THEME 8 SPORTS

FUNCTIONS
1. Reporting news
2. Making interview
3. Talking about sports
LANGUAGE SKILLS and LEARNING OUTCOMES
Listening
E11.8.L1. Students will be able to identify the lexis and jargon about extreme sports in a recorded text.
Pronunciation
E11.8.P1. Students will be able to practice rising and falling intonation in questions.
Eg.Would you like another coffee? (rising and falling intonation)
Speaking
E11.8.S1. Students will be able to exchange opinions about outdoor/extreme sports.
E11.8.S2. Students will be able to ask questions to make an interview with a sportsperson.
Reading
E11.8.R1. Students will be able to analyze a text involving different kinds of extreme sports to reorder the
scrambled paragraphs.
Writing
E11.8.W1. Students will be able to write a report on the interview they have made.
SAMPLE USAGE
Yasemin Dalkılıç says that all the women can achieve their goals.
Atatürk says that he likes sportsmen who are smart, agile and also well-behaved.
Many psychologists say that doing sports helps teens develop and maintain friendships.
The Paralympic Games is a major international multi-sport event of athletes with a range of physical
disabilities.
Cliff diving is defined as the acrobatic perfection of diving into water from a cliff.
Wingsuit fliers wear parachute equipment specially designed for sky diving.
FILA has announced that Hamza Yerlikaya is the wrestler of the century.
 THEME 8 SPORTS VOCABULARY
Student’s Book
Extreme sports : Tehlikeli, uç sporlar Experience : Tecrübe etmek, bizzat yaşamak
Ice climbing :Buz tırmanışı Airfoil : Kanat
Skydiving : Gökyüzünden atlayış Lift : Kaldırma, yükseltme
Snowboarding : Kar kayağı Land : İnmek
Windsurfing : Rüzgar sörfü Fundamentally : Temel olarak, aslen
Try : Denemek Freedom : Özgürlük
Interviewer : Röportaj yapan kişi Genuiely : Gerçek olarak
Appropriate : Uygun Sensation : His, duyu
Relieve : Azaltmak Constraint : Kısıtlama
National Sports People : Milli Sporcular Incredible : İnanılmaz
Patriotism : Milliyetçilik Necessary : Gerekli
Value : Değer Equipment : Ekipman
World Record : Dünya rekoru Adventurous : Maceracı, macera sever
Wrestling : Güreş Disability : Özürlülük, Engellilik
Announce : İlan etmek, duyurmak Excerpt : Parça, pasaj
Achievement : Başarı Team spirit : Takım ruhu
Retirement : Emeklilik Deaf : İşitme engelli
Exemplary : Örnek alınacak Proverb : Atasözü
Achieve : Başarmak Fair play : Temiz, adil oyun
Goal : Hedef, amaç Disregard : Önemsememek, ihmal etmek
Self-confidence : Kendine güven Individual Sport : Bireysel spor
Self regulation : Öz düzenleme, kendine çeki düzen verme Diverse : Çeşitli, değişik
Sort out : Çözmek, halletmek Strengths : Güçlü yönler
Dive : Dalmak Weaknesses : Zayıf yönler
Retire : Emekli olmak Traditional : Geleneksel
Raise : Arttırmak, Yükseltmek International : Uluslar arası
Awareness : Farkındalık, bilinç Amputee : Bacağı veya kolu olmayan kişi
Agile : Çevik Deserve : Hak etmek, Layık olmak
Well-behaved : Ahlaklı Triumph : Zafer
Honesty : Dürüstlük Admire : Hayran olmak
Patience : Sabır React : Tepki göstermek
Cliff diving : Tepeden, zirveden dalış Praise : Övmek, methetmek
Wingsuit Flying : Kanatlı uçuş Grab : Yakalamak, kapmak
Viral : Internette sürekli dolaşan görüntü Gratitude : Şükran, minnet
Increase : Arttırmak, Yükseltmek Attach : Eklemek, iliştirmek
Satisfaction : Memnuniyet, tatmin Celebrate : Kutlamak
Nowadays : Bu günlerde, bu sıralar Host : Ev sahibi, ağırlamak
Dare : Cesaret etmek Beat : Mağlup etmek, yenmek
Breathtaking : Nefes kesici Flag : Bayrak
Take up : Başlamak Cheers : Tezahürat
Definition : Tanım President : Başkan, cumhurbaşkanı
Peace : Huzur Acknowledge : Kabul etmek
Overall : Tüm, bütün Congratulate : Tebrik etmek
Spiritual : Ruhsal, manevi Defeat : Yenmek
Gravity : Yer çekimi Wholeheartedly : Samimiyetle, tüm kalple
Resistance : Direnç Celebrity : Ünlü kişi
Friction : Sürtünme Indicate : Bildirmek, göstermek
Fascinating : Büyüleyici Honor : Onur, şeref
Doer : Yapan kişi Donation : Bağış
Jump : Sıçramak Kite surfing : Uçurtma sörfü
Sharp : Keskin, ani Feel like home : Evinde gibi hissetmek
Hear : Duymak Ambassador : Elçi
Silence : Sessizlik Add : Eklemek, ilave etmek
Captivation : Cezbetme, büyüleme Decent : İyi, güzel
Splash : Sıçrayan su sesi Shoot : Çekim yapmak
Basic : Temel, esas Beauty : Güzellik
Screen : Ekran
Hospitality : Misafirperverlik
By heart : Kalpten
Mention : Bahsetmek, değinmek
Feature : Yer vermek, dahil etmek
Promote : Tanıtımını yapmak
Workbook
Scare : Korkmak, korkutmak
Speed : Hız
Aim : Amaç
Swing : Sallanmak
Vault : Atlamak
Inflatable : Şişme
Giant : Devasa
Roll : Yuvarlanmak
Formation : Oluşum, yapı
Strap : Kayış
Elevated : Yüksek
Ravine : Dağ geçidi
Outcome : Sonuç, çıktı
Waste : Boşa harcamak
Procrastinate : Ertelemek, Kaytarmak
Skateboarding : Kaykay
Producer : Yapımcı
Title : Başlık
Excess : Fazla, aşırı
Own : Sahip olmak
Low-income : Düşük gelir
Underprivileged : İmkanları az olan
Satisfying : Tatmin edici
Rescue : Kurtarmak
Invasion : İşgal, istila
Peacock : Tavus kuşu
Monster : Canavar, yaratık
March : Yürümek, ilerlemek
Excitement : Heyecan
Disappear : Kaybolmak
Magical : Büyüleyici, esrarengiz
In addition : İlaveten
Nevertheless : Yine de, Bununla birlikte
Similar to : Benzer
Thus : Bu yüzden
That's why : İşte bu yüzden
Dozens of : Düzinelerce
Grab a slice of history : Tarihi zafer kazanmak
Everyday is a good day when you run : Koştuğunuz her gün güzeldir.
Sore today strong tomorrow : Bugünün ağrısı yarının gücüdür.
I like sportsmen who are smart, agile and also well-behaved : Ben sporcunun zeki, çevik ve ahlaklısını
severim.
 THEME 8 SPORTS VOCABULARY WORKSHEET
A. Choose the correct Turkish meaning (15x2=30p.)
1. Extreme sports
a) güvenli sporlar b) bireysel sporlar c) uç sporlar d) takım sporları
2. Try
a) yarışmak b) ağlamak c) başlamak d) denemek
3. Relieve
a) azaltmak b) çoğaltmak c) denemek d) mücadele etmek
4. Achievement
a) amaç b) başarı c) hedef d) madalya
5. Sort out
a) bulmak b) çözmek c) araştırmak d) açıklamak
6. Agile
a) çevik b) rahat c) güçlü d) galip
7. Patience
a) dürüstlük b) ahlak c) ümit d) sabır
8. Dare
a) üstlenmek b) bahsetmek c) cesaret etmek d) ortaya çıkmak
9. Gravity
a) iklim b) direnç c) yerçekimi d) klima
10. Constraint
a) kısıtlama b) karar verme c) inşa etme d) önerme
11. Deaf
a) yürüme engelli b) işitme engelli c) görme engelli d) otistik
12. Triump
a) savaş b) mağlubiyet c) mücadele d) zafer
13. Shoot
a) çekim yapmak b) barışmak c) imzalamak d) söz vermek
14. Hospitality
a) dürüstlük b) misafirperverlik c) cömertlik d) güzellik
15. Swing
a) dalmak b) korkmak c) sallanmak d) tırmanmak

B. Choose the correct English meaning (15x2=30p.)

16. Milliyetçilik
a) secularism b) populism c) reformism d) patriotism
17. Güreş
a) windsurfing b) wrestling c) weightlifting d) sky diving
18. İlan etmek, duyurmak
a) try b) dive c) announce d) swing
19. Emekli olmak
a) retire b) design c) sign d) raise
20. Büyüleyici
a) expensive b) well behaved c) amusing d) fascinating
21. Kanat
a) airport b) aeroplane c) airfoil d) airline
22. Takım ruhu
a) team match b) team spirit c) team player d) teammate
23. Güçlü yönler
a) weaknesses b) individual c) team d) strengths
24. Hayran olmak
a) admire b) react c) represent d) attract
25. Mağlup etmek
a) race b) struggle c) attack d) beat
26. Tanıtımını yapmak
a) promote b) produce c) protect d) process
27. Atlamak
a) climb b) roll c) vault d) fall
28. Kayış
a) title b) strap c) speed d) kite
29. Yürümek, ilerlemek
a) march b) run c) rescue d) appear
30. Bu yüzden
a) similarly b) nevertheless c) thus d) because

C. Match the words with their definitions (Kelimeleri anlamlarıyla eşleştiriniz) (6x2=12p.)
(.....) 1. spiritual a. limitation
(.....) 2. resistance b. fascinated
(.....) 3. captivated c. mystical
(.....) 4. lift d. basically
(.....) 5. fundamentally e. opposing force
(.....) 6. constraint f. raising force

D.Read the descriptions and match with extreme sport. (Tanıma göre sporu bulunuz) (4x2=8p.)
Highlining / Parkouring / Ice Climbing / Zorbing

1. The aim of this sport is to get from one point to another in a complex environment, without equipment in
the fastest and most efficient way possible. It includes running, climbing, swinging, vaulting, jumping, etc.
___________
2. In this sport, a person gets inside a giant inflatable ball and roll down a hill. Some people turn it into a giant
game of bowling. __________________
3. Moving up on formations either on frozen waterfalls or snow covered mountains is the purpose of this
sport. It is very risky as you can fall to a cold death. _________________________
4. This sport is walking on a strap at elevated heights. Performers of this sport set up their ropes at the tops of
trees, between buildings, even across ravines and canyons._____________________
ANSWER KEY
A. Choose the correct Turkish meaning (15x2=30p.)
1. C
2. D
3. A
4. B
5. B
6. A
7. D
8. C
9. C
10. A
11. B
12. D
13. A
14. B
15. C

B. Choose the correct English meaning (15x2=30p.)

16. D
17. B
18. C
19. A
20. D
21. C
22. B
23. D
24. A
25. D
26. A
27. C
28. B
29. A
30. C

C. Match the words with their definitions (Kelimeleri anlamlarıyla eşleştiriniz) (6x2=12p.)
1. C
2. E
3. B
4. F
5. D
6. A

D.Read the descriptions and match with extreme sport. (Tanıma göre sporu bulunuz) (4x2=8p.)
1. Parkouring
2. Zorbing
3. Ice climbing
4. Highlining
 THEME 8 SPORTS GRAMMAR
DIRECT AND REPORTED SPEECHES
Direct Speech
Direct speech repeats, or quotes, the exact words spoken. When we use direct speech in writing, we place the words
spoken between inverted commas ("....") and there is no change in these words. We may be reporting something that's
being said NOW (for example a telephone conversation), or telling someone later about a previous conversation.
Reported Speech
Reported speech is usually used to talk about the past, so we normally change the tense of the words spoken. We use
reporting verbs like 'say', 'tell', 'ask', and we may use the word 'that' to introduce the reported words. Inverted commas
are not used.
TENSE CHANGES
Normally, the tense in reported speech is one tense back in time from the tense in direct speech:
The changes are shown below:
Simple present Simple past

"I always drink coffee", she said She said that she always drank coffee.

Present continuous Past continuous

"I am reading a book", he explained. He explained that he was reading a book

Simple past Past perfect

"Bill arrived on Saturday", he said. He said that Bill had arrived on Saturday

Present perfect Past perfect

"I have been to Spain", he told me. He told me that he had been to Spain

Past perfect Past perfect

"I had just turned out the light," he explained. He explained that he had just turned out the light.

Present perfect continuous Past perfect continuous

They complained, "We have been waiting for They complained that they had been waiting for hours.
hours".
Past continuous Past perfect continuous

"We were living in Paris", they told me. They told me that they had been living in Paris.

Future Present conditional

"I will be in Geneva on Monday", he said He said that he would be in Geneva on Monday.

Future continuous Conditional continuous

She said, "I'll be using the car next Friday". She said that she would be using the car next Friday.
NOTE:
1. You do not need to change the tense if the tense of the reporting verb is present or future
He says he has missed the train but he'll catch the next one.
We will say we are preparing for the party, so you have to come and help us.

2. These modal verbs do not change in reported speech: might, could, would, should, ought to, e.g.
We explained that it could be difficult to find our house.
She said that she might bring a friend to the party.
CHANGE IN TIME AND PLACE REFERENCE
Time/place references are also changed in reported speech.
The most common of these changes are shown below:
Today that day

Yesterday the day before

The day before yesterday two days before

Tomorrow the next/following day

The day after tomorrow in two days time/ two days later

Next week / month /year the following week/month/year

Last week/month/year the previous/week/month/year

Ago before

This (for time) that

Now then / at that moment

This / That (adjectives) the

Here there

CHANGES IN PRONOUNS
In general, personal pronouns change to the third person singular or plural, except when the speaker reports his own
words:
I/me/my/mine, you/your/yours he/she/him/his/her/hers
we/us/our/ours, you/your/yours they/their/theirs:
QUESTIONS:
1. The interrogative form of the verb changes to the affirmative form. The question mark (?) is therefore omitted in the
indirect speech. Normal word order is used in reported questions, that is, the subject comes before the verb, and it is not
necessary to use 'do' or 'did':
"Where does Peter live?" She asked him where Peter lived.
2. Tenses, pronouns and possessive adjectives and adverbs of time and place change as in statements.
3. If the introductory verb is 'said', it must be changed to a verb of inquiry: ask, wonder, inquire, want to know
Yes / no questions: This type of question is reported by using 'ask' + 'if / whether + clause:
a. "Do you speak English?" He asked me if I spoke English.
b. "Are you British or American?" He asked me whether I was British or American.
Question words:
This type of question is reported by using Reporting verb + Question word + Reported clause. The clause contains
the question, in normal word order and with the necessary tense change.
Examples:
a. "What is your name?" he asked me. He asked me what my name was.
b. "How old is your mother?" he asked. He asked how old her mother was.
ORDERS, REQUESTS & SUGGESTIONS:
1. When we want to report an order or request, we can use a verb like 'tell' with a to-clause.
Examples:
a. The doctor said to me, "Stop smoking!". The doctor told me to stop smoking.
b. "Get out of the car!" said the policeman. The policeman ordered him to get out of the car.
c. "Could you please be quiet," she said. She asked me to be quiet.
d. The man with the gun said to us, "Don't move!" The man with the gun warned us not to move.
Other verbs used to report orders and requests in this way are: command, order, warn, ask, advise, invite, beg, teach,
forbid.
2. Requests for objects are reported using the pattern ask + for + object:
Examples:
a. "Can I have an apple?", she asked. She asked for an apple.
c. "May I have a glass of water?" he said. He asked for a glass of water.
d. "Sugar, please." She asked for the sugar.
3. Suggestions are usually reported with a that-clause. 'That' and 'should' are optional in these clauses:
She said: "Why don't you get a mechanic to look at the car?" She suggested that I should get a mechanic to look at
the car. OR She suggested I get a mechanic to look at the car.
Other reporting verbs used in this way are: insist, recommend, demand, request, and propose.
Examples:
a. "It would be a good idea to see the dentist", said my mother. My mother suggested I see the dentist.
b. The dentist said, "I think you should use a different toothbrush". The dentist recommended that I should use a
different toothbrush.
d. "Why don't you sleep overnight at my house?" she said. She suggested that I sleep overnight at her house