must be
considered:
1. Types and sizes of vehicles.
2. Means of access to the area.
3. Space needs for classification, verification, order and control.
4. Characteristics of the elements and their input-output flow.
5. Characteristics of the load units.
6. Number of loading and unloading docks required.

Other areas: In addition to the main work areas, it is also necessary to allocate space for
warehouse offices, toilets, battery charging. There is a tendency to forget about these areas
and take them into account only afterwards. Warehouse offices should be close to work to
provide support. Battery charging areas must be ventilated and of sufficient size. It is also
important to point out that the space necessary for these activities should not be removed
from that specifically intended for storage.

Restrictions imposed on the warehouse building: When configuring the plant distribution of
the equipment, offices and other services of a warehouse and within the restrictions
imposed by the building itself, an attempt should be made to minimize the number of
factors capable of causing delays and of elements that suppose tasks of considerable
duration.
When a new facility is being planned, the design of the building will be adjusted to the
anticipated needs, but when it comes to improving the operation of an existing warehouse,
it must be adapted to the characteristics of the building. In the latter case, the following
aspects must be considered:
1. Restrictions: pillars, height, shape, services, doors, loading docks, floor resistance.
2. Space not useful for storage: offices, toilet, first aid kit.
3. Flow of existing products.
4. Handling and storage activities.
5. Available volume: maximum and utilization rate.
6. Congestion zones and causes of such congestion.

During the design of the floor plan, the structural elements of the building must be viewed
from a perspective that allows:
1. Eliminate as many obstructions and restrictions as possible.
2. Consider changes in the location of offices and other service units.
3. Consider the use of the mezzanine for offices and storage of light items.
4. Take advantage of or avoid the limitations due to doors, floors, ceilings, docks, elevators.
5. Check the constraints of the structure, such as the resistance of the soil.
The following factors should also be considered: Safety and hygiene legislation: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8.

3.2 MANUAL AND AUTOMATED WAREHOUSES

Manual Warehouses

In many storage systems, materials are stored in unit loads that are stored in standard-size
containers. The standard container can be easily handled, transported, and stored by the
storage system and by the material handling system to which it may be connected.

There are two basic strategies for organizing materials in a storage system: random storage
and specialized storage. Each type of stocked item is known as a Stock Keeping Unit (SKU).

Random storage. Items are stored in any available location (usually the closest) in the
storage system. The recovery of the SKUs is carried out according to the first-in-first-out
policy, that is, the items that have been stored the longest are the first to be recovered.

Specialized storage. SKUs are assigned to specific locations in the storage facility. That is,
there are reserved locations for each SKU. The specification of these locations is done
through different numerical sequences for each SKU, according to the level of activity of
each SKU or according to a relationship between the level of activity and the space required.

Comparing the two strategies, we find that less total storage space is required when using
the random method, but performance is typically higher when using activity-based
specialized storage.
3.3 INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY IN A WINERY

The information in a warehouse is important to know where we have our stock and not
waste much time if our warehouse is large, this can be done through radio frequencies with
a trigger that tells us in which section, in which pallet, in which area is found in product we
need. (Radio frequency devices are highly expensive, but nevertheless it is excellent for
warehouses of immense capacity to search for their products).

a) Stock control.
b) Rationalize the activity.
c) Reduce documents.
d) Reduce operating costs.

3.4 FINISHED PRODUCT PACKAGING

With the exception of a limited number of items, such as bulk commodities, automobiles,
and furniture, most products are distributed in some form of packaging. There are a good
number of reasons why the expense of packaging is incurred, which can be for:

1. Easy storage and handling.

2. Promote better utilization of transportation equipment.

3. Provide product protection.

4. Promote the sale of the product.

5. Change the density of the product.

6. Facilitate the use of the product.

7. Provide reuse value for the customer.

Not all of these goals can be achieved by logistics management. However, changing the
density of the product and the protective packaging are matters of concern in this matter.
Protective packaging is a particularly important product dimension for logistics planning. In
many respects, packaging is the focus of planning, with the product itself as the second
theme. The packaging is the one that has the shape, volume and weight. The product may
not have the same characteristics. The point is that if we were to remove a television set
from its cardboard packaging and replace it with a shock-proof kit (as is often done to test
for damage during rough handling), the logistics manager would not treat the shipment in
a reasonable manner. different (assuming you were unaware the change had been made).
The packaging gives a changed set of features to the product.
 Bibliography
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