The Command-and-Control

Model for Good Governance of

Public Trusts: An evaluation of
the Bombay type of Regulatory
Regime

Research Proposal- Assignment 1

Kajal Bind
Email: kajalbind22@gmail.com
Mobile no: 6389316569
Words count: 5000 approx.
 1. Abstract

This research paper examines the breadth and depth of command and control of good
governance. A manner the keys to selling sound overall performance are disclosure and
transparency. If leader executives understand that forums could be annoying complete disclosure
after which the usage of that statistics to perform their governance duties, the degree could be set
for an extra efficient control/board relationship. That is, a partnership wherein the board enables
control achieve pursuing and reaching the enterprise`s mission Boards, in turn, simplest will call
for and use the statistics in the event that they understand that they should percentage with the
network, in a comprehensible manner, the consequences in their enterprises` work. Thus forums,
in effect, should be held publicly answerable for the overall performance in their enterprises.
 2. DECLARATION

I, Kajal Bind, a fourth semester student at Prayag Vidhi Mahavidlaya and currently a research
intern at Centre for Advanced Research on Corporate and Insolvency Laws at Chanakya Law
University, Patna, hereby declare that this research proposal has been completed keeping in
adherence to the principles of integrity and academic morality. No unfair means were employed
in the formulation, assemblance or researching of this project. Materials and sources borrowed
from third parties have been cited accordingly and credit accredited to original authors. Any
resemblance thereof with any matter published or unpublished is purely unintentional.

Name: - Kajal Bind

Semester IV

Prayag Vidhi mahavidlaya, Allahabad

3. Contents
1. Abstract..........................................................................................................................................2
2. DECLARATION...........................................................................................................................0
3. INTRODUCTION..........................................................................................................................1
4. Hypothesis......................................................................................................................................2
5. Statement of the problem...............................................................................................................3
6. Literature Review...........................................................................................................................5
7. Objective of the Research..............................................................................................................7
8. RESEARCH QUESTIONS............................................................................................................7
9. Methodology..................................................................................................................................7
10. What is good and bad governance?.............................................................................................8
11. Strategies for Improving Regulatory Quality..............................................................................9
12. Regulatory Regime of Bombay.................................................................................................11
13. Analysis.....................................................................................................................................15
14. Conclusion.................................................................................................................................15
15. BIBLIOGRAPHY.....................................................................................................................16
 4. INTRODUCTION

Good governance is the process of measuring how well public institutions conduct public affairs
and manage public resources and ensure the realization of human rights in a manner that is
essentially free from abuse and corruption and with due respect for the rule of law. Governance is
"the process of making decisions and the process by which decisions are (or are not)
implemented Governance in this context can refer to corporate, international, national or local
governances well as interactions between other sectors of society. The concept of "good
governance" thus emerges as a model for comparing ineffective economies or political bodies
with viable economies and political bodies. 1The concept focuses on the responsibility of
governments and governing bodies to meet the needs of the masses and unselected groups in
society. Because the countries often cited as the "most successful" are liberal democracies
cantered on Europe and America, standards of good governance often compare other state
institutions to these states. Aid organizations and agencies in developed countries often focus the
meaning of "good governance" on a set of requirements that fit the organization's agenda, making
"good governance" imply many different things in different contexts in many countries The
opposite of good governance as a concept is bad governance2.

1
Good governance - Wikipedia En.wikipedia.org, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Good_governance (last visited
May 13, 2022)

2
Good Governance Drishti IAS, https://www.drishtiias.com/to-the-points/paper4/good-governance-2 (last
visited May 13, 2022)
 5. Hypothesis

Governance may be a word that – for many – conjures up images of a magical web – albeit
frustrating – through which frustratingly slow paper movement takes place, and sometimes gets
caught during a loop, while one waits with angelic patience (sic) for a few decisions and
outcome! the entire area of Governance poses profound questions and yet has, by and enormous,
received perfunctory treatment. Governance may be a generic term. it's been variously defined.
From a rather expansive and soulful definition employed by Lt Governor Jagmohan, that
includes almost every stakeholder within the society. The context may be a wide canvass
provided by the concerns of the entire nation state and its spirit with the long traditions and
moorings within the cultural spirit of India. Then there's the more down to earth definition
employed by Arun Shourie in his interesting yet practical book, where the priority is with the
involuted processes indulged in by the Indian bureaucracy. Between them one finds an entire
spectrum traversed. The World Bank and UNDP define it on do with the way of exercise of
power and complex of mechanisms respectively, trying to specialise in processes instead of
agents and institutions, We, for the needs of this text take the view that it has to do with the
strategies that affect identification of the lacunae and operationalising (including the power to try
to so from economic/ financial point of view) the policy initiatives to be undertaken given the
objectives of the government. 3The framework of policy regimen is made through principles of
governance. It encompasses an area that maps elements that are sometimes esoteric and at other
times mundane, yet always crucial to the success of the general agenda. The parametric

3
Good Governance: Definition and Characteristics - UCLG ASPAC UCLG ASPAC,
https://uclg-aspac.org/en/good-governance-definition-and-characteristics/ (last visited May 13, 2022)
 environment (the economic aspect) that circumscribes the governance by a government (Local,
State or Central) is defined by the marc economic ethos, which is partly the results of given
circumstances (dominant international views) and partly a result of conscious decisions by the
Central or national government. To some extent this is also conditioned by the prevailing
political formations at various levels within the country. In its turn, every level of state is
instrumental in defining such an environment for lower structures of state.
Command and manage devices contain a central authority issuing a command, which units a
well-known after which controlling overall performance through tracking and requiring
adherence to that well known. It is maximum normally implemented to pollutants issues, wherein
a command is probably that no facility will emit extra than ‘x’ gadgets of pollutant in step with
measured output unit or measure. In the case of minimizing GHG emissions and selling
renewables, consisting of bioenergy, the pollution of subject might manifestly be GHGs.4

6. Statement of the problem

Assuring public believe is a cussed problem. Evidence of that is clean with inside the public
quarter, wherein incumbents almost constantly win re-election notwithstanding periodic
alternatives to ‘‘vote the rascals out.’’ It is likewise glaring with inside the non-public quarter,
wherein no matter proxy vote casting and annual meetings, rejection of control tasks is so
uncommon that it's miles a newsworthy occasion whilst it occurs. The non-profit quarter lacks
these ‘‘gross’’ overall performance safeguards, in addition to the authorities and inventory trade
regulatory necessities of the publicly traded corporation. Effective non-profit quarter overall
performance may be confident simplest if managers and board individuals recognise that useless
overall performance could be discovered out.

In July 2005, metropolis was battered by outstandingly serious monsoon rains. in mere twelve
hours, quite twenty-five inches deluged India’s business capital. That, combined with record high
tides, wreaked widespread mayhem, transportation the town to a virtual standstill. because the
water rose waist-deep in several areas, individuals found themselves stranded at railway stations,
in trains, and on roads and sidewalks.

4
Ice.org.uk, https://www.ice.org.uk/media/jb2lchqu/paper-02-03-governance-key-principles-
and-structure.pdf (last visited May 13, 2022)
Among them were several of Mumbai’s dabbawallas, World Health Organization deliver meals
ready in customers’ homes to their offices so come back the empty dabbas (metal lunchboxes) a
similar day. however, on the second day of the flooding, even before the town had limped back
to life, the dabbawallas were back on the task, walk through the water. They quickly became an
emblem of gritty resilience.

The 5,000 about dabbawallas within the town have associate astounding service record. each
operating day they transport quite one hundred thirty,000 lunchboxes throughout metropolis, the
world’s fourth-most-populous town. Those entails conducting upwards of 260,000 transactions in
six hours every day, six days every week, fifty-two weeks a year (minus holidays), however
mistakes square measure extraordinarily rare. Amazingly, the dabbawallas—semiliterate
employees World Health Organization for the most part manage themselves—have achieved that
level of performance at terribly low value, in associate eco-friendly means, while not the
utilization of any IT system or maybe cell phones.

The dabbawalla service is famous for its responsibleness. Since it had been supported, in 1890,
its endured famines, wars, monsoons, Hindu-Muslim riots, and a series of terrorist attacks. it's
attracted worldwide attention and visits by Charles, Richard Branson, and staff of Federal
categorical, a corporation known for its own mastery of provision.

How will a poorly educated, suburbanized work force performs thus superbly in associate
surroundings which will charitably be delineated as unpredictable and challenging? The answers
hold lessons not just for corporations seeking to expand in rising markets however conjointly for
all developed-economy enterprises whose ranks square measure dominated by ordinary talent.
Even companies which will afford to rent stars generally rely upon a solid of average individuals
to support them. The dabbawallas’ success is proof that with the proper system in situ, standard
employees can do extraordinary results.
 5

After hearing regarding the dabbawallas, I travelled to metropolis to uncover what they may
teach America regarding managing a superior service organization. With the support of Harvard
Business School’s Republic of India research facility (IRC), I reviewed the literature on the
dabbawallas, interviewed employees and supervisors in their organization, and accompanied
them throughout a typical delivery day. I analysed their operation and its inner workings.

As these incidents there are many more incidents which declare that Bombay is going with bad
covariance in the past Andin present also because whenever in every rainy season there is always
a one-time flood situation in Bombay and people of Bombay has to face it and for the food they
have to be d3ependent on these dabbawalla and lunch box service which are also going on
shortage day by day and even in the covid times these services were shut down and has taken all
the control over all the new things and because of which many people have to sleep even without
getting the food for the day .

7. Literature Review

The statement "The quality of life in Mumbai is poor" is one that no stakeholder of the city will
disagree with - citizens (rich or poor), urban administrators, elected representatives, media,
corporate leaders or civil society organizations. This unanimity in opinion is based primarily on
two sets of perceptions: the first is the visible evidence of poor quality of urban life, both in

5
An effective governance model The Economic Times, https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/opinion/et-
commentary/an-effective-governance-model/articleshow/5298319.cms?from=mdr (last visited May 13,
2022)
 absolute terms as well as when compared to other cities around the world. This visible evidence
can be seen on a day-to-day basis, in the presence of the overwhelming number of slums, the
frequent flooding during the monsoons, the challenges of garbage, creaking and over-burdened
public transportation systems, poor air quality, non-existent public spaces and so on.

There in the many days there have been many changes taken place in Bombay to make it a good
step and lively hood better but day by day as the population is increasing the changes are taken
place are not sufficient at all. Also, government has to take good steps to provide the better
communication and better lively hood to the people.

Regulatory regime means that the principles that govern a money facility, service or product
and should embody legislation, the rules, policies and practices of a regulator and for the
Bombay pace it should be more better because Bombay is also known as thew marketing capital
for India and for their India the marketing capital should be the most advanced state of the
country and foremost the most cleanest and also there should b3e good governance without thew
corruption in the state of Bombay day by day it should get better and also thew people4 of
Bombay are responsible for making it better .6

Regulatory Rules suggests that all company and securities laws, rules, rules, policies, notices,
instruments and alternative orders of any kind whatever which can, from time to time, apply to
the implementation, operation or change of this arrange or the choices granted from time to time
hereinafter together with, while not limitation, those of the applicable restrictive Authorities.

It suggests that any law, regulation or writ, or any rule, direction, guideline, code, notice or
restriction (whether or not having the force of law) issued by any administrative unit,
governmental agency (including tax authority), clearing or settlement bank or exchange, or
business or self-regulatory body, whether or not in or outside metropolis, to that HKICL, we
have a tendency to or the other Participant or the various affiliates or cluster corporations,
otherwise you square measure subject or square measure expected to fits from time to time.7

6
Walking the talk Mumbai Mirror,
https://mumbaimirror.indiatimes.com/opinion/columnists/n-vittal/walking-the-talk/articleshow/
15825678.cms (last visited May 13, 2022)
7
regulatory regime Definition | Law Insider Law Insider, https://www.lawinsider.com/dictionary/regulatory-
regime#:~:text=regulatory%20regime%20means%20the%20rules,and%20practices%20of%20a
%20regulator (last visited May 13, 2022)
 “Transparency is the most important aspect of good governance in a democratic system. The
modern concept of the Darbar promotes transparency. The method of connecting with the people
through the Janata Darbar by the public authorities is becoming popular. Thus, this Darbar Hall,
in a new context, is a symbol of our new India, new Maharashtra and our vibrant democracy,”
said Mr. Kovind, after inaugurating the newly built Darbar hall at State Governor’s residence Raj
Bhavan in Mumbai. He was joined at the podium by Governor Bhagat Singh Koshyari, Chief
Minister Uddhav Thackeray, deputy CM Ajit Pawar and State’s Public Works Department
Minister Ashok Chavan.8

8. Objective of the Research

 To find out the meaning of the good governance .

 To explore the Bombay regulatory regime and understand its idea.
 To understand the working model of the government.
 To get to the real observation and to get the details of the good governance in all the states.

9. RESEARCH QUESTIONS

1. Can economic, financial, social inclusion and good governance at the societal level be solutions
for the global economic future?
2. What are the problems and theses proposed in the field of: Ethics and good governance in
Bombay?
3. Why is it that most governments in Bombay have failed to promote good governance?
4. How women workers contribute the good governance in public sectors?
8
‘Transparency is important in good governance,’ says President Kovind Thehindu.com,
https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/mumbai/transparency-is-important-in-good-governance-says-
president-kovind/article38415791.ece (last visited May 13, 2022)
 10. Methodology

The primary supply for this study remains the review of already offered literature and analysis
proposals already issued on the topic. The author depends on associate degree observation-based
strategy and gain specific statements. within the initial stage of the study, the author collects
hard-facts and information associated with the topic matter from numerous sources. The sources
being the Constitutional provisions, legislations developed by the Parliament, articles, blogs,
opinion columns, webpages and e-journal. when information assortment, the second stage of the
work would see the author classifying the analysis paper into chunks and sections within which
that they had to be written. The third and also the ending, analysis and discussion of the analysis
objectives when the statement of temporary truth and information is brough to an in depth. The
analysis remains restrained thanks to lack of scientific connotations and physical sample
examinations clip by the pandemic.

11. What is good and bad governance?

The roots of the concept lie far in history. Paradoxically, as the “bad governance practices”
became perceived as something wrong and misleading, the new wave of interest in it had raised a
“universalistic” consideration of the term. Both the tendencies – bottom-up and from the top –
could be recognized and it is not easy to find out what direction is more influential. Many
examples show that good governance practice or various codes connected with it was formed by
big investors in private sector or by umbrella associations in civil sector, as well as by the
governments if some problems had become apparent and was seen as a political problem. That is,
it is clear good governance could cover various levels of influence – it could be designed for the
individual firm, for the whole industry as well as for international community.
 But the cruel question is what good governance is? The widely accepted definition says good
governance is “the process of decision-making and the process by which decisions are
implemented” or “things are properly done” It refers to the way how the resources (in any form)
are used at various levels and in various areas of society´s life – frankly speaking the procedural
aspects are the most important. That is why the concept is not concerning on the explicit and
concrete final outputs – it focuses more for designing the proper processes that result in and
ensure the sufficient (preferable “good”) outcomes. Many recommendations had the character of
ex ante recommendations that determine compliant results that are afterwards ex post examined
if they had been into accordance with the goals. The feedback is very important for the concept.

Mostly it is defined by a list of basic principles introducing the fundaments of the concept. The
lists could be very broad and here we try to synthesize the basic characteristics that are most
often associated with it. These are: transparency – means that process (together with
responsibility depending on roles and functions) of decision-making and enforcement of it are
done in manner that follows rules and regulations it is built upon free flow of information, on
their availability, direct accessibility, clearness and in an understandable way for all stakeholder’s
participation – both the men and women should have voice through direct or intermediate
subjects representing their interest. 9

The precondition for that is that basic rights such as freedom of association and freedom of the
speech are present for broad participation, as well as the capacities for participation are
developed (organized civil society) 10 rule of law – the fair enforceable legal frameworks could
primarily protect the human rights of all members of society. A crucial precondition is the
independent and impartial judicial power, impartial police and investigation and non-corruption
accountability – is seen as the key requirement of the concept. The understanding of the word
and its difference compared to the Slavic languages is very difficult, because it is understood as
responsibility. But it is not.10

Accountability means to be answerable for decisions and having meaningful mechanisms in

place to ensure adherence to all applicable standards It is dealing all the government, state
administration, private and the civil sector, which should be accountable to the public, as well as
to their institutional stakeholders – generally to those who will be affected by its decisions or
acting. This means that it covers a different range of insiders as well as outsiders. Accountability

9
Good governance - Wikipedia En.wikipedia.org, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Good_governance (last visited
May 13, 2022)
10
Good Governance: Meaning, Limitations and Conclusion Your Article Library, (last visited May 8, 2022)
 cannot be enforced without rule of law and transparency responsiveness – means that institutions
and processes serve to all stakeholders within a reasonable timeframe consensus oriented – is in
the pluralist society a vehicle of mediating various interest and reaching of a broad acceptable
consensus on what is in the best interests of the whole community and how this could be
achieved.

Finally, it means the broad agreement on the policies and procedures. It means a long-term
perspective on the issue of what is necessary for sustainable human development and the way
how it should be achieved in the light of the fact of historical, cultural and social context of the
society equity and inclusion – refers to the opportunity to improve or maintain their well-being)
and that all are included and have a stake in the mainstream society effectiveness and efficiency –
says that all processes and institutions produce results that meet the needs of the society while
making the best use of resources at disposal In the light of the fact of several last decades, it also
covers the sustainability use of natural resources and the protection of environment

12. Strategies for Improving Regulatory Quality

Needless to say, improving government capacities as well as regulatory reform are not objectives
in themselves. They are tools serving a range of policies. The justifications given for reform
programmes usually suggest three core objectives:

Improving economic performance

 Improving government effectiveness and efficiency, and

 Enhancing democratic values such as government openness, self-reliance, public participation
and responsiveness.

The regulatory management system – including the processes and institutions, through which
regulations are developed, enforced and adjudicated – should support these objectives in an
efficient, transparent and accountable manner. Experience in OECD countries shows that
governments face a set of more or less identical, basic tasks in reforming their regulatory
management systems towards these ends. This has led to the setting up by the OECD of a set of
steps or strategies, which governments can take to improve their regulatory management policies.
This set of strategies has formed the frame for analysis and recommendations in OECD reviews
 of - until now - 16 countries’ policies to improve government capacities to assure high quality
regulation.

The strategies focus on establishing capacities on three key areas:

 Building a regulatory management system

 Improving the quality of new regulations
 Upgrading the quality of existing regulations in the previous country reviews the regulatory
management systems have been assessed on the basis of these criteria.

Experience in OECD countries suggests that an effective regulatory management system have
three basic components that are mutually-reinforcing:

 A regulatory policy adopted at the highest political levels;

 Explicit and measurable standards for regulatory quality; and
 A regulatory management capacity.

Adoption of regulatory reform policy at the highest political levels in necessary to organise and
drive reform efforts throughout the administration. Explicit standards for regulatory quality and
principles of regulatory decision-making should define "regulatory quality" by establishing
concrete quality standards and decision criteria to determine if government action is required and
whether any proposed regulation is acceptable. Processes should be defined so that regulations
are based on principles of good decision-making. 11The 1995 Reference Checklist for Regulatory
Decision-making endorsed by OECD ministers in 1995 contains 10 principles for producing
efficient, flexible, and transparent regulations 12

Thirdly, capacities for regulatory management and oversight of implementation of regulatory

reform policy must be build. Considerable experience across the OECD has shown that central
oversight units are most effective if they have the following characteristics:

 Independence from regulators (i.e., they are not closely tied to specific regulatory missions)
 Operation in accordance with a clear regulatory policy, endorsed at the political level; −
horizontal operation (i.e., they cut across government);

11
governance - Public policy Encyclopedia Britannica, https://www.britannica.com/topic/governance/Public-
policy (last visited May 13, 2022)
12
‘Transparency is important in good governance,’ says President Kovind Thehindu.com, (last visited May 8, 2022)
 Expert staffing (i.e., they have the information and capacity to exercise independent judgement);
and
 Links to existing centres of administrative and budgetary authority (centres of government,
finance ministries).

13

13. Regulatory Regime  for Bombay

It means the nature and scope of the regulator’s mandate, the legal framework for that mandate
as set out in legislation and regulations, including any standards incorporated by reference in
regulations, and the regulator’s administrative policies and programs put in place to carry out
its regulatory responsibilities set out in law, including regulatory policies and standards,
and regulatory processes and programs. “single window” means a harmonized regulatory
process where the Parties coordinate their activities and communication to
fullest extent possible to allow, where practicable, for a single submission, and provide for
a common and timely reaction or response to a submission or issue arising with respect to the
uranium mines;

The Six Types of Regulation

13
governance - Public policy Encyclopedia Britannica,
https://www.britannica.com/topic/governance/Public-policy (last visited May 13, 2022)
It is possible to identify at least six different types of regulation, although there are some
overlaps, and numerous sub-categories. These categories are discussed in more detail below.

1. Laws which impose burdens

2. Laws which directly confer rights and/or provide protection
3. Self-regulation
4. Licensing bodies and Inspectorates
5. Economic regulators
6. Regulators of public sector activities

1. Laws Which Impose Burdens

The private and voluntary sectors, and in particular employers, are required to carry out a wide
range of tasks on behalf of government, including collecting tax (PAYE, National Insurance &
VAT, for instance), paying benefits (tax credits, maternity pay), re-claiming student loans,
ensuring that employees are working legally in the UK, and collecting statistics. These sorts of
regulations are quite different to those listed below, but they do impose a huge burden on
employers and their cumulative effect is frequently the subject of bitter criticism and complaint.

2. Laws Which Directly Confer Rights and/or Provide Protection

The rule of law has played an integral part in anchoring economic, social and cultural rights
in national constitutions, laws and regulations. Where such rights are justiciable or their legal
protection is otherwise ensured, the rule of law provides the means of redress when those rights
are not upheld or public resources are misused.

3. Self-Regulation

The best form of regulation is choice, including competitive tendering. You don't need inspectors
to detect inefficient, unresponsive and uncaring providers if their customers can go elsewhere.
But many problems are often invisible to customers - at least until it is too late - especially if they
buy the service only once or twice in a lifetime. It is sometimes possible to avoid legislation in
these areas by encouraging professions and industries to regulate their own activities.
 4. Licensing Bodies and Inspectorates

Inspection was one of the great Victorian institutional innovations through which government
sought to discharge its responsibility to regulate the social and economic problems created by
industrialism.  It has developed into the principal way in which modern governments regulate
their own provision of health, education and other services.

There is accordingly now a huge number of regulatory bodies, of all shapes and sizes, doing an
amazing range of jobs. Some are very large (the Health and Safety Executive, the Environment
Agency) and some are very small. Most of these bodies are created as non-departmental public
bodies:14

But Francis Terry has pointed out that, although inspectorates should provide an effective
stimulus to good management, a lot depends on how they go about their task.  By 'passing' a
practice or standard as acceptable, they can too easily (though inadvertently) reduce the ambition,
innovation, responsibility and accountability of managers whose practices they

5. Economic Regulators

The evils of monopoly and other excessive market power are fought in the UK by a number of
specialised competition and economic regulators which make judgements about the future
behaviour of large economic entities. The Competition and Markets Authority strives to ensure
that businesses compete effectively and fairly with each other. Ofgem, Ofwat and parts of Ofcom
take decisions about the extent of competition within, and prices etc set by, large utilities. The
CAA sets the prices charged by large airports. And the Bank of England is almost in a category
of its own as it sets the interest rates charged by financial institutions.

Ministers give these regulators a good deal of independence for a number of reasons. For
instance, companies within the utility sectors need "regulatory certainty" - which in effect means
freedom from political short-term decision making - so as to reduce their business risk. This
helps them plan their long-term investments and borrow more cheaply.

14
Understanding Regulation - The Six Types of Regulation Regulation.org.uk,
https://www.regulation.org.uk/key_issues-six_types_of_regulation.html (last visited May 13, 2022)
 Most of those companies were originally state-owned monopolies, regulated (if that is the right
word) by politicians. Not many private sector executives would like to return their companies to
that situation.

Or maybe they would like to imagine life in a truly competitive environment, regulated by
customers who were free to take their business elsewhere? Centrica (once part of British Gas)
took this route, and thrived, but most other ex-state-owned monopolists strenuously argue that
this sort of pressure should be postponed a while.

Finally, their activities might perhaps by regulated through the strict application of competition
law, enforced by the courts. Again, the apparent attractions of this route tend to fade under close
scrutiny, whether by company executives or their customers.

In practice, therefore, sectoral economic regulation seems destined to survive for a good while
yet.15

6. Regulators of Public Sector Activities

A growing number of regulatory bodies oversee the performance of the public sector, and to seek
to improve standards. The National Audit Office is responsible for improving the performance of
central government, and other bodies oversee various aspects of, for instance, the police and
prisons service. But they have recently been joined by numerous bodies, such as Ofsted, which
seek to improve and/or control the education and health services. Again, Ministers generally
prefer to have independent bodies taking controversial decisions about, for instance, which
expensive treatments should be made available on the NHS.16

14. Analysis

15
Understanding Regulation - The Six Types of Regulation Regulation.org.uk,
https://www.regulation.org.uk/key_issues-six_types_of_regulation.html (last visited May 13, 2022)
16
The Changing Global Regulatory Regime MetricStream, -Regulatory-Regime.htm (last visited May 8, 2022)
 In this research there has been the discussion on the Bombay regulatory regime and on the
character of the government also the characteristics of the government is also discussed in the
required research.
From economic efficiency to environmental damage, citizens pay a heavy price. There are ways
to address this. Mumbai, Bengaluru, Pune and New Delhi are among the 10 most congested cities
in the world, according to the just-released 2019 TomTom Traffic Index. This will not come as a
surprise to anyone who lives in or has visited these cities. People in these cities pay higher fuel
costs, inhale toxic gases, and are unable to efficiently manage their time. So, they all have to pay
higher comparative to others and the government should provide them more strength and good
environment to get a better lively hood the good governance in Bombay has top focus on the all
types of regimes that they all are linked to they should get all the demonstration of the whole
thing that is revolving around them.

15. Conclusion

Participatory management and good governance are certainly fascinating ideas. But in the real
world, these two still remain as lofty ideals. Modern administration is so complex that, by its
very nature, people have little or no opportunity to participate and ensure good governance. In
the age of globalization, the administration of one country is not isolated from others. Looking at
the world situation, we can see that few multinationals, non-governmental organizations and
Bretton Woods institutions support the highly developed First World countries and effectively
manage the world economy.

16. BIBLIOGRAPHY

Acts
The Bombay Reorganisation Act, 1960
States Reorganisation Act, 1956

URL’s
https://www.britannica.com/topic/governance/Public-policy
https://niti.gov.in/planningcommission.gov.in/docs/reports/sereport/ser/stdy_cai.pdf

https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/opinion/et-commentary/an-effective-governance-model/
articleshow/5298319.cms?from=mdr

https://darpg.gov.in/sites/default/files/sogr_framework.pdf

https://byjus.com/free-ias-prep/good-governance/

https://blog.mygov.in/editorial/good-governance-experiences-shared-by-mygov-saathis-2/

https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/mumbai/transparency-is-important-in-good-governance-says-
president-kovind/article38415791.ece

https://mumbaimirror.indiatimes.com/opinion/columnists/n-vittal/walking-the-talk/articleshow/
15825678.cms

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Bombay_under_British_rule_(1661%E2%80%931947)

https://www.lawinsider.com/dictionary/regulatory-regime#:~:text=regulatory%20regime%20means
%20the%20rules,and%20practices%20of%20a%20regulator