SHS

Earth and Life Science Activity Sheet

Quarter 2 – MELC 6
Week 5
Characteristics of the Different
Organ Systems in Representative
Animals

REGION VI - WESTERN VISAYAS

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Name of Learner: _____________________________________________________
Grade& Section______________________________Date: ___________________

EARTH & LIFE SCIENCE 11 ACTIVITY SHEET NO. 6

Characteristics of the Different Organ Systems in Representative Animals

I. Learning Competency with Code

Describe the general and unique characteristics of the different organ
systems in representative animals. (S11/12LT-IIIaj-21)

II. Background Information for Learners

Do you think the food you eat today can sustain you? Did you know
that the food you eat contains nutrients like carbohydrates, fats, proteins,
vitamins and minerals? These nutrients are processed and synthesized by
the cells of the body into structural components and biologically essential
substances to serve as fuel to perform the daily tasks.

Humans and other higher form of animals have complex organ

system on getting food for nutrition. Each organ system plays vital role in
synthesizing bigger molecules into absorbable units for body’s
consumption.

However, some organisms like amoeba and planaria have simpler

way of nourishing their bodies.

In this learning activity, you will learn how lower form of animals
get foods into their cells. Specifically, you will describe the general and
unique characteristics of the digestive systems of the following
representative animals like amoeba, planaria, avian and ruminants.

III. Activity Proper

Activity 1. The Digestive System of Representative Animals

The following are lower forms of animals their descriptions:

1. Amoeba
• A single-celled organism that takes in food particles and digest
these in the food vacuole.
• Has pseudopodia to move and get in food and other particulate
matters
• Food vacuole a sac –like organ where food gets in.
• Unicelled organism that releases enzymes to digest its food and
dissolved nutrients into the cell membrane while liquid wastes
are eliminated.

2. Planaria
• Free living flatworms that have no body cavities living in
freshwaters.

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 • Have simple digestive system wherein they grasp the food with
their soft mouths and push them into their muscular pharynges
where chemical digestion happens.
• Mouth is the only opening through which food passes in and
undigested food passes out too.

3. Avians
• Slightly different from other lower forms of animals.
• Includes domesticated fowls such as chicken, ducks and turkeys.
• Have no teeth to chew their food so they use their beaks to break
down food enough for them to swallow.
• Food passes through their esophagus and empties directly into the
crop where it is temporarily stored.
• Food moves through their proventriculus that is similar to the
stomach.
• Hydrochloric acid and digestive enzymes are secreted in the
proventriculus.
• From proventiculus, food is moved to the vetriculus (gizzards) where
food is ground.
• This ground food is then moved to the small intestine and then to
the large intestine.
• Remaining undigested food particles are moved to their cloaca
where it is mixed with wastes.

4. Ruminants
• Have special digestive system which consists of a large stomach
with four compartments namely: rumen, reticulum, omasum and
abomasum.
• Ruminants include cattle, goat, sheep and deer.
• They feed on roughages.
• They swallow their food in large amounts and chew them little by
little then back from their stomach into the mouth and chew it
again.
• The largest compartment of their stomach is the rumen.
• Rumens can hold digested food up to 50 gallons with millions of
bacteria that help in breaking down roughages and in metabolizing
amino acids and vitamins.
• The reticulum that looks like honey-comb is attached to the rumen
which traps large food particles.
• The omasum is also a small organ while the abomasum is considered
as the true stomach.
• Small intestine is a long-coiled tube for food passage and absorption.

The major functions of the digestive system are: ingestion, digestion,

absorption and elimination. Ingestion is the first step in nutrition. Food
then is broken down into soluble mixtures through digestion and absorbed
by the cells through absorption. Undigested particles are excreted or
eliminated in the form of feces. The process of digestion can be both
mechanical and chemical in which it breaks down food into absorbable units
for absorption. There are body parts that perform the roles of these
processes in animals. You will learn a few of them from these representative
animals below:

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Directions: Compare the selected organs of the listed representative animals
in Table 1 below. Answer the questions that follow on a separate sheet of
paper.

Table 1. Representative Animals and their Organs of the Digestive System.

Name of Selected Organ/s of
Representative the Digestive Description/s
Organisms System
amoeba 1. 1.
2. 2.
planaria 1. 1.
2. 2.
avians 1. 1.
2. 2.
3. 3.
4. 4.
5. 5.
6. 6.
7. 7.
8. 8.
ruminants 1. 1.
a. a.
b. b.
c. c.
d. d.

Questions:
1. How do amoeba and avian get food into their cells?
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________

2. What unique characteristics can you give about the organs of the
digestive system of ruminants?
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________

3. How does the unique characteristics affect the overall organization

of avians?
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________

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Activity 2. “Describe Me in Many Ways”

A. Directions: Below is a diagram of a cow. Some digestive parts are listed

in the box. Match, label and describe the identified parts. Spaces and boxes
are provided for your answers.

Selected
Parts
Omasum
Rumen
Reticulum
Mouth
Abomasu
m

a. Ruminant Digestive System

Parts Description

1. ______________________

2. ______________________

3. ______________________

4. ______________________

5. ______________________

B. Directions: Based on the diagram below, answer the questions that follow:

1. Compare and contrast digestive systems of amoeba and planaria.

________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________

2. How do their characteristics affect digestion process?

________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________

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C. Directions: Match the selected parts and descriptions of a
representative avian illustrated below. Write letters only.
A B
Parts Description
1
1. Gizzard a. A muscular part
2. Crop of the stomach
3. Ceca
b. A storage
compartment that
temporarily stores
2 3 food that is found at
the base of the neck

c. a blind sack along

the lower part of the
intestine
IV. Reflection
Complete the statements with your own ideas.

1. I learned that …
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________

2. I realized that …
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________

3. I want to learn more about …

__________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________

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1. Amoeba has pseudopodium to get in food into the cells while avian has beak to gather food.
2. Ruminants have four stomach compartments unlike other animals.
3. Avians have crop and gizzard. These special orgnas enable them to gather different kinds of food for
their consumption.
V. Answer Key
VI. Links and/or Other References

Duyanen, J.P et.al Earth and Life Science for Senior High School. C & E
Publishing, Inc.Quezon City 2016.

https://www.teacherph.com/teacherph-downloadable resources/accessed
October 27, 2020

filscihub.com Organ Systems: Overview of the ELEVEN Organ Systems

/Accessed October 27, 2020

https://www.radford.edu/~sdennis/zoology/zoLab5_F01.htm/accessed
October 27, 2020