Gec 6 - Art Appreciation Full

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TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES VISAYAS

Capt. Sabi St., City of Talisay, Negros Occidental
College of Engineering Technology

Office of the Program Coordinator
LEARNING MODULE
GEC 6:
ART APPRECIATION
BASIC ARTS AND SCIENCES DEPARTMENT
PREPARED BY:
APRAILLE DEE JOSEPHINE M. ANGLO

MARIAN CHRISTINA GRACE T. FERRER
2020
This module is a property of Technological University of the Philippines Visayas intended

for EDUCATIONAL PURPOSES ONLY and is NOT FOR SALE NOR FOR REPRODUCTION.
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VISION
The Technological University of the Philippines shall be the premier state university
with recognized excellence in engineering and technology at par with leading universities in
the ASEAN region.
MISSION
The University shall provide higher and advanced vocational, technical, industrial,
technological and professional education and training in industries and technology, and in
practical arts leading to certificates, diplomas and degrees.
It shall provide progressive leadership in applied research, developmental studies in
technical, industrial, and technological fields and production using indigenous materials; effect
technology transfer in the countryside; and assist in the development of small-and-medium
scale industries in identified growth center. (Reference: P.D. No. 1518, Section 2)
QUALITY POLICY
The Technological University of the Philippines shall commit to provide quality, higher
and advanced technological education; conduct relevant research and extension projects;
continually improve its value to customers through enhancement of personnel competence and
effective quality management system compliant to statutory and regulatory requirements; and
adhere to its core values.
CORE VALUES
T - Transparent and participatory governance

U - Unity in the pursuit of TUP mission, goals, and objectives
P - Professionalism in the discharge of quality service
I - Integrity and commitment to maintain the good name of the University
A - Accountability for individual and organizational quality performance
N - Nationalism through tangible contribution to the rapid economic growth of the
country
S - Shared responsibility, hard work, and resourcefulness in compliance to the mandates
of the university

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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page Numbers
TUP Vision, Mission, Quality Policy, and Core Values………………… i
Table of Contents…………………………………………………………. iii
Course Description………………………………………………... iv
Learning Outcomes………………………………………………… iv
General Guidelines/Class Rules…………………………………… iv
Grading System……………………………………………………. v
Learning Guide (Week No. 1) …………………………………….. 1
Introduction to Art Appreciation………………………….. 1
Expected Competencies…………………………………… 1
Content…………………………...…………………………… 1
Progress Check…… ……………………………………… 6
References………………………………………………… 8
Learning Guide (Week No. 2) …………………………………… 9
Nature, Categories and Functions of Art………………….. 9
Content…………………………...…………………………… 9
Progress Check…… ………………………………………. 17
References…………………………………………………. 18
Learning Guide (Week No. 3) …………………………………….. 19
Philosophical Perspective and Subject of Art/
Different Levels of Meaning (Content in Art)………… 19
Content…………………………...…………………………… 19
Progress Check…… ……………………………………… 29
References………………………………………………… 30
Learning Guide (Week No. 4) …………………………………… 33
The Artist and the Artisan,
Medium Techniques, The Gawad sa Manlilikha
ng Bayan Award (GAMABA)…………………………. 33
Content…………………………...…………………………… 33
Progress Check…… ……………………………………… 42
References………………………………………………… 43
References………………………………………………………………… 44
About the Authors……………………………………………………… 47

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COURSE DESCRIPTION
The Commission on Higher Education (CHED) has identified Art Appreciation as a

three-unit course that develops students’ ability to appreciate, analyze and critique works of
art. It aims to equip students with a broad knowledge of the practical, historical, philosophical,
and social relevance of the arts in order to hone students’ ability to articulate their
understanding of the arts. It also plans to develop students’ genuine appreciation for the
Philippine arts by providing them opportunities to explore the diversity and richness and their
rootedness in Philippine culture. Under normal circumstances, i.e. without the COVID
pandemic, CHED also aspires through this course, the development of students’ competency
in researching and curating art as well as conceptualizing, mounting, and evaluating art
productions.
LEARNING OUTCOMES
Anchored to CHED’s purpose, at the end of this course, TUPV students should be able to:
1. Demonstrate an understanding and appreciation of the arts in general, including

their function, value, and historical significance;
2. Utilize art for self-expression and for promoting advocacies by creating their own
works of art;
3. Discover and deepen their identity through art with respect to their nationality,
culture and religion.
GENERAL GUIDELINES/CLASS RULES
Students should:
1. Complete all assignments, practical activity and submit all requirements on or before
due dates.
2. Forward assignments/activities/assessments to any one of the following means: google
classroom, email or messenger.
3. Communicate and coordinate with the subject teacher regarding any concern or
question they may have about the subject through the following:
Text: 0977 3751286 (Globe) or 0942 0857716 (Sun)
Email: ailleanglo@gmail.com
Messenger
Viber
Note: During week 1, class mayors shall provide the instructor via FB messenger or email a
Word file containing the following contact information of the entire class:
*Name
*Mobile or Landline numbers (indicate if SMART/TNT/SUN/GLOBE/TM/PLDT)
*Email address
*FB Messenger ID

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GRADING SYSTEM
Prelim Grade : (Average of Weekly Assessments from Week 1 to 4)

Midterm Grade : (Average of Weekly Assessments from Week 6 to 8)
End term Grade : (Average of Weekly Assessments from Week 10 to 13)
Final Grade : (Prelim Grade x 0.30) + (Midterm Grade x 0.30) + (End term
Grade x 0.40)

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LEARNING GUIDE
Week No.: __1__
TOPIC: Introduction to Art Appreciation
EXPECTED COMPETENCIES
By the end of this lesson, students are expected to:
1. demonstrate understanding on the meaning and relevance of art and art

appreciation;
2. recognize art history as a term and a discipline;
3. demonstrate understanding on the role of humanities and arts in man’s attempt at
fully realizing his end;
4. characterize the assumptions of art;
5. differentiate imagination and creativity;
6. clarify misconceptions about art; and
7. relate personal experiences of and in art.
CONTENT
Activity: Reflection
List down your most striking or Explain why you think each encounter is
unforgettable encounters with arts. an experience with art.
Processing:
What makes people like a certain piece of work?

What makes it click to the taste of a certain group of people?
When can a piece be called art?
What exactly is art?

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What images do you immediately see?
The Mysterious Lips that Appeared on the Back of my Nurse by Salvador Dali
What do you think is the artist trying to convey to the audience with his work?
The Old Guitarist by Pablo Picasso
Art is more than a visual experience. Art is intended to rouse sentiments and stir up
perceptions. When an individual views art, he/she connects it with distinctive events in his/her
life. Hence, “students can learn to construct meaning and articulate their thoughts when they

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express, in their own words, their personal opinions about what they are seeing, feeling and
thinking.” (Leano, Jr. and Agtani, 2018)
WHAT IS ART?
• The initial meaning of art has something to do with many activities: cultivating the land,
tending to a garden, construction different infrastructures, sharpening weapons, and
using fire to melt gold.
• The word ‘art’ comes from the ancient Latin ‘ars’ which means a ‘craft or specialized
form of skill, like carpentry or smithying or surgery (Collingwood, 1938).
• During the ancient times, art referred to any useful object that was made using bare
hands.
• In Medieval Latin, the meaning of ars changed into “any special form of book-learning
such as grammar or logic, magic or astrology.” (Collingwood, 1938)
• It was during the Renaissance Period when the word reacquired a meaning that was
connected to the crafts.
• In the 17th century, the word became associated with the aesthetics, the study of beauty.
• In the 18th century, the word finally evolved to distinguish between the fine arts and the
useful arts with the former being referred to as “beautiful arts”.
• “Art is an expression, an expression of feeling, belief and character.” (Leano, Jr. and
Agtani, 2018)
ARTS AND THE HUMANITIES
• Stanford Humanities Center describes humanities as “the study of how people process
and document the human experience.”
• The humanities constitute one of the oldest and most important means of expression
developed by man (Dudley et al., 1960).
• Chronicled events have corroborated man’s development as an artist - from the simple
cave paintings to the more advanced techniques and styles of art forms.
• Basically, “humans have long been exercising how to be humans long before they were
aware that they were humans.” (Calib, Jr.,Garing & Casaul, 2018)
Cave painting in Altamira Spain

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ASSUMPTIONS OF ART
ART IS UNIVERSAL
• It transcends time and caters to a variety of people.
• Literature, for example, has provided us with works that have achieved universality.
• Art has been crafted by all people regardless of origin, time, place, and it has stayed
because people continue to like and enjoy it.
• A great piece of work will never be obsolete.
• Enjoyment in the arts belongs to a higher order of human experience.
ART IS NOT NATURE

• One important characteristic of art is that it is not nature. It is man’s way of interpreting
nature.
• Art is made by man as opposed to nature that is a given around us.
• What we find in nature SHOULD NOT be expected to be present in art too.
• What reasons might the artist have in creating something?
• In whatever piece of work, one should always ask why the artist made it as it is.
Park of the Chateau Noir with Well by Paul Cezanne
ART INVOLVES EXPERIENCE

• Art is just experience which means the “actual doing of something” (Dudley et al.,
1960).
• A person cannot claim to know something without experiencing it.
• A work of art cannot be extracted from actual doing. It needs to be experienced by our
senses.
• Perception of art is always a value judgment. It depends on the perceiver.
• One cannot argue with another person’s evaluation of art because experiences are
never the same.

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ART HISTORY
• Art history is the study of objects of art in their historical development and stylistic
contexts. This includes genre, design, format, and style.
• This study includes painting, sculpture, architecture, ceramics, furniture, and other
decorative objects (Mansfield, 2002).
• As a term, its product encompasses several methods of studying the visual arts
commonly referred to as works of art or architecture.
• As a discipline, art history is distinguished from art criticism. The latter is concerned
with the establishment of relative artistic value by comparing the style of the work
or endorsing an entire style or movement.
• Art theory or philosophy of art is concerned with the fundamental nature of art. One
branch of this is aesthetics which includes investigating the enigma of the sublime
(mystery) and determining the essence of beauty (Elkins, 2006).
• Art history is not only a biographical endeavor. Art historians often root their studies in
the scrutiny of individual objects.
• They attempt to answer in historically specific ways by asking questions such as:
1. What are the key features of this style?
2. What meaning did this object convey?
3. How does it function visually?
4. Did the artist meet their goals well?
5. What symbols are involved?
6. Does it function discursively?
CREATIVITY AND IMAGINATION
IMAGINATION CREATIVITY
• Thinking of something like a • Doing something meaningful with your

place, an object, a person, or a imagination
time • Using the imagination to unleash the potential
• About seeing the impossible or of existing ideas in order to create new and
unreal valuable ones
• Focus can be on things that are • Requires focus on to be on things that might be
impossible possible but would still need exploration
• Requires a context from which • Requires knowledge of the idea, motivation
to envision an idea and freedom to explore and tinker
Being creative vs Being imaginative

• Thoughts to ponder on: “One can be imaginative without being creative.” (Naiman,
2016)
• Creativity is the act of turning new ideas and imaginative ideas into reality. If you have
ideas, but do not act on them, you are imaginative but not creative.
• We are all born with imagination, but creativity is learned.

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PROGRESS CHECK
I. Answer the following questions.
1. If you were an artist, what kind of artist would you be? (10 points)
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
2. Why is art not nature? (10 points)

_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
3. Why is art ageless and timeless? (10 points)

_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
4. Why does art involve experience? (10 points)

____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
Content = 5 points Organization = 3 points Mechanics = 2 points
II. Consider the various art categories below. Select one category and think of an artwork
under that category then answer the guide questions.
Categories:
1. Movie
2. Novel
3. Poem
4. Music
5. An architectural structure
6. A piece of clothing
Category: ___________________________
Artwork: ____________________________
1. What is the artwork all about? What is it for? (10 points)

___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________

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2. How good is it? Why will you recommend this artwork to people you know?
(10 points)
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________

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REFERENCES
Caslib, Jr., B.N., Garing, D.C. & Casaul, J.A.R. (2018). Art Appreciation. Manila: Rex
Bookstore, Inc.
Leano, Jr., R.D. & Agtani, J.M.B. (2018). Art Appreciation for College Students. Manila:
Mindshapers Co., Inc
Image Sources:
Dali, Salvador. (1941). The Mysterious Lips that Appeared on the Back of my Nurse (optical
illusion painting). Chillout point.
http://www.chilloutpoint.com/art_and_design/illusions-through-the-paintings-of-
salvador-dali.html (page 6)
Picasso, P. (1903). The Old Guitarist (oil on panel painting). TotallyHistory.

http://totallyhistory.com/the-old-guitarist/ (page 6)

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LEARNING GUIDE
Week No.: __2__
TOPIC: Nature, Categories and Functions of Art
By the end of this lesson, students should be able to:
1. discuss the nature of art’s preliminary expression;

2. categorize works of art by citing personal experiences; and
3. identify the functions of art based on personal experiences.
CONTENT
If given the chance and resources, what art field will you explore? Why?
MORE BASIC ASSUMPTIONS OF ART
• Art is cultural.
• Art is a work of humans. Anything created by man is part of culture. It becomes
cultural when it depicts people’s way of life, religious practices, mores,
traditions, etc.
• Art is a form of creation.
• It is something that is created with imagination and skill. It results in something
beautiful that expresses important ideas or feelings.
• Art is subjective.
• It cannot be measured by its significance or the level of skill with which it is
created. “Beauty is in the eye of the beholder” which means every individual
has his/her own perception and/or interpretation about the subject of the art. It
is never the same for each person.

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NATURE OF ARTS
• Art is a diverse range of human activities in creating visual, auditory, or performing

pieces. It expresses the creator’s imaginative or technical skill, intended to be
appreciated for their beauty or emotional power.
• Art represents reality. Representation is the use of signs that stand in for and take the
place of something else. It is through representation that people organize the world and
reality through the act of naming its elements. Art depicts objects or scenes from the
world.
• Art is an expression. It attempts to translate the unnamed and the unknown. It is in our
nature as humans to create meaning and art allows us to do so.
• Art serves as a means of communication of emotions. Works of art may be used to
communicate political, spiritual, or philosophical ideas to create a sense of beauty to
explore the nature of perception, for pleasure, or to generate strong emotions. There is
an underlying intention to connect and to appeal.
• Art matters. It matters because it allows us to express ourselves and illustrate the world
around us in a different light. It helps us gain a deeper understanding of people, human
experiences, and society.
• Art is universal. Art is found everywhere all the time.
• Art is creation. It is the combination of already existing material elements (from
nature) into new forms which become the realization of a preconceived idea (by an
artist).
CATEGORIES OF ART
● Since art is an expression, humans have found countless ways for their ideas and
feelings to manifest and become more tangible.
● A person finds a way to make such expression unique and more personal.
● It becomes a reflection of their inner selves.
1. Visual Arts
• Creation that appeal to the sense of sight
• Mainly visual in nature
• This is the kind of arts that most people are exposed to.
• Examples:
painting, letterings, printing, sculptures, photography

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“Tampuhan” by Juan Luna
2. Film
• Refers to the art of putting together successions of still images in order to create
an illusion of movement
• Focuses on its aesthetic, cultural, and social value
• Considered both an art and industry
• Could use one or a combination of the following:
• Motion-picture camera
• Animation techniques
• Computer generated imagery (CGI)
• And more…
“Star Wars” (1977)

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3. Performance Art
• It refers to a live art.
• The artist’s medium is mainly the human body which he/she uses to perform
• May also employ other kind of art like visual art, props, or sound
• Consists of the following elements: time, setting, performers, and relationship
between the performer and the audience
• An art that cannot be bought or traded as it is intangible
Philippine Madrigal Singers
4. Poetry Performance
• It is an art form where the artist expresses his/her emotions through words.
• The words are carefully selected to exhibit clarity and beauty and to stimulate
strong emotions.
• It uses a word’s emotional, musical, and spatial values that go beyond the literal
meaning.
• Combines words with tone, volume, and intensity of delivery
5. Architecture
• The art of making beautiful buildings (but not all buildings are beautiful, only
functional)
• Focuses on the structure, lines, forms, and colors
• Buildings should embody the following to be considered an architecture: plan,
construction, and design.
The Cultural Center of the Philippines

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6. Dance
• A series of movements that follows the rhythm of the music accompaniment
• It is a creative form that allows people to freely express themselves.
• It has no rules.
• As an art, dancers are not confined to set steps and rules but are free to create and
invent their own movements.
SB19
7. Literary Art
• Another form of art that uses words to express
• It goes beyond the usual professional, academic, journalistic, and other technical
forms of writing.
• It focuses on using a unique style, that may not follow a specific format or norm.
• Includes fiction and non-fiction such as novels, biographies, and poems.
“The Little Prince”

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8. Theater
• Uses live performances to present accounts or imaginary events before a live
audience.
• Usually follows a script, but should not be confused with literary arts
• Elements include acting, gesture, lighting, sound effects, musical score, scenery,
and props.
• Participation of the viewer is an important element.
“Ang Huling El Bimbo” (Musical)
9. Applied Arts
• Incorporates elements of style and design to everyday items with the aim of
increasing their aesthetical value.
• Includes industrial design, interior design, fashion design, and graphic design.
• Artists can combine functionality and style.
Furniture by Kenneth Cobonpue
“What sets apart one artwork from another is CREATIVITY.”

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FUNCTIONS OF ART
• Trying to classify function depends on the context.

• It normally falls under three categories: personal, social, and physical. These functions
can and do overlap in any given piece of art (Esaak, 2018).
● Personal Function
• Self-expression or self-gratification.
• Need to communicate something through the artist’s point of view or perspective.
• Can be therapeutic for both the artist and viewer.
• May serve the personal functions of control.
• Art is used to control time.
• Art is used to bring order to a disorganized and disorderly world.
• Art can also purposively create confusion when life gets too dull and
ordinary.
Example:
1. “Venus de Milo”
A statue of Venus, the Roman goddess of love
Many are wondering why the statue has no arms yet it is considered a
national treasure.
2. “The Last Supper”

Religious service is another personal function.
Connection and relation with the divine
● Social Function
• Goes beyond personal intrinsic value to art’s social benefits
• Individual and society are dynamically related.
• Art communicates.
• It is often constructed with the intention to share responses and opinions.
• It enriches, informs, and questions our world.
• Can have powerful transformative and restorative effects within a society
• Social descriptions express or describe social or collective aspects of existence as
opposed to individual and personal kind of experiences.
• Art performs a social function when it…
1. Influences Social Behavior (Political Function)

✔ It seeks or tends to affect the collective behavior of a people like the
“Bayanihan”.
2. Displays and celebrates
✔ Created to be seen or used primarily in public situation like fiestas, parade,
etc, like how paintings and sculptures are used to commemorate important
people. One example is the monument of Rizal at Luneta Park.

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● Physical Function
• It is often the easiest to understand.
• Some works of art are created to perform physical functions.
1. Form and Function
⮚ The function is essential to the form it takes just like a chair is
designed for sitting.
2. Architecture
⮚ The design of the building is determined primarily by its
operational function. What was the building for?
3. Community Planning
⮚ It involves the efficient organization of buildings, roads, and spaces
within a community to meet the physical and aesthetic needs of the
community.
⮚
Takes into consideration the assignment of areas for proper land
use.
⮚ This includes the following:
• Residential districts (houses)
• Industrial and commercial areas (sources of raw materials)
• Civic centers (government)
• Parks, plazas, and malls (recreation)
• Streets and roads (transportation)
4. Function and Beauty
⮚ The design is planned accordingly for the piece to serve its purpose
for many years.

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PROGRESS CHECK
Using the table below, write down one example for each category of art form studied
in this lesson. Identify the nature of art (only one) reflected in your example and its dominant
function. Provide an explanation for your answers in the nature of art and the function
columns. Please see point system per column (total of 90 points).
Category of Art Example and Nature of Art Function

Expression Artist/Creator (if Reflected (2 points for content and
applicable) (2 points for content and 2 points for mechanics)
(2 points each) 2 points for mechanics)
Visual Arts
Film
Performance Art
Poetry
Performance
Architecture
Dance
Literary Art
Theater
Applied Arts

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REFERENCES
Bookstore, Inc.
Leano, Jr., R.D. & Agtani, J.M.B. (2018). Art Appreciation for College Students. Manila:
Mindshapers Co., Inc
Image sources:
Star Wars: Episode IV – A New Hope (1977) poster. IMDb.

https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0076759/ (page16)
The Philippine Madrigal Singers photo. The Philippine Madrigal Singers.

http://www.philippinemadrigalsingers.com/ (page 17)
Cultural Center of the Philippines photo. Cultural Center of the Philippines.

https://www.culturalcenter.gov.ph/pages/history (page 17)
SB19 photo. Starmometer. https://starmometer.com/2019/09/08/watch-sb19-go-up-2x-speed-

dance-challenge/ (page 18)
The Little Prince book cover. Amazon. https://www.amazon.com/Little-Prince-Antoine-

Saint-Exupery-ebook/dp/B008QYT7DI (page 18)
Bonuel, N. (2020). Ang Huling El Bimbo (Musical) photo. CNN Philippines Life.
https://cnnphilippines.com/life/entertainment/2019/4/5/Ang-Huling-El-Bimbo-
review.html (page 19)
Furniture by Kenneth Cobonpue photo. Kenneth Cobonpue.

http://www.kennethcobonpue.com/ (page 19)

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LEARNING GUIDE
Week No.: __3__
TOPIC: PHILOSOPHICAL PERSPECTIVES OF ART

The Subject of Art
Different Levels of Meaning (Content in Art)
By the end of this lesson, students are expected to:
1. discuss the basic philosophical perspectives of arts;
2. recognize the importance of some art forms in daily life;
3. identify examples of the different kinds of subjects and sources of art; and
4. Demonstrate understanding on the different levels of meaning (content in art).
CONTENT
Look around your house or just outside your windows. List down five (5) different artworks
that you can find. Then explain what that artwork is for.
1. _____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
2. _____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
3. _____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
4. _____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
5. _____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
Processing:
1. Do you think the artist behind the artwork had the same idea as your explanation?
2. Do all artworks have a function in society?

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PHILOSOPHICAL PERSPECTIVES OF ARTS
These point to the nature of art, including such concepts as interpretation, representation
and expression, and form. It is closely related to aesthetics, the philosophical study of beauty
and taste.
1. Art is mimesis (Plato).
Plato
Mimesis = Greek word “mimos” = to imitate
Mimesis = critical and philosophical term that carries a wide range of meanings,
which include imitation, representation, mimicry, receptivity, nonsensuous similarity,
the act of resembling, the act of expression, and the presentation of the self (Gebauer,
1992).
According to Plato, all artistic creation is a form of imitation. Mimesis was a

concept that dominated the creation of art. It was acknowledged that the physical world
was a representation “for beauty, truth, and the good. (Leano, Jr. & Agtani, 2018).
For a long period of time, art was defined as a re-creation or duplication of

something that is aesthetically pleasing and significant. Until the 18 th century, an art
work’s worth was based on how it genuinely rendered its subject. (Solmerano, 2019)

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2. Art as representation (Aristotle).
Aristotle
Aristotle also defined mimesis “as the perfection, and imitation of nature.” Art
is not only imitation but also the use of mathematical ideas and symmetry in the search
for the perfect, the timeless, and contrasting being with becoming. Nature is full of
changes, but art can also search for what is everlasting (Auerbach, 1953).
In Aristotle’s discourse entitled Poetics, he stated that human beings are
mimetic beings, feeling an urge to create texts art that reflect and represent reality.
For Aristotle, all art forms not only intend to “represent reality as it is.” Art
attempts to furnish an image of what might be in reality. He sees art as representing a
variety of probable versions of reality.
Aristotle considered drama as being “an imitation of an action” and of tragedy
as “falling from a higher to a lower estate” and so being removed to a less ideal situation
in more tragic circumstances than before. (Leano, Jr. & Agtani, 2018).
3. Art for Art Sake (Kant).
Immanuel Kant

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In the minds of late eighteenth century and early nineteenth century

philosophers, the role of art could be nothing less than to create beauty.
The beautiful, for Emmanuel Kant (1724-1804), is “that which without any
concept is recognized as the object of necessary satisfaction.” Kant introduces
purposiveness without a purpose, allowing the mind of the one who contemplates art
freely to an unrestricted play of the mental faculties (Wilette, 2010).
The judgment of beauty is subjective. According to Kant, “When one judges a
particular painting as beautiful, one in effect is saying that the said painting has induced
a particular feeling of satisfaction from him and that he expects the painting to rouse
the same feeling from anyone … Every human being, after perception and the free play
of his faculties, should recognize the beauty that is inherent in a work of art.”
As Kant wrote in the Critique of Judgment, “For judging of beautiful objects as
such, taste is requisite; but for beautiful art, for the production of such objects genius is
requisite.” In a very famous statement, he asserted that “Genius is the talent (or natural
gift) which gives the rule to art.”
THE SUBJECT OF ART
This refers to any person, object, scene or event described or represented in a work of
art.
The Two Types of Subject of Art
1. Representational (or Objective).

*Representational art or figurative art represents objects or events in the real world,
and usually it looks easily recognizable.
*It uses “form” and is concerned with “what” is to be depicted in the artwork.
*They are artworks which are based on images which can be found in the objective
world, or at least in the artist’s imagination; i.e., images which can perhaps be named
or recognized.
2. Non-representational (or Non-Objective).

*Essentially, the artwork does not represent or depict a person, place, or thing in the
natural world.
*It is abstract in the sense that it doesn’t represent real objects in our world.
*It uses “content” and concerned with “how” the artwork is depicted.
SOURCES OF ART SUBJECTS
1. Nature: Animals, People, Landscapes. These three are the most common inspiration
and subject matter for art.

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Two Chickens by Carolyn Jarvis
2. History: Artists are sensitive to the events taking place in the world around them. The
dress, the houses, the manner of living, the thoughts of a period are necessarily reflected
in the work of the artist.
Triumph of Death by Pieter Bruegel
3. Greek and Roman mythology: These are the gods and goddesses. Its center is on
deities and heroes.
“Pensive Athena”

24
4. The Judaeo Christian tradition: Religion and Art, the Bible, the Apocrypha, the
rituals of the church.
The Crucifixion by Paolo Veneziano
5. Oriental Sacred Texts: The countries of the orient, especially China, Japan, and India,
have all produced sacred texts of one kind or another, and these inspired various kinds
of art. Most fruitful have been the texts and traditions of Hinduism and Buddhism.
Guanyin and attendant bodhisattvas
6. Other Works of Art: These are the subjects that can be found in those works that take
their subject directly from other works of art. For example, an artist can create an
artwork based on subjects from literature.
Mad Tea Party by Salvador Dali

25
KINDS OF SUBJECT
1. Still Life: These are groups of inanimate objects arranged in an indoor setting
Examples – flowers and fruits arrangements; dishes, food, pots and pans, musical
instruments and music sheets.
Still Life of Peaches and Pears by Paul Cezanne
2. Landscapes, Seascapes and Cityscapes: Artists have always been fascinated with
their physical environment.
Ocean City by Wayne Thiebaud
3. Animals: The earliest known paintings are representation of animals on the walls of
cave. The carabao has been a favorite subject of Filipino artists. Sometimes, animals
have been used as symbols in conventional religious art.
Heritage by Cai Guo Qiang

26
4. Portraits: Refer to realistic likeness of a person in sculpture, painting, drawing or print.
Girl with a Pearl Earring by Johannes Vermeer
5. Figures: A sculptor’s chief subject has traditionally been the human body, nude or
clothed. The body’s form, structure and flexibility offer the artist a big challenge to
depict it in a variety of ways, ranging from the idealistic as in the classical Greek
sculptures to the most abstract.
The Thinker by Auguste Rodin
6. Everyday Life: Artists have always shown a deep concern about life around them.
Many of them have recorded in paintings their observation of people going about their
usual ways and performing their usual tasks. Genre paintings usually are
representations of rice threshers, cockfighters, candle vendors, street musicians, and
children at play.
Las Meninas by Diego Velazquez

27
7. History and Legends: While many works may not be consciously done historical
records, certain information about history can be pieced from them such as the costumes
and accessories, the status symbols, the kinds of dwellings or the means of
transportation.
The Night Watch by Rembrandt
8. Religion and Mythology: Art has been a handmaiden of religion. Most of the world’s
religions have used the arts to aid in worship, to instruct, to inspire feelings of devotion
and to impress and convert non-believers.
The Angelus by Jean Francois Millet
9. Dreams and Fantasies: Dreams are usually vague and illogical. Artists, especially the
surrealists have tried to depict dreams as well as the grotesque terrors and apprehensions
that lurk in the depths of the subconscious.
A Eunuch’s Dream by Jean Lecomte du Nouy

28
DIFFERENT LEVELS OF MEANING (CONTENT IN ART)
1. Factual Meaning: The literal meaning or the narrative content in the work which can
be directly apprehended because the objects presented are easily recognized.
Examples: stones, river, house, etc.
2. Conventional Meaning: Refers to the special meaning that a certain object has in a
particular culture or group of people.
Examples: flag as symbol of a nation, cross for Christianity, crescent moon for Islam.
3. Subjective Meaning: Any personal meaning consciously or unconsciously conveyed

by the artist using a private symbolism which stems from his own association of certain
objects, actions or colors with past experiences.

29
PROGRESS CHECK
Pair Work: For each category, choose one example that you are familiar with. Discuss what
philosophical perspective is reflected in each example you gave. (10 points each)
A. Movie
B. Poem
C. Novel or short story
D. Music
E. Architectural structure
F. A piece of clothing
Individual Work: Select two artworks (1 representational and 1 non-representational) and

discuss why you have categorized them as such. Include title/name of artwork and its author.
(10 points each).

30
REFERENCES
Bookstore, Inc.
Leano, Jr., R.D. & Agtani, J.M.B. (20180. Art Appreciation for College Students. Manila:
Mindshapers Co., Inc.
Solmerano, E.T.M. (2019). Art Appreciation. Mandaluyong: Books Atbp. Publishing Corp.
Image Sources
Plato (marble portrait bust). Encyclopaedia Britannica.

https://www.britannica.com/biography/Plato (page 25)
Aristotle (marble portrait bust). (2nd century BCE). Encyclopaedia Britannica.

https://www.britannica.com/biography/Aristotle (page 26)
Immanuel Kant (print publication). (1812). Encyclopaedia Britannica.

https://www.britannica.com/biography/Immanuel-Kant (page 27)
Jarvis, J. (2012). Two Chickens (painting). Fine Art America.

https://fineartamerica.com/featured/two-chickens-carolyn-jarvis.html (page 28)
Bruegel, P. (mid-16th century). The Triumph of Death (painting). National Geographic.

https://www.nationalgeographic.com/science/health-and-human-body/human-
diseases/the-plague/ (page 29)
Pensive Athena (relief sculpture). (460 BCE). Encyclopaedia Britannica.

https://www.britannica.com/topic/Athena-Greek-mythology (page 29)
Veneziano, Paolo. (1340/45). The Crucifixion (tempera on wood). Encyclopaedia Britannica.

https://www.britannica.com/topic/cross-religious-symbol (page 29)
Guanyin and attendant bodhisattvas (detail of a painted cave mural). Encyclopaedia

Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/topic/Mahayana (page 30)
Dali, S. (1969). Mad Tea Party (painting). brainpickings.

https://www.brainpickings.org/2011/11/15/salvador-dali-alice-in-wonderland-1969/
(page 30)
Cezanne, P. (1888-1890). Still Life of Peaches and Pears (painting). Smithsonian Magazine.
https://www.smithsonianmag.com/travel/food-art-cultural-travel-180961648/ (page
31)
Thiebaud, W. (2006). Ocean City (painting). theartwolf.com.

http://www.theartwolf.com/articles/cityscape-painting.htm (page 31)

31
Qiang, C.G. (2013). Heritage (installation art). Phaidon.

https://uk.phaidon.com/agenda/art/articles/2018/august/20/astonishing-animals-cai-
guo-qiangs-heritage-installation/ (page 31)
Vermeer, J. (1665). Girl with a Pearl Earring (painting, oil on canvas). Encyclopaedia
Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/topic/Girl-with-a-Pearl-Earring-by-Vermeer
(page 32)
Rodin, A. (1904). The Thinker (bronze sculpture). Ecyclopaedia Britannica.

https://www.britannica.com/topic/The-Thinker-sculpture-by-Rodin (page 32)
Velazquez, D. (1656). Las Meninas (painting). Artsy. https://www.artsy.net/article/artsy-

editorial-centuries-people-las-meninas (page 32)
Van Rijn, R.H. (1842). The Night Watch (painting). smarthistory.

https://smarthistory.org/rembrandt-the-night-watch/ (page 33)
Millet, J.F. (1859). The Angelus (painting). Spirituality and Practice.

https://www.spiritualityandpractice.com/arts/features/view/28074/jean-francois-
millets-the-angelus (page 33)
Du Nouy, J.L. (1874). A Eunuch’s Dream (painting). Artsy.

https://www.artsy.net/article/artsy-editorial-art-historys-iconic-depictions-dreams-
renaissance-surrealism (page 33)

32

33
LEARNING GUIDE
Week No.: __4__
TOPIC : The Artist and the Artisan

Medium and Techniques
The Gawad sa Manlilikha ng Bayan Award (GAMABA)
By the end of this lesson, students should be able to:
1. justify the importance of the roles of the people related to art;

2. discuss the medium and techniques of the artist;
3. understand the value and contribution of national artists in our society; and
4. write an essay about the importance of the artist or the artwork.
CONTENT
1. Who are the people involved in creating an artwork?
2. What roles do they play in the creation of an artwork?
3. What are the considerations in the creation of an artwork?
4. How does an artist create an artwork?

34
THE ARTIST AND THE ARTISAN
The Artist
● Considered to be a person with the talent and the skills to conceptualize and make
creative works.
● Their artworks can take many forms and fit into numerous categories, such as
architecture, ceramics, digital art, drawings, mixed media, paintings, photographs,
prints, sculpture, and textiles.
● Dedicated to the creative side, making visually pleasing work for the enjoyment and
appreciation of the viewer.
Artist Hope Gangloff (photo by Don Stahl)
The Artisan
● Essentially, a manual worker who makes items with his or her hands, and who through
skill, experience and talent can create things of great beauty as well as being functional.
● Often, an artisan or craftsperson is a skilled worker, but not the inventor of the original
idea or form.
● An artisan or craftsperson may produce decorative or utilitarian arts, such as quilts or
baskets, or make fashion jewelry, forge iron, or blow glass into patterns and objects of
his own devising.
● Generally, artisans’ handiworks are geared towards ornamentation or functional
purposes.

35
Basket Weaving
Consider this:
Identify if the work or form of art is made by an artist or an artisan or both. Put a
check mark ( ∕) inside the corresponding box.
Artwork/Artform Artist Artisan Both

Architecture
Carpentry
Filmmaking
Floral Design
Glass Etching
Jewelry Design
Painting
Photography
Wood Carving
MEDIUM AND TECHNIQUES OF THE ARTIST
A medium is the material used by an artist to express his/her feelings or thoughts.
The medium of arts is classified into:

a. The Visual Arts: Those whose mediums can be seen and which occupy space. There
are two classes of visual arts – (1) The dimensional or two-dimensional arts (2D)
which include painting, drawing, printmaking and photography; and (2) The three-

36
dimensional arts (3D) which include sculpture, architecture, landscape, industrial

designs and crafts like furniture.
b. The Auditory Arts: Those whose mediums can be heard and which are expressed in
time. Example of auditory art is music, the art of arranging sounds in time so as to
produce a continuous, unified and evocative composition through melody, harmony,
rhythm, and timbre. It may be vocal or instrumental.
Technique is the manner in which the artist controls his medium to achieve the desired effect
and the ability which he fulfills the technical requirements of his particular work of art.
TECHNIQUES RELATED TO PAINTINGS
1. Encaustic: The medium for the powdered color is hot wax which is painted onto a
wood surface with a brush. It is then smoothed with a metal instrument resembling a
spoon, and then blended and set over a flame to soften and set the colors into the wood.
This method produces durable colors and permits sculptural modeling of the paint
surface. (This technique is rarely used today.)
2. Fresco Secco: In the dry plaster or “fresco secco” technique, pigments are usually
mixed with water, although other substances might also be used. The paint is then
applied to a dry plaster wall which has been wetted down with water. Example is the
Egyptian mural.
3. Fresco: This is also known as “Buon Fresco” or True Fresco, which entails painting
on freshly spread, moist plaster. This technique was perfected in Renaissance Italy.
Examples include Roman wall paintings at Pompeii, Giotto’s Arena Chapel at Padua
and Michelangelo’s Sistine Chapel ceiling.
4. Egg Tempera: In this method, the pigment is mixed with egg yolk, or both the yolk
and white of an egg. It is thinned with water and applied to a gesso ground (plaster
mixed with a binding) on a panel. Islamic and Medieval miniature paintings in books
and manuscripts are examples of egg tempera paintings. Artists who worked in egg
tempera include Cimabue, Duccio and Andrew Wyeth.
5. Mosaic: The design is created by small pieces of colored glass, stone or ceramic (called
Tesserae), embedded in wet mortar which has been spread over the surface to be
decorated. Their slightly irregular placement on a surface creates a very lively,
reflective surface when viewed at a distance. This was often used to decorate walls,
floors, and ceilings.
Roman monochrome floor mosaic

37
6. Oil Paint: Prior to the 15th century, oil paints were thick and hard to control, so they
were initially used only for utilitarian purposes. In the 15 th century, turpentine was
discovered to be an effective thinning agent. The Van Eyck brothers were credited with
perfecting the technique of oil painting, which they initially attempted to keep secret.
The Arnolfini Portrait (oil on oak) by Jan Van Eyck
In this technique, powdered colors are mixed with a fine oil, usually linseed oil. A
solvent, traditionally turpentine, is also used to thin the colors as desired, so that the
paint can be applied thickly and opaquely, or thinly and transparently.
7. Water color: Powdered pigments are mixed with gum-arabic or a similar substance
that will help them adhere to a surface. The artist then mixes them with water and
applies them to a ground, usually paper, with a soft brush. The final effect is that of
translucent washes of color. This method was the most important method of painting in
China and Japan from an early date but did not become popular with European artists
until after the 16th century.
8. Acrylic: Acrylics are artificial compounds developed in the twentieth century. The
binder used includes water, and the paints can be thinned with water, but once the paints
dry, they have a glossy, permanent surface that resembles the surface created by oils.
These paints can create most of the effects accomplished in oils and have the advantage
of not requiring the use of turpentine, which is toxic. The major disadvantage of acrylics
is that unless a retarding agent is mixed into the paint, it will dry much more quickly.
Since many artists prefer to be able to re-work the colors, many prefer oils to acrylics.
9. Collage: The word “collage” comes from the French verb “coller,” meaning “to paste.”
In this technique, photographs, news clippings or other objects are pasted on the
painting surface and may be combined with painted areas. The cuttings and objects may
be selected for their associative or representation values, or for the formal and textural
qualities of the result. One of the first examples (of a collage) was executed by Pablo
Picasso.

38
Violin and Newspaper (collage) by Pablo Picasso
10. Drawing: Work that is intended to be executed in almost any material may first be
envisioned in a drawing. There are some characteristics that make drawing particularly
attractive to the artist in many situations. Drawing materials are very portable – these
can be brought wherever the artist wishes to use his ability to make images. Through
this, it is possible to capture the candid moment, the action, or the mood, without the
obtrusive paraphernalia required for other methods.
Wild Vegetation by Vincent Van Gogh
11. Printmaking: A print is anything printed on a surface that is a direct result from the
duplication process. The five major types of prints are:
11.1 Relief: Relief prints are made by removing material from the matrix, the surface
the image has been carved into, which is often wood, linoleum, or metal. The
remaining surface is covered with ink or pigment, and then paper is pressed onto
the surface, picking up the ink. Letterpress is a relief printing process that transfers
ink to paper but also indents an impression into the surface of the paper, creating a
texture to the print that is often considered a sign of high quality.
11.2 Intaglio prints: They are made when a design is scratched into a matrix, usually
a metal plate. Ink is wiped across the surface and collects the scratches. Excess ink
is wiped off and paper is pressed onto the plate, picking up the ink from the
scratches.
11.3 Stencil prints: They are made by passing inks though a porous fine mesh matrix.

39
11.4 Woodcut: This kind of technique of printing designs from planks of wood incised
parallel to the vertical axis of the wood’s grain. It is one of the oldest methods of
making printings from a relief surface, having been used in China to decorate
textiles since the 5th century.
Woodblock printing paraphernalia in Zhuxian’s Yunji studio

(photo courtesy of David Leffman)
11.5 Engraving: In engraving, the design is cut into metal with a graver or burin. The
burin is a steel rod with a square or lozenge-shaped section and a slightly bent
shank.
THE GAWAD SA MANLILIKHA NG BAYAN AWARD (GAMABA)
GAMABA: An award that acknowledges folk and indigenous artists who, despite the modern
times, remain true to their traditions. Hereunder are some of the GAMABA awardees and their
work of art:
1. Darhata Sawabi: A Tausug weaver of Pis Syabit, the traditional cloth tapestry worn
as a head cover.
Darhata Sawabi

40
2. Eduardo Mutuc: An artist from Apalit, Pampanga who has dedicated his life to
creating religious and secular art in silver, bronze, and wood.
3. Haja Amina Appi: Recognized as master mat weaver among the sama indigenous
community for her unique designs, straightness of her edging (tabig), and fineness of
her sasa and kima-kima.
4. Alonzo Saclag: A Kalinga Master of Dance and the performing arts who mastered not
only the Kalinga musical instruments but also his dance patterns and movements
associated with his peoples’ ritual.
Alonzo Saclag
5. Federico Caballero: A Sulod Bukidnon epic chanter from Calinog, Iloilo who
ceaselessly works for the documentation of the oral literature, particularly the epics of
his people.
Tikum Kadlum by Federico Caballero
6. Uwang Ahadas: A Yakan musician who is a master of the kwintangan, kayu, and
tuntungan instruments.
Uwang Ahadas

41
7. Lang Dulay: A T’boli traditional weaver of T’nalak or T’boli cloth made of colorful
abaca fabrics.
8. Salinta Monon: A Tagbanua Bagobo traditional weaver of distinct abaca fabrics called
inabal.
9. Ginaw Bilog: A Hanunuo Mangyan poet who is considered as a master of ambahan
poetry.
Ginaw Bilog
10. Masino Intaray: A prolific and pre-eminent epic chanter and story-teller recognized
for his outstanding mastery of various traditional musical instruments of the Palawan
people such as basal, kulilal, and bagil.

42
PROGRESS CHECK
Write a three-paragraph essay answering the following question. You should be able to
justify your decision.
“Which is more important: the artist or the artwork?”
Rubric for grading the essay:

43
REFERENCES
Bookstore, Inc.
Solmerano, E.T.M. (2019). Art Appreciation. Mandaluyong: Books Atbp. Publishing Corp.
Image Sources
Stahl, D. (n.d.) Artist Hope Gangloff (photo). Stanford University.

https://museum.stanford.edu/exhibitions/artist-work-2017-hope-gangloff (page 39)
Basket-weaving (photo). Reach Unlimited. http://www.reach-

unlimited.com/p/934750070/basketweaving-is-a-life-skill (page 39)
Roman monochrome floor mosaic (mosaic art). (3rd century A.D.). Encyclopaedia Britannica.
https://www.britannica.com/art/mosaic-art/Periods-and-centres-of-activity (page 41)
Picasso, P. (1912). Violin and Newspaper. Picasso. https://www.pablo-ruiz-picasso.net/work-

4002.php (page 43)
Van Gogh, V. (1889). Wild Vegetation. Artistsnetwork. https://www.artistsnetwork.com/art-

history/masters-10-great-drawers-and-what-they-teach-us/ (page 43)
Leffman, D. (2019). Woodblock printing paraphernalia in Zhuxian’s Yunji studio. Post

Magazine. https://www.scmp.com/magazines/post-magazine/long-
reads/article/3017097/how-chinas-last-surviving-woodblock-print (page 44)
Darhata Sawabi (photo). CulturEd Philippines.

https://philippineculturaleducation.com.ph/darhata-sawabi/ (page 45)
Alonzo Saclag (photo). NCCA (National Commission for Culture and the Arts).
https://ncca.gov.ph/about-culture-and-arts/culture-profile/gamaba/national-living-
treasures-alonzo-saclag/ (page 45)
Tikum Kadlum (photo). The Aswang Project. https://www.aswangproject.com/sugidanon-

epic-of-panay/ (page 46)
Uwang Ahadas (photo). NCCA (National Commission for Culture and the Arts).
treasures-uwang-ahadas/ (page 46)
Ginaw Bilog (photo). CulturEd Philippines.

https://philippineculturaleducation.com.ph/ginaw-bilog/ (page 47)

44
REFERENCES
Bookstore, Inc.
Solmerano, E.T.M. (2019). Art Appreciation. Mandaluyong: Books Atbp. Publishing Corp
Image Sources:
Bonuel, N. (2020). Ang Huling El Bimbo (Musical) photo. CNN Philippines Life.
https://cnnphilippines.com/life/entertainment/2019/4/5/Ang-Huling-El-Bimbo-
review.html
Bruegel, P. (mid-16th century). The Triumph of Death (painting). National Geographic.

https://www.nationalgeographic.com/science/health-and-human-body/human-
diseases/the-plague/
Cezanne, P. (1888-1890). Still Life of Peaches and Pears (painting). Smithsonian Magazine.
https://www.smithsonianmag.com/travel/food-art-cultural-travel-180961648/
Dali, Salvador. (1941). The Mysterious Lips that Appeared on the Back of my Nurse (optical
illusion painting). Chillout point. http://www.chilloutpoint.com/art_and_design/illusions-
through-the-paintings-of-salvador-dali.html
Dali, S. (1969). Mad Tea Party (painting). brainpickings.

https://www.brainpickings.org/2011/11/15/salvador-dali-alice-in-wonderland-1969/
Du Nuoy, J.L. (1874). A Eunuch’s Dream (painting). Artsy.

https://www.artsy.net/article/artsy-editorial-art-historys-iconic-depictions-dreams-
renaissance-surrealism
Jarvis, J. (2012). Two Chickens (painting). Fine Art America.

https://fineartamerica.com/featured/two-chickens-carolyn-jarvis.html
Leffman, D. (2019). Woodblock printing paraphernalia in Zhuxian’s Yunji studio. Post

Magazine. https://www.scmp.com/magazines/post-magazine/long-
reads/article/3017097/how-chinas-last-surviving-woodblock-print
Millet, J.F. (1859). The Angelus (painting). Spirituality and Practice.

https://www.spiritualityandpractice.com/arts/features/view/28074/jean-francois-
millets-the-angelus
Picasso, P. (1903). The Old Guitarist (oil on panel painting). TotallyHistory.

http://totallyhistory.com/the-old-guitarist/
Picasso, P. (1912). Violin and Newspaper. Picasso. https://www.pablo-ruiz-picasso.net/work-

4002.php

45
Qiang, C.G. (2013). Heritage (installation art). Phaidon.

https://uk.phaidon.com/agenda/art/articles/2018/august/20/astonishing-animals-cai-
guo-qiangs-heritage-installation/
Rodin, A. (1904). The Thinker (bronze sculpture). Ecyclopaedia Britannica.

https://www.britannica.com/topic/The-Thinker-sculpture-by-Rodin
Stahl, D. (n.d.) Artist Hope Gangloff (photo). Stanford University.

https://museum.stanford.edu/exhibitions/artist-work-2017-hope-gangloff
Thiebaud, W. (2006). Ocean City (painting). theartwolf.com.

http://www.theartwolf.com/articles/cityscape-painting.htm
Van Gogh, V. (1889). Wild Vegetation. Artistsnetwork. https://www.artistsnetwork.com/art-

history/masters-10-great-drawers-and-what-they-teach-us/
Van Rijn, R.H. (1842). The Night Watch (painting). smarthistory.

https://smarthistory.org/rembrandt-the-night-watch/
Velazquez, D. (1656). Las Meninas (painting). Artsy. https://www.artsy.net/article/artsy-

editorial-centuries-people-las-meninas
Veneziano, Paolo. (1340/45). The Crucifixion (tempera on wood). Encyclopaedia Britannica.

https://www.britannica.com/topic/cross-religious-symbol
Vermeer, J. (1665). Girl with a Pearl Earring (painting, oil on canvas). Encyclopaedia
Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/topic/Girl-with-a-Pearl-Earring-by-Vermeer
Additional Image Sources:

Alonzo Saclag (photo). NCCA (National Commission for Culture and the Arts).
treasures-alonzo-saclag/
Aristotle (marble portrait bust). (2nd century BCE). Encyclopaedia Britannica.

https://www.britannica.com/biography/Aristotle
Basket-weaving (photo). Reach Unlimited. http://www.reach-

unlimited.com/p/934750070/basketweaving-is-a-life-skill
Cultural Center of the Philippines (photo). Cultural Center of the Philippines.

https://www.culturalcenter.gov.ph/pages/history
Darhata Sawabi (photo). CulturEd Philippines.

https://philippineculturaleducation.com.ph/darhata-sawabi/
Furniture by Kenneth Cobonpue photo. Kenneth Cobonpue.

http://www.kennethcobonpue.com/

46
Ginaw Bilog (photo). CulturEd Philippines.

https://philippineculturaleducation.com.ph/ginaw-bilog/
Guanyin and attendant bodhisattvas (detail of a painted cave mural). Encyclopaedia

Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/topic/Mahayana
Immanuel Kant (print publication). (1812). Encyclopaedia Britannica.

https://www.britannica.com/biography/Immanuel-Kant
Pensive Athena (relief sculpture). (460 BCE). Encyclopaedia Britannica.

https://www.britannica.com/topic/Athena-Greek-mythology
Plato (marble portrait bust). Encyclopaedia Britannica.

https://www.britannica.com/biography/Plato
Roman monochrome floor mosaic (mosaic art). (3rd century A.D.). Encyclopaedia Britannica.
https://www.britannica.com/art/mosaic-art/Periods-and-centres-of-activity
SB19 photo. Starmometer. https://starmometer.com/2019/09/08/watch-sb19-go-up-2x-speed-

dance-challenge/
Star Wars: Episode IV – A New Hope (1977) poster. IMDb.

https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0076759/
The Little Prince book cover. Amazon. https://www.amazon.com/Little-Prince-Antoine-

Saint-Exupery-ebook/dp/B008QYT7DI
The Philippine Madrigal Singers photo. The Philippine Madrigal Singers.

http://www.philippinemadrigalsingers.com/
Tikum Kadlum (photo). The Aswang Project. https://www.aswangproject.com/sugidanon-

epic-of-panay/
Uwang Ahadas (photo). NCCA (National Commission for Culture and the Arts).
treasures-uwang-ahadas/

47
ABOUT THE AUTHORS
Apraille Dee Josephine M. Anglo is currently a full-time instructor at the Technological

University of the Philippines Visayas. She studied at the University of St. La Salle (USLS)
where she took up AB Mass Communication (cum laude). At present, she is pursuing her
Master in Business Administration major in Human Resource Management at USLS.
Marian Christina Grace T. Ferrer is also an instructor at the Technological University of

the Philippines Visayas. She earned her Bachelor of Secondary Education Major in English
degree from the University of St. La Salle (USLS). She also attained complete academic
requirements for Master of Arts Major in English Language and Literature Teaching from the
Ateneo de Manila University Loyola Schools. Currently, she is taking Master of Arts in
Education Major in English and Literature at La Consolacion College-Bacolod.


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TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES VISAYAS

College of Engineering Technology

BASIC ARTS AND SCIENCES DEPARTMENT

APRAILLE DEE JOSEPHINE M. ANGLO

This module is a property of Technological University of the Philippines Visayas intended

T - Transparent and participatory governance

This module is a property of Technological University of the Philippines Visayas intended

This module is a property of Technological University of the Philippines Visayas intended

The Commission on Higher Education (CHED) has identified Art Appreciation as a

1. Demonstrate an understanding and appreciation of the arts in general, including

GENERAL GUIDELINES/CLASS RULES

This module is a property of Technological University of the Philippines Visayas intended

Prelim Grade : (Average of Weekly Assessments from Week 1 to 4)

This module is a property of Technological University of the Philippines Visayas intended

Week No.: __1__

TOPIC: Introduction to Art Appreciation

1. demonstrate understanding on the meaning and relevance of art and art

What makes people like a certain piece of work?

This module is a property of Technological University of the Philippines Visayas intended

What images do you immediately see?

The Old Guitarist by Pablo Picasso

This module is a property of Technological University of the Philippines Visayas intended

ARTS AND THE HUMANITIES

Cave painting in Altamira Spain

This module is a property of Technological University of the Philippines Visayas intended

ART IS NOT NATURE

Park of the Chateau Noir with Well by Paul Cezanne

ART INVOLVES EXPERIENCE

This module is a property of Technological University of the Philippines Visayas intended

CREATIVITY AND IMAGINATION

• Thinking of something like a • Doing something meaningful with your

Being creative vs Being imaginative

This module is a property of Technological University of the Philippines Visayas intended

I. Answer the following questions.

2. Why is art not nature? (10 points)

3. Why is art ageless and timeless? (10 points)

4. Why does art involve experience? (10 points)

Content = 5 points Organization = 3 points Mechanics = 2 points

1. What is the artwork all about? What is it for? (10 points)

This module is a property of Technological University of the Philippines Visayas intended

Content = 5 points Organization = 3 points Mechanics = 2 points

This module is a property of Technological University of the Philippines Visayas intended

Picasso, P. (1903). The Old Guitarist (oil on panel painting). TotallyHistory.

This module is a property of Technological University of the Philippines Visayas intended

Week No.: __2__

TOPIC: Nature, Categories and Functions of Art

1. discuss the nature of art’s preliminary expression;

MORE BASIC ASSUMPTIONS OF ART

This module is a property of Technological University of the Philippines Visayas intended

• Art is a diverse range of human activities in creating visual, auditory, or performing

This module is a property of Technological University of the Philippines Visayas intended

“Tampuhan” by Juan Luna

“Star Wars” (1977)

This module is a property of Technological University of the Philippines Visayas intended

Philippine Madrigal Singers

The Cultural Center of the Philippines

This module is a property of Technological University of the Philippines Visayas intended

“The Little Prince”

This module is a property of Technological University of the Philippines Visayas intended

“Ang Huling El Bimbo” (Musical)

Furniture by Kenneth Cobonpue

“What sets apart one artwork from another is CREATIVITY.”

Week No.: 1

Week No.: 2

Week No.: 3