A

Project Synopsis
on

“Smart Ration Distribution System using Raspberry pi”

Submitted in the partial fulfillment for the award of

Bachelor of Engineering
in
Electronics and Communication Engineering

Submitted by

ABHISHEK V TADAHAL 2GO18EC001

ARIF JHALEGAR 2GO18EC005
J S VINOD 2GO18EC012
MOHMMEDSOHEL JAKATI 2GO17EC023

,
Under the Guidance of
Dr. JAYAPRAKSHA H. M.Tech., Ph.D,MISTE
Assistant Professor

GOVERNMENT ENGINEERING COLLEGE

HAVERI- 581 110

DEPARTMENT
OF
ELECTRONICS & COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING
2021-22
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

Sl No Title Page No

1. INTRODUCTION 1

2. LITERATURE SURVEY 2

2.1 PAPER 1 2
2.2 PAPER 2 6
2.3 PAPER 3 9
2.4 PAPER 4 12

3. REFERENCES 15
Smart Ration Distribution using Raspberry-Pi GEC HAVERI

CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION
Government provides food, oil and fuel to economically challenged people at subsidized
rates which are distributed to the public through ration shops. The stocks for these ration shops
will be bought from the farmers and then sold at subsidized rates. Every month fresh stock arrives
at these shops and that needs to be distributed to public. The owner of most of the ration shops
resort to malpractices and the allotted amount of ration is not distributed to authorized people.

Public distribution system in the country has undergone organic changes from the
rationing system introduced during World War II to an important social safety program to ensure
food security of the country. Under the public distribution System (PDS), the central government
procures and supplies special essential commodities to fair price at fixed central issue prices. In
the past, a number of items like iodized salt, palm oil, candles, ghee, cloth etc. have been
distributed through the PDS, however at present department of food and supplies have confined
the fair price distribution to few cereals, wheat, rice, sugar and kerosene oil. At present India has
4,78,000 ration stores operating across many localities, villages, towns and cities in the country
making it the largest distribution network in the world. Department of food and supplies is
providing ration cards to the citizens based on their economic conditions. There are mainly two
types of cards:

1. Below poverty line (BPL) cards

2. Above poverty line (APL) cards

Against the essential commodities act there are many fraudulent activities going on unfair
price shops. Users are forced to wait in long queues for hours together to purchase the essential
commodities. Card holders and their family member’s details are stored in a notebook. Hence
each time transaction is made by the card holder, entry had to be made manually in the book.
Maintenance of record in book is difficult. Thus, an efficient and automated system is required
to minimize the misappropriations. Quantity of ration to be given for these cards is fixed based
on the number of members in the card holders family. The Department of food and supplies
enforces control over these provisions under the orders by the Essential Commodities Act, 1955
regulating trade in specified essential commodities by keeping a close watch on stocks, passage,
quality and availability of these commodities.

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Smart Ration Distribution using Raspberry-Pi GEC HAVERI

CHAPTER 2

LITRATURE SURVEY

2.1 Smart Automatic Ration Card using Webpage

Author: R.Kurinjimalar, R.Arthy, P.Raja, International Journal of Recent Technology and
Engineering (IJRTE) (May 2020)

2.1.1 Problem Statement

The present ration distribution framework is with lot of irregularities such as ration
delivered to open market and unavailability of ration goods. There is a possibility that ration
shopkeeper sales the products to consumer at higher rates than that of recommended by the
government.
The Smart Automatic Ration Card using Webpage replaces these irregularities and
provides efficient automated rationing system. The mechanics assemble along with the
servomotor helps to power the required quantity of products of ration goods for the person and
also the consumer to get the confirmation SMS automatically through GSM. As everything
happens automatically there is no chance of irregularity.

2.1.2 Objectives

➢ Main objective of this project is to saves the time of employee and smuggling of goods

during distribution system of goods

➢ It will reduce the customer travel time and queue time occurred at purchase of goods.

➢ It will be a strong proceed towards the large quantity distribution system.

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Smart Ration Distribution using Raspberry-Pi GEC HAVERI

2.1.3 Methodology

Fig:Block Diagram of Smart Automatic Ration Card using Webpage

Block diagram that shows the microcontroller which takes place to control the weight
problems and to manage the motor to provides the essential amount of the provided material by
the government. For required amount of the products should be delay to open and close the flow
of container.

• Hardware

The Hardware system is splitted into Solid flow system and Liquid flow System: The solid
flow system is operating with motor the microcontroller board is fixed timing interfaced. The
setup of solid flow is controlled through the laser L293D and Servomotor. The solid mechanic
such as rice, wheat, sugar, etc., hold in a lasting block container which goods flows via the
primary container that is fixed through the solid flow therefore goods pour into the solid action.
The liquid flow system is working with sensor and Arduino Meha is connected with the
submersible pumps for kerosene. It helps to pour the liquid by measuring the litres using SG90
servomotor it controls automatically by particular limit. The main part of the AC pump that works
by the microcontroller board. The Arduino Meha Board is works in DC. Arduino Meha is
arranged to be a charge of result ON and OFF of the pump. The qualification are succussed by
liquid sensor which compute the burst that compute the liquid flow.

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• Open/Close Action

Open/Close action holds by Servomotor SG90 it is connected to the Arduino Meha. Action
of the Servomotor is fixed to control the flow of goods for particular limit of consumer required.
LDR L293D sensor is connected with flow of goods container available or not. The signals flows
by the driver be a charge by the microcontroller board. Laser creates hand to make blind to open
and close the flow of goods.

• Software
The main process of this project followed by Arduino Meha microcontroller language is used
to both the Hardware and Software board. The basic Embedded language is c++ for hardware
and python for software.

• GSM module

The GSM module can be used for security purpose during the verification of OTP, smuggling
of goods. It is interfaced with microcontroller for sending the SMS to card holder similar to the
government authority. The module consists of verify the number enrolled by the card holder with
original database.

2.1.4 Drawbacks.

➢ Main drawback of this system is, it is not 100% efficient.

➢ For the people like villagers and illiterate people it is difficult to follow the
procedure of this system.

➢ It work on GSM based so, getting the OTP is difficult in areas like Hill stations and
some villages.

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Smart Ration Distribution using Raspberry-Pi GEC HAVERI

2.2 Smart Ration Card System

Author: Prof. S.M. Rampur, Geeta M. Hublimath, Tanuja R. Bandichode, Trupti V.
Bhosale, Pallavi R. Jadhav. International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering
(IJRTE) (Feb 2020).

2.2.1 Problem Statement

In the present days many immoral activities are taking place in ration shop, which are
meant to distribute the commodities to the people who are in below the poverty line, as the
distribution process is manually operated and due to which it consumes a lots of time to overcome
this problem we one can use RFID technology.
In this system, RFID card are used instead of ration cards, which consists of all the details
about the card holder like family details, type of card and its validity etc.

2.2.2 Objectives

➢ The main objective of the project is to create transparency in operations so that every
citizen can very easily know what is happening and what is supposed to happen.
➢ It will avoid the corruption in rationing system to a large extent by providing
transparency at each level.
➢ Providing food grains and other essential items to vulnerable sections of the society
at reasonable prices, to put an indirect check on the open market prices of various
items.
➢ It will overcome the uncertainties in ration centres.

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Smart Ration Distribution using Raspberry-Pi GEC HAVERI

2.2.3 Methodology

Fig: Block Diagram of Smart Ration Card System

• Input Part
In this system each customer has User Id for each customers Smart Ration Card.

• Processing Part
User Id provide data to the System, processes the data and match with the
database which is authenticated by Government.
• Display Part
The system process for display the name of the card holder and the monthly
allocated ration.

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• Messaging Part
Messaging system is proposed here to avoid Forgery helps the customer to take
an action towards ration forgery.

2.2.4 Drawbacks

➢ For the people like villagers and illiterate people it is difficult to follow the procedure of
this system.
➢ There is no mechanical support so there is still chance of corruption from ration shop

dealers.

➢ Getting OTP to users in some villages is still difficult

➢ For the poor people who can’t afford mobile devices this system will failed.

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Smart Ration Distribution using Raspberry-Pi GEC HAVERI

2.3 Smart Automatic Rationing System

Aurthor: Rutuja Gorapwar, Anuja Bhargude, Smita Gaikwad, Sneha Zagade, Prof.
G.S.Bhange International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering (IJRTE) (Jan 2019).

2.3.1 Problem Statement

To design a real-time system. It will help to automize the work that will help to replace
the manual work. It helps to reduce wrong amount of products and also to reduce large waiting
time and material theft, authenticate the user using valid authentication and enable the user to get
information about their ration via SMS. It helps to design the separate modules such as admin
module, user module and consumer module. It is design a database that will store information of
customers and their distributed ration. It helps to generate a graphical report which can be viewed
by admin and also to reduce the frauds occur in current ration distribution system.

2.3.2 Objectives
➢ The main objective of this system is to secure and safe access of ration cards in savvy way.

➢ To replace the manual work.

➢ To reduce the customer travel time and queue time occurred at purchase of goods.

2.3.3 Methodology

Smart Automatic Rationing system is based on GSM & Biometric instead of ration card
through which the controller will send the information to the customer & this same information
will be updated on web page. By using this system we can avoid corruption in ration or public
distribution system to some extent.

Personal computer is required to maintain the database using web application. PC is

mainly used to display details of consumer or customer. Dealer can login into the system to check
availability of materials.

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Smart Ration Distribution using Raspberry-Pi GEC HAVERI

Fig :Block diagram of Smart Automatic Rationing System

• Load Cell

A load cell is a sensor or a transducer that converts a load or force acting on it into an
electronic signal. There are many types of load cells which are resistive load cells and
capacitive load cells.

• Fingerprint Model

Biometrics is the measurement and statistical analysis of people’s physical and behavioral
characteristics. The main aim of the bio-metrics authentication is that everyone is unique and
an individual can be identified by his or her intrinsic physical or behavioral traits. Proposed
providing biometric authentication of the customer to maintain privacy and security.
Biometric authentication of single person from family is allowed. There are different biometric
authentications are used for security purpose like iris, fingerprints, etc. Thumb recognition is
used in proposed system.

• GSM Model

An SMS gateway allows a computer to send or receive Short Message Service (SMS)
transmissions to or from a telecommunications network. Most messages are eventually routed
into the mobile phone networks. The connection to the mobile network is made by acquiring
a SIM card number from the mobile operator and installing it in the gateway.

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Smart Ration Distribution using Raspberry-Pi GEC HAVERI

• Motor Driver

A high control dual motor driver/controller Integrated Circuit (IC). It is able to drive load
having current up to 1A at the voltage ranging from 4.5V to 36V. Motor driver usually act as
current amplifier because they receive a low current signal as an input and provides high current
signal at the output.

2.3.4 Drawbacks

➢ Major drawback of this system is, it’s Biometric support which becomes delay in

distribution of ration

➢ Business person who weighted the material can be erroneous as a result of his misstep.

➢ It works on GSM based so, getting the OTP is difficult in areas like Hill stations and some

villages.

➢ This system which controls corruption at consumer level only.

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Smart Ration Distribution using Raspberry-Pi GEC HAVERI

2.4 E– Public distribution system using SMART card and

GSM Technology

Authors: Gaikwad Priya, Sangita Nikumbh, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineering
(IEEE) (2018).

2.4.1 Problem Statement

India’s Public Distribution System (PDS) with network of 5,05,879 Fair Price Shops
(FPS) is perhaps the largest retail system of its type in the world. 29.8% of India's 1.21 billion
people live below the poverty line with monthly supply of subsidized food grains. The system
provides gainful employment for Fair Price Shops Owners, their employees and hired labour who
work at the FCI and state warehousing go downs.

In India E-ration PDS using SMART CARD and GSM technology is an innovative
approach in public distribution system (PDS) which is very useful for efficient, accurate, and
automated distribution of ration distribution system Presently ration distribution system has
drawbacks like inaccurate quantity of goods, large waiting time, low processing speed and
material theft in ration shop.

2.4.2 Objectives

➢ Main objective of the designed system is to replace manual work with the atomization of
ration shop to have a transparency in PDS.
➢ To avoid the corruption in rationing system to a large extent by providing transparency
at each level.

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2.4.3 Methodology

Fig: Block diagram of E– Public distribution system using SMART card and GSM
Technology

• Smart Card

In e-rationing system three smart cards are used. In this smart card, consumer information
is feed and card reader is used to read all the given information about the consumer. This card
is secure access card with integrated memory & password protection, multiple times read-
write cycle, fast access with predefined commands & high-speed serial communication.

• Smart Card Reader Module

The function of smart card reader module is to read the information given by the smart card
and display it on personal computer or a device and the output of this module is given to the PC
converter (CP2102).

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• PC Converter (CP2102)
The PC converter used for this system is CP2102, which is highly integrated USB to UART Bridge
Controller. It provides solution for updating RS-232 designs to USB using minimum components and
small PCB space.

• VB Software

Visual Basic is an event driven programming language. It is associated with development

environment from Microsoft for its COM programming. In our project the output of VB software
is given to the AVR microcontroller through proper hardware support.

• MS Access Database

Database is a collection of information. Using it you can manage your all information. Data
security is a high. In addition to using its own database storage file, also it can be used as the
'front-end' of a program. Multiple backend sources may be used by a Microsoft Access Jet
Database (ACCDB and MDB formats).

• Microcontroller

Microcontrollers are used in automatically controlled products and devices. In our project
we have used ATmega328/P microcontroller based on Arduino platform. The ATmega328/P is
low-power CMOS 8-bit AVR microcontroller® enhanced RISC architecture.

In our project, AVR microcontroller will accept input from smart card reader. After
authentication of the right user, customer has to enter the amount of quantity with the help of
VB software which is installed on PC. The AVR controller will processes the data coming from
VB Software and generates the output for dispensing the entered quantity to quantity get
dispensed through dispenser and solenoid valve the output of AVR is also connected to the LCD
to display the quantity of food grain.

• LCD

LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) screen is an electronic display module. Here in our project

LCD is used to display the quantity of food grain.

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• Dispensor Working

This system is connected to the main PC system for dispensing the good from the rationing
store with automated system. Mainly system is controlled by dedicated controller with PC
interface. AVR based controller is used in the dispending part, as it takes predefined commands
for the PC and execute the respective task of dispensing the goods. For better operation and
synchronization, system will ask user for ready input with the help of input switch also user can
terminate the filling operation by emergency switch at any time of instant. PC based dedicated
software will send command to the dispenser as dispenser number and the amount to be dispense
in the predefined format. Once he AVR controller gets the information from the PC system will
ask generate the audio indication signal to inform user with termination or completion of the
present task.

2.4.4 Drawbacks

➢ Time consuming due to poor microcontroller.

➢ Manual operation of ration distribution which leads to corruption issues.
➢ In the smart card if there any scratches it will be considered as dead because it contains
user information.
➢ Main Drawback with this system is the inefficiency in the targeting of beneficiaries and
the resulting leakage of subsidies.

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 REFERENCES

[1] “Smart Automatic Ration Card using Webpage” R.Kurinjimalar, R.Arthy, P.Raja,
International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering (IJRTE) (May 2020)

[2] “Smart Ration Card System”, Prof. S.M. Rampur, Geeta M. Hublimath, Tanuja R.
Bandichode, Trupti V. Bhosale, Pallavi R. Jadhav. IJRTE (Feb 2020).

[3] “ Smart Automatic Rationing System”, Rutuja Gorapwar, Anuja Bhargude, Smita Gaikwad,
Sneha Zagade, Prof. G.S. ,IJRTE (Jan 2019).

[4] “ E– Public distribution system using SMART card and GSM Technology” Gaikwad Priya,
Sangita Nikumbh ,Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineering (IEEE) (2018).

[5] https://www.researchgate.net