YOuUMD stuay ror civit services SCSGYAN “w'Ihdj @studyforcivilservices 1 ENVIRONMENT LISTING ‘ela UeweTT (2022) - ENGLISH MEDIUM STUDY FOR CIVIL SERVICES - GYAN Subject wise / Topic wise Compilation + Listing PDFs released by Study For Civil Services are updated on regular basis with relevant additions of important facts and nuances which are guided by recent trends and emerging exam patterns of most recent papers conducted by Civil Services Commissions. SCSGYAN Paid Group Join Pet & fag fir 564880530 stuaT 9696066089 UT 7523864455 wW @ aia / agety wt Gyan Sir WhatsApp - 7838692618 SsYoUUMWD sway For civil services SCSGYAN “ow'falj @studyforcivilservices ESE EE ee Uttar Pradesh (1 National Park) | Dudhwa National Park Lakhimpur Khert 1977 ‘Uttarakhand (6 National Park) | Corbett National Park ‘Nainital, Pauri- 1936 Garhwal ‘Gangotri National Park. Uttarkhashi 1988 ‘Govind National Park. Urtarkashi 1990 ‘Nanda Devi National Park ‘Chamoli 1982 Rajaji National Park Dehradun, Pauri 1983 Garhwal, Haridwar Valley of Flowers National Chamoli 1982 Parke Bihar (1 National Park) ‘Valmiki National Park. ‘West Champaran 7989 ‘Andhra Pradesh Papikonda National Parke East Godavari and West | 2008 Godavari Rajiv Gandhi (Rameswaram] Kuddapah 2008 ‘Sri Venkateswara National Chittar and Kuddapah_| 1989 Parke ‘Arunachal Pradesh ‘Mouling National Park Upper Siang 1986 ‘Namdapha National Park ‘Changlang 1983 | Assam ibrueSaildhowa National Park | Darrang and Soniipur | 1999) ‘Kaziranga National Park. Golaghat, Nagaon, 1974 Sonitpur, ‘Manas National Park Barpeta, Bongaigaon 1990 Nameri National Parke Sonitour 1998 Rajiv Gandhi (Grang) National | Darrang and Sonipur | 1999, Parke Raimona National Park (It was Rokrajhar Jane 2021 the 6th national park of Assam and the 105th national park of India] Dihing Patkai National Park (| Dibrogarh and Tinsukia | June, 2021 was the seventh national park. of Assam and the 106th national park of india) Chhattisgarh ‘Guru Ghasidas (Sanjay) Surgujaand Korea 1981 National Park Tndravati (Kuthu) National Dantewada 1982 Parke ‘Ranger Valley National Park Bastar i982 Goa ‘Mollem National Park National North Goa 1992 Park Gujarat Blackbuck (Velavadary Bhavnagar 1976 National Parle (Gir National Park Tunagarh Tas Marine (Gulf of Kachchh) Jamnagar 1982 National Parke ‘Vansda National Parke Navsarh 1979 Haryana Kalesar National Park Yamuna Nagar 2008 Sultanpur National Park Gurugram (Gurgaon) | 1989 Himachal Pradesh ‘Great Himalayan National Park Kull 1984 Tnderkilla National Park Kullu 2010 Khirganga National Park Kullu 2010 Pin Valley National Park. Tahal and Spit 1987 ‘Col Sherjung Simbalbara Sirmaur, 2010 Jharkhand ‘Betla National Park Latehar 1986 Karnataka. “Anshi National Parke Uifara Kannada 1987 ‘Bandipur National Park Mysore and, 1974 Chamarajanagar Bannerghatta National Park Bengalore 1974 [kudremukh National Park Chikmagalur, Dakshina | 1987YOUU stuay For civit Services SCSGYAN “o" Bil @studyforcivitservices Tanna Nagaraole (Rav Gandy Kodagu, Mysore 1308 National Park Kerala Anamul Shola National Park Tak B00 vlan National Park idk 1978 Mathikettan Shola National idk 2003 Park Pambadum Shola National Tak 300 Park Periyar National Park Taka Quilon 158 Sitent Valley National Park Palaklad 1984 ‘Madhya Pradesh (11 Nation: ‘Bandhavgarh National Park ‘Umaria 1968 Park Highest Number of Park inindiay ‘Dinosaur Fossils National Park Dhar 2011 Posi National Park Mandala 1903 Pench National Parle Sivan, Chhindwara—[ 1975 Karka National Park Mandala, Balaghat, | 1955 Dindori Kuno National Park Sheopur, Muraina—| 078 Madhav National Park Panna, hhatarpar—| 1959 Panna National Park Pasa and Chhatarpur_| 1961 Sanjay National Park Siddhi i901 Satpura National Park Fachmarhl 1981 Van Vitar National Park Bhopal 1978 Maharashira Chandcl National Park Sengh 2004 “Gupamal National Fark Fenrsvat 1975 Rawegaon National Park Gondia 1975 ‘Pench (Jawaharlal Nehru) ‘Nagpur 1975 ‘Sanjay Gandhi (Borivilli) ‘Thane, Mumbai 1983 Taba National Fark Chandrapur 1955 Manipur KeibuleLamjao National Park Bishnupur 1977 Shiro National Park Imphal 1982 Meghalaya Balphakram National Parc South of Garo ills [1986 Nokrek Ridge National Park West Garo Hills 1997 Mizoram Murlen National Park Champhai 1991 Phawngpui (Blue Mountain) Lawngtat 1992 Nagaland Tntanks National Park Dimapur 1993 Odisha Bhitarkanlka National Park Rendrapara 1998 Simlipal National Park Mayurbhany 1980 Rajasthan Desert National Park Tiisalmer, farmer —[ 1992 eolatieo Ghana National Park Bharatpur 1981 Mulund Hs National Park Kot 2006 Ranthambhore National Park | Sawai Madhopur 1580 Sariska National Park Alwar 1992 Siem ‘Khangchendzonga National North Sine 197 Park Tam Nai ‘Guindy National Park Chena 157 GulFof Mannar Marine Rammathpuram 1980 Tutlkoria Tndira Gand (annanmalaly Coimbatore 730 Mudumalai National Park Ng 1990 Mulurthi National Park Nile 1990 Telangana Kasu Brahmananda Reddy Taiderabad 1994 Mahaveer Varina Vanasthall Ranga Redd 1994 Mugavani National Park Ranga Redd 1994 Tripare loaded Leopard National West Tripura 2007 Park Bison (Rajbar) Nalonal Park | Southern THpura [2007 West Beal Buxa National Park Tabpalgue 1992 Gorumara National Fark Talpaiguri 1992 Taldapara National Park jaltapara 2014 [Neora Valley National Park Darjeeling, 1986 RENEEYoUUMWD sway For civil services “Bal @studyforcivitservices SCSGYAN Singala National Parke DarjeaTng 73 Sunderban National Park | South Eastern tip ofthe | 1984 24 Paraganas district ‘Andaman & Nicobar Ilands | Canmpbell Bay National Park ‘Andaman TZ Galathea Bay National Park Nicobar 1992 Mafatama Gandhi Marine Andaman 1953 (Wandoor) Mount Harriett National Park findaman rd Rani Jhansi Marine National ‘Andaman 1996 Park Sade Peak National Par Andaman Tae Jammu & Kashmir City Forest (Salim Ali) National ‘Srinagar 1992 Park Dachigamn National Park TinagrandPuama [1907 azinag National Park Baramulla 7000 Kishtwar High Alte Rightwar and Doda] 1981 National Park Tada [Hemis National Park Tah Tae Cc Himachal | Chandratal, Pong Dam Lake, Renuka Delhi | Asola Bhat (Indira Priyadarshini) Pradesh Study For Civil Services « Gyan Jammu- | Changthal Cold Desert, Hokersar, Surinsar= “Aranachal_| Paki, Sesa Orchid Kashmir | Mansar Pradesh Tharkhand | Dalma, Gautam Buddha, Hazaribagh, Parasnath, | Mizoram | Dampa, Thorantalag, Palamu, Topchanchi Karnataka | Dandeli, Ghatprabha, Chincholl Talakaveri Tripura | Gumti Sepahijala Kerala | Thadekkad Birds, [dukki, Neyyar, Uttarakhan | Kedarnath Parambikulam, Malabar, Periyar, Voynad, q Kumaracom ‘Andhra | Koringa, Kolleru, Nagarjuna Sagar=Srisailam, | Madhya | Borl Gandbi Sagar, Rashtriya Chambal, Pradesh | Pranahita Pradesh _| Panna, Tatapani, Telangana | Nagarjuna Sagar- Shri Shallam, Pranahita, Waharashtr | Phansad, Bor, Kalasubal-Harishchandraghat, Kinneersani a | Melghat, Nagiira Bird, Penganga, Umred | Karhandla Barela Lake (presenteday Salim Al/jubba Sahni] Odisha | Bhitarkanika, Chalka, Gahirmatha (Marine) Bihar Birds Vihar), Bhimbandb, Gautam Buddha, Nandankanan, Satkosta Garage, Simlipal Kanwarahil, Kaimur, Valmiki, Vikramashila Ganga-Dolphin Chandigarh | Sukhna Lake Rajasthan | Mount Abu, Sariska, Jawahar Sagar, National Chambal, Van Vihar Tarike Lake Nagaland | Fakim ‘Achanakmar, Sitanadi ‘Assam — | Deepor Beal, Bast Karbi Anglong, tavakhova Bhagwan Mahaveor (Moller) Tamil Nadu | Kodaikanal, Nellai, Point Callmar, Pulicat Lake, Satyamangalam, Kalaltkad, Indira Gandhi (Annamalai), Vedanthangal, Gujarat | Great indian Bustard, Gir, Gulf of Kutch (Morin), | Uttar | Bakhira, Kaimur, Mahavir Swami, Rashiviva Nal Sarovar, Narayan Sarovar (Chinkara) Pradesh | Chambal, Okhla Bird, Patna Bird Vihar Poorna, Wild AssYouUMWD stuay ror civil services SCSGYAN “w'Ihdj @studyforcivilservices Project Tiger 1973 | Preventing the reduction in the number of tigers and increasing thelr number. Project Red Panda 1996 | Red panda is found in the forests of Sikkim, Arunachal Pradesh and Darjeeling at an altitude of 1500 to 400 meters in the eastern Himalayan region of India ‘The project was started in Padmaja Naidu Himalayan Zoological Park in collaboration ‘with the World Nature Fund. Project Thamin Deer 1977 | Thamin deer are found in Manipur. Itis one of the world’s rare mammals. Project Turtle 1975 | One of the distinct species of turtle is the Olive Ridley South American turtle, which Conservation migrates every year to lay eggs on the eastern coasts of India (especially on the ‘Odisha coast) in winter. They are used in making valuable medicine. In order to protect them, the Government of Odisha had started the Turtle Conservation Project in the year 1975 from the Bhitarkanika Sanctuary. ‘The breeding ground ofthis turtle isthe Gahirmatha beach of Odisha, which is a3 km Jong and about 350 meters wide island located between the mouths of two rivers in the Bhitarkanika Sanctuary. Mangrove forests are found inthis sanctuary. Project Rhino 1987 [one horned rhino is found only in India. The Manas wildlife Sanctuary and Kaziranga National Park of Assam and the jalapadara Sanctuary of West Bengal are the major, refuge sites for rhinos. Their horn is used in making medicine. GHARIAL BREEDING | 1975 | The Government of india started this project from Odisha from the year 1975 with PROJECT the assistance of United Nations Development Program. The same scheme has been ‘expanded also in Kukrail (Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh) Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, ‘Andaman, Assam, Bihar and Nagaland. Vulture Conservation | 2006 {In the year 2006, in the MoU between Haryana Forest Department and Bombay Project Natural History Society was signed with the goal of conservation of vultures.The reason for the death of vultures is non steroidal antisinflammatory drugs (NSAID), called diclafenae. given to animals, This vulture conservation project was ‘commissioned from Junagadh, Bhopal, Hyderabad and Bhubaneswar. The first vulture breeding center ofthe country has been established in Dharampur, Assam. Girtion Project 1973 | Gir Sanctuary was declared a national park inthe year 1973. Along with this, the Gir Lion Project was started by the Central Gavernment from this park. Gir Park i also known as the home ofthe Asiatic lions, Spread within an area of 1412 sq kr in Junagadh district of Gujarat, this National Parkis now the only national park ‘where these lions are found, Porject Elephant 1952 |The elephant is the largest terrestrial mammal found tnTadia luis placed in the schedulesi ofthe Wildlife Protection Act of India, 1972. On 7 December, 1992, Project Elephant was started by the Central Government in Singhbhum Jharkhand) district, ‘Major elephant reserves of india are Periyar Sanctuary (Kerala), Manas Sanctuary and Kaziranga National Park (in Assam), Rajaji National Park and fim Corbett National Park (Uttarakhand). So far, 32 Elephant reserves have been declared under Project Blephant The elephant was declared a national heritage animal inthe year 2010. Project Musk Deer 1970 [itwas tarted inthe year 1970 at Kedarnath Sanctuary, Uttarakhand in collaboration ‘with [UCN for conservation of musk deer. Musk is feund only in male antelope. These antelopes are found inthe Himalayan regions from the Chamba Valley in Himachal Pradesh to Sikkim. Conservation of 1997 |Itisa threatened species which is placed in Schedule-1 of the Wildlife Protection Act, Gangetic Dolphin 1972. “The endangered fauna Ganges Dolphin was declared a national aquatic animal by the Ministry of Forest and Environment on 5 October 2009. Ieis found in the Ganga Brahmaputra - Meghna and Karnafuli Sangu river systems of, India, Nepal, Bangladesh. ‘The Ganges dolphin can survive only in clean habitat. The Vikramashila Ganga Dolphin Sanctuary has been established in the central Ganges River area from Sultanganj to Kahalgaon in Bhagalpur district of Bihar, Asia's only safe habitat for Ganges Dolphin conservation. Inaddition to the Ganges dolphin, 3 more dolphin species in the world - ‘+ BaijiDolphin (in China's Yangtze River) ‘+ Indus Bhulan dolphin (In Indus river of Pakistan) and ‘+ Boto dolphin (found in the Amazon River of America). Project Nangul 1970 | Hangul is the state animal ofthe state of Jammu and Kashmir. leis deer belonging to By the Jammu | the European reindeer species. Its now found only in the Dachigam National Park in and Kashmir_| Kashmir, Itis also known as Kashmiri StagYOUU stuay For civit Services SCSGYAN “sll @studyforcivilservices government Global Tiger Forum 1993 _| Its objective was to ensure the protection and conservation of tigers by mutual Establishment | cooperation of all countries. in Delhi National Wind-Solar | 14th May, _ |The main objective ofthe policy isto provide a framework for promotion oflarge grid Hybrid Policy| 2018 | connected wind-solar PV hybrid system for optimal and efficient utilization of wind and solar resources, transmission infrastructure and land. [Biosphere Reserve | tncluded in UNESCO list Simlipal aisha 2009 Bay of Mannar Tamil Nada 2001 Great nicobar “Andaman-Nicobar 2013 ‘Agastyamalal Tamil Nad 2016 Nokrek Meghalaya 2009 ‘Amarkantak, Achanakmar | Madhya Pradesh / Chattisgarh 2012 Nii Kerala, Karataka, Tamil Nadu 2000 Panchmarbi Madhya Pradesh 2009 Kanchenjunga Sikkim 2018 Sundarbans West Bengal 2001 Nanda devi Urrarakhand 2004 Panna (125) (Madhya Pradesh Gcxober, 2020 ort ery rer Ty Pony reeteron Dibru-Saikhowa 1997 [765 Assam (Golden langur Dihang-Dibang. 1998 5117 ‘Arunachal Pradesh ‘Musk deer, Mishra takin, red goral, Asiatic black bear Panchamarhi 13334906 Madhya Pradesh Giant squirrel, lying squirrel Kanchenzanga 2000 [2619 Sikkim (Kanchenjunga] | Red panda, snow leopard ‘Agasthymalai 2001 | 3500 “Tamil Nadu, Kerala’ ‘Nilgieitabr, elephants ‘Achanakmar Amarkantak 2005 [3835 Madhya Pradesh Blackbuck, chinkara, wolves, giant Chhattisgarh squirrels Rann of Kutch 2008 [12454 Gujarat Indian wild ass Cold Desert 2009 [7770 Himachal Pradesh ‘Snow Leopard ‘Sheshachalam 2010 [4756 “Andhra Pradesh Slender loris and pangolin (critically lengangered species) Panna Zit [2999 Madhya Pradesh Tiger, Chitai, Chinkara, Sambhar and sloth bear Gulfof Mannar 1989 | 10500 Tamil Nadu coast Dugong or sea cow Nilgiet 1986/5520 Tamil Nadu, Kerala, TNilgir tabr, Hon-talled macaque Karnataka Nanada Devi 1988 6497 Uttarkhand ‘Snow leopard, black bear, brown bear, musk deer, snowcock, golden eagle and black eagle. Nokrake i988 820 Meghalaya Red panda Manas 1989 [2837 Assam Red Panda, Golden langur Sundarban 1989 [9630 West Bengal Royal Bengal Tiger Great Nicobar 1989885 ‘Andaman and Nicobar Salt water crocodile Islands Simlipal 1994/4374 Odisha Gaur, Royal Bengal Tiger, wild [ElephantYouUMWD stay For civit Services SCSGYAN “sll @studyforcivilservices ‘States Tiger reserve Year ‘Area (kam) ‘Assam Kaziranga 2006 1173.58 Manas 1973-74 315092 Nameri 1999-2000 3H Orang, 2016 92.46 ‘Arunachal Pradesh | Namdapha 1982-83 2052.82 Pakhui 1999-2000 119845 Kamlang 2016 788 ‘Andhra Pradesh | Nagarjuna-Sagar- Srisailam 1982-83, 3296.31 Telangana | Amrabad 1983 2611.39 Kaaval 2011 2019.12 Bihar Valmiki 1989-90 299.38 Chhattisgarh | Indravatl 1982-83 279807 ‘Achanakmar 2008 ‘914017 UdantiSitanadi 2008-09, 1842.54 JRarkhand | Palamu 3973 -74 1129.93, Kamataka | Bandipur 1973-74 14563 Nagarhole 1999-2000 1205.76 Bhadra 1938-99 1064.29 DandelisAnshi 2007 4087514 Billig Ranganath 2017 57482 Kerala Periyar 1978-79 925 Parambikulam 2007 643.662 Madbya Pradesh | Bandhavgarh 1993-94 1598.1 (Tiger State) ‘Satpura 1999-2000 213330 Kanha 1973-74 2051791 Panna 994-95, 1578.55 Pench 1992-93 1173.63, Sanjay Dube 2008 1674502 Maharashtra | Melghat 1973-74 2768.52 Pench 1992-93, 74122 ‘Tadoba-Andheri 1993-94 172759 Sahyadri 2008-09 116557 Navegaan Nagajira 2033 653.67 Bore 2070 138.12 Mizoram | Dampha 1994-95 988 Rajasthan | Ranthambore 1973-74 141123 Sariska 1978-79 121334 Makundra Fils 2013 759.99 Ramgarh Vishdhari Wildlife 2021 10521YoUUMWD sway For civil services SCSGYAN “ow'falj @studyforcivilservices Sanctuary in Rajasthan (Bundi district) Itwas declared as India's 52nd tiger reserve Uttar Pradesh | Dudhwa 1987.88, 220177 Pilibhie 73024 ‘Amangarh 806 Uetarakdiand | fim Corbett 1973-74 1288.31 Rajaji National Parke 1983 1075.17 West Bengal | Buxa 1982-83, 757.90 Sundarbans 1973-74 2584.89 Odisha Simlipal 1973-74 2750 Satkosia 1976 963.87 Tamil Nadu | Kalakad- Mundanathurai 1988-89 1601.54 ‘Annamalai 2007 1479.87 Mudumalai 2007 698.59 Saiyamangalam 2013 1408.4 Sriviliputhur Meghamalai Tiger 2021 101657 Reserve" was declared as, 51st tiger reserve of India and the 5 Tiger Reserve of Tamil Nadu Ry Elephant range Elephant reserve State: astern India (South West Bengal, jharkhand, Gdisha) Mayurjharna West Bengal Singhbhum Jharkhand Mayurbhanj Odisha Mahanadi Odisha [Sambalpur Odisha Vaitarnt Odisha South Odisha Odisha Lemus Chhattisgarh [Badatkhod Tamorpingla | Chhattisgarh Northern Brahmapatra (Arunachal Pradesheassam) Kameng. Arunachal Pradesh Sonitpur Tassam Dakshin Brahmaputra (AssanrArunachal Pradesh) DihangePatkoL Tassam. South Arunachal Pradesh | Arunachal Pradesh ‘Kaziranga (Assam, Nagaland) Kaziranga-Karbianglong | Assam Dhansiri-Lungdog ‘Assam. Intank ‘Nagaland astern Daars (Assam-West Bengal) Chirang-ripa ‘Assam Eastern do-ask, West Bengal Eastern Himalaya (Meghalaya) Garo Hills ‘Meghalaya Khasi Hills ‘Meghalaya Nilgir Eastern Ghat (Karnataka-Kerala, Tamil Nadu-Andhra | Mysore: Karnataka Pradesh) Wayanad Kerala Nilgi [Tamil Nadu Royal ‘Andra Pradesh Southern Nigiri (Nerala-Tamil Nadu) ‘Neelambar Silent valley | Kerala Coimbatore Tamil Nadu ‘Western Ghats (Tamil Nadu-Kerala) Annamalai [Tamil Nadu ‘Anaiaudi Kerala Periyar (Rerala-Tamil Nadu) Periyar Kerala Srvilipattar Tamil Nadu Northern India (Utaraktiand) Shivalik /Rajaji National _ [Uttarakhand ParkYOuUMD stuay ror civit services SCSGYAN “w'Ihdj @studyforcivilservices Tastera region of Uttar | Uttar Pradesh Pradesh Major Alligator and Crocodile Conservation Areas of India Name State Name State ‘Gundi National Park ‘Tamil Nadu Nandarkanan Wildlife Sanctuary | Odisha ‘Chambal Wildlife Sanctuary | Rajasthan Shatkosia George Wildlife Sanctuary | Odisha Bhitarkanika Wildlife ‘Odisha Sanctua nee Etec eon ‘National Park, Wildlife Sanctuary Biosphere Reserve Are fully controlled by the Personal activities are allowed There is government control, But government. private activities are allowed in the external sector. Developed fora specific animal like | Species diversity of organismsis | The entire endemic ecosystem is, tiger, hippopotamus, elephantand_ | conserved. conserved, rhinoceros Alltypes of human activities are | Commercial activities are permitted. | Commercial activities are permitted in prohibited. the buffer zone but prohibited in the Tis boundaries are determined by administrative and legal process. Its boundaries are determined by _| Its boundaries are not dearly administrative and legal process, | demarcated, Tourism is allowed in National | Tourism is allowed here, Tourism is notallowed here. Parks, "These areas are scientifically "These areas are scientifically "These areas are scientifically administered and managed. administered and managed, administered and managed. ‘The Central Pollution Control Board created the Five Year Ganga Project Tm Year 1964 Programme. Creation of Central Ganga Authority Tn june 1985) "The first phase of Ganga Action Plan was launched by the then Prime Minister Rajiv | On 14 January, 1986 Gandhi "The Central Government has set up the National Ganga River Basin Authority’) On 20 February 2009 (NGRBA) Mission Clean Ganga was implemented hy National Ganga River Rasla Authority | From February 2009 to March 2014 ne ‘South America (Brazil South America (Venezuela) North America ‘Australia New Zealand South Africa Hu ‘Study For Givil Services - Gyan’ Pustaz Europe and North Asia Steppe. ‘Africa and Australia Savanna South America (Argentina and Uruj Pampas Campos Llanos. Prairies Downs Canterbur VeldsYouUMWD stay For civit Services SCSGYAN “Baal @studyforcivitservices COME Pee State rn Institute of Forestry Research and Human Resource Madhya Pradesh Chhindwara Development Institute for Forest Productivity Tharkhand Ranchi Indian Plywood Industries Research and Training Institute Karnataka Bengaluru Indian Institute of Forest Management Madhya Pradesh Bhopal GV, Pant Himalayan Environment and Development Uttarakhand ‘Almoda Institute ‘Tropical Botanic Gardens and Research Institute Kerala “Thiravananthapuram Forest Research Institute Uttarakhand Dehradun ‘Arid Forest Research Institute Rajsthan Jodhpur Institute of Wood Science and Technology Karnataka, Bengalura Rain Forest Research Institute ‘Assam. Jorhat Institute of Forest Genetics and Tree Breeding Tamilnadu Coimbatore Center of Social Forestry and Eco Rehabilitation Uttar Pradesh Prayagraj Himalayan Forest Research Institute Himachal Pradesh Shimla ‘Advanced Center for Biotechnology and Mangrove Forests Telangana Hyderabad ‘Tropical Forestry Research Institute Madhya Pradesh Jabalpur Cetra eee) ‘ropophyte Forest and grass vegetation inthe tropical area, Hydrophyte ‘Vegetation that graw on the surface af water Hygrophyte Vegetation found in areas with high humidity ‘Xerophyte ‘Vegetation found in tropical desert areas Mesophyte Temperate zonal Taiga Vegetation. ‘Cryophy Frigid Zone tundra vegetation, such as lichen, moss Halophyte Salty soil vegetation such as mangroves. Litho, “The vegetation growing on hard rocks Pyrophyte Fire resistant plants acteristics of major terrestr [Biomes Vegetations, ‘Geographical Characteristics Tundra “Treeless, mainly moss and lichen] Two seasons ina year, snow covered deserts, winters are and some grasses and shrubs are | very cold and icy, in summer seascn snow melts and floods, found. faccur, permanent snow accumulates up to a depth of 3 meters under the ground. | Location - Far north and far south towards polar glaciers. | Average temperature» 10°C, | Rainfall 25 cm / year, Snowfall - 10-20 .em / year Taiga / Boreal ‘Trees 5 t 10 m tall, Boreal forest, | Long winters, 2-3 months of summer, heavy rains and show coniferous tree-pine, spruce, | inhumid months, coniferous forests. swamp, plant-fern and moss | Location Far North and Far South Latitude ‘Temperate foliage | A complex layer of vegetation, | 4 seasons, rainfall 80-140 cm / year deciduous trees drop their leaves. Savannah Grasses, shrubs, small trees, even) vines | Dry rainfall 90-150 cm / year Location - From tropical to subtropical, three seasons [Temperate Grasses “Temperate and subarctic grasslands (Prairie and Steppe in grassland the far north and Pampas grasslands in the far south) Rainfall - 25-70 cm / year Desert Nagfani, small thomy shrubs | Extremely dry - rainfall less than 25 cm / year, mainly in the ionic region, but also in some temperate zones. [Tropical rainforests [Large trees, broad-leaved [Extremely humid, heavy rainfall, Jack of nutrients in the soi,YOUU stuay For civit Services SCSGYAN “o" Bil @studyforcivitservices ‘evergreen trees, do not get “Stable temperature throughout the year, sunlight on the surface so surface | Location - between equatorial, Cancer and Capricorn lines vegetation is less. But vines are found in sufficient quantity. The trees are up to 30-40 meters high: Mangrove Vegetation Sites in India States and Us Vegetation Site “Andhra Pradesh Fast Godavari, Krishna, Koringa Tamil Nadu Muthupet, Ramanand, Pulicat, Kaju Velly, Pichavaram “Andaman and Nicobar | North Andaman and Nicobar Kerala Kannur (North Kerala), Vembanad Goa Goa. Maharashtra Vijaydurg, Velndur, Bikrauli Srivardhana, Mumba Devi, Malavan, Basal Manon, Achara Ratnagiri, Devgath, Veldur, Vikroli,Vaitarna, Malvan Gujarat Gulf of Cambay, Gulfof Kutch ‘Karnataka Dakshina Kannada, Flonnavar, Karwar, Mangalore Forest Division, Kandapur ‘West Bengal Sundarhans ‘Odisha Subarnrekha, Dhamra, Mangrove Genetic Resource Centre, Ohilikta Bhitarkanika, Mahanadi, DevieKadua [one Zones Extent Features ‘Assam Zone Brahmaputra and Surma | Ithas evergreen forest, dense forest and clumps oflong grass in vall between. Indus Plain Zone | Plains of Punjab, Western | This region is dry and hot In this, theory forest and shrubs are Rajasthan and North Gujarat | found, Malabar Zone Peninsular coast “Apart from dense forests, commercial crops are grown such as: coconut, areca nut, black pepper, coffee, rubber and cashew nuts. ‘Andaman Zone | Andaman Islands Tthas an abundance of evergreen, semi-evergreen, mangrove, coastal and upland forests. Western From Kashmir to Kamaon | Tropical Zone: pine, cedar, coniferous trees and broad leaf temperate Himalayan Zone trees are found. Alpine Zone (occurs above the tree-line and below the snow-line on ‘Study For Civil Services | temperate and tropical mountains): White cedar, white bho| tree and Gyan evergreen trees Eastern Darjeeling before Sikkim | Temperate zone: Oak, nutmeg, maple, evergreen trees with large Himalayan Zone flowers and small cane forests are found. Gangetic plains | Alluvial plain Cultivation of wheat, rice and sugarcane is carried out inthis region. Deccan region | Indian Peninsula Composite | Deciduous trees and a variety of wild shrubs are found inthis Land region, Biome Tropical biome | Nearthe equator | High temperature and |Laterite soil,low | Maximum biodiversity, annual average rainfall | nutrient and fertility | Orchids, ferns and plant above 200 cm reptiles, amphibians, throughout the year monkeys and other small mammals are found. Monsoon forest _[Inmidlatitades | Clear difference Nutrientrich soll [Hard wood trees such as oak, biome between summer and neem, rosewood etc. Wolf, winter seasons and 75 bear, amphibian, snake, bird to 125 cm. Average and insect are found. annual rainfall, RNSYouUMWD stuay ror civil services SCSGYAN “w'Ihdj @studyforcivilservices Desertbiome |Inthewestera | Extremely hot days and | Enriched with Cactus, tufted grass, thorny parts ofthe cold nights,average | mineral elements, | shrubs and some trees. continents mid | annual rainfall less than | deficiency of Lizards, camels, snakes, fox lattitudes (15-35) _| 10 em. decomposers in soil_| ete. Grasssite biome [In the middle Both cold and hot and | High nutrient Mostly vegetative plants, latitudes and average between 25-75 | content in soll small plants and some trees interior of cm (near water), prairie dogs continents species of squirrels (North America), fox, snake, insect, ‘elephant, lion, zebra, giraffe (Africa) ete. Taiga Biome Tn the mid and high | Extremely cold ‘Reidicsoil, lack of | Among trees, spruce, fur, latitudes: weather, humid wet | minerals pine, larch, and other season and 50 em ina ‘evergreen trees are found. year. Rain less Caribou, Bear, Rodents, Wolf, Reindeer, Mick etc are found, Tundra biome | Between 60°90" [Long cold dimate with | Low nutritionlevel, [Pipes of grass, moss, lichen, latitudes harsh cold, shortand | continuous snowy | etc.and migratory caribou, cold summers. surface arctic fox, owl, rodents etc Coos cr a Jangal Bachao Movement ‘This movement was started in the 1980s in Singhbhum district (present Jharkhand) of undivided Bikar, Study For Civil Services - Gyan ___Jangal Bachao Andolan is also called ~ A Greed Game Political Populism, ‘Appiko Movement ‘Appiko movement is a word in Kannada language that means to hug/embrace. Appiko ‘movement in South India was started in Karnataka in 1983 deriving inspiration of Chipko ‘movernent in North India. Key leader» Panduranga Hegde Baliapal Movement “This movement was started in the year 1966 against the establishment of National Testing Range by the government in Balliapal and Bhogarai villages (district Baleshwar) located in ‘the northern part of Odisha and in the coastal region of Ray of Bengal Narmada Bachao Movement This movement was launched in protest against the anticipated consequences of the 1985 Sardar Sarovar Multipurpose Dam Project being built on the Narmada River. “This project is ajoint project of Madhya Pradesh, Gutarat and Maharashtra, ‘Tehri Movement “The movement started in the 1990s with the aim of stopping the construction of the then under construction Tehri dam on the Bhagirathi river near Tehri in Uttarakhand. Study For CivilServices- Gyan To conduct this movement, the freedom fighter Virendra Dutt Sakalani established the ‘Tehri Bandh Virodhi Sangharsh Samiti. Maiti Movement 1994 Started in the Chamoli district of Uttarakhand under the leadership of Kalyan Singh Rawat, this movement has gained worldwide fame including various regions of India, In the year 1994, Kalyan Singh Rawat started the tradition of planting a sappling in the girl's home (Maiti) by the groom in place of the shoe theft customs in marriage, which has become a ‘widespread practice even today in Uttarakhand, ‘This idea spread as a revolution in countries like Canada, Norway, America, Austria, China etc. where such traditions have been started, Bishnoi Movement and Khejarli_Bishnoi movement was started in Rajasthan 500 years ago by Sant Jambho Movement Khejarali movement was started in the year 1731, on the orders of Ajit Singh (King), ‘Amrita devi Bishnoi and her three daughters opposed cutting of Khejari trees in Khejarli village by hugging the trees . But Ajit Singh had slaughtered 363 people along who ‘embraced the trees which were being cut, Chipko Movement ‘This movement was started from Chamoli district of the undivided Uttar Pradesh in the year 1970 (by the people to prevent deforestation) ‘The leaders of the Chipko movement were Sundarlal Bahuguna, Gaura Devi, Chandi Prasad Bhatt. Silent Valley Movement ‘This movement started in 1973 to protect the evergreen tropical forests of Palakkad district of KeralaYoUUMWD sway For civil services SCSGYAN “ow'falj @studyforcivilservices ‘Famous Environmentalists From India Jadav Payeng ‘Also known as the forest man of India’ Jadav Payeng comes from the state of Assam. (infinity, nd) His contribution as an environmentalist entails creating a 550 hectare long man-made forestall by himself Salim Alh ‘Also known as the ‘Birdman of India Ali was a naturalist and ornithologist, His contribution as an environmentalist encompassed conducting systematic surveys of birds in India, Ilis autobiography, Fall of a sparrow’ has received wide acclaim and has been recommended to all individuals who consider themselves to he nature enthusiasts, Rajendra Singh ‘Also known as the ‘waterman of India, Rajendra Singh has worked towards the goal of efficient Ls [water management and harvesting, a 4 Medha Patkar ‘Medha Patkar is one of the most famous environmentalists in India since she initiated the ‘Narmada Bachao Aandolan’ and her work has played an instrumental role in changing the Indian environmental processes. Kinki Devi Kinkri Devi is a famous activist and environmentalist of India who waged a war on the legal quarrying and mining in the state of Himachal Pradesh. Her notable contributions to the Indian environment led her to win the Stree Shakti award in 1999 and attend the International Women’s Conference in Bejing. ™M. C. Mehta played a Key role in curbing the industrial pollution which was polluting the Ganges and corroding the Taj Mahal. He was given the tile of ‘Green Advocate’ when he signed a Public Interest | Litigation in 1984 that mandated the introduction of the discipline of environmental studies at the undergraduate level. ‘Swaminathan | Known as the ‘Father of India’s Green Revolution; Swaminathan worked on agricultural research and plant genetics His work led to the production of a highstechnclogy invention in the wheat crops which paved the way for the Indian Green Revalution, Ravindra Kumar Sinha | Ravindra Kumar Sinha is a Padma Shri awarded Indian biologist and environmentalist He Is a pioneer researcher and wildlife conservationist, famous for his efforts for the conservation of Gangetic Dolphins, he is popularly known as the “Dolphin Man of India". Mehta Professor Ramdev | He was an environmentalist and botanist of India He is Father of Indian ecology. Mishra ‘Norman Borlaug ‘Norman Ermest Borlaug was an American agronomist who led initiatives worldwide that contributed to the extensive increases in agricultural production termed the Green Revolution, Borlaug was | often called “the father of the Green Revolution’ Kailash Sankhala Kailash Sankhala was an Indian biologist and conservationist, Sankhala was the frst Director of Project Tiger, a conservation programme set up in India in 1973, He was well known as “The Tiger ‘Man of India", He was awarded the Padma Shri in 1992 and Rajasthan Ratan in 2013. ‘Environment Related Awards Right Livelihood Award This award is given by the Right Livelihood Saciety (London) for meritorious contribution in the field of envizonmental and social justice, The Goldman Environmental | This award is given by Goldman Foundation (USA) ince 1989 Tor notable contribution in Prize environmental protection. "Global 500 Awards “The Global 500 Award is given by the United Nations Environment Program for outstanding contributions in the field of environmental conservation and restoration. The Golden Panda Award | The Golden Panda Award is given by the International Wildlife Film, ‘The documentary film Vanishing Giants is based on wildlife ‘The Golden Panda Award is known as the Green Oscar. GD. Birla international “GD Birla International Award is given by Birla Foundation for conservation of environment and Award | indian culture in rural areas. Indira GandBi Paryavaran | Indira Gandhi Paryavaran Puraskar is given every year to an organization or person who has Puraskar ‘made a significant contribution in the field of environmental conservation. ‘This award was started inthe year 1987, Mahavriksha Puraskar The Mahavriksha Puraskar was started in 1993-1994 by the National Board for Afforestation and Kcology Development. The international Dr. Jagdish Shukla, an Indian-origin professor at George Mason University, USA, was presented | Meteorological Organization | the 52nd IMO Prize in Washington DC in April 2008. Prize ‘This is the highest award related to meteorology given by the World Meteorological | Organization, an agency ofthe United Nations. Rajiv Gandhi Wildlife ‘Rajiv Gandhi Wildlife Conservation Award is the country's best award for wildlife conservation. Conservation Award [[Sasakawa Award [The Sasakawa Prize given by the United Nations Fnvironment Program (UNEP) is awarded toYouUMWD stay For civit Services SCSGYAN “Baal @studyforcivitservices individuals and organizations who made international contributions inthe field of | environmental management and conservation. This award was given in 1994 to MS, x Swaminathan was awarded. a 4 ‘Amrita Devi Bishnoi Wildlife | Amrita Devi Bishnoi Award is given to people who display courage and for their exemplary Protection Award Contribution towards conservation of wildlife, Ist World Agriculture Prize] Vice President Venkaiah Naidu ata function held in New Delhi on 26 October 2018 M/s ‘Swaminathan was awarded the 1st World Agriculture Prize. The World Agriculture Award was instituted by the Food and Agriculture Couneil af India Erne nd ‘Grove State Grove ‘State Sacred Forest ‘Andhra Pradesh | ZohraThakurama Odisha Sarna Bihar Kovil Kadu Puducherry Gumpa Van ‘Arunachal ‘Swami Shola, Kalkadu "Tamil Nadu Pradesh Devaraya, Panna Goa ‘Garamthan, Harithan West Bengal Sarna Jharkhand ‘Orance, Venice Shamlat Deh Rajasthan Cancris Devarai, Devgudi Maharashtra [Ki La Lyngdoh, LockingTangs | Meghalaya ‘Gumkhap, Mokak | Manipur. Kaous Sarakabur Kerala Devara Karnataka Shiffin Himachal Pradesh i (CSEYoUUMWD sway For civil services SCSGYAN “ow'falj @studyforcivilservices oe United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) - | World Watch Institue - Foundation - 1972 Foundation - 1974 Headquarters ~ Nairobi (Kenya) Headquarter - Washington, D.C ‘This organization releases a report called State of ‘World which is published for 40 global partnership countries in about 3 dozen languages. Tnternational Union for Conservation of Nature - | GREENPEACE — Foundation- October, 1948, Foundation - 1971 Headquarter ~ Gland, Switzerland Headquarter Amsterdam (Netherlands) Convention on International Trade in Endangered | Wetlands International - Species of Wild Flora and Fauna — Foundation - 1995 Foundation - 1973 Headquarter ~ Wageningen (Netherlands) Headquarter Geneva (Switzerland) It is also known as the Washington Convention. Convention on the Conservation of Migratory Species | Rotterdam Convention — of Wild Animals - CMS Foundation - 1998 Foundation - 1979 Headquarter Rotterdam (Netherlands) Headquarter Bonn (Germany) ‘World Wide Fund for Nature: WWF- Basal Convention — Foundation - 1961 Foundation - 1989 Headquarter Gland (Switzerland) Headquarter ~ Basal (Switzerland) Goal Sentence - For a Living Planet Bird Life International - “Stockholm Convention = Foundation ~ 1922 Foundation ~ 2001 Headquarter Cambridge (U.K) Headquarter = Stockholm (Sweden) "TRAFFIC - The Wildlife Trade Monitoring Network Foundation - 1976 Headquarter - Cambridge (UK) Law associated to National Forest Policy, 1988, Prevention of Cruelty to Animals Act, 1960, ‘Conservation Strategy and Policy Statement 1992 Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 ‘National Environmental Action Plan, 1994 ‘Biodiversity Act, 2002, ‘Wildlife Conservation Policy, 2002 Food Safety and Standards Act, 2006 National Environment Policy, 2006 ‘National Green Tritunal Act, 2010 Wildlife Protection Act, 1972 ‘+ The Wildlife Protection Act of India, 1972 was passed by the Government of India in 1972 with the objective of curbing the illegal poaching of wildlife and the trade of its bones and skins. ‘+ Ithas been amended in the year 2003 and was renamed as Indian Wildlife Protection (Amendment) Act 2002 under which it provides for stringent punishment and penalty ‘+ Before 1972, India had only five designated national parks. Besides other reforms, the Act establishes schedules of protected plant and animal species and makes the slaughtering and hunting of these species largely illegal. ‘+ This Act provides protection to wild animals, birds and plants Ithas.a total of 6 schedules which provide protection to wildlife in different ways. ‘+ Schedule-t and Schedule-2 - Under ths, full protection has been provided to wildlife. There is a provision of ‘minimum 3 years imprisonment and minimum fine of Rs 10 thousand for violating this rule ‘+ Schedule-3 and Schedule-4 - There isa provision for lesser punishment for harming wildlife. ‘+ Schedule-S -"The organisms placed in this are called Vermin (Rat, Squirrel, Crow, Flying Fox etc), They can be hunted, ‘+ Schedules6 + There isa ban on cultivation and growing of plants placed in this schedule,YouUMWD stuay ror civil services SCSGYAN “w'Ihdj @studyforcivilservices Wild Life Protection and other Legislation on Environment and Ecology in India ‘The wildlife category includes all those animals that are non-domesticated, Several rules, laws have been made for wildlife protection and safety which are as follows: > The Madras Wild Elephant Preservation Act, 1873 > Air Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act 1981 > Wild Bird Protection, 1887 > Easement Act 1882 > Bengal Rhinoceros Preservation Act, 1932 Assam Rhinoceros Preservation Act, 1954 > Central Board on Wildlife, 1952 > Wildlife Protection Act, 1972 > Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Cess Act 1977, > All India Elephant Preservation Act, 1979 > Forest Rights Act 2006 Van Mahotsay > In 1950, Agriculture Minister KM. Munshi started the movement of planting more trees, which was named "Van Mahotsav’ > Van Mahotsav program is celebrated every year from 1 July to7 July. > The goal ofthis festival isto increase the area of forests planted by humans and cultivate the habit of planting tees in public, National Forest Policy ‘+ Before independence, in 1855, the Forestry Charter of India was announced on the recommendation of Dr. Cleland, Forest Superintendent of Fegu. ‘+ In April, 1864, Dietrich Brandis was appointed as the first inspector general of India. In India, he is called the “father of Indian forestry’, ‘Inthe Comprehensive Forest Act passed in 1878, forests are divided into three categories: reserved forest, protected forest, rural forest, ‘+ India's frst forest policy was formulated in 1894 on the recommendation of Dr. Volker. ‘+ The first National Forest Policy of independent India was prepared en 12 May 1952, ‘© On February 7, 2003, a notification forthe formation of the National Farest Commission was issued. New National Forest Policy of 1988, > Social forestry program was started under this forest protection policy. > Providing timber, fuel, fodder and food ete, to the rural tribes dependent on forests by increasing the productivity of forests. > To conserve the natural heritage, biodiversity and gene pool ofthe country. > Maintaining forest cover in one-third of the entire geographical area of the country. National Wild Life Board | The National Wildlife Board is a statutory organization constituted under the "Wildlife Conservation Act, 1972", which formulates policy for conservation of wildlife in the country, and advises the Central Government on related matters. ‘This board is headed by the Prime Minister of India. The board consists of 47 members, Vice chairperson of this organization is Minister of Environment of the country. Wildlife Crime Control Bureau | To prevent organized crimes related to wildlife i India, has been created under the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change. Headquarters - New Delhi, and 5 regional offices which are located in Delhi, Kelkata, Mumbai, Chennai and Jabalpur. ‘Animal Welfare Board india | This board was established in the year 1962 under the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals Act, 1960 to ensure the implementation of laws related to animal welfare,YoUUMWD sway For civil services SCSGYAN “ow'falj @studyforcivilservices Ttis headquartered in Chennai. Smt. Rukmini Arundel was its founder and remained the director of the board for 25 years. Botanical Survey of india and_| Botanical Survey of India is an institution established in the year 1690 by the Government of The Zoological Survey of india | India with the objective of identifying the plant resources of the country. The Zoological Survey of India was established in the year 1916 to survey, locate and to conduct research on animals. The headquarters of both the institutions are located in Kolkata and both also have several regional centers Who gave the concept of ecological pyramid? Charles Elton ‘The shorter the food chain, the... Will be available energy More Photosynthesis oecurs highest at = 30 degree calcu “Mangrove forest (tial forest) evergreen Torest and deciduous forest a combination ofall | In Andaman and Nicobar Islands three is found in India = Targestarea of ll type of forests inndia= "Tropical Dry Deciduous forests Tn view ofthe rapid pace of agricultural expansion in grasslands, this biome lscalled= | Store ofthe future The ail spread on the water surface is called Oi sie Red data book for Indian plants is published in= Botanical Survey of india The duration of the Third National Wildlife Action Pan is= From 2017 to 2031 The National Wildlife Action Plan was released for te frst ame n= in 1982 Taalira GandBi Wilife Sanctuary and National Pari is known as Trop slip Nilgii Biosphere Reserve comprises of two national parks T Bandipur National Park and Nagarhole National Park Todas Targest national park Tlemis National Park Leh (Ladakb) Tadia's smallest national park Scuth Button National Fark (Andaman Island) in Kutch (Gujarat) The Oceanic National Park of India islocated at ‘Most number of National Parks (11) ina state = In Madhya Pradesh The first global summit on social development (by UNESCO] in March 1985 washeldin | Copenhagen’ The Green Index developed by the World Bank has three components - Property, Natural Resources and Human Resources decreases; Tn the Economie Survey Surface albedo due to urbanization = For the first time a new chapter on "Sustainable De Topment and Climate hange” was added by the Ministry of Finance, Government of India ~ published in the year 2011-12 World's first save tiger conference was held in November 2010 at~ St, Pittsburgh, Russia ‘Ganga Flood Control Commission was established in 1978 by Patna, the capital of Bihar. ‘National Water Development Agency was established in — 1980, Delhi The part of Jatropha from which biofuel is obtained is- Seeds Endosulfan is an ~ Insecticide Bat is called - Radar of Nature ‘Dachigam National Park is Tocated in Srinagar (Jammu and Kashmir). Its famous for - ‘Kashmiri Deer (Hangul] ‘Vikramshila Park is located in Bhagalpur, Bihar which is famous for — River dolphins” [Kelameru Bird Sanctuary is located in Andhra Pradesh which is famous for — [Pelican and Sea Birds he Ramsar Convention Wetlands was signed on 2 February 1971 in Ramsar, a city on the shores of the Capsian Sea, Iran, That's why itis called Ramsar Treaty, itis also called Wetland Com 1975. Its formal name is ~ Treaty on wetlands of international importance, especially as water bird habitats. ention, It came into force It isan intergovernmental treaty that guides the coordination of the conservation and proper use of wetlands, covering 4.7% of the total land area in India India signed this treaty in 1982, The Union Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate-Enforcement has been declared as the nodal ministry for the matters of conservation of wetlands in India Targest Ramsar site in India ‘Sundarbans wetland (West Bengal] ‘Smallest Ramsar site in India Renuka wetland (Himachal Pradesh) Highest number of Ramsar sites in which state in India | Uttar Pradesh (Total 10 ) (6 Ramsar Sites in Punjab, 1 Ramsar site in Uttarakhand, 1 Ramsar site in Bihar a |SYoull: SCSGYAN all Worthernmost Ramsar site India ‘Walar Lake Easternmost Ramsar site in India Loktak Lake ‘Westernmost Ramsar site in India Nal Sarovar Hird Sanctua Southernmost Ramsar site in India ‘Ashtamudi Lake The world’s first Site was the Cobourg Peninsula in Australia, designated in 197% Bolivia has the largest area under Ramsar protection. The number of parties to the convention (COP) is171 (as of October 2021). List of Total 49 RAMSAR WETLANDS SITES IN INDIA, 1__ Asan Conservation Reserve Pret FIRE cers 2__ | Asthamudi Wetland Kerala 198.2002, a 3 _[ Beas Conservation Reserve Punjab 265.2019 4.2089 “4 _[ Bhitarkanika Mangroves Orissa 19:8.2002 650 'S__[ Bho} Wetlands Madhya Pradesh 198,202, 2.01, 6 | Chandertal Wetland Himachal Pradesh _[8.11.2005 49 7 [chil Lake Orissa 17.10.1981 i168 @_[Deepor Bee! ‘Assam 15,9.2002 ho ‘9 [ast Kolkata Wetlands ‘West Bengal 15,8.2002, lias 10_[Harike Lake Punjab 73.3.1990 i 11_|Hokera Wetland jammuand Kashmir 18.11.2005 iia75 eT) fin Ren Ean) 13 | Kanjli Lake Punjab 224.2002 [1.83 14 |Keoladeo Ghana NP Rajasthan 110.1981 28.73 15 | Keshopur-Miani Community Reserve Punjab 269.2019 439) 16 [Kolleru Lake ‘Andhra Pradesh 01 17 [Loktak Manipur 66 Coen 19 | Nalsarovar Bird Sanctuay Gujarat 24,09,2012 20 20 [Nandur Madhameshwar Maharashtra 21,6,2019 (4.37 21 | Nangal Wildlife Sanctua Punjab ih16 rrr retry Ere eTITY Parvati Arga Bird Sanctuary Uttar Pradesh Preriie) 24 | Point Calimere Wildlife and Bird Sanctuary. Tamil Nadu, 15.8.2002 a5 25 [Pong Dam Lake Himachal Pradesh | 15,0,2002 his662 26 | Renuka Wetland Himachal Pradesh | 811.2005 2 27 [Ropar Lake Panjab 221.2002 113.65 28 | Rudrasagar Lake Tripura 11.2005 4 OT re teeny [rests Par erat) ay et ete eet perc) 79.94 ‘Sambhar Lake Rajasthan 23.38.1990 40 Priory Creare PTO Sere roy eerie) 34_ | Sasthamkotta Lake Kerala 19.8.2002, B73 35 | Sunderbans Wetland West Bengal 30.1.2019 230 36 |Surinsar-Mansar Lakes fammu and Kashmis 18.11.2005 s Sur Sarovar (41+) rege FRET) ‘Tso Kar Wetland Complex ferns 171.2020 Decne et eee ee ery Ere “41 | Vembanad Kol Wetland Kerala 1934,2002 hsi25, 42 [Walar Lake Jammu Kashmir 123.1990 he 43 [Bhindawas Wide Sancwary Haryana ‘August 2027 12 “4 Sultanpur National park Haryana August 2021 h.a25 45-_[Thor Lake Wildlife Sanctuar Gujarat [angust 2021 39 [REMAP EEYOuUMD stuay ror civit services SCSGYAN “w'Ihdj @studyforcivilservices 6 [Wadhvana Wetland Gujarat “August 2021 E30 CORE ere Tren erry EXerToT {| Khijadia Wildlife Sanctuary. 02.02.2022 = Oe ory Creer retry Er List of Total 10 Ramsar Sites in Uttar Pradesh Halderpur Wetland ‘About 10 kms from 812.207 62.08 Biinor Z Nawabgany Bird Unnao TaS20T9 aa Sanctuary x Parvati Arg Bid Ganda Tiz2019 7H Sanctuary | Saman Bird Sancwaary Mainpuri Ziz2019 SIGE & | Samaspur Bird Sanctuary | Rae Brel HIO2019 759% & | Sandi Bird Sanctuary Hardt FESO 308s 7__ [Sasa Nawar Teel Tawah TSAO 163 3 [An Areal / Manmade Tae TiaaOT aT Reservoir- Sur Sarevar (Keetham Jheel) 9. Upper Ganga River ‘Bulandshahr 811.2005 265.9 (Grighat to Narora Suetch) TO, | Bakhira Wiaife Sant Kabir Nagar TENaIOE 25.00 Sanctuary India's 40th World Heritage Site ‘+ Dholavira, the Harappan City in the Rann of Kutch, Gujarat inscribed on UNESCO's World Heritage List on 27 July, 2021. ‘+ India submitted the nomination dossier for Dholavira: A Harappan City to the World Heritage Centre in January, 2020, The site was on the UNESCO's tentative list since 2014, Dholavira: a Harappan city, is one of the very few well preserved urban settlements in South Asia dating from the 3rd to mid-2nd millennium BCI India’s 39th World Heritage Site ‘+ Rudreswara Temple (Ramappa Temple) at Palampet, Warangal, Telangana inscribed on UNESCO's World Heritage List on 25 July 2021, Rudreswara Temple (Ramappa Temple ‘In yet another landmark achievement, India's nomination of Rudreswara Temple, (also known as the Ramappa Temple) at Palampet, Mulugu district, near Warangal in the state of Telangana has been inscribed on UNESCO's World Heritage list. The decision was taken at the 44th session of the World Heritage Committee of UNESCO on 25 july, 2021. Ramappa temple, a 13th century engineering marvel named after its architect, Ramappa, was proposed by the government as its only nomination for the UNESCO World Heritage site tag for the year 2019.YoUUMWD sway For civil services SCSGYAN “ow'falj @studyforcivilservices CULTURAL SITES: Under Protection of Archaeological Survey of India (22) SNo. Name of Site State 1 ‘Agra Fort Uttar Pradesh 2 | Ajanta Caves Maharashtra 3 Bllora Caves Waharashira 4 | Taj Mahal Uttar Pradesh 5 Group of Monuments at Mahabalipuram Tamil Nadu 6 Sun Temple, Konark Odisha 7 Churches and Convents of Goa Goa B Fatehpur Sikri Uttar Pradesh 3 Group of Monuments at Hampi Karnataka 10. | Khajuraho, Group of Temples Madhya Pradesh 11. | Elephanta Caves Maharashtra 12. | Great Living Chola Temples at Thanjavur, Gangaikondacholapuram Tamil Nadu and Darasuram 13. | Group of Monuments at Pattadakal Kamataka Ta. | Buddhist Monuments at Sancht Madhya Pradesh 1S. | Humayun’s Tomb, Delhi Delhi 16. | QutbMinar and its Monuments, Delhi Delhi 17. | Rock Shelters of Bhimbetka Madhya Pradesh 18. | Champaner-Pavagarh Archaeological Park Gujarat 19. | Red Fort Complex, Delhi Delhi 20. | Hill Forts of Rajasthan Rajasthan ‘+ Kumbhalgarh, Jaisalmer and Ranthambhore, Amber and Gagron Forts) (2013) (Amber and Gagron Forts are under protection of Rajasthan State Archaeology and Museums) 2L | Rani-Ki-Vav (The Queen’s Stepwell) at Patan Gujarat 22, | Archaeological Site of NalandaMahavikara{Nalanda University) at | Bihar Nalanda "Under Protection of Ministry of Railways (2) 23, Mountain Railways of India Darjeeling , Nigiri, Kalka-Shimla West Bengal, Tamil Nadu, Himachal Pradesh 2, ChhatrapatiShivaji Terminus (formerly Victoria Terminus) Maharashtra Under Protection of Bodhgaya Temple Management Committee (1) 2 Mahabodhi Temple Complex at Bodh Gaya ‘Bihar study for civil services - GYAN Call / whatsapp 8564880530 /YoUUMWD sway For civil services SCSGYAN “o" Bil @studyforcivitservices [POR 6UR0E5 7 TORBESTGTEY "Under Protection of Rajasthan State Archaeology and Museums (1) 26. | The jantarMantar, Jaipur Rajasthan Under Protection of Chandigarh Administration (1) 27.) The Architectaral Work of Le Corbusier, an Outstanding Contribution to the ] Chandigarh Modern Movement "— Under Protection of Ahmedabad Municipal Corporation (1) r 28. | Historic Gity of Ahmedabad (2017) Gujarat Under Protection of Bombay Municipal Corporation (1) 29. | Victorian and Art Deco Ensemble of Mumbai Govt of Maharashtra Under Protection of Jaipur Municipal Corporation (1) 30. Jaipur Gity, Rajasthan Govt of Rajasthan NATURAL SITES: (7) Under Protection of istry of Environment, Forest and Climate Changes 31, | Kaziranga National Park ‘Assam 32, | Keoladeo National Park Rajasthan 33. | Manas Wildlife Sanctuary Assam 34, | Sunderbans National Park West Bengal 35, | Nanda Devi and Valley of Flowers National Parks Uttarakhand 36. | Western Ghats Karnataka, Kerala, Maharashtra,Tamil Nadu 37 | Great Himalayan National Park Himachal Pradesh MIXED SITE: (1) Under Protection of Ministry of Environment, Forestand Climate Changes 38, [ Khangchendzonga National Park Sikkim 39.__ | Rudreswara Temple (Ramappa Temple) (25 July 2021) Palampet Warangal, Telangana] Kutch, Gujarat (27 July, 2021), 40.__ [India’s nomination of Dholavira, the Harappan City in the Rann of Gujarat ¥ Foundation for Environment Education in Denmark (FEE) which accords the globally recognized eco-label - Blue Flag certification. EM pa Shivrajpur Gujarat Ghoghla Diu Kasarkod and Padubldri Karnataka Kappad Kerala Rushikonda ‘Andhra Pradesh Golden Odisha Radhanagar ‘Andaman and Nicobar Kovalam ‘Tamil Nadu Eden Puducherry RNS S|YoUUMWD sway For civil services SCSGYAN “ow'falj @studyforcivilservices Standard ‘Name Year Field Bharat Stage] Furo-T 2007-2002 ‘At National Level | Bharat Stage-T Furo-2 2003-2004 National Capital Region and 13 Cities 2004-2005 AtNational Level Bharat Stage-I Euros 2004-2005 National Capital Region and 13 Cities 2010 AtNational Level Bharat Stage-IV Furot 2012 ‘At National Level Bharat Stage-V Euro-5 2017 ‘At National Level Bharat Stage-Vi Euro-6 1 Apri, 2020) ‘At National Level National Environmental Engincering Research Institute (NEERI ‘Central Avian Research Institute TTargest museum in India Targest fish aquarium in Tad Largest Zoo in india Largest bird park in India Largest Zoo in the World ‘World's largest zoological park Berlin, Germany ‘Nagpur, Maharashtra Tzzatnagar, Barrell Chennai, Tamil Nadu ‘Mumbai Maharashtra Alipar, Kolkata ‘Bharatpur, Rajasthan Kruger National Park Gas Source [Effect Carbon dioxide ‘Combustion of fue or energy production (gasoline, | Increase In car's temperature coal, wood) Carbon monoxide Incomplete combustion of fuel in energy production | Respiratory (breathing) Problems Sulphur Dione Combustible els ‘Acid Kai Nitrogen Oxide Burning of fuel in furnaces Increase Temperature and respiratory disease ‘Ozone Hydrocarbons and Nivogen Oxides Gobal warming and damage to respiratory system Methane Natural gas, Landis and waste, Liestock farming, Goal | Increase in earth’ temperature miningand paddy field {global warming) ‘Chlorafluorocarbons | Refrigeration equipments ‘Ozone depletion ‘Other Hydrocarbons Emissions from industrial activities Increase Temperature, Burning Eye Fiy Ash ‘Coal based thermal power plant ‘Asthanna and ImmmunoTogica reactions Union List ‘Nuclear Ener; [Mineral Resources Defence International Affairs ‘International transport Shipping Major Ports State List ‘Concurrent List, Public Health Forest Cleanliness wildlife Hospital Family Wellness ‘Agriculeure Food and Commodities Invigation ‘Archaeological Site Drainage I Cremation and Burial