LYMPHATIC FILARIASIS

Lymphatic filariasis, commonly known as elephantiasis, is a neglected tropical disease. Infection occurs
when filarial parasites are transmitted to humans through mosquitoes.
INCIDENCE

Filariasis is a global problem. It is a major social and economic scourage in the tropics and subtropics of
Africa, Asia, affecting over 55 countries.

About 90% of cases of lymphatic filariasis are caused by infection with W. Bancrofti.

Epidemiological determinants

Agent: W. Bancrofti, B.malayi, B.timori

Host:

Man

Age: All ages

Sex: Males are more affected then women

Environmental factors:
Climate: 22-38°C

MODE OF TRANSMISSION:

 Bite of infected vector mosquitoes

INCUBATION PERIOD:
8-16 months

CCLINICAL FEATURES

MANAGEMENT

 Early detection of lymphedema

 Washing/ drying affected limbs
 Elevating limb & exercises
Control measures:
 Chemotherapy
 Vector control

Chemotherapy:
 Diethylcarbamazine{DEC}
It is both safe & effective.
Dose: 6mg/kg body weight per day orally for 12 days, after meals

Vector control
Antilarval measures:
The ideal method of vector control would be elimination of breeding places by providing
adequate sanitation & underground waste water disposal system.

ZIKA VIRUS DISEASE:

It is a mosquito-borne disease caused by Zika virus.

INCIDENCE:
22 countries and territories in America have local transmission of Zika virus according to WHO

AGENT:
Zika virus( Flavivirus genre)

MODE OF TRANSMISSION
 Bite of an infected mosquitoes
 CLINICAL FEATURES:

Diagnosis:

Polymerase chain reaction

Prevention

 Removal & modification of breeding sites

TREATMENT
 ZVD is usually relatively mild & requires no specific treatment.
 People with Zika virus should get plenty of rest, fluids, treat pain & fever with paracetamol