My name is Achanya Christopher, I am studying statistics at the Federal Polytechnic Ile-Oluji

Ondo State and I am currently in my third year. I began my internship at Cocoa Product

(Ile-Oluji) Limited where I occupied the office of the production statistician and I'm currently

an intern at theaisocery which is a blog that gives recent trend about AI modifications and

technologies.

My hobbies are listening to music, watching movies and reading. I love working with data

and am a lover of technology.

ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN COVID-19

INTRODUCTION

According to OREN ETZIONI, CEO of Seattle's Allen Institute for AI (A12) and a university of

Washington Computer Science professor. Etzioni and A12 senior assistant NICOLE

DECARIO have boiled down AI’s role in the current crisis to three intermediate applications.

Firstly, processing large amounts of data to find treatment. Secondly, reducing the spread.

Lastly, Treating Ill patients.

Artificial intelligence in healthcare provides an upper hand undoubtedly over traditional

approaches and clinical decision making approaches.

The goal of Artificial intelligence is to mimic human intelligence through the use of complex

algorithm to improve daily human routine tasks in efficiency, speed and accuracy. From the

above definition you would discover that an Artificial intelligence can achieve this during the

covid-19 pandemic

Efficiency­- Southwest Research Institute (SwRI) has a virtual screening tool called Rhodium

that recently evaluated two million drug compounds in a few days hoping to identify high

probability drugs that may have efficiency against the COVID-19 with minimal adverse side

effects. The use of Artificial intelligence techniques like virtual screening has improved the

efficiency of drugs.

Speed – Rhodium a virtual screening software has discovered more drug compounds with

possible traits of treating the CORONA virus than humans and at a faster rate. When a

traditional approach to drug discovery is used it takes a longer time to come up with a lasting

solution that could help augment this overwhelming moment, but when Artificial intelligence

is involved, it is achieved within a short space of time.

Accuracy- Flusense is an AI based compact device used to predict viral respiratory

outbreaks such as the COVID-19 pandemic, the level of accuracy it achieves is better than

that of humans. When humans are operating with a dataset, because of their involvement in

other activities the possibilities exist that they tend to input a value that is not part of the

research which will affect the output of the research. But when using an Artificial intelligence

algorithm, the machine doesn’t complicate itself with other issues it only faces the given task

and thereby it tends to achieve a higher level of accuracy.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

· Research:

· Drug discovery:

· Consultation:
· Patients flow and tracking

· Diagnosis:

We are going to be looking at some of the ways in which Artificial Intelligence can help in the

fight of Covid-19.

Research: Natural Language processing (NLP) involves training machines to ­analyse a

user question in full sentence than to read the tens of thousand of scholarly articles in the

database and generate an answer. NLP is an algorithm in Artificial intelligence that has

helped researchers by crunching huge amounts of data that would be impossible for humans

to process.

In March the white house published over 45,000 PDF documents on COVID-19 for experts

to look at. Obviously no human can go through the papers in a short space of time, so AI

became the solution, IBM lab in Switzerland built a model called corpus conversion tool that

made it possible for researchers to pick the vital information from the papers and in a few

days there were many researchers already responding to it.

There are over 60,000 scholarly papers which has an incremental value on a daily basis,

related to the new corona virus. Within a short space of time since the outbreak more were
added. These are papers that could help tackle the Covid-19 situation, every scientist

working on discovering a cure must need go through the papers. Even if the scientist did

nothing but reading it would take them years to go through the papers and come up with

something useful but the help of Natural Language Processing (NLP) could change it and

help us get instant overview.

Drug discovery: Artificial intelligence based models such as virtual screening has

revolutionized drug discovery as an approach for coming up with lasting solutions t o reduce

the effects of Covid-19. Virtual screening computationally targeting a specific biomolecule of

a cell either by Structure based (3D structure) or Ligand based structure (e.g DNA, RNA,

protein e.t.c) so as to provide a rapid and cost effective strategy for the discovery of drugs.

Through virtual screening many natural compounds have been screened and it was

discovered that they have antiviral activities including anti-SARS-COV effect.

Also it is very important to note that if traditional methods of drug discovery are engaged it

takes a longer period of time to develop vaccines or antiviral agents against the COVID-19.
 Artificial intelligence has been able to provide us with thousands of antiviral agents in

a short space of time which is impossible for a human to achieve.

Consultation: The major principle adopted by every nation in fighting this virus is social

distancing. Achieving this is somehow difficult as people will need to interact with the

physician and make complaints when they discover any symptoms. The use of Artificial

intelligence robots have helped in reducing communication between people.

AI powered autonomous robots and humanoid robots cloud ginger (aka-1) are used in

hospitals at Wuhan, China. The first is used to assist workers to deliver foods and medicine to

the patients and the later is used to entertain the patients during the quarantine.

The use of Chatbots has greatly reduced physical interactions between humans. Some few

functions of the chatbot is, the conduction of the COVID-19 risk assessment, making of
complaints and in case tracking. So the maintenance of social distancing can be achieved

because of the use of the chatbot.

Patients flow and tracking: Health map is an Artificial intelligence algorithm that

collects online data through the use of machine learning (ML) and natural processing

language (NLP). It monitors and tracks the level at which a patient is affected both

collectively and individually. This will enhance better decision making that fights the outbreak

of the virus.

An AI system can assist physicians by providing up-to-date medical information from

journals textbooks and clinical practices to inform proper patient care. Efficient patient flow

allows newly admitted to get to the right place as soon as they enter the hospital, current

patients are transited to the right unit and patients who are ready for discharge to leave the

hospital with as little delay as possible. When hospitals manage patient flow effectively there

is a proper distribution and allocation of time and resources to unit particular kind of patients

in need.
The use of Artificial intelligence in health such as the forecasting of patient flow to avoid

unnecessary visits by the emergency departments, clinical data to predict outcomes in the

emergency department e.t.c has helped beyond doubt in the improvement of operational

planning, improving healthcare quality and increasing patients satisfactory.

Diagnosis: Diagnosing treatment usually takes a long period of time to learn with the

growing number Covid-19 patients. We may lack the available number of personnel needed

to diagnose treatment. Deep learning algorithms observe the data of the patients at hand

there by diagnosing the treatment that should be given to patients.

In 2015 misdiagnosing illness and medical error accounted for 10% of all US deaths. One of

the problems AI seeks to solve in this subjects is the reduction in the level of misdiagnosing

illness.

COVID-NET, a deep learning model uses chest x-rays to detect patients that are positive of

COVID-19 and accelerate treatment based on the level of risk associated with each patient.
AI based computer vision cameras were deployed in China and other parts of the world

whose major Job is to scan crowds for COVID-19 symptoms and monitor people during

lockdown.

CONCLUSION

Artificial has made a tremendous impact within the period of this pandemic. We hope that this paper

will show you some of the impact it has made. Without Artificial Intelligence the spread of the virus

would have been uncontrollable, coming up with vaccines would have taken a longer time, humans

would be taken unaware of the situation as there will be no AI model for fast prediction.

Compared to traditional approaches in clinical operations AI is very cost effective and it can achieve

more in a short space of time. Like the case of the AI powered autonomous robots in Wuhan, China,

the spread of the virus was reduced as there is a reduction in face face near contact.

REFERENCES

Sathian Dananjayan & Gerard Marshall Raj: www.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/hpm.2987

Victoria Rees: www.drugtargetreview.com

Tanuja Koppal :

www.biocompare.com/Editorial-Articles/565713-Artificial-Intelligence-Aplications-in-The-Pand

emic-and-Beyond

Raju Vaishya: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7195043/

Lauren Paige Kennedy:

https://www.webmd.com/a-to-z-guides/features/artificial-intelligence-helps-health-care
Michael Thompson:

https://www.healthcatalyst.com/insights/improve-hospital-patient-flow-with-machine-l

earning

GE Healthcare:

https://www.healthcareitnews.com/news/emea/covid-19-shows-life-saving-potential-w

orking-real-time

Pascale Fung:

https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2020/06/this-is-how-ai-can-help-us-fight-covid-19/