Verb to BE (ser ó estar):

Este verbo es el que sufre más transformaciones a la hora de conjugarlo, de acuerdo a la

persona a la que acompañe.

1. Revise la siguientes estructuras y completar

SINGULAR : afirmativo Negativo Preguntas

I AM AM NOT AM I ...?
YOU ARE ARE NOT ARE YOU...?
HE IS is not is he…?
SHE IS IS NOT IS SHE...?
IT IS is not is it…?
PLURAL
WE ARE are not are we…?
YOU ARE ARE NOT ARE YOU...?
THEY ARE .................... ........................?

Nota: Las formas AM NOT/ ARE NOT /IS NOT se pueden contraer de la siguiente
manera: ´m not – aren´t - isn´t.
El verb to BE se usa para hablar de datos personales, ubicación é información general .
Ejemplos:
a) I am from Argentina.
b) She is at school.
c) Argentina is in America.

Exercices:

2. Lea la entrevista de trabajo a continuación:

Mr. Fletcher:Good morning.

Assistant: Good morning Sir. Please, sit down.
What´s your name, please?
Mr Fletcher: I´m Mark Fletcher.
Assistant:Where are you from?
Mr. Fletcher:I´m from Canada.
Assistant:How old are you?
Mr Fletcher:I´m 40 years old.
Assistant:What´s your occupation?
Mr. Fletcher:I´m a Pilot.
Assistant:What´s your marital status?
Mr. Fletcher: Pardon...?
Assistant:Are you married or single, Mr Fletcher?
Mr Fletcher:Oh, I´m Married.
Assistant:What´s your wife´s name?
Mr Fletcher: Her name is Sonia Smith.
Assistant:What´s your wife´s occupation?
Mr. Fletcher:She´s a housewife
Assistant: Have you got any children?
Mr Fletcher:Yes, we have got two daughters.
Assistant:What are their names?
Mr. Fletcher:They are Jane and Carol.
Assistant:How old are they?
Mr Fletcher:They are 10 and 12 years old.
Assistant:Thank you Mr. Fletcher.

3. Responda a las siguientes preguntas con estructuras formadas por el verb to

Be:

1.What´s your name?

...................................................................................
2.Where are you from?
...................................................................................
3.What is your occupation?
.....................................................................................
4.How old are you?
.....................................................................................
5.What is your marital status?
......................................................................................

4. Complete con la forma correcta del verbo to BE en cada espacio:

1.Jane and Carol........................sisters.

2.Mr. Fletcher and his wife.......................from the USA.(not)
3......................Mr Fletcher a teacher? No, he.........................
4..........................Jane and Carol in the office? -No, they.....................
5.Sonia ...................a secretary. (not)
6.I.....................studying Geography at the moment.
7..............................you at work? -Yes, I......................
8.It...........................a beautiful day.
9.Argentina.............................in the USA. (not)
10.Where ...................she from? - She ..................from Italy.

5. Transformar al negativo y preguntas las siguientes oraciones:

1. Mary and John are italian.

..................................................................
..................................................................?
2. My sister is 29 years old?
......................................................................
...................................................................?
3.You are an architect.
.....................................................................
....................................................................?
4.I am learning English.
....................................................................
....................................................................?
5.Buenos Aires is 1,000 km far from Virasoro.
......................................................................
......................................................................?

THERE IS/THERE ARE.

La expresión “there is” esta formada por el adverbio de lugar THERE + IS/ARE. Esta
expresión significa “HAY” en castellano. Su uso difiere con el castellano en que se usa una
forma para el singular (there is), y otra para el plural(there are).

Ej. There is a student in the classroom.

There are 20 students in the classroom.
El negativo se hace en los verbos is/are.

Ej. There is a computer but there isn´t a student.

There are some biscuits but there aren´t any tea.

Para el interrogativo se invierten los verbos is/are con el sujeto.

Ej. Is there any milk in the fridge? –Yes, there is a bottle.

Are there apples in the cupboard? – No, there aren´t.

6. Complete the following exercices with “is” or “are”:

1.There...............a car in front of my house.

2.There................some people outside the bank.
3...............there a teacher in this classroom?- No, there..................
4................there chairs in the kitchen? –Yes, there.......................
5.There...................students at school. They are at home.
6.There....................a dog at home. We have got a cat.

La expresión there is/are generalmente va acompañada del uso de preposiciones , ya que se

usa mucho para ubicar objetos, personas y lugares. Algunas de ellas son:
Next to: al lado de…
Opposite: opuesto a…
In front of: en frente de…
behind: detrás de…
between: en medio de…
in: dentro/en
on:sobre/encima de…

Ej. There is a car in front of my house.

 There are some trees in the garden.
There is a shop between the bank and the hospital.
There is someone behind the tree.

7. Complete the following sentences using there is/are, y las preposiciones : on ,

in, next to, under.

1)................................some shops .....................the restaurant.

2)................................a box .......................table.
3).................................an umbrella ........................the basket.
4).................................a church...........................the bank and the school.
5)..................................some papers ........................the chair.
6).................................three students........................the classroom.
7).................................. a girl................................the house.
8)....................................two cats ....................the grass.

Verb to Be Past: Verbo ser ó estar en pasado.

Se usa para hablar de estados ó ubicaciones (localizaciones) en el pasado.
I was--------------yo era ó estaba
You were----------tu eras ó estabas
She was------------ella era ó estaba
He was-------------él era ó estaba
It was--------------Eso era ó estaba

We were----------Nosotros éramos ó estabamos

You were---------Ustedes eran ó estaban
They were--------Ellos/ellas eran ó estaban

Para negar se agrega Not al verbo o sea:

I wasn´t / you weren´t

8. Pasar al negativo las siguientes oraciones:

1. Mary was at home yesterday......................................................................

2. Peter was studying english.........................................................................
3. You were at the cinema last night...............................................................
4. We were friends last year...........................................................................
5. John and Paul were here............................................................................
6. I was at hospital .........................................................................................
7. You and I were at the club.........................................................................
8. It was raining yesterday..............................................................................

Para preguntar se invierte el verbo (was/were) con el sujeto:

You were at school yesterday.-------Were you at school yesterday?

9. Pasar las oraciones de arriba al interrogativo:

1......................................................................................................?
2.......................................................................................................?
3.......................................................................................................?
4........................................................................................................?
5.......................................................................................................?
6........................................................................................................?
7........................................................................................................?
8.........................................................................................................?

Simple Past: Con este tiempo se describen eventos en el pasado.

Estudie las siguientes oraciones:

I write on the book.

I wrote on the book yesterday.

You play tennis everyday.

You played tennis last week.

Para el afirmativo del pasado simple se utiliza el sujeto más el pasado de los verbos.

Mary drove the car yesterday.

Sujeto +past verb

Para el negativo, se utiliza un auxiliar en pasado que es DID NOT o sea didn´t + el verbo
en infinitivo.

EJ. The boy walked on the park a week ago.

The boy didn´t walk on the park a week ago.

Para las preguntas , se invierte el auxiliar DID con el sujeto de la oración y luego se
coloca el infinitivo del verbo.

EJ: Tomas ran with the boys yesterday.

Did Tomas run with the boys yesterday?

Aux.+sujeto+verbo infinitivo

10. Pasar las siguientes oraciones al pasado:

Ejemplos:

1) Jane is at home. (yesterday)

2) Peter drive his father´s car.(last week)

3) You are in the classroom.(an hour ago)

4) She arrives home (an hour ago)

5) I am studying english.(yesterday)

6) We are friends.(last year)

7) Mabel and I live here.( a year ago)

8) Steffi is in this house.( last week)

.
9) You go to the beach.(in 1999)

10) Tom is using the computer.(a minute ago)

11) Pasar al negativo:

Jane was at home yesterday.

.....................................................................................
Peter drove his father´s car yesterday.
.....................................................................................
You were in the classroom an hour ago.
....................................................................................
She arrived home an hour ago.
....................................................................................
I was studying english yesterday.
....................................................................................
We were friends last year.
...................................................................................
Mabel and I lived here last year.
...................................................................................
You went to the beach in 1999.
...................................................................................
Tom was using the computer a minute ago.
...................................................................................