7/16/2021

Genetic Variants of SARS-CoV-2:

What Do They Mean?

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SARS-CoV-2 Variants
Overview
• Evolution, Strains, Mutation, Variants SARS-CoV-2
• How we detect and define SARS-CoV-2 variants
• The most widely recognized SARS-CoV-2 Variants of Concern
• Emergence of a novel variant- Indonesia experience

Variantion are present in all living organisms

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DNA Replication and Causes of Mutation

Gene

SARS-CoV-2 genomics

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SARS-CoV-2 genomics

SARS-CoV-2 genomics

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SARS-CoV-2 genomics

Mutation and Variant SARS-CoV-2

There is only 1 strain of SARS-CoV-2

theconversation.com

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Phylogenectic Analyses to Determine Evolution and Transmission

Phylogenectic Analyses to Determine Evolution and Transmission

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What’s In A Name – SARS-CoV-2 Lineages

What Drives Variant Emergence?

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What Drives Variant Emergence?

Korber et al., Cell 2020

Focus On Spike Mutations

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Focus On Spike Mutations

https://doi.org/10.3390/v13010134

Spike Protein Substitutions and Structural Changes

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SARS-CoV-2 variants have mutations leading

to amino acid changes in the spike protein

SARS-CoV-2 Variants have mutations leading

to amino acid changes in the spike protein

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Variant : Combinations of mutations that may have

biological significance

Variant SARS-CoV-2

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How do we detect variants?

Standar tests can’t distinguish variants of concern

How do we detect variants? Sequencing

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How do we detect variants?

RNA Whole genome sequencing (WGS)

How are SARS-CoV-2 Variants of Concern Identified?

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Methods of Detection Variants

Variant SARS-CoV-2 Lineage Classifications

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Variant SARS-CoV-2 Lineage Classifications

Variant SARS-CoV-2 Lineage Classifications

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Variant SARS-CoV-2 Lineage Classifications

Current CDC Definition of variant of concern

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Variant SARS-CoV-2 WHO Classifications

Variant SARS-CoV-2 Lineage Classifications

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Event if a variant is not more lethal,

greater transmissibility can increase deaths

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Summary
• SARS-CoV-2, including variants, continues to elvolve
• Variants of Concern have mutations in the viral spike protein, which
is recognized by the immune system and is essential for infecting cells
• Sequencing is used to detect and track variants
• Some variants are more transmissible and evade neutralizing
antibodies but importance of vaccinations and protective measures

Terima Kasih

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