Computer Servicing

Computer

Lessons:
Definition of computer
Types of Personal Computer
Common parts of a Desktop Computer

COMPUTER
A computer is an electronic device that has the capability to manipulate information or data, store,
retrieve, and process it for more useful information. It is programmable so it can respond to specific
instructions or commands.

Personal Computer
Personal Computer or PC for short is small and designed for an individual user.

Desktop Computer
Desktop is a common term used to describe a general type of personal computer that is not
portable and often placed on or at someone home or office desk.

Laptop Computer
Laptop Computer is a small, portable computer enough to sit it on your lap. Laptop
computers are more frequently called as notebook computers, though technically laptops
are somewhat larger in size than notebooks in both thickness and weight. Portable
computers run off AC power and also have the ability to run of battery pack for a few
hours.

Netbook
Netbook is a small portable computing device, similar to a notebook. However, it has a
smaller form factor. Most Netbook nowadays have the same performance with other
Notebook.

PDA - PERSONAL DIGITAL ASSISTANT

Originally this size was developed to handle specific tasks, a handheld device or mobile
device that functions as personal information manager. y
COMMON PARTS OF A DESKTOP COMPUTER
Desktop Computer is designed to fit securely on top of a desk, or a working table usually with the
monitor sitting on top of the computer.

System Unit
System Unit is the main body of a desktop computer which is typically consisting of a metal
or plastic enclosure containing all the essential parts of the personal computer.

FORM FACTOR OF SYSTEM UNIT

the form factor is the size, configuration, or physical arrangement of a computer hardware object. The
term is commonly used in describing the size and/or arrangement of a computer case or chassis

Full Tower
Full-tower cases are generally big with a height that is about or more than 30 inches (more than
76 cm). The number of internal drive bays inside these cases can be between 6 and 10.

Mid Tower
Another case that might be a step down, would be classified as a mid tower case. Mid-tower
cases are the most widely used computer cases. Mid Tower cases are about 18 to 24 (45 to 60
cm) inches high and they usually contain 2 to 4 internal drive bays and a similar number of
external bays (for CD/DVD readers and similar).

Mini Tower
Mini-tower usually have up to 2 or sometimes 3 internal drive bays. Mini- cases normally stand
at a height of 12 to 18 inches (30 to 45 cm). Expandability is a problem with these cases.

FORM FACTOR OF SYSTEM UNIT

 Slim Line Case
 Slim Line Computer Case
 Slim line cases are simply tower cases turned on their sideways. They can hold a monitor on top
of the case.

Small Form Factor (SFF) Case

Small form factor or SFF cases are custom cases that are designed to minimize the
spatial volume of a desktop computer. SFFs are available in a variety of sizes and
shapes, including shoe boxes, cubes, and book-sized PCs.
Monitor
Monitor is a visual display unit, which shows images generated from the video adapter of a computer.
Computer monitor nowadays have two types. The CRT (Cathode Ray Tube) monitor which is a big, like a
tube television, and consume a lot of space in a table; however, it is the least expensive monitor option.
The LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) and LED (Light Emitting Diode) monitor is thin and saves energy, but
costs more.

What to Consider in buying a desktop monitor?

1. Manufacturer and Model name
Example:
The ASUS VS239H-P
Here, ASUS is the Manufacturer
VS239H-P is the Model Name
Popular Manufacturer and newer Model will be more expensive.

2. Ports or Plug-ins used to connect in system unit.

Example: At the back of ASUS VS239H-P the 3-pin AC port sit the HDMI, DVI-
D, VGA and audio-out ports,
Monitor with complete Plug-ins will be more expensive.

Types of Data Cable used by computer monitor

VGA (Video Graphic Array) Cable
VGA (video graphics array) has been around the longest. VGA is an analog signal, meaning the
quality may not be as high as with other cables, especially at high resolutions.

DVI (Digital Video Interface) Cable

DVI (digital video interface) has been on graphics cards for many years now, but is still very
common. Almost all LCD displays have a DVI port. Because DVI is a digital connection, the signal
will be higher quality than VGA.

There are several different types of DVI connectors. They're mostly inter compatible, but
not always. DVI-A carries only an analog signal (and is therefore rarely useful). DVI-D
carries only a digital signal. DVI-I carries both, and can be used with DVI-VGA adapters.
DVI-I connectors are the most versatile, as they can be used for either digital or analog
signals as necessary. There are also two link modes. Almost all DVI cables are single-link,
which supports a practical resolution of up to 1920x1200. Dual-link cables can support
resolutions up to 2560x1600, and are typically only used for very high resolution displays.
Most (but not all) graphics cards with a DVI output do support dual-link DVI.
Difference Between Analog and Digital Signal

Analog and Digital are the different forms of signals. Signals are
used to carry information from one device to another. Analog
signal is a continuous wave that keeps on changing over a time
period. Digital signal is discrete in nature.

Comparison Chart
BASIS FOR COMPARISON ANALOG SIGNAL
Basic An analog signal is a
continuous wave that
changes over a time period.
Representation An analog signal is
represented by a sine wave.
Description An analog signal is described
by the amplitude, period or
frequency, and phase.
DIGITAL SIGNAL
A digital signal is a discrete
wave that carries information
in binary form.
A digital signal is represented
by square waves.
A digital signal is described
by bit rate and bit intervals.

DVI Port

The fundamental difference between analog and digital signal is that analog signal is represented
by the sine waves whereas, the digital signal is represented by square waves.

Types of Data Cable used by computer monitor

HDMI (Video Graphic Array) Cable
HDMI (high definition media interface) is a newer port, but is 100% compatible with digital DVI
signals. You can get cheap DVI->HDMI and HDMI->DVI cables and adapters (not converters,
because there's nothing to convert). HDMI has the advantage of being able to carry an audio
signal, but this only works if your card supports outputting HDMI audio and your monitor has
built-in speakers can receive audio over HDMI.
HDMI Port

Power Plug for Computer Monitor

3. Size and Resolution. The bigger the monitor, the better, and of course the higher its price.
5x4 - this is a slightly taller squarish shape that was used by some 17 & 19 inch LCD monitors.
The resolution was usually 1280x1024. The 19 inch LCD running 1280x1024 was the PERFECT
set-up for someone with less than perfect eye sight. I always recommended this to my older
clients. Unfortunately they (19inch 5x4 LCDs not older clients!) are very hard to come by any
more.

16x9 - this is the aspect ratio of HDTV. 1080p is 1920x1080 and it's little brother 720p is
1280x720. Computer monitors come in many different resolutions with this ratio including:
1920x1080, 1600x9000, & 1280x720

16x10 - this in my opinion is the PERFECT choice. Unfortunately it is becoming less and less
common as the LCD industry has found it cheaper and easier to cut panels in 16x9 sizes rather
than the slightly taller 16x10 So fewer and fewer of the 16x10s are being produced at this time.
The resolutions in this shape include: 1920x1200, 1680x1050 & 1280x800

So aside from manufacturer's name, Size and Plug-ln used, these are the things we should
consider in buying a monitor. Acer S235HL Monitor Screen Size 23”, Resolution 1920 x 1080,
Contrast Ratio 100000000:1, Response Time 5ms, color: Black - ET.VS5HP.001

4. Contrast ratio
In reference to computer monitors, the measurement of the difference in light intensity between the
brightest white and the darkest black. cis often used in marketing computer monitors, where a high
contrast ratio, such as 400: 1, a better color representation (the better the information will appear
against a darker background) on the monitor than a lower contrast ratio, such as 150:1.
Mouse
Mouse is also known as pointing device whose function is to detect two-dimensional motion relative to
its supporting surface.

Types of Computer Mouse

 USB Optical Mouse

 Wireless Mouse

Keyboard
Keyboard is an input device, designed just like a typewriter keyboard. It is one of the primary ways we
communicate with the computer and enter data.

PS2 Keyboard

USB Keyboard
Wireless Keyboard

PS2
A type of port/connector developed by IBM for connecting a mouse or keyboard to a PC. The PS/2 port
supports a mini DIN plug containing just 6 pins. Most PCs have a PS/2 port so that the serial port can be
used by another device, such as a modem. The PS/2 port is often called the mouse port.

PS2 Connectors
PS2 Ports
PS2 Ports Pinout
USB
Short for Universal Serial Bus, an external bus standard that supports data transfer rates of 12 Mbps. A
single USB port can be used to connect up to 127 peripheral devices, such as mice, modems, and
keyboards. USB also supports Plug-and-Play installation and hot plugging.

USB 3.0 provides better speed and more efficient power management than USB 2.0. USB 3.0 is backward
compatible with USB 2.0 devices; however, data transfer speeds are limited to USB 2.0 levels when
these devices inter-operate. In 2014, a new standard, USB 3.1, was released and is expected to be in
widespread use by 2015.
USB 2.0 USB 3.0
Backward Compatible USB 1.1 USB 1.1 and USB 2.0
Maximum Transfer Rate 480Mbps 4.8 Gbps
Bi-Directional Data Transfer X CHECK
Charging Power 100 milliamps 900 milliamps
Smart Charging X CHECK
First Available 2001 2009
USB Connector
Types of USB
USB A is the common port used by USB mouse and keyboard.

USB A
Back Of Computers
USB B
Printers Scanners

Mini-A and Mini-B

Cameras Music Players Hard Drives

Micro-AB
Micro-B

Universal Serial Bus (USB)

USB 1.1 - 12Mb/s
USB 2.0 - 480Mb/s
USB 3.0 - 5Gb/s

Speakers
Speakers are external audio device which is commonly
equipped with a low-power internal amplifier. The standard
audio connector of a computer speaker is a 3.5mm (1/8 inch)
stereo jack plug often color-coded lime green for computer
sound cards.

AVR
AVR (Automatic Voltage Regulator) The role of automatic voltage
regulator's is to reduce the 5 volt signal to the lower voltage required by the
microprocessor. Other prefers to have

UPS (Uninterrupted Power Supply) which cost much than AVR but good
enough because it has its own chargeable battery, enabling your computer
not to shut down in case of power failure.

LESSONS:
 Definition of Computer
 Types of Computer
 Examples of Desktop Computer

SUPERCOMPUTER
The most powerful computers in terms of performance and data processing are the supercomputers.
These are specialized and task specific computers used by large organizations. These computers are
used for research and exploration purposes, like NASA uses supercomputers for launching space
shuttles, controlling them and for space exploration purpose.

IBM's Sequoia, in United States

EARLY MAINFRAME COMPUTER

NEAC 2203 Computer - CPU, console and tape drive

Nippon Electric Company (short for Nippon Electric Automatic Computer)

The NEAC 2203, an early transistorized computer, was multi- lingual in

several respects: both fixed-point and floating point; and both Roman and
Japanese characters. It managed Japan's first on-line, real-time reservation
system for Kinki Nippon Railways in

MAINFRAME COMPUTER
Although Mainframes are not as powerful as supercomputers, but certainly
they are quite expensive nonetheless, and many large firms & government
organizations uses Mainframes to run their business operations. The
Mainframe computers can be accommodated in large air-conditioned
rooms because of its size. Super-computers are the fastest computers with
large data storage capacity, Mainframes can also process & store large
amount of data. Banks educational institutions & insurance companies use
mainframe computers to store data about their customers, students &
insurance policy holders.
Mainframe computer at Lloyds Bank
Computer institute, mid 1970s.
MINI COMPUTER
Minicomputers are used by small businesses & firms. Minicomputers are
also called as "Midrange Computers". These are small machines and can
be accommodated on a disk with not as processing and data storage
capabilities as super-computers & Mainframes. These computers are not
designed for a single user. Individual departments of a large company or
organizations use Mini- computers for specific purposes. For example, a production department can use
Mini-computers for monitoring certain production process.

CDC-160A
Originally designed to solve a problem with input and
output on CDC's first large computer, the little 160
was later modified and sold as a separate product,
the 160A. It proved quite successful in control
applications. More than 400 were made.

MICRO COMPUTER
Desktop computers, laptops, personal digital assistant (PDA), tablets & smartphones are all types of
microcomputers. The micro-computers are widely used & the fastest growing computers. These
computers are the cheapest among the other three types of computers. The Micro- computers are
specially designed for general usage like entertainment, education and work purposes. Well known
manufacturers of Micro-computer are Dell, Apple, Samsung, Sony & Toshiba.
Desktop computers, Gaming consoles, Sound & Navigation system of a car, Netbooks, Notebooks, PDA's,
Tablet PC's, Smartphones, Calculators are all type of Microcomputers.

Your first projects aren't the greatest things in the world, and they may have no money value, they may
go nowhere, but that is how you learn - you put so much effort into making something right if it is for
yourself.
Steve Wozniak- Apple Co-Founder
Computer Servicing
Software

SOFTWARE
Software is a program or a set of instructions that tells the computer what to do. Computers would be
useless without any type of software. Computer need System Software so hardware and other
Application Software that the computer user uses need would run.

The two types of software are:

1. System Software
2. Application Software

System Software
This type of software includes the OS short for Operating System and other utility software. OS is the
most important program that makes the hardware functions. All computers must have an operating
system so other programs like application software would run.

MICROSOFT
Microsoft is one of the largest and most influential computer company founded in 1975 by Paul Allen
and Bill Gates. Microsoft has a big contribution in almost every area of computer software, from
Operating systems, programming tools to end- user applications. Some of the popular Operating system
made by Microsoft are the following:

APPLE MACINTOSH OS
Apple Computer was invented by Steve Wozniak and Steve Jobs and the Apple Company is founded by
Steve Wozniak, Steve Jobs with Ron Wayne in April 1, 1976.

LINUX
Linux is a free and open-source operating system developed by Linus Torvalds and was first introduced
in 1991. The Linux kernel runs on numerous different platforms including the Intel and Alpha platform
and is available under the GNU General Public License.

APPLICATION SOFTWARE
Application software is a specialized program that could execute a specific job for the user. It would only
run in its compatible Operating System.

COMMERCIAL SOFTWARE
Refers to any software that is designed for sale to serve a commercial need. Commercial software is
usually proprietary software

FOSS
Acronym for Free or Open Source Software. FOSS programs are those that have licenses that allow
users to freely run the program for any purpose, modify the program as they want, and also to freely
distribute copies of either the original version or their own modified version.

FREEWARE
Copyrighted software given away for free by the author. Although it is available for free, the author
retains the copyright, which means that you cannot do anything with it that is not expressly allowed by
the author. Usually, the author allows people to use the software, but not sell it.
SHAREWARE
(n.) Software distributed on the basis of an honor system. Most shareware is delivered free of charge,
but the author usually requests that you pay a small fee if you like the program and use it regularly. By
sending the small fee, you become registered with the producer so that you can receive service
assistance and updates.

The CPU, or the Central Processing Unit, is the brain of the computer and one of the most important
chip in the computer. New CPUs are small and square and contain multiple metallic connectors or pins
on the underside. The CPU is inserted directly into a CPU socket, pin side down, on the motherboard.

1. Manufacturer:
The two common manufacturer for Desktop and Laptop computers are Intel and AMD Choosing a
processor manufacturer will Depend on which motherboards are compatible with your CPU.

Intel was founded on July 18, 1968, by semiconductor pioneers Robert Noyce and Gordon Moore who
left Fairchild Semiconductor to do so. Originally called "NM Electronics" for Noyce and Moore, the
company purchased the rights to use the name "Intel," short for Integrated Electronics, from a company
called Intelco. The term "intel" already being associated with "intelligence" was a bonus.

1969
Co-founder Jerry Sanders named AMD's first president and CEO.
AMD incorporates with $100,000; establishes headquarters in Sunnyvale, California. Advanced Micro
Devices was formally incorporated on May 1, 1969, by Jerry Sanders, along with seven of his colleagues
from Fairchild Semiconductor

PROCESSOR TYPE
• DESKTOP PROCESSOR
• MOBILE PROCESSOR
• SERVER PROCESSOR
2. Processor type:
Desktop Processor - use to build a desktop computers.

4th generation Intel@ CoreTM processor family

Processor numbers for the 4th generation Intel@ CoreTM processors use an alphanumeric scheme
based on generation and product line following the brand and its modifier. The first digit in the four-
number sequence indicates the generation of processor, and the next three digits are SKU numbers.
Where applicable, an alpha suffix appears at the end of the processor name, which represents the
processor line. Intel@ High End Desktop Processors follow a different numbering scheme due to the
difference in their feature set.
9. 64-bit support: Whether your processor supports 64- bit software or not. Just like everyone switched
from 16- bit to 32-bit many years ago, in order to be able to use more memory in our computers, we are
now switching to 64-bit, in order to lift the 4GB memory limit of 32-bit.

Note that the processor data bus is also called the front side bus (FSB), processor side bus (PSB), or just
CPU bus. All these terms refer to the bus that is between the CPU and the main chipset component
(North Bridge or Memory Controller Hub). Intel uses the FSB or PSB terminology, whereas AMD uses
only FSB.

6. Frequency:
Still the most important factor in performance for today's cpus, the frequency represents the speed at
which the processor runs, in GHz (1GHz = 1024MHz). Video games performance is very dependent on
frequency, to the point where a fast dual-core processor will outperform a slower quad-core processor
in most video games

4. The Processor Socket Type:

The processor socket is where you will insert the CPU. To ensure that they are compatible, match your
motherboard socket type with your CPU socket type and always refer to the motherboard manual for
the list of compatible its compatible CPU.

Mobile Processor —are used for notebooks and other mobile computers.

AMD's mainstream APUs, which include integrated Radeon graphics, follow a different formula. Let's
use the AMD A8-5600K as an example.

Product line Generation Model Number Suffix

A8 5 600 K
The product line tells you if a product is an A- Series, E-Series processor, or C-Series processor. The A-
Series is AMD's mainstream laptop and desktop processor line, and the E- Series and C-Series are meant
only for inexpensive, low-power systems like netbooks and tablets (in other words, they're slower).
The AMD FX-Series, which is only available for desktop computers, works like this. We'll use the FX-8350
as an example.
The product line will always be FX, so let's skip to core count. This is a simple one-to-one translation. If
it's an FX-4100, it has four cores. If it's an FX-8350, it has eight cores. And so on.
Product line Generation Generation Model Number
FX 8 3 50
Server Processors - used in servers computers.
Each type have different performance, power consumption and price.
4. The Processor Socket Type:
The processor socket is where you will insert the CPU. To ensure that they are compatible, match your
motherboard socket type with your CPU socket type and always refer to the motherboard manual for
the list of compatible its compatible CPU.

5. Core:
A multicore processor, as the name implies, actually contains two or more processor cores in a single
processor package. From outward appearances, it still looks like a single processor (and is considered as
such for Windows licensing purposes), but inside there can be two, three, four, or even more processor
cores. A multicore processor provides virtually all the advantages of having multiple separate physical
processors, all at a much lower cost.
You'll usually notice that a core is associated with a particular series. The core is a good indicator of
performance, before considering other important factors such as frequency (speed in GHz) and cache
(Very fast onboard CPU memory) that is.
6. Frequency:
Still the most important factor in performance for today's cpus, the frequency represents the speed at
which the processor runs, in GHz (1GHz = 1024MHz). Video games performance is very dependent on
frequency, to the point where a fast dual-core processor will outperform a slower quad-core processor
in most video games

7. FSB, Hyper-Transport or QPI:

This is the speed at which your processor communicates with other components in your system, such as
the memory for example. A higher speed means higher bandwidth, or in plain English, your system will
be able to move more data in a given time, increasing performance in specific cases.
You must make sure that it meets or is lower than your motherboard supported speed in order for your
processor to function with the motherboard.
Note that the processor data bus is also called the front side bus (FSB), processor side bus (PSB),
or just CPU bus. All these terms refer to the bus that is between the CPU and the main chipset
component (North Bridge or Memory Controller Hub). Intel uses the FSB or PSB terminology,
whereas AMD uses only FSB.

8. L2/L3 cache:
Cache is really quick on-board cpu memory, much faster than RAM, that your processor use to store
data that is about to be processed and/or is used often. The more cache you have, the more data your
processor can store for ultra-quick access and the more performance you'll get out of your processor.
Video games performance greatly benefit from more L2 and L3 cache.

9. 64-bit support: Whether your processor supports 64- bit software or not. Just like everyone switched
from 16- bit to 32-bit many years ago, in order to be able to use more memory in our computers, we are
now switching to 64-bit, in order to lift the 4GB memory limit of 32-bit.
CPU HOLDER is a portion in the motherboard which holds the CPU (Central Processing Unit) or simply as
processor.
There are two major manufacturer of personal computer processor:
 INTEL
 AMD

Socket 478 is a ZIF-type socket for the Pentium 4 and Celeron 4 (Celerons based on the Pentium 4 core)
introduced in October 2001.
It was specially designed to support additional pins for future Pentium 4 processors and speeds over
2GHz.

Socket LGA775
(also called Socket T) is used by the Core 2 Duo/Quad processors, the most recent versions of the Intel
Pentium 4 Prescott processor and the Pentium D and Pentium Extreme Edition processors.
Some versions of the Celeron and Celeron D also use Socket LGA775. Socket LGA775, unlike earlier Intel
processor sockets, uses a land grid array format, so the pins are on the socket, rather than the
processor.

Socket LGA1156
(also known as Socket H) was introduced in September 2009 and was designed to support Intel Core i
Series processors featuring an integrated chipset North Bridge, including a dual- channel DDR3 memory
controller and optional integrated graphics. Socket LGA1156 uses a land grid array format, so the pins
are on the socket, rather than the processor.

Socket LGA1366
(also known as Socket - B) was introduced in November 2008 to support high-end Intel Core i Series
processors, including an integrated triple-channel DDR3 memory controller, but which also requires an
external chipset North Bridge, in this case called an I/O Hub (IOH). Socket LGA1366 uses a land grid array
format, so the pins are on the socket, rather than the processor.

Socket LGA1155
(also known as Socket H2) was introduced in January 2011 to support Intel's Sandy Bridge (second-
generation) Core i Series processors, which now include Turbo Boost overclocking.
Socket LGA1155 uses a land grid array format, so the pins are on the socket, rather than the processor.
Socket LGA1155 uses the same cover plate as Socket 1156, but is not interchangeable with it.
Socket LGA1155 is also used by Intel's Ivy Bridge (third-generation) Core i Series processors.
LGA1155 supports up to 16 PCIe v3 lanes and 8 PCIe 2.0 lanes.

Socket LGA2011
Socket LGA2011 was introduced in November 2011 to support high- performance versions of Intel's
Sandy Bridge (second-generation) Core i Series processors (Sandy Bridge-E), which now include Turbo
Boost overclocking.
LGA2011 supports 40 PCIe 3.0 lanes, quad-channel memory addressing, and fully-unlocked processor
multipliers.
Socket LGA2011 uses a land grid array format, so the pins are on the socket, rather than the processor.
Socket 939 and Socket 940
Socket 939 is used with the Socket 939 versions of the AMD Athlon 64, 64 FX, and 64 X2 It's also used by
some versions of the AMD Opteron processor for workstations and servers.
Motherboards using this socket support conventional unbuffered DDR SDRAM modules in either single-
or dual-channel mode, rather than the server-oriented (more expensive) registered modules required by
Socket v .940 motherboards.
Sockets 939 and 940 have different pin arrangements and processors for each and are not
interchangeable.

Socket AM2
In May 2006, AMD introduced processors that use a new socket, called Socket AM2
AM2 was the first replacement for the confusing array of Socket 754, Socket and Socket 940 form
factors for the Athlon 64, Athlon 64 FX, and Athlon 64 X2 processors.

Socket AM3
Socket AM3 was introduced in February 2009, primarily to support processors with integrated DDR3
memory controllers such as the Phenom II.
Besides adding support for DDR3 memory, Socket AM3 has 941 pins in a modified key pin configuration
that physically prevents Socket AM2 or AM2+ processors from being inserted.

Socket F (1207FX)
Socket F (also called 1207FX) was introduced by AMD in August 2006 for its Opteron line of server
processors. Socket F is AMD's first land grid array (LGA) socket, similar to Intel's Socket LGA775.
It features 1,207 pins in a 35-by-35 grid, with the pins in the socket instead of on the processor.
Socket F normally appears on motherboards in pairs because it is designed to run dual physical
processors on a single motherboard.
Socket F was utilized by AMD for its Quad FX processors, which are dual-core processors sold in matched
pairs, operating as a dual socket dual-core system.
Future versions may support quad-core processors, for a total of 8 cores in the system.
Due to the high expense of running dual physical processors, only a limited number of non-server
motherboards are available with Socket F.

Socket FMI
Socket FMI was introduced by AMD in July 2011 for use by accelerated processing units (APUs - CPU plus
GPU) and CPUs based on the Llano core. These include the Ax-3xxx series APUs and some Athlon II CPUs,
as well as the E2-3200 APU.
FM1 has 905 pins in a 31 x 31 grid and uses a PGA socket similar to those used by previous AMD
processors.
Socket FMI supports DDR3 memory. It was replaced by Socket FM2

Socket FM2
Socket FM1 was introduced by AMD in September 2012 for use by its Trinity series of APUs.
These include the Ax-5xxx series APUs.
FM2 has 904 pins in a 31 x 31 grid and uses a PGA socket similar to those used by previous AMD
processors.
Socket FM2 supports DDR3 memory.