Matthew Z. (2012).

 Design and impact of water treaties: Managing climate

change. p. 144. ISBN 9783642237430. The Tigris-Euphrates-Shatt al Arab is
shared between Iraq, Iran, Syria, Kuwait and Turkey.

Deniz B. & Omer L. S. (2012). "Hydrological response of past and future climate

changes in the Euphrates-Tigris Basin" (PDF). p. 1. The Euphrates-Tigris Basin,
covering areas in five countries (Turkey, Iraq, Syria, Iran and Kuwait), is a major
water resource of the Middle East.

Dan Caldwel (2011). Vortex of Conflict: U.S. Policy Toward Afghanistan,

Pakistan, and Iraq. p. 60. ISBN 978-0-8047-7749-0.
Greene, G. (2021) "Batman loach returns: fish feared extinct found in Turkey". The
Guardian 9 December 2021.