Tutorial 1

Second order linear differential equations with variable coefficients, Method of variation of parameters
Q1. Solve the following linear Differential Equation using operator method:
3sin x − 4 cos x
1. ( D 2 + 4 D + 4 ) y = sin x [ Ans: y = ( c1 + c2 x ) e −2 x +
25
5 x cos 2 x
2. (D 2
)
+ 4 y = 5 x 2 + sin 2 x [ Ans: y = ( C1 cos 2 x + C2 sin 2 x ) +
8
( )
2x2 − 1 −
4
]

x2
3. ( D 2 + 3D + 2 ) y = x + x 2 [Ans: y = c1e− x + c2e−2 x +2
− x +1]

4. ( D 2 − D ) y = 2 x + 1 + 4 cos x + 2e x [Ans: y = c1 + c2 e − x − xe x − x 2 − 3 x − 2 sin x − 2 cos x ]

2 xe x
5. ( )
D 2 − 1 y = e x (1 + x ) [Ans: y = c1e x + c2e− x +
12
( 3 + 3x + 2 x 2 ) ]

e2 x
6. ( D 2 + D − 6 ) y = e 2 x sin 3 x [Ans: y = c1e 2 x + c2 e −3 x − ( 5cos 3x + 3sin 3x ) ]
102
Q.2 Solve by using method of undetermined coefficients:

1. (D 2
+ 2 D + 4 ) y = 2 x 2 + 3e − x
2. (D 2
+ 1) y = sin x
3. (D 2
+ 1) y = 2 cos x
4. (D 2
− 5 D + 6 ) y = e3 x + sin x
d2y dy
5. 2
− 2 + 3 y = x 3 + cos x
dx dx
d2y dy
6. 2
− 2 = e x sin x
dx dx

Q3.Solve the following by method of variation of parameters :

1. (D2 + 1)y = tan x  Ans. : y = C1 cos x + C2 sin x − cos x [log(sec x + tan x)]
2. (D2 + 1)y = cosec x cot x [Ans.: C1 sin x + C2cos x −cos x log (sin x) −cos x −x sin x]
d2 y 1
3. 2
+y= [Ans. : y = C1 cos x + C2 sin x − 1− x cos x + sin x log(1+ sin x) + sinx ]
dx 1 + sin x
4. (D2 + 1)y = 3x − 8 cot x [Ans. : y = C1 cos x + C2 sin x − 8 sin x log(cosec x − cot x) + 3x ]
2
5. (D2 − 1)y = x
[Ans.: y = C1ex + C2e−x− 1 + (ex− e−x) log (1 + ex) ]
1+ e
Tutorial 2
Cauchy-Euler equation; Power series solutions, Legendre polynomials
Q1. Solve the following linear Differential equation:
d2 y dy  1 2 1 1
1. x 2 + 2x. − 20y = (x + 1)2 4 −5
 y = C1 x + C2 x − 14 x − 9 x − 20 
dx 2 dx
d2 y dy  C 1 1 3 
2. x 2 2
− 4y = x 2 + 2log x  y = C1x 4 + 2 - x 2 -  logx -  
− 2x.
dx dx  x 6 2 4 
2
d y dy  x2 
3. x 2 2 − 3x + 5y = x 2 sin(log x)  y = x 2 [C1 sin(log x) + C2 cos(log x) ] − log x cos(log x) 
dx dx  2 
 d2 y dy
4. x2 2
−x + 4y = cos {log (x)} + x sin {log (x)}
dx dx
  
x 1 
Ans. : y = x C1 cos( 3 log x) + C2 sin( 3 log x) + 2 sin(log x) + 13 [3 cos(log x) − 2 sin(log x)]
d2 y dy  2  1  1 3
5. x 2 + x. − 4y = x 3  Ans. : y = C1x + C2  2  + 5 x 
dx 2 dx  x  
Q2. Find the power series solution in powers of x of the differential equation
1. xy '− ( x + 2) y − 2 x 2 − 2 x = 0 Ans: y = 2 x + c2 x 2 e x
 1   1 3 
2. y ''+ xy '+ ( x2 + 2) y = 0 Ans: y = c0 1 − x 2 + x 4 + ...... + c1  x − x3 + x5 + ......
 4   2 40 
11 1 11
3. ( x2 − 1) y ''+ 3xy '+ xy = 0 with y(0) = 4, y '(0) = 6 Ans: y = 4 + 6 x + x 3 + x 4 + x 5 ....
3 2 4