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Student Name:Tasneem Arshad Registration Number: 11710456

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Web Link :https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/economy/foreign-trade/indias-cooking-oil-imports-expected-to-

grow-at-3-4-per-annum-till-2030-says-economic-survey/articleshow/89252780.cms
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 India’s cooking oil imports will continue to grow at a high growth rate of 3.4 % per annum till 2030 due to growing urbanization and
changing dietary habits with a shift toward highly processed foods with high content of vegetable oils, said the Economic Survey
2021-22 on Monday.

Though, the oilseed production in India has grown by almost 43 per cent from 2015-16 to 2020-21. The oil production in India has
however lagged behind its consumption, necessitating import of edible oils.India is the world’s second-largest consumer and number
one importer of vegetable oil.

 The Economic Survey noted that the ‘oils and fats’ contributed around 60 percent of ‘food and beverages’ inflation despite having a
weight of only 7.8 per cent in the group. Inflation of the sub-group has risen sharply since mid-2019; remained in double digits since
April 2020 and witnessed further uptrend in Prices and Inflation 173 2021-22 In 2021-22 (April - December), its inflation has been
30.9 per cent, and stood at 24.3 per cent in December 2021.

 India imports around 60 per cent of its consumption of edible oils’, and palm oils constitute around 60 per cent of the imports of edible
oils. “The current spike in prices of edible oils is mainly on account of high and increasing international prices of edible oils. The rise
in oil component of Food and Agriculture Organisation’s (FAO) food price index from May 2020 onwards has been steep and reached
a 10-year high due to robust global import demand amidst the shortages over migrant labour impacting production in Malaysia,’’ said
the survey.
 “As urbanization increases in developing countries, dietary habits and traditional meal patterns are expected to shift towards processed
foods that have a high content of vegetable oil. Vegetable oil consumption in India is, therefore, expected to remain high due to high
population growth and consequent urbanization. As per the OECD-FAO Agricultural Outlook 2021-2030, India is projected to
maintain a high per capita vegetable oil consumption growth of 2.6 per cent per annum reaching 14 kg/capita by 2030 necessitating a
high import growth of 3.4 per cent per annum,” the Survey said.
 The rise in international prices was accompanied by a decline in imports of edible oils. During the oil year 2020-21 (November 2020-
October 2021), India’s imports of edible oils has been the lowest in the last six years. However, in terms of value, it has increased by
63.5 per cent in 2020-21 as compared to 2019-20, reflecting the rise in international prices of edible oils.

 To increase domestic production of edible oils, in August, 2021, National Mission on Edible Oils - Oil Palm (NMEO-OP) has been
launched to augment the availability of edible oil in the country by harnessing area expansion and through price incentives. Given the
fact that even today around 98 per cent of CPO is being imported the NMEO-OP may be considered a major initiative of the Government.
 To soften the prices of edible oils, the basic duty on Refined palm oil/Palmolein, Refined Soyabean oil and Refined Sunflower oil has
been reduced to 17.5 per cent from 32.5 percent with effect from 14th October 2021. Futures trading in mustard oil on NCDEX has
been suspended and stock limits have been imposed. The Department of Food and Public Distribution has imposed stock limits on
Edible Oils and Oilseeds for a period up to 31st March, 2022. The Removal of Licensing Requirements, Stock Limit and Movement
Restrictions on Specified Foodstuffs (Amendment) Order, 2021 has been issued w.e.f. 8th October, 2021.
 “It has also been directed to ensure that Edible Oils and Edible Oilseeds stock is regularly declared and updated on the portal of the
Department of Food & Public Distribution. The government is taking steps to improve the production of secondary edible oils,
especially rice bran oil to reduce the import dependence,” said the Survey.


 CHALLENGES

1. Indians will probably buy expensive cooking oils from overseas for at least another 15 years, as demand continues to far outpace
domestic production.
2. India will likely produce about 10 million tons of edible oils in 2021-22, compared with local consumption of as much as 23 million
tons.
3. Incentives for India’s farmers to grow oilseeds are still weak as compared to growing cotton,rice, wheat and sugar.
4. The problem of cost, India’s attempts to ease inflation by cutting duties on edible oil imports and imposing limits on inventories have
so far failed to lower costs.
5.  In New Delhi, vegetable oils — such as those extracted from rapeseed, sunflower, soybean and palm — rose between 12% to more
than 30% in 2021, according to the food ministry.

SOLUTIONS
 Rice farmers should be encouraged to grow sunflower during India’s rainy months, for instance, and wheat producers to cultivate
rapeseed in the winter.
 Government should increase the incentives for growing oilseeds.
 Moving part of the supply chain locally may help.
 Import soybeans and crush them domestically, rather than simply purchase soybean oil. That would potentially boost soy oil supplies
at home and meet rising demand for feed from the poultry industry.