UNIVERSITY OF CEBU-BANILAD

COLLEGE OF MEDICAL TECHNOLOGY

(Medical Laboratory Science)
Analytical Chemistry Laboratory

EXPERIMENT No. 11
DOUBLE TITRATION METHOD USING Na2CO3 and NaHCO3

Name: Date started: Inst. Initial:

Group #: Date finished: Inst. Initial:

I. Objectives:
At the end of laboratory period, the students are expected to:
1. Determine the Retention factor (Rf) of the analyte
2. To identify components of inks by calculating Rf values
3. To obtain a paper chromatogram of black ink
4. To use paper chromatography to identify whether certain colored inks are pure
substances or mixtures
5. Understand the component of black ink

II. Apparatus/Materials used (provide the apparatus needed with the corresponding quantity):
• 1 chromatography paper / filter paper (white paper towel can be used as a substitute)
• Polar solvents (distilled water and rubbing alcohol)
• 1 ruler
• 1 pencil
• 1 black ink pen / marker
• 1 cup (clear, plastic cup)
• 1 tape

Chemicals: (list down the chemicals needed with their respective concentrations)
• Rubbing alcohol

III. Procedures:
1. Preparing chromatography paper: Cut the filter paper 2 cm by 15 cm. Then, measure 4 cm
from one end and draw a line using a pencil and also a midline dividing the 4 cm line you
just drew (as shown in the picture below). This is the baseline. It’s important to use pencil
because lead will not dissolve in water, preventing experimental error in chemical
separation.
2. Using black ink pen or marker, draw a small dot at the cross section of two lines you
have drawn previously.
3. Preparing Solvent: Mix equal amounts of water and rubbing alcohol in the cup (height ~ 2

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 UNIVERSITY OF CEBU-BANILAD
COLLEGE OF MEDICAL TECHNOLOGY
(Medical Laboratory Science)
Analytical Chemistry Laboratory

cm). Rubbing alcohol by itself is also fine. Make sure the height of the solvent is less than
4cm. (You don’t need large amounts of solvent, just a little bit as depicted in the picture
below)
4. Place the chromatography paper inside the cup and make sure that the solvent Does Not
reach where the ink is (there should be a gap between ink and solvent). Also, make sure
that the chromatography paper doesn’t touch the bottom of the cup. Tape the other
end of chromatography paper to a pencil and place it on the cup.
5. Wait for about 15 minute. Then, take out the chromatography paper.

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 UNIVERSITY OF CEBU-BANILAD
COLLEGE OF MEDICAL TECHNOLOGY
(Medical Laboratory Science)
Analytical Chemistry Laboratory

IV. Data: Paper Chromatography

Ink Color Distance Travel by Solvent Front Retention Factor

Spot

V. Computations:

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 UNIVERSITY OF CEBU-BANILAD
COLLEGE OF MEDICAL TECHNOLOGY
(Medical Laboratory Science)
Analytical Chemistry Laboratory

VI. Questions:
1. Were you able to see separation of color from the black ink you used? What colors
were in there?

2. Faster travelled pigment is more soluble because?

3. Based on the experimental result, what pigment do you think was more polar?

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