' Our ay Syrscnfontovs Seavert Ciecorts Fuse. Fees — Designs of Sywensoniovs Seausnrinr Crecvns ; Srore Dengan — Gow Taare — Stare Momzaton — Grime Assianimenir. Quiet RequreRs — CovnréRs semin. Crcurrs 2 The doge cash cahore oulpds af ony dvtonk of ine dopards on ha present inputs and faut cxtpabs feos Pa (= Heh apt enh Syphon, Aagelronoes oquertiad cit sequential coaitSarco oan cal Aypebrnnas Sogn TE Latch - : = bevel tensive devices [a Edge ~ senting device Behavior of He drut can | Behavior of Ske creat Tbe defied fom dhe clepere upon tha input 4 Krawedge of a ooh at | Spal at ony date | * atcha are building | Fup-flopt ate bullding black chserele intank of tive. | of dima ond dhe ordor block of sequential of sequential civaxtt and tae | Gin which dhe Gnpat changes ctreih and dbase con can be built fom dhe $ bbe built from ogi Getcha x "Synchnosiaation de ockievel| % There i no med to wait gator by poetic train = for click pute | pls GR Latch as No [The speed of Me cine |x Fe Te conidarably ert tg * latch Gua cireutt with Ewe crmss—coupled NOR Ss united | Sprchoness sequential trait gfe —— —t x Two dnpub To ot val Apuk wumony elem gy sek # To shove the park ontpe mony eles hawk Gt required, a x “Tigo tual abate % Batic unit of storage clemeal Ji the Mp flop « \ complement of each. olay * Flp-tlop di a binary aovage device capable ob a stoing one bit of Ginformation . « The ate building of fup-flap St Latch (Reset) a 8 cut): oat ct] Axyreroncst Sopa ot Latch | Fup-top Fer of tts crest con | * Behavior of Mh Creat — [ye gt semtne devin F defined from dhe | cepards fon amt apt Vnoulecge of ule gtd ot | Sgpol af ony siuteat | fateles are building cheeele auton of Sine fof dime and “Me order | cn which ba dapat a + Fedge ~ senative devieet + Fup-flopr ate balding black block of sequential of sequonfial cirauit and tee cra and hae con | can be bull fem he tba built from agte dakehe a Gypchrerization ii “ochievel| + Have Gi no raed to wat gatse bby. pesiadc train of chek] for clock pale. | fs state be wo Cress ~ Not | ae the spccd of Be ciraut | de Ua condor fartor tag * SR Hatch Jt civeut with two cesseouplad NOR, Se Janstod Sypchonois sequential Creat ss Tine Sapa gy sek | x To store te vobu of park ontpuk memory elemat meer aa x Two vieful state . Basic unit of storage clenant Ge Me Thp-tlop Se \ complemant of cach. oar % Flp-flep ds a binary aorage device capable oF a stoning, one bit of dnformabon we The basic building of fup-tisp ce Latch, R a (eset) 8 cet)o 1 8a tet ut assume. G0 and Bk Mla dnpals to he —. ose 2 r L 2 tok qale-t dt 0 and 4 yids nate Be oulpu of He vot gale-t to oC ite °) ‘he depak o a NOR get aie 0 om o Weis mer he oulpal Ge Not goles te EGE BAD | “he dagye'! ot She sek dapat rnakes She lok gate 2 ° autpak Ao xem (ate @= 0) The sap tons won gies [> tet cnn Gai ond sere. Oy and 0, Therefowe, We outpul of ate, MoE gue’? se Sapa fo the Not qule-2 axa 0 ond’@ “rian makes ata the ondpal of fhe wor ges fo COTY) she dips fo He Not, gole-3 oe fo ond 4. Tea maker =0) chs, S20 and R20 will Felole Ae previous stale. of he latdy « Come 2 dha cxtpul of He Now gale 2 40 0 (44 @ B20 and Rt “Te age SY at Be reek pt rakes Se Not gole- + oulpat to sem (ie @= 0)- the dapul to Be New gee? re. 0 cad ©. Tharefore, da cubpul of Me Not gate Cone get and RI side epiton wit produce Yor at Se caput of ole Be hook gales, TK erdiln iabe the fark whak the oubpats @ ond @ ore He complements of cach other: beesk - 0 © cD 1° Ouhpabs Acton a @ eo No chang eo 8 Reset boo sek ex Forbidden Outpubs ——Aetion aa a © ted o 1 Reet boo Sek neers Proseat state Sepals Nien stake Ba sR nas ° °° ° one ° ° too ‘ D vot x 1 °° \ 1 eo 8 ° ' Loe ' \ rot a Ayplicabion ox Grasitabion tobe Fear ipa Be ass ook ae ox . 10 1 08 ot 1 x 0& ax Qa = SR 4 Qn! = R (84 Gn) a= Bop fins: + “The operation af basic Jatch can be modifie providing 00 acldional contr! cnput hal cletermret, wslan Ba stale of ia crrout dt dy be changed 4 Joteh with additonal control aps e called flip-flop | } x additional contr! input —> cleck ov enable | Tapes of th tps Oe WIR GD WT 2 SR Pept upTet Gr set R + Reset, ciraat diagram — ausR ntl : aa : 0 Ne change ‘ 4 00 Nh change ‘ ra = Onis wR ‘ 1a Fovbldon Roos ve dat cove soorakonk ove aah coder, Bay 7Hpeed [9 R, Gnvalcd ilp combination Pruart-slale ruatlable table /charorteashic table es pracatstale Tapes Neak-state | Appheation ‘babid- * se oy | Pram dole Naat late Fasten npu sue 8 ° | is ne s 8 a ° ‘ oi ° ° ° x 2/0 Loe ‘ : oe 6 ou: aa a : \ ° o 4 51 ot ° ' ' x0 ‘ Lo 1 al too Forbidden QOpunt ctote — Eepet Newt Bale: Qn D Snes o ° ° a ' 1 ‘ © ° Chavackerstic aquation Gori 5 ; Gry =D ‘ Application table] Erctaton toble Nee ste apa pout stole ‘t & on ° ° ° ° y : 1 ° °Ghake Aagadn Symbol: = DT Fup-fley ad “p-flop: Che Tapas oats ‘e_rndifed verton of 8-8 Tup-fap bo overame the bidder a ee ws oy x Mechange 500 Nechan er ‘A rr) : a Charortestc THE ‘ ruse tote topuh Newt ctl a ° oo © ° o 1 Oe ° co ° oe \ oo 1 8characteristic Gyenton nay = Tat EO Appicatton ov Faataton table Posed Sate Newt stale Erstatin pt a on sk ° ° ox ° \ ox ‘ ° x1 t ' xo Soke iagrom wo T Ap top cet tyne = “Fath table cue Tat ay ° x Cutpit Ko Grange No change ToteCharastevstic 0 i er oe + om ° ‘ 1 ‘ ee \ a “ath tbe Ont) wo o[s [oh "s Onn = Ent Tq Apquabin | Cecahen tabie rawrt State New stale fainted Gm Gnu ° ° ° \ 1 ° + ° ‘ 1 State dbagrum 4 Sift Regetor Ie bevel Aaegqeriag a Fedge bigong ae Based on the specific Internal or pout wh the cleck dlarig ov ok oiath dreqorg of fap ep tote place Loves driggomg clock dnpel igen Ste Tup-flp GO erabier bu ip fh + Tivo apes > pasitne evel aggered 6 Negative Devel brggee!= ea a the lup-fep chongs + " prtve CHG) tote olen Be clock _ Mepve dove eAgqeed the fp fop dtonges sb dale lan Je clock ds raguive (ios) Drasback vo lg tive, de fo dang ot da cack Ta peste oF EP fupfop change sh cholo mare Max ore or nny) Sines for a change saps ria dramback con be. overcant de Matler-clove fp flaps ond Ede Erggered fop-flap where othe ep toys change state only one cor clack Eye beg «pin gh — pte sive Eranitin. (4 400) Srontition (0 to 1) 2b wagetive odge ~ neg ! | | | Baga tagged yup flys choger aie posiive edge Gitieg or Send — or ob regolne edge (fata or Sraing edge) of Je clack polee + Tranilicn Gi postive only ok JA ani of the clock. — tL J. coe Te ae gt ae one do wake te flip~ tet respond to tke “4 ip top Pe pute atraniton Jo wie RC cffamtlter creat ‘ — IL « hy—— Big egqegt 9 Porter posiine edge cbaggered DFup-flop Action Raset ber he charge No change Ne chage oe ce ee yoo pe 3 ' s 0 8 Lo me 7 coe & 7 com ok oe Mosler slave sk Fip- flop Action No chang Rasel Set Toggle No change No chango, No cage x Constreded utlng wo J-k flip-flops aster FF ove FF ‘Master FF =} poste clbgke Slaw FF > Negative obbge aCave 4 a) Jeo and het oat Gy tet ws asume @=0 ond E-0 bio i op clk 4 ort 05 output of wonp-1 Sh ea 4 Het ord 8-4 5 oulpot of Niwa dao A Gre of the snpok bo WANDA Sh 0 5 outpit of NANDA ik 4 dapat to stony SG Hand 15 oly of wows 4 0 One of De Gopal do NOND 6 ond MDs Ga ‘ols output of NOND © ond NAND 4 ane ‘A! + Srputeto Ninnip 8 ave 4 ond 0; cota oF Nano | a By an dmpuly to innip q ave 4 and 45 Oubpub of Noups | Bw) ck so ai wow a aie 4 The apts Jo MAND 3. te 4 ond previous voit! oulpl funn a Gao The apa fo HN » one etal of nN 4 % The cubpatsof MOND 4 and * 3 ond previow values 1 Two inputs to oh MOND G ca MOND & aXe 0 and 15 Outpub “The Gnpu fo NAD} ore Aand 45 Output Of plaNDa da So! Om of She dapat Jo uum @ Os Ope Maw qQ da 4! Gnputs & WAND 8 awe § Od 35 Ob of stern @ da ‘0! tad a0” Master Stave -fup-flap prmduses the oubpal daving nega transition 4 Daag CLE, maser flp-tlap producer he outpul covaieniog to dhe Sp» how Sup top rela pin dkan CLE=0, Master fBp-flp reloina dhe previous valu and slas Valin ond lave fip-tlap products to the eukpal comapn“Fath table Gomdvack dhe reduced state dtogram for the following ea % Outpu ——Aetlon. : oe oun dibs tgp u oo a @ J ot ot ho aoe eS | o rot a Tope | * x x @ FT No change x ox 6 al ei Ber a4 State Reduction : State Table the reduction dh the tuner of lp tlops na sequetiat are eee Oupal (4) CHreuit da veferred to 1 Sha state reduction problem aso 4st aso wt x State-neduction algorithm tenernad with procedure for | a oa » ° ° ‘wedacig Ha tumor of stalet dn He state table, ! b a Cole acing Me exten dap cuba nequnemscty cundronged. “ . . a e | co 1 a 1 TePrasat date Ne! hos the text ater a and ,outpts | Recuod sate table So and 4 tahun 0 ond 4, epectively | present state Prout stoke 'g' har Re neat ato}a a. and §, outpube © and 4 fo 420 and 4 nespertvly a o 8 , Therefore shales ‘e’ and ‘G? are Anilas stobos ° ° Sabditute efor G cn te stable table and eliminate - Os 'g' Gn te above toble a o 4 e o 1 Retry state Sabie pract date Next state Output C4) aso aso 4s! a °° oORedue Bhs rufoer of stale dn ths follouing stake fable and chow dhe state diagram 7 | Prsient State Net stale ub = 4 b oO 6 as o 9 © 4 e o 0 (es a 2. | fe d e © 0) a + a boo 4q q h o 4 Ea fue) whe and eliminate “h! eb and climate ‘e! } Reduced state Table 2 Proved state Next state. aoe ft b a c fo g 4 ' 3 a za ond climate ‘c! Present Stabe Noxt Grote. 420 tel a 4 b b a a 4 , 9 4 $ b 3 3 4 oe Ca) to tod ot Oukpu wo asl o oo oo° oot 1 ,oe 4 o 10 © o10 08 iS oto 4 ooo 1 ve cts ent mt tenia TT? sang’ septs Ga shown dn Ya figure 469 Econ icone! (MUNDI Tcl uno cS too 3 01 . Lor 0 ere x tot ‘ ae jee OO ix x tro 4 wee» Vito «ee xwitation table, yuu Sate Tnpul eat late Unde * G2 0) @ goo 0 ont ooe 1 Loo oor 0 oot pot 3 o° co 10 0 oo ore ft oo ors 0 ool oreo o 1° 100 0 oe 10 loo t ort loi o xx lowe x ex L100 xx riot x ex rire th . be sneph ov ek Sk cated shift segiter if + There are. ino mettads of chifting he data. is || 9 seal sag = aoe on bE ot @ Hi for cath ck locke pale (uy Rom shltig - oft the data gat slafled Suite shot sgl chek pulse + Guft agales ave ovified Jide the ing er yp based on how bimry deformation AND gate G Ymugh Gs one onablal, | allwing Be dale at pasate Snpab Gi) 8, © ond D te | He D dap of dh repedive tip-fop.a The depud SAP da nachly woactad fo he D vhpa of He fret flop flop fe gmeriZin~ 45 AND gules Gq Ammegh Gy ate anabied, ltieg te data bi Yo HE rigat rom ore stage 40 he pen he ct gles alow ther the sermel_sifing,eertin Gee parallel dala-eoly, opentin » depending on shih ‘no ular are enabled by fhe dew on de SuirT Ton Spat - Ring, Course we The twve oulpat (0) of Ske ost Aaprflop do He: ote cree casted back: te Me soil Gnpur of We {oat Rup flop cor ine Chk Ga BeBe Gy 1 0 0° ox ° ee a ee woah Lo oo + The PRET input of Re Pett Thp-flop and CLEAR nbs of He other free fup-fleas ave comectod tegother anc Lomagit out ak IT Sapa + Now appiqing “a ew pulse ok hin ttre Gxpel ye finet- een es eae ae Qa Ge S& G = 1000 . On She cocervaned of finet oleele pulse y dhe Me inst Tip-Rap di shied to Bu: Sounds flip-flop! The ‘0! cin the Second fup-flep Ga shadted bo de Med fUp-fop. he's! Sn Me Awd flip-flp ca shatled to fuath flip-flop. + Sioularty, on He occurance of consequent clock puller, te Valuer ave shafted fmm loft te Se might | # thas, 4 Sk salted ov cwaated omund the vogster at | long ot cake pba ave Sppteda D Fip-flps A and By specfied by te Felauing A caquotad Grost oh and ofp g Sopet and eutpat equations cant state Acad = Antex Bud: Alx ges (ate) 09 Draw the logic diagram Go Dewe the stale table Ged Dray te state diagram (0 bege dagrom - @) Stale table Newt alate equations Acora’d x Harmon Ac ape talc + aac tN er | «nor talons nals | = Cong Conde FOE aa | BoD = Ax ices! x Aloxs alex = (oy 4 (001% 2 2049) Oubpst equatien ge Grex! 2 Ax 4 Be" cae!) are! + GND OX! cape! 4 Adi! 4 ABX + A'EX! = ABx! 4 Asie Alox! Noda 1C10092 + (01s = £02, 4, 6)nlent Slate ey oe \ ° ‘ \ ° ° 1 ° ° °