1.

The WTO Agreement on Agriculture entered into force when the World Trade Organization
(WTO) came into being on 1 January 1995. Its main objective is to reform agricultural trade so
that it is closer to competitive market conditions — but also to serve other objectives. The
primary objective of the Agreement is to reform the principles of, and disciplines on, agricultural
policy as well as to reduce the distortions in agricultural trade caused by agricultural
protectionism and domestic support.
2. Anti-Dumping Duties are introduced to protect EU industry from the possible damage caused by
the dumping of low-priced goods on the EU market. Anti-dumping measures can be taken when
underpriced imports cause considerable damage to EU industries or pose a risk of such damage,
and when those measures serve EU interests. Countervailing Duty applies to goods that have
benefited from government subsidies in their country of origin. Safeguard measures (a duty, a
quota or a combination of the two) will be imposed, if unexpectedly increasing imports pose a
threat to EU industries. A quota will be set at least at the same level as the average imports over
the last three years. Generally, these three are levied on goods in addition to the general duty,
and they are added to the value added taxable value of the goods. Yes, they are contrary to the
wto's basic principles in terms of the trade liberalization
3. The Agreement on Trade-Related Investment Measures (TRIMS) recognizes that certain
investment measures can restrict and distort trade. It states that WTO members may not apply
any measure that discriminates against foreign products or that leads to quantitative
restrictions, both of which violate basic WTO principles. This is why the wto not have a
comprehensive investment agreement.