Initial Environmental Examination

November 2021

LOAN 3455-INO: Accelerating Infrastructure Delivery Through Better Engineering

Services Project.
Preparation of Feasibility Study (FS) and Detailed Engineering Design (DED) for the
Wastewater Management System in Pontianak City, West Kalimantan, Indonesia.

Directorate General of Human Settlements, under the Ministry of Public Works of the
Republic of Indonesia for the Asian Development Bank.
Issue and Revision Record

Revision Date Originator Checker Approver Description

A 02 Dec M. Agus M Misry Albert Thiadens
2020 Yudiarto
B 30/04/2021 M. Agus M Misry Albert Thiadens
Yudiarto
C 24/11/2021 M. Agus M Misry Albert Thiadens
Yudiarto

Document reference: 401430 | 1 | A

Information class: Standard

This document is issued for the party which commissioned it and for specific purposes connected with the above-captioned project
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We accept no responsibility for the consequences of this document being relied upon by any other party, or being used for any other
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This document contains confidential information and proprietary intellectual property. It should not be shown to other parties without
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 CURRENCY EQUIVALENTS
(as of 30 November 2020)
Currency unit – Indonesian rupiah (IDR)
IDR1.00 = $0.0001013171
$1.00 = IDR14,198.64

ABBREVIATIONS

ADB – Asian Development Bank

AMDAL – Analisis Mengenai Dampak Lingkungan Hidup
ANDAL – Analisis Dampak Lingkungan (environmental impact analysis)
BAPPEDA – Badan Perencanaan Pembangunan Daerah
BMKG – Badan Meteorologi, Klimatologi, dan Geofisika
BOD – Biological oxygen demand
CEMP – Contractor‟s Environmental Management Plan
CPMU – Central Project Management Unit
CSECC – City Sewerage Environmental Complaints Committee
Cumd – Cubic meters per day
Cums – Cubic meters per second
dB(A) – A-weighted sound scale
DLH – Dinas Lingkungan Hidup
EIA – Environmental Impact Assessment
EMP – Environmental Management Plan
FGD – Focus Group Discussion
FSTP - Fecal Sludge Treatment Plan
GOI – Government of Indonesia
IEE – Initial Environmental Examination
IPAL – Instalasi Pengolahan Air Limbah (WWTP)
IR – Involuntary resettlement
IRR – Implementing Rules and Regulations
Km – Kilometer
Km2 – Square kilometers
LGU – Local Government Unit
lpcd – liters per capita per day
lps – liters per second
LPMU – Local Project Management Unit
mamsl – meters above mean sea level
NGO – Non-Government Organization
PDAM – Perusahaan Daerah Air Minum
PISC – Project Implementation Support Consultant
PIU - Project Implementing Unit
PPE – Personal Protective Equipment
PPTA – Project Preparation Technical Assistance
RRP – Report and Recommendation of the President (ADB)
TA – Technical Assistance
UPTD – Unit Pelaksana Teknis Daerah
UKL – Upaya Pengelolaan Lingkungan (Environmental
Management Effort)
UPL – Upaya Pemantauan Lingkungan (Environmental Monitoring
Effort)
ug/Ncm – microgram per normal cubic meter

WWTP – wastewater treatment plant

NOTE
 In this report, "$" refers to US dollars.

This initial environmental examination is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not
necessarily represent those of ADB's Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in
nature. Your attention is directed to the “terms of use” section of ADB’s website.

In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or
reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian Development Bank does
not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area.

Table of Contents
CURRENCY EQUIVALENTS......................................................................................................................3
ABBREVIATIONS.....................................................................................................................................3
LIST OF TABLES......................................................................................................................................7
LIST OF FIGURES....................................................................................................................................9
I. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY.................................................................................................................10
II. POLICY, LEGAL, AND ADMINISTRATIVE FRAMEWORK.................................................................11
A. Environmental Laws and Regulations in Indonesia..................................................................11
B. ADB Environmental Safeguard Guidelines in the Context of Indonesia...................................14
III. DESCRIPTION OF PROJECT.......................................................................................................19
A. Project Rational.......................................................................................................................19
B. Project Impact, Outcome and Outputs....................................................................................19
C. Existing Water Supply and Wastewater System in Pontianak City...........................................20
D. Project Location.......................................................................................................................21
E. Wastewater Treatment Design Analysis..................................................................................26
F. Physical Structure Unit............................................................................................................31
G. Fecal Sludge Treatment Plan (FSTP).........................................................................................33
H. Mechanical and Electrical Works.............................................................................................34
I. Sewerage Line Network...........................................................................................................35
1. Pipe Material and Construction Method.............................................................................39
2. Manhole and Drop Manhole Complementary Buildings......................................................39
3. Open Trench for Secondary and Tertiary Sewer Line...........................................................40
IV. DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT.....................................................................................41
A. Project Area of Influence.........................................................................................................41
B. Physiography and Geology......................................................................................................41
C. Meteorology............................................................................................................................41
D. Climate Change and Flood Risk................................................................................................42
E. Rainfall.....................................................................................................................................47
F. Air Temperature......................................................................................................................47
G. Wind Speed and Wind Direction..............................................................................................48
H. Humidity..................................................................................................................................49
I. Air Quality................................................................................................................................49
J. Noise In the Study Area...........................................................................................................52
K. Odor.........................................................................................................................................54
L. Green House Gases (GHG’s)....................................................................................................55
M. Vibration..............................................................................................................................56
N. Ecological Resources................................................................................................................57
1. Surface Water Quality..........................................................................................................57
2. Ground Water Quality.........................................................................................................62
3. Biota and Plankton...............................................................................................................63
4. Protected Area.....................................................................................................................64
 O. Economic Development...........................................................................................................66
1. Livelihoods...........................................................................................................................66
2. Job and Business Opportunities...........................................................................................67
3. Expenditure and Consumption Patterns..............................................................................67
P. Socio and Cultural Resources...................................................................................................68
1. Population of Pontianak City...............................................................................................68
2. Population on Study Area....................................................................................................69
3. Population by Age Group.....................................................................................................70
4. Workforce............................................................................................................................71
V. ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES...................................73
A. Project Environmental Benefit.................................................................................................73
B. Environmental Impact Assessment Screening.........................................................................73
C. Environmental Impact and Mitigation Measures.....................................................................74
1. Pre-Construction Phase.......................................................................................................74
2. Construction Phase..............................................................................................................79
3. Operation and Maintenance Phase.....................................................................................86
VI. ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES....................................................................................................94
VII. INFORMATION DISCLOSURE, CONSULTATION AND PARTICIPATION.......................................97
A. Information Disclosure............................................................................................................97
B. Consultations...........................................................................................................................97
C. Participation.........................................................................................................................98
VIII. GRIEVANCE REDRESS MECHANISM.........................................................................................98
IX. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN...............................................................................100
X. CONCLUTION AND RECOMENDATION.......................................................................................101

LIST OF TABLES

Table 1. Government of Indonesia Environmental Management Regulation......................................12

Table 2. Summary of Gaps between SPS and GOI System and Bridging Plans.....................................15
Table 3. Environmental Baseline and Impact Analysis Gap..................................................................16
Table 4. Simulation Results of MBBR Technology on Footprint Reduction Model..............................26
Table 5. Minimum Flow Analysis Model Results..................................................................................27
Table 6. Physical Processing Unit Building Components (Pre-treatment)............................................31
Table 7. Physical Processing Unit Building Components (First Stage)..................................................31
Table 8. The Components of the Biological Processing Unit Building (Second Stage).........................32
Table 9. Building Components of Sludge Treatment Unit (Second Stage)...........................................33
Table 10. Pontianak City Domestic Wastewater sewer line Network..................................................35
Table 11. Manhole Size........................................................................................................................39
Table 12. Manhole Material................................................................................................................40
Table 13. Manhole interval..................................................................................................................40
Table 14. Rainfall (mm) in Ten years 2010 - 2019................................................................................47
Table 15. Air Temperature During the Last 10 Years (2010-2019).......................................................47
Table 16. Wind Speed Last 10 Years (2010-2019)................................................................................48
Table 17. Humidity of Air Last 10 Years (2010-2019)...........................................................................49
Table 18. Air Quality Sampling Points..................................................................................................49
Table 19. Air Quality Laboratory Analysis Result.................................................................................52
Table 20. Location of Noise Level Measurement.................................................................................53
Table 21. Result of Noise Level Measurement.....................................................................................53
Table 22. Location of ODOR Measurement.........................................................................................54
Table 23. Odor Measurement Result (Odoran)...................................................................................55
Table 24. Vibration Sampling Location................................................................................................56
Table 25. Vibration Measurement Result on Study Area.....................................................................56
Table 26. Water Quality Sampling Point..............................................................................................57
Table 27. Water Quality Analysist Result.............................................................................................58
Table 28. Surface Water Quality on Local stream (Canal Tokaya and Jawi River)................................61
Table 29. Results of Modelling Nutrient Content for Several Conditions in the WWTP RPH and Martapura 62
Table 30. Ground water quality on Pontianak City..............................................................................62
Table 31. Diversity Level......................................................................................................................63
Table 32. Uniformity Level...................................................................................................................63
Table 33. Types of livelihoods based on differences in main business fields in Pontianak City...........66
Table 34. Population Classification According to Main Work Status and Gender................................67
Table 35. Percentage of Household Expenditure in Pontianak City.....................................................68
Table 36. Population of Pontianak City by Sub District........................................................................68
Table 37. Population Projection 2021 - 2041.......................................................................................69
Table 38. Population in 9 Village in Services WWTP............................................................................70
Table 39. Population Composition by Gender and Age Group in Pontianak City.................................70
Table 40. Population Aged 15 Years or Over by Type of Main Activities in Pontianak City 2018-2019 71
Table 41. Population Aged 15 Years or Over by Type of Main Activities and Highest Education in Pontianak
City......................................................................................................................................................72
Table 42. Number of Job Seekers by District and Education in Pontianak City....................................72
Table 43. Affected assets identification at WWTP Nipah Kuning and Gang Martapura 2....................77
Table 44. Domestic Wastewater Standard..........................................................................................87
Table 45. Estimated Discharge of Wastewater for WWTP at RPH and Martapura 2...........................87
Table 46. Wastewater Treatment Technology – Options....................................................................94
Table 47. Non-Conformity and Corrective Action................................................................................95
Table 48. GRM Processing of Complaints..........................................................................................99
Table 49. Complaint Register Form...................................................................................................100

LIST OF FIGURES

Figure 1. WWTP at RPH Nipah Kuning.................................................................................................22

Figure 2. WWTP at Martapura 2..........................................................................................................23
Figure 3. Proposed location of Sewerage Network..............................................................................24
Figure 4. Sewer line Plan WWTP Pontianak City..................................................................................25
Figure 5. Lay Out Drawing of WWTP Development in Nipah Kuning RPH...........................................29
Figure 6. Lay out Drawing of WWTP Development Plan in Gang Martapura 2....................................30
Figure 7. Faecal sludge handling unit from Truck Inlet........................................................................34
Figure 8. Sewer Line Primary Network................................................................................................36
Figure 9. Sewer Line Secondary Network............................................................................................37
Figure 10. Sewer Line Tertiary Network..............................................................................................38
Figure 11 Typically Manhole dan Drop Manhole.................................................................................39
Figure 12. Agro-climate Map of West Kalimantan...............................................................................42
Figure 13. RPH Flood Risk Map.......................................................................................................43
Figure 14. Martapura Flood Risk Map..............................................................................................43
Figure 15. Sea level rise trend in study area........................................................................................44
Figure 16. WWTP Design Level Considered Flood Risk................................................................46
Figure 17. Air Quality Sampling Documentation (27-28 October 2020)..............................................50
Figure 18. Air Quality Sampling Point..................................................................................................51
Figure 19. Noise Level on Study Area..................................................................................................54
Figure 20. Sampling point surface water on Canal and Stream at Pontianak City...............................60
Figure 21. Integrated Biodiversity Assessment Tool (IBAT) within radius 50 km from Project Site.....64
Figure 22. The green shape is shown Mandor Nature Reserve; Below: the red polygon shown swamps around
Kapuas coast........................................................................................................................................65
Figure 23. Natural and critical habitat distribution around project location (source:
https://adb-spade.org/maps/2646/embed)........................................................................................66
Figure 24. Land Plot at Gang Martapura 2...........................................................................................76
Figure 25. Existing condition on Gang Martapura 2.............................................................................76
Figure 26. Culvert Jet...........................................................................................................................89

I. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

1. Directorate General of Housing and Sanitation (DGHS) through Directorate of Environmental

Sanitation Development has established a target to provide adequate sanitation and universal access to
water and sanitation to 100% of the Indonesian population by 2019 as has been outlined in the National
Medium-Term Development Plan (RPJMN) 2015-2019. In this context, the Ministry of Public Works and
Housing (MPWH as the Project Executing Agency), intends to support the development of wastewater
management including sewerage system in the Pontianak City.
2. Pontianak’s proposed sewerage system under Accelerating Infrastructure Delivery Through Better
Engineering Services Project (ESP) cover the services is WWTP and sewer line networks. Land availability is
limited in Pontianak city so that a centralized WWTP will be built in two separate places, namely at RPH
Nipah Kuning and on Jalan Martapura 2, Pontianak City. Determination of the location of the centralized
Domestic Wastewater Treatment Plant and its supporting facilities on the Nipah Kuning RPH land, in Sungai
Beliung Village, West Pontianak District, Pontianak City is based on the Decree of the Mayor of Pontianak
Number 278 / BAPPEDA / 2020 dated 19 February 2020. Determination of the location for the construction of
a Domestic Wastewater Treatment Plant and its supporting facilities at Jalan Tanjungpura Gang Martapura 2,
Benua Melayu Laut Village, South Pontianak District, Pontianak City is based on the Mayor's Decree Number
606 / BAPPEDA / 2020.
3. The WWTP service coverage includes areas on 9 village namely Pal Lima, Sungai Beliung, Sungai Jawi
Luar, Sungai Jawi Dalam, Mariana, Darat Sekip, Tengah, Benua Melayu Darat dan Benua Melayu Laut,
Pontianak City. The scope of this sub-project is the development a domestic wastewater sewer line network
consisting of primary (16,174 m), secondary (19,519 m) and tertiary networks (201.320,5 m); The house
connection service sub-system consisting of faecal pipes, non-faecal pipes, grease catching tanks, parcel
pipes, control tanks and inspection tanks; The collection sub-system includes the installation of reticulation
pipes consisting of lateral and service pipes, main pipes, and complementary buildings consisting of
manholes, drop manholes, passer structures (siphon), flushing channel (terminal clean out, waste water
collection tub ), and the pumping station.
4. Wastewater from the proposed Pontianak City’s sewer network system will drain to a 12-MLD
Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP) located at RPH Nipah Kuning and Jalan Martapura 2. WWTP’s effluent
discharge point is the Kapuas River. The MBBR 12 MLD module will be applied with the key parameters of
effluent TSS: 2.9 mg /l, COD: 36.2mg /l, BOD: 5.9 mg /l, Ammonia: 0.6mg /l, Nitrite: 0, 82 mg /l, Total
Phosphate: 5.29 mg /l.
5. Based on Rapid Environmental Assessment (REA attached) and ADB‟s environmental categorization,
the environmental impacts and risks this project is deemed Environmental Category B, this mean the
environmental impacts specific-location can be readily mitigated, and the locations are not on the
ecologically sensitive or high risk with respect to community health and safety. The type of environmental
assessment based on SPS 2009 is the Initial Environmental Examination (IEE) document. For compliance with
GOI requirement on environmental management and protection assessment, the environmental studies
carried out Based on the Minister of Environment and Forestry Regulation No. P.38 of 2019, concerning
Mandatory AMDAL Activities where in Appendix I, the construction of WWTP (≥2.5 tons/day), FSTP (≥50
m3/day) and wastewater pipelines (16,000 m3/day) is included in the Amdal category B. Because the total
Wastewater Discharge Capacity for Phase I for WWTPRPH, and Martapura 2 designed is 30,000 m3/day, the
AMDAL made is AMDAL Type B. A separate Environmental Impact Analysis (AMDAL) report has been
prepared by the Pontianak City BAPPEDA during the basic engineering design stage.
6. The AMDAL study prepared by the Bappeda Pontianak City assisted by a local consultant had already
obtained Environmental Assessment approval by the Mayor of Pontianak through Decree No. 1124 / DLH /
Year 2020, date 10 December 2020. Environmental Permit has been issued by Kepala Dinas Penanaman
Modal Tenaga Kerja Dan Pelayanan Terpadu Satu Pintu Kota Pontianak through Decree No. 45 /
DPMTKPTSP / Year 2021, date 28 Januari 2021.

7. Development of the IEE include the following activities:

 Desk review of information such as feasibility study report, Environmental health risk assessment
(EHRA) and environmental analyses previously prepared PPC consultant during FS phase.
 Review of national and local laws/regulations and procedures relating to environment, health and
safety, resettlement, and rehabilitation, etc.
 Field visits to collect data relevant to the study area; and
 Discussions and interviews with the relevant stakeholders including: BAPPEDA personnel, Local
Government Kota Pontianak Environmental office and AMDAL Local consultant

8. The objectives of this IEE are to: (i) provide information about the general environmental setting of
the project area; (ii) identify impact of the project activities (physical infrastructure development of the
buildings) on the Geo-physical, bio-ecology, socio-economic, and cultural environment of the project,
recommend site specific environmental mitigation measures; and (iii) prepare an environmental
management plan for the project area to ensure that the IEE addresses the requirements of the following:
(a). Relevant Indonesian laws, regulations, and standard practices and (b) ADB’s Safeguard Policy Statement,
July 2009, applicable treaties, and agreements.
9. The environmental impact assessment of the project has been carried out for both positive and
negative impacts. It is expected that the project activities will not have any significant adverse impact on the
environment. Impacts are most likely to occur during the construction phase these are expected to be
temporary in nature and can be mitigated with proper management and good practices. During the
operational phase, the most likely risk is effluent quality to Kapuas River also odour from sludge or faecal
processing.
10. The EMP has been prepared standalone document and following best practice and by reference to
the ADB Guidelines. It is important that the recommendations and mitigation measures are carried out
according to the spirit of the environmental assessment process and in line with the guidelines of funding
agencies. The impact prediction has played a vital role in reconfirming typical mitigation measures and in
identifying any different approaches based on the feasibility and detailed design assumptions and any
alternatives available at this stage. This mitigation and management measures for Pontianak City’s subproject
includes: (i) mitigating measures to be implemented, (ii) required monitoring associated with the mitigating
measures, and (iii) implementation arrangement.
11. The EMP for the Centralized Domestic Liquid Waste Development of Pontianak City will consist of the
EMP WWTP (Martapura and Nipah Kuning), and the 4 EMPs Sewer line will be a part of the procurement
package.

II. POLICY, LEGAL, AND ADMINISTRATIVE FRAMEWORK

A. Environmental Laws and Regulations in Indonesia

12. The policy, legal, and administrative frameworks relevant to the environmental assessment of
infrastructure projects in the Republic of Indonesia have been established by the following laws and
regulations: (i) Indonesian Law No. 11 Years 2020 concerning Job Creation (ii) Environmental Protection and
Management Law no 32 of 2009, (iii) Implementation of Environmental Protection and Management,
Government Regulation No 22 Years 2021 (iii) Ministry of Environmental and Forestry Regulation No 4 years
2021 concerning List of businesses and/or activities that are required to have an analysis of environmental
impacts (AMDAL), environmental management efforts and environmental monitoring efforts (UKL-UPL) or a
statement of ability to manage and monitor the environment.
13. Referring to the Government Regulation of the Republic of Indonesia Number 5 of 2021 concerning
Implementation of risk-based business licensing and Ministry of Environmental and Forestry Regulation No 4
years 2021 concerning List of businesses and/or activities that are required to have an analysis of
environmental impacts (AMDAL), environmental management efforts and environmental monitoring efforts
(UKL-UPL) or a statement of ability to manage and monitor the environment in Paragraph II Article 3
paragraph (1) which states that every business plan and / or activity that has a significant impact on the
environment is required to have an analysis of environmental impacts or what is called AMDAL.
14. In accordance with the Regulation of the Minister of Environment and Forestry of the Republic of
Indonesia Number: 4 Years 2021 that development of central domestic wastewater treatment installation
include supporting facilities activities (WWTP-T) with covered serving more than 50,000 people or having a
domestic wastewater treatment capacity of more than 5,000 cubic meters per day. , development of faecal
sludge installation management plant (FSTP) with a capacity of ≥ 50 m3 / day, construction of a sewer line
system with a service area of ≥ 500 ha and discharge of wastewater 5,000 m3 / day are required to conduct
an AMDAL study (Category C) because it has the potential to cause pollution to water, odors, soil and social
conflicts.
15. The process of preparing environmental documents, approval of environmental letter and
community involvement in both processes is based on laws and regulations in Indonesia and follows
guidelines ADB Safeguards Policy Statement 2009.

Table 1. Government of Indonesia Environmental Management Regulation

No Law and GOI Regulation Subject Remarks

A Law

1 UU No 11 Years 2020 Job Creation

2 UU No 2 Years 2017 Construction Services Partial Change by UU

NO 11 Years 2021

3 UU No 2 Years 2012 Land Procurement for Partial Change by UU

Development for Public Interest NO 11 Years 2021

4 UU No 11 Years 2010 Which The National Law on protection

Revised No 10/ 1993 cultural heritage (cagar budaya),
5 UU No 32 Years 2009 Environmental Protection and Partial Change by UU
Management NO 11 Years 2021

B Government Regulation

1 PP No 5 Years 2021 Implementation of risk-based

business licensing

2 PP No 14 Years 2021 Amendment to government

regulation number 22 of 2020
regarding implementing
regulations of Law Number 2 of
2017 concerning Construction
Services

3 PP No 19 Years 2021 Implementation of Land

Procurement for Development in
the Public Interest

4 PP No 21 Years 2021 Spatial Planning

5 PP No 22 Years 2021 Implementation of Environmental Based on This

Protection and Management
regulation,
Environmental Permit
on WWTP Pontianak
City need of technical
approval on effluent
release to water body,
Exhaust gas emissions,
No Law and GOI Regulation Subject Remarks

Hazardous Waste
Management

Appendix VI of PP No. 22 of National water quality standards

2021,

Appendix VII of PP Number Ambient Air Quality Standards

22 of 2021

Appendix VIII of PP No. 22 of Sea water quality standards

2021

Appendix IX of PP No. 22 of list of Hazardous waste from

2021 unspecified sources

C. Ministry of Environmental
and Forestry Regulation

1 Permen LHK No 4 Years 2021
List of Businesses and or Activities Construction of a Faecal
Required to Have EIA, UKL-UPL or Sludge Treatment Plant
SPPLH (FSTP) with a capacity of
> 50 cubic meters per
day; Construction of
Domestic Wastewater
Treatment Plants
including supporting
facilities with a capacity
of > 5,000 cubic meters
per day or serving >
50,000 people;
Construction of a
wastewater piping
system, service area of
500 ha and/or
processing capacity >
5,000 cubic meters per
day, is required to
conduct an AMDAL
category C study that
has the potential to
cause water, soil, odor
and social conflicts.

2 Permen LHK No 5 Years 2021 Procedure for Issuing Technical

Approval and Operational
Eligibility Letter for
 No Law and GOI Regulation Subject Remarks

Environmental Pollution Control

3 Permen LHK No 6 Years 2021 Hazardous and Toxic Waste

Management Procedures and
Requirements

4 Permen LHK No 68 Years Domestic wastewater quality

2016 standards

5 Circular Letter of the Regulation of the Transitional Based on this

Minister of Environment and Implementation of Government regulation, AMDAL
Forestry No. Regulation Number 5 of 2021, process and
SE.2/MENLHK/SETJEN/KUM. Government Regulation Number environmental permit
1/3/2021 22 of 2021 and Government for WWTP Pontianak
Regulation Number 23 of 2021 City still refer to
Government Regulation
No 27 Years 2012
regarding
Environmental Permit.
However, based on this
regulation, the initiator
of the activity must also
conduct a technical
study on the discharge
of effluent into water
bodies to obtain
technical approval and a
certificate of feasibility
for the operation of the
Domestic Wastewater
Treatment Plant.

B. ADB Environmental Safeguard Guidelines in the Context of Indonesia

16. The Indonesia AMDAL system is almost equivalent to ADB’s SPS 2009. An equivalence assessment
between the Indonesian system and SPS was conducted as part of the review process to prepare for the
decision to use country safeguard system in the infrastructure sector in Indonesia. The gap environmental
safeguard policy in the AMDAL and the SPS 2009 shown as below.

Table 2. Summary of Gaps between SPS and GOI System and Bridging Plans
Policy Principals Gaps Bridging Plans
1. Environmental Impact GOI system does not include In general, environmental
Assessment assessment on: assessments to be disclosed
and updated:
a. Gender considerations
b. Impact on vulnerable groups a. The Gender Action Plan
included indigenous people addresses specific gender
 Policy Principals
2. Alternative assessment
3. Environmental Management
Plan
4. Information Disclosure,
Consultation and Participation.
5. Grievance Redress
Mechanism
Gaps
c. Cumulative Impact
Assessment for new Activities
not included
ANDAL does not include
alternative assessment for
technology
GOI system does not include
Cost for implementation of
mitigations
GOI system does not continuing
public consultation throughout
the project cycle,
not including Complaint
handling system
Bridging Plans
issues
b. Indigenous people is not
applicable, but vulnerable
group impact must be
identified
c. If any new construction
activities start, they will be
monitored as mentioned in the
EMP
a. Comparation of WWTP
technologies applied
The environmental
management plan includes cost
estimates
a. Meaningful consultations
with affected people and
facilitating their participation
has been conducted and will
continue as part IEE finalization
b. Continuing consultation with
the stakeholders throughout
the project cycle is planned
Providing Complaint handling
system including record and
reporting during Construction
work
17. There are several environmental baseline data that are not included in the AMDAL or are not detailed so that they must be added to
the IEE-EMP document, as explained in the following table.
Table 3. Environmental Baseline and Impact Analysis Gap
No Environmental Environmental Baseline Data
Aspect
Geo-Physic-Chemical
1 Climate No discussion of climate change or GHG.
2 Surface water - A single set of water sampling was
quality carried out seven (7) locations, five
canals and one each in Kapuas River
at the two WWTP sites. The standard
used is for class II river.
- BOD, COD, DO, total phosphate, and
dissolved lead do not meet the
standard in the Kapuas River.
- There is no assessment of the
nutritional discharge load in the
Amdal but only meets the regulatory
discharge standards.
3 Kapuas River No information provided on water flow
and seasonal changes.
IEE-16
Andal Impact Analysis Recommandation for IEE
-- Identify and tabulate GHGs. Climate
change should recognize sea level rise,
changing rainfall patterns, increased
flooding, and temperature all of which will
impact the Kapuas River and directly the
operation of the WWTPs.
Surface water quality is Additional sampling needs to be conducted
categorized as to represent two seasons (dry season and
hypothetical significant wet season). The phosphate level in the
impact. It is concluded river water is currently twice that of the
that the operation of Class II standard and additional loadings of
SPALDT may impact river phosphate will be discharged. These need
water quality. to be evaluated in terms of nutrients in
river water and potential for
eutrophication. The discharge to river
needs to be modelled at both sites and a
mixing zone defined. Regular monitoring
within the mixing zone and at its margin
will be required during operations.
No discussion of potential Potential flooding of the two sites is
flooding of the site or of recognized as potential significant impact.
increased flood potential Hydrological study of the Kapuas River is
because of climate required both for water quality assessment
No Environmental Environmental Baseline Data Andal Impact Analysis Recommandation for IEE
Aspect
change and for flood assessment and may require
flood mitigation controls on site, raising of
ground level, bunds etc. The impact of
climate change needs to be incorporated
into the flood analysis.
4 Groundwater No sampling on the two sites (RPH and Groundwater quality is Groundwater monitoring wells need to be
quality Martapura) considered as a installed at both sites to determine
hypothetical significant groundwater baseline quality. Regular
impact on operation monitoring of groundwater quality will be
phase. No quantitative required during operations. A conceptual
data were used in model is required to evaluate potential
determining the offsite groundwater discharge to
importance of impact. communities and Kapuas River and
mitigation measures identified.
5 Hydrology and Not analyzed in Andal. Not analyzed in Andal. Analysis of land clearing / construction
water resources activities and potential increase of TSS to
Kapuas River during construction. (Soil
handling)
6 Waste The AMDAL provides a very detailed No impact assessment IEE Baseline will require a detailed
management analysis of the waste inventory presented undertaken. understanding of what facilities are
in the Project Description. During available for waste management associated
Operations. the waste will be disposed of with the project, including the availability
at a final processing site and hazardous of local landfill, licensed contractors, and
waste will be managed by a licensed 3rd other management requirements. Also,
party. The operation phase of liquid and assessment of re-use and recycling.
solid waste will be managed through (Tender document, include clean
WWTP and hazardous waste which will be construction/ waste management)
managed by a licensed 3rd party.

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No Environmental Environmental Baseline Data Andal Impact Analysis Recommandation for IEE
Aspect
Disposal of sludge at landfill and/or
agricultural use to be defined.
Biology
1 Aquatic biota Water sampling for analysis of aquatic Aquatic biota is Regular monitoring of aquatic biota within
(plankton) biota show that all samples have a low categorized as a the effluent mixing zone in Kapuas River
level of diversity, low evenness, and low hypothetical significant will be required during operations.
dominance. positive impact from
operation phase.

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 III. DESCRIPTION OF PROJECT

A. Project Rational
18. Directorate General of Housing and Sanitation (DGHS) through Directorate of Environmental
Sanitation Development has established a target to provide adequate sanitation and universal access
to water and sanitation to 100% of the Indonesian population by 2019 as has been outlined in the
National Medium-Term Development Plan (RPJMN) 2015-2019. In this context, the Ministry of Public
Works and Housing (MPWH as the Project Executing Agency), intends to support the development of
wastewater management including sewerage system in the Pontianak City.
19. Delivery of the MPWH’s infrastructure programs has been constrained by complex land
acquisition processes, procurement delays, and inadequate preparation of infrastructure projects.
With the implementation of the new land acquisition law and continuous efforts to strengthen
public procurement systems, it is now the latter that critically constraints the ministry’s ability to
deliver infrastructure in a timely and good quality manner. Weak project preparation is largely due
to lack of resources to complete the required assessments, surveys, master plan, feasibility studies,
designs, and environmental and land acquisition clearances to make projects ready for
implementation. Addressing the project preparation issue will be, therefore, important for the
MPWH to meet its ambitious infrastructure development targets.
20. By incorporating these lessons learned, the proposed Accelerating Infrastructure Delivery
through Better Engineering Services Project (ESP) has been designed to target the MPWH’s critical
constraints by (i) enabling financing of the preparation of infrastructure projects as a separate
project; and (ii) strengthening MPWH systems to improve the quality and timeliness of the
preparation of master plans, feasibility studies, detailed engineering designs (DEDs), land acquisition
and resettlement plans, gender action plan, environmental impact assessments, bidding documents,
and construction supervision.

B. Project Impact, Outcome and Outputs

21. The ESP will help meet the infrastructure development objectives of MPWH’s Strategic Plan,
2015–2019 by improving the quality and timeliness of the delivery of the SDP’s public investment
program. The impact will be the attainment of the infrastructure objectives of the MPWH’s Strategic
Plan, 2015–2019. The outcome will be strengthened capacity of MPWH’s DGH, DGHS, and DGWR to
efficiently design and implement MPWH’s public investment program. The expected outcome of the
ESP will be achieved through implementation of two outputs described below.
22. Output 1: Quality and timely start-up of infrastructure projects improved. This output will
support the preparation–based on new analytical methods and design standards–of water supply
and sanitation projects of the Directorate General of Human Settlements (DGHS) especially the
Pontianak City. All infrastructure projects are from the MPWH’s Strategic Plan, 2015–2019 and are to
be mainly financed from the government budget. This output will support preparation of (i) master
plans and feasibility studies; (ii) detailed engineering designs, including geotechnical, topographical,
and other surveys; (iii) environmental impact assessments and land acquisition documents as per
government requirements; and (iv) advance contracting for civil works. This output will also support
construction supervision (for selected projects of DGHS ), and technical and financial assessment (for
selected DGH projects).
23. Output 2: Capacity in public investment management strengthened. This output will
support the DGHS, of the MPWH in: (i) improving master planning and public investment
management systems; (ii) on-the-job capacity development of project staff, especially at local level,

IEE-19
in such areas as design-and-build contracts, design standards, construction supervision, enforcement
of civil works contractor performance via technical and financial assessment during construction,
multi-year contracting, etc.; (iii) strengthening of the ministry’s safeguards and procurement
systems; (iv) strengthening value engineering during preparation of infrastructure projects, and (v)
implementing the ESP, including monitoring and evaluation of project preparation activities.

C. Existing Water Supply and Wastewater System in Pontianak City

24. The raw water treatment is abstracted from the Kapuas River and treated in the PDAM
Water Treatment Plants (WTP). Generally, the produced water quality meets the drinking water
standards. However, during the dry season, the raw water quality is occasionally influenced by
seawater intrusion causing saltwater content levels to be above the threshold requirements. The
total water production capacity amounts to 2058 litres/second consisting of Imam Bonjol WTP
(1,408 litres/second), Long Strait WTP (300 litres/seconds), Sungai Jawi Luar Mini Treatment (50
litres/second), and Major Trench WTP (300 litres/second).
25. The distribution of water supply by the PDAM Tirta Khatulistiwa covers 6 sub-districts in
Pontianak City namely North Pontianak, West Pontianak, City Pontianak, South Pontianak, East
Pontianak, South-East Pontianak and parts of Kubu Raya regencies. Distribution is carried out
through a pumping system and distribution reservoirs located in each district. In 2018, the PDAM
served 119,459 customers or equivalent to about 86% of the population, including residents of the
Kubu Raya district (KKR) directly adjacent to Pontianak City
26. The public health conditions in Pontianak are under pressure due to inadequate wastewater
facilities and community behaviour with high incidences of Diarrhoea occurring (source: Public
Health Agency). In addition, there have been reports of outbreaks of cholera.
27. Based on the BPS report (2019) and the Pontianak Settlement Service (2019), the population
of Pontianak City is 665,693 people, 657,439 of them use unlined septic tanks, 4,127 use open
defecation systems, 602 use lined septic tanks, 150 use onsite communal systems and 3,375 use
offsite communal systems. Many of these facilities are in a poor condition causing health risks
through pollution of the groundwater and public surface areas, while faecal sludge is not collected
and treated in designated sludge treatment facilities. This report describes the actual situation and
has set the basis for an improved on-site sanitation strategy.
28. The current problems faced in Pontianak wastewater management are mainly caused by
various non-technical aspects such as the lack of local regulations and lack of institutional bodies
responsible to implement and manage domestic wastewater facilities, inadequate wastewater
management financing, need for skills and capacity development, limited land availability, lack of
public sanitation and hygiene awareness.
29. Since 2017, on-site communal facilities (5 House Connection) have been developed and
promoted in slum areas with Islamic Development Bank funding under the “Kotaku program”. So far,
the program has installed some 39 units at several locations across Pontianak City.
30. Only a few small communal systems with typically 50-100 house connections are built
through the community-based sanitation program (SANIMAS) funded by the Islamic Development
Bank and by a Special Budget Allocation from the Central Government (source Settlement Agency
2019).
31. Off-site systems are mainly comprised of communal systems with approximately 50 house
connections. These use an anaerobic process and still require desludging.
32. A Faecal Sludge Treatment Plant (FSTP) existing is operated by the Pontianak City
Environmental Agency at Batu Layang. This FSTP and was built in 1997 through the KUDP

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(Kalimantan Urban Development Project) program and is located on the Kebangkitan National Road,
15 km from city centre. The FSTP location is adjacent to the landfill location in a peatland area.
33. According to the plant operator the FSTP has a capacity 15 m 3/day, while data from the
original PFI document indicate 89 m 3/day.
34. The FSTP is in a very poor condition. Two desludging trucks are in operation, with 2m 3 and
4m capacity that currently make 1-2 trips per day (2-6 m 3/day) on average. Desludging services are
3

also provided by the private sector, but these private trucks illegally discharge outside the FSTP at
locations unknown to the local government. Based on collection method analysis conducted in
feasibility study phase, total FSTP capacity required by 2041 is at 270 m 3/day with 180 m3/day of FS
is generated from southern part of Kapuas River.

D. Project Location
35. Proposed location of SPALD-T Pontianak City 1). RPH Nipah Kuning (1,6 Ha), located on Sub
District Sungai Beliung, District West Pontianak, Pontianak City, West Kalimantan Province (figure 1);
2). WWTP at Gang Martapura 2 (1.5 Ha), located District West Pontianak, Sub District Benua Melayu
Laut, District Pontianak Kota, City Pontianak, West Kalimantan Province (figure 2); 3). Plan for sewer
line network (320 Km), located on District West Pontianak and Pontianak Kota, City Pontianak,
Province West Kalimantan (figure 3).

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 F
Figure 1. WWTP at RPH Nipah Kuning

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IEE-23
 Figure 2. WWTP at Martapura 2
Figure 3. Proposed location of Sewerage Network
Source: Feasibility Study of Pontianak Wastewater Development Program, 2020

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 Figure 4. Sewer line Plan WWTP Pontianak City

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 E. Wastewater Treatment Design Analysis
36. During basic engineering design, while final phase technology is decided to be MBBR, early
stage/interim stage technology are left undecided due to demand for OPEX analysis. Based on
conducted analysis in draft final phase, it was found that MBBR unit both performed better with less
operational cost and better stability. It was then decided that system will use MBBR directly from
stage 1 to allow better flexibility regarding house connection growth while also being more reliable
and efficient on smaller flowrate.
37. The following are the simulation results of MBBR technology, in the simulation on footprint
reduction model results is following table.

Table 4. Simulation Results of MBBR Technology on Footprint Reduction Model

Technology Units and sizing Key Parameter Pumps, Aerator, Notes
(L x W x H x unit/line) effluent Sludge

12 MLD  Grit chamber: Simulation 1  Grit removal Effluent reached

MBBR 4m x 1.2m x 0.8m x 2 line TSS: 1.2 mg/l pump similar results
Module  Primary Settling COD: 14.9 mg/l  Primary (simulation 1) and
14m x 11.85m x 2m x 2 line BOD: 1.9 mg/l settling reached effluent
12 MLD
wastewater +  Anaerobic Reactor Ammonia: 1 mg/l sludge pump standards with
0,2 MLD 3,5m x 24m x 6m x 1 line Nitrite: 0.96 mg/l  Secondary safe range
Faecal Sludge  Carbon Removal Reactor Soluble settling (simulation 2)
influent 12.5m x 24m x 6m x 1 line Phosphate: 4.7 sludge pump
 Nitrification Reactor mg/l 1218 m3 Aeration demand
12.5m x 24m x 6m x 1 line Simulation 2 media (550 reduced:
 Clarifier TSS: 3.3 mg/l m2/m3). Simulation 1:
19m x 24m x 2m depth x 1 COD: 41.4 mg/l (Simulation 46.7% of FS design
unit BOD: 10.6 mg/l 1) Simulation 2:
 Sludge Thickener Ammonia: 1,4 53.2% of FS design
14 m diameter, 1.5m depth mg/l Thickened Sludge Media demand:
x 1 unit Nitrite: 0.6 mg/l Slurry Pump 75% of FS design
 Mechanical Dewatering Soluble 8,400 m3/hour
10m x 5m hangar Phosphate: 1,9 aerator
mg/l (simulation 1)

8,500 m3/hour
aerator
(simulation 2)
10 m3 sludge
(Simulation 1)
16 m3 sludge
(Simulation 2)

Source: BED WWTP Kota Pontianak, 2021

38. To address said situation, minimum load analysis is conducted through process modelling
support to find allowable minimum flow of planned module structure. During Basic Engineering
Design, 25% of design capacity is considered (1,5 MLD per module). During this phase, threshold of
minimum load is explored further on both CMAS and MBBR. MBBR is considered as attached growth

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system would have better treatment performance and flexibility compared to suspended growth in
minimum load condition. Simulation results can be seen on the following table.

Table 5. Minimum Flow Analysis Model Results

System
Key Parameter Changes from full
technology Notes
effluent capacity
options

CMAS TSS: 6.4 mg/l Recirculation pump National Effluent

6 MLD module COD: 16.13 mg/l reduced to standards reached.
1 MLD BOD: 1.54 mg/l 0,07 MLD Potential
wastewater Ammonia: 0.02 mg/l Aerator reduced to carcinogenic
Nitrite: 0.02 mg/l 400 m3/hour from (nitrite) removed
Soluble Phosphate: 2000 m3/hour at 6 Soluble phosphate
5.2 mg/l MLD reduced, but still
Sludge reduced to 0.8 risk eutrophication
m3/day from 5 m3/day in downstream
Hourly energy (require further
consumption for stream analysis)
bioprocess 177 kWh Energy in
bioprocess mainly
for aeration and
mixing

CMAS TSS: 6 mg/l Recirculation pump National Effluent

6 MLD module COD: 15.68 mg/l reduced to standards reached.
0,6 MLD BOD: 1.21 mg/l 0,07 MLD Potential
wastewater Ammonia: 0.02 mg/l Aerator reduced to carcinogenic
Nitrite: 0.0 mg/l 400 (nitrite) removed
Soluble Phosphate: m3/hour from 2000 Soluble phosphate
5.29 mg/l m3/hour at 6 MLD reduced, but still
Sludge reduced to risk eutrophication
0.5m3/day from 5 in downstream
m3/day (require further
Hourly energy stream analysis)
consumption for Energy in
bioprocess 177 kWh bioprocess mainly
for aeration and
mixing

MBBR TSS: 0.93 mg/l Aerator reduced to National Effluent

12 MLD module COD: 13.04 mg/l 400 m3/hour from standards reached.
1 MLD BOD: 0.99 mg/l 8400 m3/hour during Potential
wastewater Ammonia: 0.12 mg/l 12 MLD capacity carcinogenic
Nitrite: 0.5 mg/l Sludge reduced to 0.8 (nitrite) removed

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 System
Key Parameter Changes from full
technology Notes
effluent capacity
options

m3/day from 10 Soluble phosphate

m3/day during 12 MLD reduced, but still
capacity risk eutrophication
in

Soluble Phosphate: downstream

5.07 mg/l (require further
Hourly energy
stream analysis)
consumption for
Energy in
bioprocess 174 kWh
bioprocess mainly
for aeration

MBBR TSS: 0.86 mg/l Aerator reduced to National Effluent

12 MLD module COD: 12.87 mg/l 400 m3/hour from standards reached.
0,6 MLD BOD: 0.88 mg/l 8400 m3/hour during Potential
wastewater Ammonia: 0.03 mg/l 12 MLD capacity carcinogenic
Nitrite: 0.01 mg/l Sludge reduced to 0.5 (nitrite) removed
Soluble Phosphate: m3/day from 10 Soluble phosphate
3
5.25 mg/l m /day during 12 MLD reduced, but still
capacity risk eutrophication
Hourly energy in downstream
consumption for (require further
bioprocess 174 kWh stream analysis)
Energy in
bioprocess mainly
for aeration

Source: Consultant Analysis, 2021

39. The planning of the building for domestic wastewater management and its supporting
facilities can be divided into two major parts, namely the upper structure and the lower structure.
The upper structure must meet the elements of strength, rigidity, and serviceability. The lower
structure must be designed by considering the strength and stability factors.
40. Based on the Regulation of the Minister of Public Works and Public Housing of the Republic
of Indonesia Number 04 / PRT / M / 2017 concerning the Implementation of the Domestic
Wastewater Management System, the implementation of construction for the WWTP building
structure includes structural work on domestic wastewater infrastructure and mechanical and
electrical works.
41. The WWTP structure to be built in the locations of RPH Nipah Kuning and Gang Martapura 2
is a domestic wastewater management structure consisting of a physical treatment unit, a biological
treatment unit and a sludge treatment unit.
42. Sewer line network consisting of primary (16.174 km), secondary (19.519 km) and tertiary
networks (201.320 km).
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43. Due to sizing changes, the layout has to be adjusted from Basic Engineering Design. Changes
were made on both Nipah Kuning and Martapura WWTP site including initial layouts optimized with
architectural input both for aesthetics aspects and footprint optimization. Other addec components
are supporting units, utility hangar/buildings, and effluent storage tank for internal reuse. Changes
can be seen on the following figures.

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 Figure 5. Lay Out Drawing of WWTP Development in Nipah Kuning RPH

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 Figure 6. Lay out Drawing of WWTP Development Plan in Gang Martapura 2

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 F. Physical Structure Unit
Pre-treatment.

44. The pre-treatment step focuses on removing larger and coarser materials such as sand and
trash that can damage the processing unit. In this processing, at least a screen unit and a grit
chamber unit are needed to secure the operation of primary and secondary processing. The bar
screen and grit chamber design structure be the below.

Table 6. Physical Processing Unit Building Components (Pre-treatment)

Structure Load Remark
Inlet Pit Walls: lateral pressure of domestic Using reinforced concrete
wastewater (inside), lateral material.
pressure of soil and groundwater Includes pumping station and bar
(outside), uplift force, pumps, screen
discharge gauges, screens,
electrical panels
Bar Screen Wastewater loads, mechanical Made of stainless steel,
screens, pumps reinforced with bar screens.
Installed in inlet pit.
Grit Separator Wall: lateral pressure of domestic Using reinforced concrete
wastewater (inner side), lateral material.
pressure of soil and groundwater
(outer side), uplift force
Closed: traffic flow load
Sand pump
BED WWTP Kota Pontianak, 2021

Table 7. Physical Processing Unit Building Components (First Stage)

Structure Load Design Criteria
Primary Settling Wall: domestic wastewater lateral Using reinforced concrete
Tank pressure (inner side), soil and material
groundwater lateral pressure (outer
side), uplift force, slurry pump,
scrapper, scum pump.

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 Table 8. The Components of the Biological Processing Unit Building (Second Stage)
Structure Load Design Criteria
Anaerobic Tank Wall: domestic wastewater lateral Using reinforced concrete material
pressure (inner side), soil and
Includes fixed/moving bed media
groundwater lateral pressure (outer
for microbial growth
side), uplift force, slurry pump.
10-12% of total bioreactor to
stimulate phosphorus removal.

Aeration Tank 1 Wall: lateral pressure of domestic
wastewater (inner side) lateral
pressure of soil and groundwater
(outer side), uplift force, aerator,
recirculation pump, sludge.
The tank wall is made of reinforced
concrete construction or river stone
masonry.
Includes fixed/moving bed media
for microbial growth

Equipped with Aeration system

(blower + diffuser) (as media
reactor and activated sludge)

45%-60% of overall bioreactor for

carbon removal (as media reactor)
or carbon removal and
denitrification (as activated sludge
reactor)

For activated sludge, can function as

anoxic tank (aeration off).

Aeration Tank 2 Wall: lateral pressure of domestic
wastewater (inner side) lateral
pressure of soil and groundwater
(outer side), uplift force, aerator,
recirculation pump, sludge.
The tank wall is made of reinforced
concrete construction or river stone
masonry.
Includes fixed/moving bed media
for microbial growth

Equipped with Aeration system

(blower + diffuser) (as media
reactor and activated sludge)

25%-45% of overall bioreactor for

nitrification-denitrification (as
media reactor) or nitrification (as
activated sludge reactor)

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 Structure Load Design Criteria
Secondary Settling Tank Wall: domestic wastewater lateral Using reinforced concrete material
pressure (inner side), soil and
groundwater lateral pressure (outer
side), uplift force, slurry pump,
scrapper, scum pump.

Table 9. Building Components of Sludge Treatment Unit (Second Stage)

Structure Load Design Criteria
Thickening Wall: lateral pressure of domestic Using reinforced concrete material.
wastewater (inner side), lateral
pressure of soil and groundwater
(outside), uplift force, domestic
wastewater sludge load, equipment
load (slurry pumps, skimmers, and
scum pumps).
Mechanical Press Wall: hangar for mechanical press Vacuum filter, filter press, screw
building. press, or belt filter press is
mechanical-fabricated units;

Source: BED WWTP Kota Pontianak, 2021

45. Heavy structures will use pre-cast concrete piles (Basic Engineering Design WWTP Pontianak
City, 2020). The considerations are based on high groundwater levels, high tide floods, and seasonal
flooding. Data analysis by civilian and geotechnical experts indicated for the following two locations.
46. The WWTP RPH Nipah Kuning, square piles are used with a size of 35 cm x 35 cm with a
distance between the stakes of 1 meter. The depth of the pile reaches 20 meters from the existing
ground level (21 meters related to landfilling and elevation of the WWTP land), requires 2,271 stakes
(further development will require 1 additional unit set and piling requirements).
47. The WWTP Martapura 2 uses square piles with a size of 35 cm x 35 cm with a distance
between the stakes of 1 meter. Depth of piles reaches 19 meters from the existing ground level (20
meters related to landfilling and elevation of the WWTP land), it requires 2,775 stakes (further
development will require 1 additional unit set and piling requirements).

G. Fecal Sludge Treatment Plan (FSTP)

48. The joint processing facility (Co-treatment) for sludge treatment will be implemented in the
WWTP RPH Nipah Kuning. The sludge treatment will be included as a joint treatment in the planned
WWTP which consists of an additional treatment unit. Currently supernatant co-treatment can be
implemented using the idle capacity of the WWTP, as has been implemented in the WWTP system in
Malaysia. Supernatant co-treatment is safer than releasing sludge from the suction truck directly to
the WWTP, especially given the shock loading and potential delays in the development of the
sewerage pipeline.
49. The technology to be selected must meet Indonesian standards as stated in the Minister of
Public Works Regulation No. 4/2017. The treatment technology to be chosen also needs to consider

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the influent quality of wastewater and effluent quality standards to maintain water quality in the
receiving water body (Kapuas River).
50. The Fecal Sludge Treatment Plan (FSTP) processing will consist of:
1) Thickener unit with lower surface loading and larger size.
2) Mechanical solid-liquid separation.

51. The largest land requirement In the FSTP structure is areal for processing the liquid fraction /
supernatant of fecal sludge. The supernatant separated from the fecal sludge still contains high
organic compounds which need further processing. To reduce site and construction requirements,
advanced technologies will be used such as MBBR. The unit size can be reduced by modification in
the biological process by converting suspended growth to adherent growth.
52. To treat faecal sludge from trucker, added sludge handling unit are required for its
supernatant to be treated at WWTP safely. Stage 1 of co-treatment will have 100 m 3/day capacity,
with additional 100 m3/day capacity built in later stage. This added separate sludge receiving inlet
which can be seen on the following figure.

Figure 7. Faecal sludge handling unit from Truck Inlet

(Source: Basic Engineering Design WWTP Pontianak City)

H. Mechanical and Electrical Works

53. The mechanical and electrical system planning in the WWTP must follow and adjust the
concept and type of wastewater treatment system specified.

Mechanical and electrical work consists of the main system and support systems:
Main System

54. The main system is needed for domestic wastewater treatment to function and operate
properly. The main mechanical and electrical systems include Pump, Screen and Aerator Systems.

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55. The main source of electric power will use a source from PLN and a back-up power using a
Diesel Generator Set (genset). The distribution system usually uses a radial system where the 20 kV
medium voltage PLN power source is lowered to a low voltage 380V / 220V via a transformer. If the
electric power from PLN is interrupted, the electricity supply is provided from the generator as a
backup power source. Especially for essential equipment that must continue to work, such as a
computer network, electricity is provided from the UPS which can supply temporary power needs.

Support System

56. A support system is a complementary system so that all domestic wastewater treatment
systems and their supporting buildings can function according to applicable standards, including
lighting systems, lightning protection systems, and Protection, Detection, Extinguishing, Fire Control
and Fire Control Systems.

I. Sewerage Line Network

57. The total service covered area for Martapura and RPPH system in the first stage is about
1,200 Ha with total sewer line length is 300 Km.

Table 10. Pontianak City Domestic Wastewater sewer line Network

Location WWTP
No. Description
RPH Nipah Kuning Martapura 2

1. Primary Sewer line 6,170 m 3,334.7 m

2. Secondary Sewer Line 10,067.2 m 9,451.3 m

3. Tertiary Sewer Line 157,425.4 m 43,895.1 m

Total length Secondary and

4. 167,492.6 m 53,346.4 m
Tertiary

5. Pilot project House Connection 1,500 SR 1,500 SR

6. Total Potential Connection 27.000 SR 10.000 SR

7. Composition Domestic: 90 % Domestic: 57 %

Commercial: 10 % Commercial: 43 %
8. Dominancy Coverage Housing Complex Commercial area

9. The desire to connect 56 % - 80 % 65 % - 95 %

Pal Lima, Sungai Beliung, Mariana, Darat Sekip, Tengah,

10. District/village Coverage Sungai Jawi Luar dan Sungai Benua Melayu Darat dan Benua
Jawi Dalam. Melayu Laut

Sources: Detail Engineering Design sewer line WWTP Pontianak City, 2020

58. The installation of primary sewer line network stage 1A, for the Martapura system will be
carried out on Jalan Tanjung Pura starting from the Gertak 1 Bridge to Jalan Martapura 2 and for the
RPH system will be installed on the road section between Gertak 1 Bridge to RPH Nipah Kuning along
the road Commodore Yos Sudarso. Meanwhile, secondary, and tertiary sewer line installation will be
carried out in all SPALD phase 1 service areas.

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 Figure 8. Sewer Line Primary Network

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 Figure…..Map of Sewerline Network of Martapura System

Figure….Map of Sewerline Network of RPH System

Figure 9. Sewer Line Secondary Network

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 Figure 10. Sewer Line Tertiary Network

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1. Pipe Material and Construction Method.
59. Based on hydraulic calculation, the system will be using diameter pipe with range from 200
mm – 1,200mm. The pipe material is uPVC for pipe with diameter < 350 mm and above that will
using RCP with epoxy lining inside the pipe.
60. Due to the high traffic condition particularly in primary network, there are 2 options of
construction method will take to be consider i.e open cut and trenchless method. Trenchless method
will use in the road with width above 6m with have a high traffic condition and depth of pipe above
4m. The open cut method uses in condition low traffic condition with depth of pipe below 4m and
width of road below 6m.

2. Manhole and Drop Manhole Complementary Buildings

61. Manholes and drop manholes are part of the domestic wastewater sewer line network
system for adjustment, drainage, checking and maintenance purposes. This building must be
designed against the lateral loads of domestic wastewater, lateral loads to the soil and the water
table. In general, manholes and drop manholes are manufactured (precast) and cast in place (cast in
situ). For the manufacturer (precast) the minimum compressive strength of concrete is K-350, while
if it is cast in situ, the minimum compressive strength of concrete is K-250 and uses sulfate-resistant
concrete. The structural design used by concrete refers to SNI 2847: 2013 concerning Requirements
for Structural Concrete for Buildings.

Figure 11 Typically Manhole dan Drop Manhole

62. The manholes shall be placed on the starting point of sewer, pipe bend, changes in pipe
slope and diameter, a point of difference in invert levels and meeting and branching of pipeline.
Manhole sizes and material are shown in the table below respectively. For straight pipelines,
manhole interval are as shown in
63. Error: Reference source not found.

Table 11. Manhole Size

Pipe Diameter (mm) Manhole Diameter (m)

< 450 1.00

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 Pipe Diameter (mm) Manhole Diameter (m)

450 to 800 1.20

900 to 1.350 1.50

>1.500 Special design

Table 12. Manhole Material

Manhole Depth (m) Manhole Material

0 to 4 RC

>4 RC

Table 13. Manhole interval

Pipe Diameter (mm) Manhole Spacing (m)

200 to 1000 50-100 mm

>1000 200 mm

Note: Large Manhole interval can be applied to pipe jacking method 

3. Open Trench for Secondary and Tertiary Sewer Line

64. The construction method for installing secondary and tertiary sewer line pipes will be carried
out by the open trench method at a shallow depth of 1-3 m and a nominal pipe diameter ranging
from 150 mm to 350 mm. Open trench pipe excavation is only possible for relatively shallow pipe
depths with little disturbance from roads, utilities, and other infrastructure.
65. Excavations of more than 3 m are proposed using no-excavation pipe laying technology. The
goal of trenchless technology is to enable the construction of sewerage in difficult conditions and
situations.

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 IV. DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT

A. Project Area of Influence

66. The targets for service coverage in this BED focuses on two WWTP sites and service area
planned for stage 1, which consists of RPH Nipah Kuning WWTP and Martapura WWTP. Selection of
these locations was decided in the FS, with construction staging and service area development
further detailed in this phase. A separate Detail Engineering Design (DED) is also conducted for
sewer network design.
67. Various options for off-site sanitation systems have been identified and analysed. Key
challenges are the limited availability of land for the construction of wastewater treatment plants,
the flat topographical area, high groundwater level and the soft soil conditions.
68. In order to accommodate FS agreement of having 2 WWTP operational in stage 1, it was
decided that Stage 1 will be divided into Stage 1A and Stage 1B. Stage 1A cover initial area of both
RPH Nipah Kuning and Martapura WWTP service area which can use gravity flow to WWTP, while
stage 1 B will focus on service area expansion for both sites.

B. Physiography and Geology

69. The topography is characterised as flat land surface, around 3 meters above mean sea level.
The shores along the river are affected by tidal river water, and together with high rainfall intensity
often causes flooding.
70. The geological conditions in Pontianak City are peneplain with alluvial sediments from the
Kapuas River (silty clay soils) and peatlands with peat thickness between 1-6 meters. The peat soils
are soft and have a very low carrying capacity, constraining the construction of building structures.
Alluvial (Kahayan) soil composition is mostly located on the banks of the Kapuas River. Soil
composition in the Pontianak City area is dominated by Kahayan alluvial soil types with peat
thickness 26 - 50 centimetres.

C. Meteorology
71. Based on the Schmidt & Ferguson classification, Pontianak city includes Rainfall Type A
because the average dry month (<60 mm) = 0 months and the average wet month (> 60 mm) = 12
months so that Q = 0/12 x 100% = 0%. Meanwhile, according to Oldeman's classification, it is a type
of climate B1, which is wet months (> 200) 6-9 months and dry months (<100) less than 2 months.
The classification map can be seen in the Figure below:

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 Figure 12. Agro-climate Map of West Kalimantan

D. Climate Change and Flood Risk

The description below is summarized from Report Climate Mitigation, Pontianak Wastewater
Project.
72. The land preparation of the two sites must consider the water fluctuations in the Kapuas
River as well as the flooding caused by extreme rainfall. This requires special design considerations
of site/land preparation, grading, and construction activities such as cut fill and foundation work.
73. The proposed wastewater treatment sites at RPH Nipah Kuning and at Martapura are in
flood sensitive areas. The design of these plants must consider the impact of increased flood risks
due to the climate change.
74. Flood risk of Pontianak and WWTP site has been mapped and addressed by Indonesian
National Disaster Management Agency. These maps can be seen on the following figures.

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 The location of the WWTP is in a flooded area, thus
raising the WWTP location above the flood level will
expand flooding in the surrounding area. Therefore,
along with the construction of the WWTP, the drainage
around the WWTP needs to be improved so that it does

Figure 13. RPH Flood Risk Map

The location of the WWTP is in a flooded area, thus

raising the WWTP location above the flood level will
expand flooding in the surrounding area. Therefore,
along with the construction of the WWTP, the
drainage around the WWTP needs to be improved
so that it does not expand the flood area

Figure 14. Martapura Flood Risk Map

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75. Based on flood risk map, both sites Nipah Kuning and Martapura are in flood senstivie areas
with Nipah Kuning has a higher risk due to being more downstream and affected by high tide. Aside
of these flood risk, climate change aspect such as more frequent peak rain and sea level rise (high
tide level rise) has to be addressed. More conservative approach than existing urban drainage
master plan has to be considered.

76. During FS, it was considered that increasing WWTP area level is required due to part of both
WWTP sites are still affected by tidal level. During BED, consideration to increase level higher were
made with several baseline information:

 Pontianak city urban drainage master plan in 2017. In this report, it was stated that the
highest level of flood affected by tidal is at 1.44-meter above sea level (asl). Average tidal
level was recorded at 0.9-meter asl.

 In December 2020, a record tidal flash flood occurred in Pontianak. Reports and news outlets
confirm that it reached 1.7-meter asl. This resulted in increase of baseline number to this
level instead of level stated from 2017 Master Plan.

 During draft final workshop conducted in February 2021, Pontianak Environmental Agency
(DLH) claimed that the flood reached 2.1-meter asl. However, PPC cannot confirm this
information and obtain references and record on this information.

 Considering the specificity of sea level rise in various region it was opted that a generic
number for Indonesia are not used (i.e., NCICD’s 8 mm/year; BPPT’s 1 cm/year).

77. However, specific studies for sea level rises in West Kalimantan Bay are not found. A joint
study between University of Colorado Boulder, Indonesian Geospatial Information Agency, and
Bogor Institute of Agriculture published a paper on sea level rise trend in various area in Southeast
Asia. This study suggests that West Kalimantan Bay are under South China Sea group of sea level rise
trend which range between 3-5 mm/year in term of sea level rise (Strassburg et al., 2015).

Sources: Strassburg et al, 2015

Figure 15. Sea level rise trend in study area

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78. Based on study data, using 5 mm/year as sea level rise in West Kalimantan can be used as
save value.
79. Consideration of Climate Change and Flood Risk Impact, Design Implications are as follows:

1. Peak flood level in 100 years: +2.2m ASL (1.7m ASL + 0.5m)
2. Design ground level +2.7 m ASL (+0.5m)
3. Design discharge head +2.735m ASL.
4. WWTP reactor tanks propounded 2 meters to +4.7m ASL

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Figure 16. WWTP Design Level Considered Flood Risk

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 E. Rainfall
80. Based on rainfall data from 2010 to 2019, the average monthly rainfall ranges from 211.4 -
367.2 mm. The lowest average rainfall occurs in April, 210.5 mm, while the wettest month is in
November, 367.2 mm. Rainfall data on Pontianak City presented as below:

Table 14. Rainfall (mm) in Ten years 2010 - 2019

Month
Years
Jan Feb Mar Apr Mei Jun Jul Agu Sep Oct Nov Dec
2010 207.2 272.4 357.6 124.5 151.8 274.3 449.9 310.2 336.7 177.3 364.7 280.5
2011 259.5 152.9 175.7 167.6 297.4 141.4 287.2 193.6 203 373.1 397.8 320.1
2012 248.4 368.1 205.7 242.2 263.1 164.0 238 142.5 131.6 507.4 529.2 509.5
2013 130.7 340.6 187.7 386.2 297.7 100.6 238 142.5 242.3 283.8 303 413.9
2014 159.0 148.0 249.6 198.6 270.2 254.1 104.6 460.8 202.8 270.1 518.2 213.2
2015 190.3 104.7 0 0 0 0 0 178 195 270.4 275.5 237.5
2016 433.8 328.3 267.2 332.5 429.5 291.8 275.7 132.8 212.2 210.5 219.9 300.3
2017 140.2 191.0 372.2 101.5 267.4 240.4 321.8 510.5 158.6 168.9 247.2 196.8
2018 455.0 103.5 234.1 252.9 549.8 400.4 156.5 128.0 319.2 515.8 428.8 449.3
2019 198.5 247.7 107.5 299.2 246.7 515.8 227.9 102.3 112.3 582.3 387.5 584.1
Average 242.3 225.7 215.7 210.5 277.4 238.3 230 230.1 211.4 336 367.2 350.5
Sources: Pontianak Maritime Meteorological Station, 2020

F. Air Temperature
81. Based on temperature data 10 years (2010-2019) from the Pontianak Maritime
Meteorological Station, the average lowest temperature was 26.59 oC and the highest temperature
was 29.04oC. The lowest temperature occurred in January, while the highest temperature occurred
in August.

Table 15. Air Temperature During the Last 10 Years (2010-2019)

Month
Years
Jan Feb Mar Apr Mei Jun Jul Agt Sep Oct Nov Dec
2010 27.20 27.75 28.03 28.68 28.71 28.18 27.20 27.76 27.08 27.67 26.81 26.78
2011 26.81 27.12 27.59 28.21 28.35 28.26 28.30 28.40 28.32 27.07 27.20 27.20
2012 26.51 26.62 26.70 27.45 27.49 27.46 26.56 26.55 27.29 26.88 27.05 26.69
2013 26.96 27.00 27.28 27.38 27.48 27.62 26.66 29.87 26.94 27.24 26.69 26.47
2014 26.70 27.82 27.71 27.87 28.17 28.64 29.29 27.59 28.31 27.81 26.87 27.06
2015 27.71 23.73 0.00  0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 30.75 28.69 28.06 27.17 27.64
2016 27.55 27.28 27.26 28.39 28.08 27.41 28.51 29.50 28.49 25.16 26.25 27.55
2017 23.10 25.90 27.66 27.99 23.45 28.44 28.13 27.68 27.95 27.68 27.41 27.44
2018 27.02 27.30 27.72 28.02 27.73 27.89 29.00 28.95 27.96 27.03 27.12 26.90
2019 26.35 27.25 28.14 28.18 28.00 27.98 28.37 33.35 27.87 26.91 27.44 26.86
Average 26.59 26.78 27.57 28.02 27.50 27.99 28.00 29.04 27.89 27.15 27.00 27.06

Source: Pontianak Maritime Meteorological Station, 2020

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 G. Wind Speed and Wind Direction
82. The minimum and maximum average wind speed for 10 years (2010-2019) in Pontianak City
based on data from the Pontianak Maritime Meteorological Station is 1.20 m / s to 1.70 m / s. The
lowest wind speed occurs in June and the highest wind speed occurs in January. Judging from the
data for the last 10 years, the wind direction at the activity location varies, with the tendency of the
wind to blow to the South except for February, April, May, and December towards the Northeast,
March, and November towards the east and January towards west direction. Wind direction and
wind speed greatly affect the distribution pattern of pollutants that cause air pollution that will be
scattered around the location of the activity.

Table 16. Wind Speed Last 10 Years (2010-2019)

Month
Years
Jan Feb Mar Apr Mei Jun Jul Agt Sep Okt Nov Des
2010 1.32 0.79 1.42 1.53 1.19 1.13 1.39 1.19 1.13 1.29 1.50 1.61
2011 1.83 1.86 2.35 2.20 1.94 1.67 1.74 1.87 1.87 1.42 1.83 1.81
2012 2.52 2.03 1.20 0.57 1.16 1.47 1.81 1.81 1.90 1.68 1.77 1.71
2013 2.32 1.86 1.58 1.77 1.81 1.20 1.65 1.42 1.76 1.71 1.70 1.87
2014 2.53 2.25 1.84 1.53 1.74 1.74 1.97 1.83 1.83 1.68 1.67 1.71
2015 2.27 1.17 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.75 1.47 1.29 1.40 1.55
2016 1.13 1.45 1.45 1.30 1.13 1.20 1.16 1.32 1.37 1.21 1.05 1.14
2017 1.24 1.56 1.16 1.17 1.37 1.03 1.16 0.97 0.94 0.97 0.97 1.19
2018 1.10 1.50 1.10 0.90 0.65 0.83 0.94 1.06 0.83 0.74 0.57 0.65
2019 0.73 0.68 1.00 0.83 0.43 0.50 0.87 1.03 0.97 0.61 0.57 0.90
Mean 1.70 1.52 1.46 1.31 1.27 1.20 1.41 1.43 1.41 1.26 1.30 1.41
Wind North- North- North- South South South South North-
West east South East
direction east east east east
Source: Pontianak Maritime Meteorological Station, 2020

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 H. Humidity
83. The average humidity for 10 years (2010-2019) in Pontianak City based on data from the
Pontianak Maritime Meteorological Station is in the range of 70.75% - 85.39%. The lowest air
humidity occurs in July and the highest air humidity occurs in November.

Table 17. Humidity of Air Last 10 Years (2010-2019)

Month
Years
Jan Feb Mar Apr Mei Jun Jul Agt Sep Oct Nov Dec
2010 84.81 84.57 81.87 79.93 81.29 81.10 83.58 80.97 84.27 81.81 85.50 84.71
2011 82.71 82.04 80.39 79.97 80.06 79.93 78.55 77.23 78.60 84.81 84.33 83.87
2012 82.39 83.28 79.90 81.83 78.45 74.97 78.55 76.16 76.63 84.61 86.13 85.90
2013 79.16 83.43 78.90 82.23 82.61 74.07 77.94 75.77 80.14 79.94 83.13 86.06
2014 80.10 77.36 82.42 82.13 81.13 79.67 75.39 82.00 78.27 82.55 86.37 84.90
2015 75.25 76.29 0 0 0 0 0 75.16 77.4 83.16 86.26 82.29
2016 84.29 85.83 82.33 79.45 84.39 79.66 79.45 73.74 78.43 81.64 86.17 86.10
2017 79.86 82.67 82.84 82.13 83.93 80.23 81.06 82.87 82.10 84.10 85.43 84.19
2018 86.29 82.71 83.03 83.50 84.61 83.03 76.39 75.23 80.37 85.52 85.57 85.68
2019 82.19 84.68 79.48 81.93 79.80 82.47 76.58 76.06 80.13 87.29 85.00 86.23
Average 81.71 82.29 73.12 73.31 73.63 71.51 70.75 77.52 79.63 83.54 85.39 84.99
Source: Pontianak Maritime Meteorological Station, 2020

I. Air Quality
84. To determine the environmental component of air quality in the study area, measurements
of ambient air quality were carried out at the WWTP RPH Nipah Kuning , WWTP Martapura and the
sewer line network route by referring to Government Regulation No. 41 of 1999 concerning Air
Pollution Control.

Table 18. Air Quality Sampling Points

Coordinat
No Sampling Locations Code
X Y
0 0
1 Inside Areal WWTP RPH U1 00 00’01,49”S 109 17’24,77”E
2 Setlement near RPH U2 00000’11,14”S 109017’19,47”E
3 Intersection Jalan Tebu U3 00000’24,80”S 109018’37,93”E
4 Gertak 1 (Pelindo II) U4 00001’02,52”S 109019’56,40”E
5 Intersection Diponogoro U5 00001’37,62”S 109020’34,05”E
6 Martapura Setlement U6 00002’17,55”S 109020’52,59”E
7 Inside Area WWTP Martapura U7 00002’13,93”S 109020’58,74”E
Source: Amdal Study, 2020

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Figure 17. Air Quality Sampling Documentation (27-28 October 2020)

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Figure 18. Air Quality Sampling Point

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 85. The results of the air quality laboratory analysis at the 7 locations are as follows:

Table 19. Air Quality Laboratory Analysis Result

Stan Analysis Result on Location

No. Parameter Unit
dard U1 U2 U3 U4 U5 U6 U7
1 Wind Speed m/s - 0,50 1,10 0,90 1,30 0,63 0,60 0,80
2 Air Pressure mmHg - 755,76 755,53 755,60 755,93 756,80 757,40 758,10
51,03 44,93 58,50 64,60 54,75 57,85
3 Humidity % - 51,56
%
4 Weather - - Clear Clear Clear Clear Clear Clear Clear
5 Temperature ◦C - 37,67 39,16 35,26 33,33 31,16 35,60 35,10
6 Sulfur dioxide (SO2) µg/Nm3 900 21,70 2430 28,30 28,90 29,30 24,30 21,70
Carbon Monoxide 30.0 515,26 5407,8 4006,1 3620,4 28,28 11,80
7 µg/Nm3 408,06
(CO) 00 9 9 8
Nitrogen Dioxide 1,40 1,68 1,98 1,41 1,10
8 µg/Nm3 400 1,42 1,38
(NO2)
9 Ozone O3 µg/Nm3 235 0,80 0,78 0,79 0,95 1,20 0,82 0,62
10 Hydrocarbon µg/Nm3 160 0,50 0,51 0,49 0,60 0,70 0,53 0,40
11 Dust (TSP) µg/Nm3 230 34,89 108,06 58,69 103,09 70,96 39,96 58,46
< < < 0,010 < < <
12 Lead (Pb) µg/Nm3 2 < 0,010
0,010 0,010 0,010 0,010 0,010
13 Total Fluoride (F) µg/Nm3 3 1,20 1,10 1,40 1,20 1,10 1,20 0,98
µg / 100 0,90 0,90 0,74 0,90 0,80
14 Flour Index 40 0,80 0,90
cm3
Chlorine and 0,80 0,80 0,50 0,64 0,60
15 µg/Nm3 150 0,48 0,48
Chlorine Dioxide
µg SO2/ 0,48 0,49 0,39 0,40 0,37
16 Sulphate Index 1 0,37 0,42
100 cm3
Particle <10-unit PM 70,20 67,10 46,10 26,01 38,10
17 µg/Nm3 150 22,7 38,20
10
Particle <2.5-unit 28,0 26,80 18,50 10,20 15,20
18 µg/Nm3 65 9,10 15,10
PM 2.5
Source: PT. Sucofindo (Persero), 2020
Remarks: Based on Government Regulation No. 41 Years 1999 Regarding Air Pollution Control

J. Noise In the Study Area

86. The noise level that arises from the construction of a centralized domestic wastewater
management system in Pontianak City is from the activity / mobilization of vehicles such as two-
wheeled vehicles, four-wheeled vehicles or more, from WWTP construction activities, pipe network
installation. Noise level is measured and analyzed based on the minister of environment's decree
number 48 of 1996 concerning noise level quality standards. The location of the noise level
measurement can be seen in the following table:

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 Table 20. Location of Noise Level Measurement

Coordinate
No Sampling Location Code
X Y
0 0
1 WWTP RPH site B1 00 00’01,49”S 109 17’24,77”E
0
2 Settlements around the site RPH B2 00 00’11,14”S 109017’19,47”E
3 Cross Road Jalan Tebu B3 00000’24,80”S 109018’37,93”E
4 Gertak 1 (Pelindo II) B4 00001’02,52”S 109019’56,40”E
5 Cross Road on Diponegoro B5 00001’37,62”S 109020’34,05”E
6 Settlements around the site B6 00002’17,55”S 109020’52,59”E
Martapura
7 WWTP Martapura site B7 00002’13,93”S 109020’58,74”E

Table 21. Result of Noise Level Measurement

No. Sampling Locations Unit Standards Result

1 WWTP RPH site dB(A) 55 50,30

2 Settlements around the site RPH dB(A) 55 59,40
3 Cross Road Jalan Tebu dB(A) 55 72,10
4 Gertak 1 (Pelindo II) dB(A) 55 73,20
5 Cross Road on Diponegoro dB(A) 55 74,50
6 Settlements around the site Martapura dB(A) 55 59,30
7 WWTP Martapura site dB(A) 55 50,90
Source: Laboratory Analysist PT. Sucofindo (Persero), 2020
Remark: Based on the Environmental Ministerial Decree No.Kep. 48/MENLH/II/1996 Regarding Noise
Level Quality Standards:
a. Housing and Settlement : 55 dB (A)
b. outdoor : 55 dB (A)
c. Industry : 70 dB (A)

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 Figure 19. Noise Level on Study Area
87. The results of noise level measurements at the WWTP RPH Nipah Kuning (B1) location and
the measurement locations at the WWTP Martapura (B7) were still below the environmental quality
standard, namely 55 dB A, for residential locations in the Martapura area and RPH Nipah Kuning
exceeded the environmental quality standards, this is caused by the activity of passing vehicles. So, it
is necessary to carry out mitigation and monitoring during construction.

K. Odor
88. Odor quality standards refer to the Decree of the Minister of Environment Number 50 of
1996 concerning Odor Quality Standards. The source of smell from domestic waste management
activities comes from WWTP. Around the location of the Martapura WWTP and WWTP RPH Nipah
Kuning there are settlements (50 meter length from center of WWTP), so that when operational it is
possible that smells will arise. The results of odorant / odor measurements carried out at the WWTP
location and settlement locations around the WWTP as an initial environmental baseline are as
follows:

Table 22. Location of ODOR Measurement

No Sampling Coordinate
Sampling Location
Code X Y
1 Lokasi WWTP RPH K1 00000’01,49”S 109017’24,77”E
2 Permukiman Sekitar RPH K2 00000’11,14”S 109017’19,47”E
3 Lokasi WWTP Martapura K3 00002’13,93”S 109020’58,74”E
4 Permukiman Martapura K4 00002’17,55”S 109020’52,59”E

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 Table 23. Odor Measurement Result (Odoran)
Standard
Odor Result Analysist (ppm)
No Parameter (ppm)
K1 K2 K3 K4
1 Amoniak (Nh3) 0,80 0,64 0,10 0,10 2
2 Hidrogen Sulfida (H2S) < 0,0050 < 0,0050 < 0,0050 < 0,0050 0,02
3 Metil Merkapta (CH3SH) < 0,0010 < 0,0010 < 0,0010 < 0,0010 0,002
4 Metil Sulfida ((CH3)2S) < 0,0050 < 0,0050 < 0,0050 < 0,0050 0,02
5 Stirena (C6H5CHH2) < 0,050 < 0,050 < 0,050 < 0,050 0,1
Source: Laboratory Analysist PT. Sucofindo (Persero), 2020
Remark: Based on the Environmental Ministerial Decree No. 50 Years 1996 About Odor Quality
Standards.

89. The impact of odor on nearby settlements (±50 m) is insignificant for the following reasons:

1. No methane builds up in WWTP as no anaerobic digestion process are implemented in Feasibility

Study and Basic Engineering Design.
2. No special odor handling is required:
a. Low sewer septicity (no extensive pumping and anaerobic situation)
b. No extensive anaerobic process and digestion in WWTP
c. Bidet culture: minimum toilet paper and clog/fatberg built up in sewer line and influent.
d. Odor handling proposed: distancing reactor and inlet from housing, enclosed screen,
omitting odor producing process (anaerobic digestions, drying bed for primary sludge).
90. The mitigation and environmental monitoring plan must be carried out during the operation
phase, because the WWTP location is close to settlements.

L. Green House Gases (GHG’s)

91. Based on WWTP Final report (part of climate change report) state that GHG’s from process
can be calculated from model: ~753 kg/d CO per module (12 MLD). GHG’s from on-site sanitation
2
process can be simulated from septic tank biogas (CH 4 + CO2) emission + FSTP emissions compared
to CO emission from WWTP.
2
92. GHG’s from power consumption:
a. Must be reevaluated from Pontianak City grid power mix.
b. Savings made from solar panel per module are available in BED design, actual GHG’s
calculated from power mix saved by using solar panel.
c. Comparison can also be made with on-site sanitation by comparing WWTP power
consumption with desludging truck + FSTP power consumption.

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 M. Vibration
93. The resulting vibration is a rhythmic vibration that repeats itself at any time that propagates
from the center of activity in all directions. Sources of vibration can be caused by mobilization of
heavy equipment, foundation erection activities, primary and secondary pipe installation process
vehicles.
94. The description of the vibration level in the planned activity area is obtained through
measurement results at 7 (seven) locations where the vibration measurement location is the same
as the air quality and noise level measurement location. The locations of vibration level
measurements can be seen in the following table:

Table 24. Vibration Sampling Location

Coordinate
No Sampling Location
X Y
1 Lokasi WWTP RPH 00000’01,49”S 109017’24,77”E
2 Permukiman Sekitar RPH 00000’11,14”S 109017’19,47”E
3 Simpang Jalan Tebu 00000’24,80”S 109018’37,93”E
4 Gertak 1 (Pelindo II) 00001’02,52”S 109019’56,40”E
5 Simpang Diponogoro 00001’37,62”S 109020’34,05”E
6 Permukiman Martapura 00002’17,55”S 109020’52,59”E
7 Lokasi WWTP Martapura 00002’13,93”S 109020’58,74”E

Table 25. Vibration Measurement Result on Study Area

Nilai Tingkat Getaran dalam Mikro (10-6 meter)

No Sampling Location Vibration
Frekuensi Tidak Tidak
Mengganggu Menyakitkan
(Hz) Mengganggu Menyakitkan

1 Lokasi WWTP RPH 0,00 4 <100 100 – 500 >500 – 1000 >1000
2 Permukiman Sekitar RPH 0,20 4 <100 100 – 500 >500 – 1000 >1000

3 Simpang Jalan Tebu 0,01 4 <100 100 – 500 >500 – 1000 >1000

4 Gertak 1 (Pelindo II) 0,02 4 <100 100 – 500 >500 – 1000 >1000

5 Simpang Diponogoro 0,00 4 <100 100 – 500 >500 – 1000 >1000

6 Permukiman Martapura 0,00 4 <100 100 – 500 >500 – 1000 >1000

7 Lokasi WWTP Martapura 0,00 4 <100 100 – 500 >500 – 1000 >1000
Source: Laboratory Analysist PT. Sucofindo (Persero), 2020
Remark: Quality Standards for Vibration Levels Based on MENLH Number Kep. 49 / MENLH / 11/1996. The results of the initial measurement of the
vibration at the location of the activity plan show the value, the overall value of the vibration is still in the category of not disturbing (<100 x 10-6 m).

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 N. Ecological Resources
95. The aquatic ecosystem in the study area is a freshwater ecosystem, most of which is
influenced by the presence of the Kapuas River. The study of aquatic biota is intended to determine
the condition of river waters and its relation to water quality which will determine the biotic
components that can live in the aquatic ecosystem. Biotic components in aquatic ecosystems include
plankton, benthos and nekton / fish.

1. Surface Water Quality

96. The impact of decreasing surface water quality will result from human activities. Household
waste is the largest waste in the city of Pontianak. The existing canal in Pontianak City is a tertiary
channel whose discharge ends and empties into the Kapuas River.
97. Surface water quality samples were taken once at the time of the study and continued with
the analysis in an accredited laboratory. Sampling was carried out in the Canal and The Kapuas River
near the WWTP location of RPH Nipah Kuning and WWTP Martapura as well as the trenches through
which pipelines pass.

Table 26. Water Quality Sampling Point

Sampling Coordinate
No Sampling Location
Code X Y
1 Kapuas River insite WWTP RPH A1 00000’02,46”S 109017’25,31”E
2 Canal Simpang Jalan Karet (Sungai Serok) A2 00000’28,20”S 109017’48,96”E
3 Canal Simpang Tebu A3 00000’24,37”S 109018’37,81”E
4 Canal Sungai Jawi A4 00001’19,57”S 109019’57,60”E
5 Canal (Simpang Jalan Diponogoro) A5 00001’37,62”S 109020’34,05”E
6 Canal (Tokaya (Martapura) A6 00002’15,43”S 109020’49,73”E
7 Kapuas River on Site WWTP Martapura A7 00002’13,11”S 109020’59,46”E

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 Table 27. Water Quality Analysist Result

Result Quality Standard Kelas

Parameter Unit
A6 A7 II
A1 A2 A3 A4 A5
Physical
Temperature °C 24,90 26,30 25,90 25,70 25,20 25,00 24,20 Normal ± 3
Dissolved Solid mg/L 80,00 108,00 92,00 80,00 66,00 68,00 110.00 1000
Suspended Solid mg/L 22,00 26,00 32,00 30,00 28,00 36,00 34,00 50
Chemical anorganik
pH - 5,84 5,46 5,50 5,28 5,52 5,74 5,50 6 ̶ 9
BOD5 days 20 °C mg/L 30,45 1,33 1,32 4,04 1,37 4,30 6,86 3
COD by K2Cr2O7 mg/L 177,01 7,70 7,70 23,00 7,70 23,00 38,48 25
Dissolved Oxygen mg/L 3,19 1,19 1,14 2,43 1,48 1,43 2,63 4
Total Phosphate as P mg/L 0,3771 0,3521 0,4066 0,3882 0,3063 0,4221 0,4017 0,2
Nitrate as N mg/L 3,9071 3,4061 3,5526 3,4072 4,1016 4,0071 3,7083 10
Ammonia mg/L 0,0450 0,0524 0,0297 0,0367 0,0583 0,0251 0,0364 -
Arsenic Dissolved mg/L < 0,0010 < 0,0010 < 0,0010 < 0,0010 < 0,0010 < 0,0010 < 0,0010 1
Cobalt Dissolved mg/L < 0,0010 < 0,0010 < 0,0010 < 0,0010 < 0,0010 < 0,0010 < 0,0010 0,2
Barium mg/L < 0,0010 < 0,0010 < 0,0010 < 0,0010 < 0,0010 < 0,0010 < 0,0010 -
Boron Dissolved mg/L 0,0797 0,0683 0,5535 0,8892 0,3730 0,3010 0,5428 1
Selenium Dissolved mg/L < 0,0010 < 0,0010 < 0,0010 < 0,0010 < 0,0010 < 0,0010 < 0,0010 0,05
Cadmium Dissolved mg/L < 0,0010 < 0,0010 < 0,0010 < 0,0010 < 0,0010 < 0,0010 < 0,0010 0,01
Chrommium Hexavalent mg/L < 0,0010 < 0,0010 < 0,0010 < 0,0010 < 0,0010 < 0,0010 < 0,0010 0,05
Copper Dissolved mg/L < 0,0010 < 0,0010 < 0,0010 < 0,0010 < 0,0010 < 0,0010 < 0,0010 0,02
Iron Dissolved mg/L 2,0791 2,3242 1,6936 1,7397 1,4069 1,4655 1,7601 -

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 Result Quality Standard Kelas
Parameter Unit
A6 A7 II
A1 A2 A3 A4 A5
Lead Dissolved mg/L 0,1189 0,0661 0,1099 < 0,0010 0,0092 0,0489 0,0333 0,03
Manganese Dissolved mg/L 0,0186 0,0127 0,0027 0,0067 < 0,0010 0,0058 0,0110 -
Mercury Dissolved mg/L < 0,0002 < 0,0002 < 0,0002 < 0,0002 < 0,0002 < 0,0002 < 0,0002 0,002
Zinc Dissolved mg/L < 0,0010 < 0,0010 < 0,0010 < 0,0010 < 0,0010 < 0,0010 < 0,0010 0,05
Chloride mg/L 14,12 15,84 17,13 17,40 14,76 25,84 18,43 -
Cyanide mg/L < 0,0010 < 0,0010 < 0,0010 < 0,0010 < 0,0010 < 0,0010 < 0,0010 0,02
Fluoride mg/L 0,0306 0,0345 0,0381 0,0266 0,0272 0,0216 0,0288 1,5
Nitrite as N mg/L < 0,020 < 0,020 < 0,020 < 0,020 < 0,020 < 0,020 < 0,020 0,06
Sulfate mg/L 30,4072 31,4885 26,3776 27,1226 25,3011 29,4672 32,2117 -
Free Chlorine mg/L 0,0070 0,0079 0,0086 0,0087 0,0074 0,0079 0,0091 0,03
Sulfur as H2S mg/L < 0,0020 < 0,0020 < 0,0020 < 0,0020 < 0,0020 < 0,0020 < 0,0020 0,002
Mikrobiologi
Faecal Coliform per 100 ml 28 30 26 34 29 25 27 1000
Total Coliform per 100 ml 131 132 121 137 130 120 126 5000
Kimia organic
Oil & Grease µg/L 200 200 200 200 200 200 200 1000
Surfactans Anionic as MBAS µg/L 46,31 47,72 50,30 48,82 52,76 41,71 66.16 200
Phenolic Compound µg/L < 0,9 < 0,5 < 0,5 < 0,5 < 0,5 < 0,5 < 0,5 1
Source: Laboratory Analysist PT. Sucofindo (Persero), 2020
Remark: Test Parameters and Surface Water Quality Standards Based on PP. 82 of 2001 concerning Water Quality Management and Water Pollution Control

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98. The laboratory test results show that there are several parameters that are above the
quality standards stipulated by Government Regulation No. 82 of 2001 concerning Water Quality
Management and Water Pollution Control, Class II Water Category. Several parameters that exceed
the quality standard include BOD5, COD, DO, pH and Total Phosphate, while the physical and
microbiological parameters are still below the quality standard.
99. Few secondary data on Kapuas River quality can be found in academic publications. As
example: WATER QUALITY OF THE KAPUAS KECIL RIVER DOWNSTREAM AT TIDAL AND LOWER
CONDITIONS (Purnaini, et al., 2017); Kapuas River Water Quality as an Indicator of Environmental
Management Conditions in the West Kalimantan Region (Susilowati, 2014). Based on the both
publication are indicates pollution from domestic waste water in to Canal and river on Pontianak City
100. While significant pollutant load can be achieved with developed sanitation systems,
monitoring significant impact directly on Kapuas River could be problematic for the following
reasons:
a. Kapuas River spans 1,143 km with 98,749 km 2 basin.
b. Pontianak is in downstream of Kapuas River, with influent stream already contaminated
from sanitation issues upstream.
c. Proposed during BED: Tangible impact can better be monitored on local streams in
Pontianak City (i.e. Canal Tokaya and Jawi River).

101. Table 25 is the summarized of water quality monitoring in Tokaya canals and Jawi rivers
near the settlement, which was carried out in the basic engineering design phase of the Pontianak
City WWTP:

Figure 20. Sampling point surface water on Canal and Stream at Pontianak City

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 Table 28. Surface Water Quality on Local stream (Canal Tokaya and Jawi River)

DO Stream
BOD COD NH3-N TN TP Total Coliform (mg classifica
Sampling Point
(mg/l) (mg/l) (mg/l) (mg/l) (mg/l) (MPN/100ml) /l) tion (PP
22/2021)
RPH upstream (Tokaya III
4.5 24 0.03 3.15 0.34 101 3
canal)
RPH downstream 3 III
5.5 29 0.04 3.18 0. 35 117
(Tokaya canal)
MTP upstream (Jawi 3 IV
6.8 39 0.04 3.25 0.34 120
River)
MTP downstream (Jawi 3 III
4.5 24 0.03 3.13 0.35 112
River)

Source: Basic engineering design WWTP Pontianak City, 2021

102. Nutrient and Phosphate. Based on simulation (no FSTP co-treatment) on basic engineering design report, the Nutrient and phosphate discharge
loading prediction is following:
Total Phosphate, influent: 9 mg/l; effluent: 2 mg/l – eutrophication related.
Total KN, influent: 85 mg/l; effluent is:
1. Total Neff: 29.4 mg/l
2. Ammonia (NH4-N) eff: 0.9 mg/l -> eutrophication related
3. Nitrite (NO2-N)eff: 0.3 mg/l -> carcinogenic
4. Filtered TKNeff: 3.3 mg/l
5. Nitrate (NO3-N) Neff: 25.5 mg/l

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103. The results of modeling nutrient content for several conditions in the WWTP RPH and
Martapura are shown in the following table:

Table 29. Results of Modelling Nutrient Content for Several Conditions in the WWTP RPH and
Martapura

Parameter Load at 12 Load at 24 Load at 36 Load at 9 Load at 1.5

MLD MLD MLD MLD MLD
(1 module) (RPH Final) (MTP Final) (Stage 1A) (Pilot)

TP 24 kg/d 48 kg/d 72 kg/d 18 kg/d 3 kg/d

(NH4-N) 10.8 kg/d 21.6 kg/d 32.4 kg/d 8.1 kg/d 1.35 kg/d

(NO3-N) 306 kg/d 612 kg/d 918 kg/d 229.5 kg/d 38.25 kg/d

TN 352.8 kg/d 705.6 kg/d 1058.4 kg/d 264.6 kg/d 58.8 kg/d

Sources: Basic engineering design WWTP Kota Pontianak, 2020

2. Ground Water Quality

104. Ground water quality on the Pontianak City Affected by the following natural conditions:
1. Existing groundwater is affected by peat soil (low pH, high organic and nutrient)
2. With poor peat condition, historically it is not used by public, and not monitored by
government agencies.
3. Data will have to be explored from academic publications, which might not suit analysis
requirements (i.e. coliform, N, P, COD). Currently found publications:
a. From Peningkatan Kualitas Air Tanah Gambut dengan Menggunakan Metode
Elektrokoagulasi (Rasidah, et al., 2017): pH: 4.5 ; TDS: 1000 mg/l ; Color (Pt.Co): 105
b. From PENENTUAN KARAKTERISTIK AIR GAMBUT DI KOTA PONTIANAK DAN KABUPATEN
KUBURAYA (A’idah, et al., 2018).

Table 30. Ground water quality on Pontianak City

No Peat water Sample Sample Sampel Sampel Sampel Sampel Sampel
characteristic I II III IV V VI VII
1 Turbidity 7.50 4.14 4.54 41.4 2.83 55 NTU 28.5 NTU
NTU NTU NTU NTU NTU
2 Conductivity 82.2 44.5 41.7 1.31 2.83 27 42µS/cm
µS/cm µS/cm µS/cm µS/cm µS/cm µS/cm
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 No Peat water Sample Sample Sampel Sampel Sampel Sampel Sampel
characteristic I II III IV V VI VII
3 pH 5.7 4 4 4.5 4.9 4.8 4.9
4 Colour Brown Brown Brown Brown Brown Brown Brown
5 Odour and No No No No No No No Odour
flavour Odour Odour Odour Odour Odour Odour and No
and No and No and No and No and No and No Flavour
Flavour Flavour Flavour Flavour Flavour Flavour
6 Organic 11 mg/L 14 mg/L 13 mg/L 15 mg/L 16 mg/L 15 mg/L 15 mg/L
matters
7 Total 986 816 754 1302 590 896 1194
Hardness mg/L mg/L mg/L mg/L mg/L mg/L mg/L
8 Calcium 16 mg/L 39 mg/L 18 mg/L 41 mg/L - 8 mg/L 11 mg/L
9 Fe 1.94 2.20 2.21 2.24 2.23 4.55 4.63
mg/L mg/L mg/L mg/L mg/L mg/L mg/L
Sources: Pontianak Environmental Office

3. Biota and Plankton

105. The study of aquatic biota is intended to determine the condition of river waters and its
relation to water quality which will determine the biotic components that can live in the aquatic
ecosystem. Biotic components in aquatic ecosystems include plankton, benthos, and nekton / fish.
106. The results of planktonic analysis ranged from 3 to 13 genera and the number of
individuals / litters ranged from 30 to 360 individuals. The diversity index (H ') ranges from 0.2986 to
1.4994, the diversity index range is in the low category. The following is the level of diversity
according to Kaswaji (1976):

Table 31. Diversity Level

Diversity Index Diversity Level
0 ≤ H’ ≤ 2,303 Diversity Level Low
2,303 ≤ H’ ≤ 6,909 Diversity Level Medium
H’ > 6,909 Diversity Level Hight

107. For the evenness index of the observed results at the study location ranging from 0.0087 to
0.2950, this is categorized as low uniformity, the individual wealth owned by each type is different,
the environmental conditions are unstable due to pressure.

Table 32. Uniformity Level

Uniformity Uniformity Level
Index
0 ≤ E ≤ 0,4 Low uniformity, the individual wealth possessed by each
type is different, the environmental conditions are unstable

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 due to pressure.
0,4 ≤ E ≤ 0,6 Medium uniformity, environmental conditions are not very
stable
0,6 ≤ E ≤ 1,0 High uniformity, the number of individuals in each species is
relatively the same, the difference is not too striking, the
environmental conditions are stable

4. Protected Area

108. The proximity of the Wastewater Management System Site in The Pontianak City to Key
Biodiversity Areas (KBA) and National Protected Areas has been analysed using the Integrated
Biodiversity Assessment Tool (IBAT) within radius 50 km. The IBAT Proximity Report (attached in
Annex) shows that there are no Key Biodiversity Area or Protected Areas within a radius of 10 km
from the site. The nearest of such areas is Mandor Nature Reserve approx. 30 km north and Rawa di
Pesisir Kapuas as Key Biodiversity Area approx. 25 – 30 km south and southeast of the Site (See
figure below).
109. Mandor Nature Reserve is a 3.080 ha Nature Reserve Area based on Minister of Agriculture
Decree No. 757/Kpts/Um/10/1982. The Nature Reserve Area is located in Mandor Sub District,
Landak District. The ecosystem type in Mandor Nature Reserve consists of peat swamp forest,
lowland rain forest and kerangas forest
(https://sporckalbar.wordpress.com/kawasan-konservasi/cagar-alam-mandor/). Based on proximity
report of IBAT, Mandor Nature Reserve includes as category III in IUCN Protected Area Category.
110. Rawa di Pesisir Kapuas is a part of Kapuas watershed dominated by peat swamp forest
ecosystem. Refer to IBAT proximity report, this area is confirmed as important bird area (IBA).

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 Figure 21. Integrated Biodiversity Assessment Tool (IBAT) within radius 50 km from Project Site

(Source: IBAT Proximity Report2021)

Figure 22. The green shape is shown Mandor Nature Reserve; Below: the red polygon shown swamps
around Kapuas coast
111. Based on spade tools, the project location is dominated by modified habitat. The nearest
potential natural habitat is around 2,5 km and the nearest potential critical habitat is around 4,5 km
north from project location (See figure below).

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 Figure 23. Natural and critical habitat distribution around project location (source: https://adb-
spade.org/maps/2646/embed)

O. Economic Development
1. Livelihoods
112. The livelihoods of the residents of Pontianak City consist of various professions, including
farmers, traders, civil servants, laborers, private employees, teachers, and others. The following is a
breakdown of the types of livelihoods grouped by main business field and gender in Pontianak City:

Table 33. Types of livelihoods based on differences in main business fields in Pontianak City
Livelihood Male Female Sex Ratio

Agriculture, Plantation, Forestry, Hunting and 9.930 2.704 367

Fisheries

Mining and excavation 324 0 -

Industry 14.978 9.755 154

Electricity, Gas and water supply 3.332 436 764

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 Livelihood Male Female Sex Ratio

Construction 23.081 966 2.389

Trade, Restaurant, and accommodation services 60.046 53.315 113

Transportation, Warehouse and Communication 16.959 2.437 696

Financial Institutions, Real Estate, Rental 9.808 6.372 154

Business and Corporate Services

Community, Social and Individual Services 29.516 27.795 106

Total 167.974 103.780 162

Source : BPS Pontianak City in Figure, 2020

2. Job and Business Opportunities

113. The construction of the SPALD-T can have an impact on the creation of new jobs in sufficient
quantity and quality to absorb the additional workforce. Based on data from the Pontianak City
Central Bureau of Statistics, that in 2019 the type of occupation of the population in Pontianak City
can be seen from the following details:

Table 34. Population Classification According to Main Work Status and Gender
Classification Male Female Sex Ratio

self-sufficient 30.142 19.842 152

Trying to be assisted is not permanent / unpaid 11.275 8.213 137

Doing business assisted by permanent /paid workers 10.784 5.163 209

Laborers / Civil Servants / Private Employees 100.512 51.634 195

Freelancer 9.440 3.875 229

Family Worker / Unpaid 5.821 15.053 39

Jumlah 167.974 103.780 162

Sumber : BPS Pontianak City in Figure, 2020

3. Expenditure and Consumption Patterns

114. The pattern of household consumption in Pontianak City for the last two years has the same
structure, where most of the household expenditure is still used to fulfill foodstuffs.

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 Table 35. Percentage of Household Expenditure in Pontianak City
Expenditure Range (Rp) Years 2018 Years 2019

< 150.000 0 0
150.000 – 199.999 0 0
200 000 – 299.999 0 0
300.000 – 499.999 2,29 2,08
500.000 – 749.999 16,87 11,94
750.000 – 999.999 17,44 16,19
1.000.000 – 1.499.999 19,06 25,61
> 1.500.000 44,33 44,18
Total 100 100
Source : BPS Pontianak City in Figure, 2019

115. From the table above, when viewed from the total expenditure per month per household,
the largest percentage is in the range above Rp. 1,500,000, - per month for each household. In
general, this gives a pretty good picture of the priority of the people of Pontianak City's purchasing
power, meaning that in other words, the consumption sector contributes significantly to the
economic activity of Pontianak City. In 2021 the Pontianak City UMP is still based on the Decree of
the Governor of West Kalimantan Number 860/DISNAKERTRANS/2020, which is Rp. 2,515,000.

P. Socio and Cultural Resources

1. Population of Pontianak City.
116. The population of Pontianak City in 2019 is estimated to be 646,611 people, where for every
square kilometer the area is inhabited by an average of 5,915 people. East Pontianak District is the
area with the largest population density, which is inhabited by 10,786 people per km2, while the
sub-district area with the smallest density is North Pontianak District with a population density of
3,454 people per km2. The population of Pontianak city based on Pontianak City in Figures is as
follows:

Table 36. Population of Pontianak City by Sub District

Population ratio
No. Sub-District Population (Jiwa) Growth (%)
(Jiwa/Km2)

1 South Pontianak 97.202 1,39 6.311

2 Southeast Pontianak 52.326 1,41 3.629

3 East Pontianak 96.029 1,43 10.786

4 West Pontianak 143.060 1,39 8.566

5 Pontianak City 127.700 1,40 7.881

6 North Pontianak 130.344 1,40 3.454

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 Population ratio
No. Sub-District Population (Jiwa) Growth (%)
(Jiwa/Km2)

Total 646.611 1,40 5.915

Source: BPS Kota Pontianak in Figure, 2020

Table 37. Population Projection 2021 - 2041

No Population Projection (people)

Sub-District
. 2021 2026 2031 2036 2041

1 South Pontianak 98.553 105.596 113.141 121.226 129.889

2 Southeast Pontianak 53.064 56.912 61.039 65.465 70.212

3 East Pontianak 97.402 104.569 112.262 120.522 129.389

4 West Pontianak 145.049 155.414 166.519 178.419 191.168

5 Pontianak City 129.488 138.809 148.802 159.514 170.997

6 North Pontianak 132.169 141.683 151.883 162.816 174.537

Total 655.724 702.982 753.646 807.962 866.193

Source: Feasibility Study of Centralized Domestic Wastewater Pontianak City, 2020

117. Based on the Pontianak Municipal Wastewater Master Plan 2013 – 2033 as prepared in
2012, the service area for an urban-scale centralized system will serve about 35% of the population.
This means that by 2041 there will be around 303,000 residents served by a centralized urban scale
system and residents not served by the local and communal systems (SANIMAS).

2. Population on Study Area

118. The first phase of SPALD-T construction in Pontianak City will serve 3 sub-districts, West
Pontianak District consist of 4 village namely Pal Lima Village, Sungai Beliung Village, Sungai Jawi
Luar Village, and Sungai Jawi Dalam Village. Sub District Pontianak City consist of 3 villages namely
Mariana Village, Darat Sekip Village, Tengah Village and District of South Pontianak consist of 2
village namely Benua Melayu Darat Village, and Benua Melayu Laut Village. The total population in
the study area is 209,758 people, details can be seen in the following table:

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 Table 38. Population in 9 Village in Services WWTP

No. Sub-District Village Male Female Total

1 West Pontianak Pal Lima 6.413 6.269 12.682

Sungai Jawi Dalam 16.721 17.166 33.887

Sungai jawi Luar 20.267 20.530 40.797

Sungai Beliung 27.106 26.623 53.729

2 Pontianak City Darat Sekip 4.928 5.068 9.996

Tengah 4.372 4.405 8.777

Mariana 4.491 4.641 9.132

3 South Pontianak Benua Melayu Laut 5.074 5.152 10.226

Benua Melayu Darat 14.966 15.566 30.532

Total 104.338 105.420 209.758

Source: BPS Sub District in Figure, 2020

3. Population by Age Group

119. Population grouping according to productive age (age 15 - 54 years) and non-productive age
(age 0 - 15 and 54 years and over) is to see the conditions of the workforce and dependents. The
composition of the population by age group is presented in the following table:

Table 39. Population Composition by Gender and Age Group in Pontianak City
No. Age Group Male Female Total

1. 0–4 28.848 27.645 56.493

2. 5–9 27.972 26.808 54.780

3. 10 – 14 26.157 25.353 51.510

4. 15 – 19 28.935 30.478 59.413

5. 20 – 24 31.515 32.454 63.969

6. 25 – 29 27.410 27.805 55.215

7. 30 – 34 25.279 25.611 50.890

8. 35 – 39 24.608 25.715 50.323

9. 40 – 44 23.600 23.136 46.736

10. 45 – 49 20.823 20.036 40.859

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 No. Age Group Male Female Total

11. 50 – 54 17.062 16.726 33.788

12. 55 – 59 14.063 14.369 28.432

13. 60 – 64 10.755 10.618 21.373

14. 65 – 69 7.096 7.287 14.383

15. 70 – 74 4.458 5.124 9.582

16. 75+ 3.675 5.124 8.915

Total 322.256 324.405 646.661

Source: BPS Pontianak City in Figure, 2020

120. Based on the table above, the number of productive age population in Pontianak City in the
age group of 15 - 54 years is recorded as 401,193 people or 62.04% of the total population of
Pontianak City. Meanwhile, the non-productive age population in the <15 years and> 54 years age
group was 245,468 or 37.96% of the total population.

4. Workforce
121. An overview of labor conditions such as the labor force participation rate (TPAK), the
percentage of employment opportunities, the percentage of the labor force working, and the
distribution of employment is very useful in seeing the economic prospects of a region.

Table 40. Population Aged 15 Years or Over by Type of Main Activities in Pontianak City 2018-2019
Activities 2018 2019

Male Female Total Male Female Total

I. workforce 184.479 107.446 291.925 186.091 112.974 299.065

1. Employment 167.511 94.142 261.653 167.974 103.780 271.754

2. Unemployment 16.968 13.304 30.722 18.117 9.194 27.311

II Un-Workforce (Study,
housewife etc 51.640 133.481 185.121 53.910 132.332 186.242

Total 236.119 240.927 477.046 244.001 245.306 485.307

Participation Level
78.13 44.60 61.19 77.54 46.05 61.62
workforce (TPAK) (%)

Unemployment Level 9.20 12.38 10.37 8.14 9.74 9.13

Source : BPS Pontianak City in Figure, 2020

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122. Based on the table above it can be seen that the percentage of the labor force participation
rate in Pontianak City in 2018 was 61.19 percent, while the unemployment percentage rate in 2018
was 10.37 percent and in 2019 the percentage of the labor force participation rate was 61.62% and
the percentage rate unemployment 9.13%.

Table 41. Population Aged 15 Years or Over by Type of Main Activities and Highest Education in
Pontianak City
Workforce
No. Main Activity
Employment Unemployment Total workforce Precented

1 Elementary School 59.451 6.234 65.694 90,50%

2 Medium school/equal 44.930 4.819 49.749 90,31%

3 High School/equal 118.431 13.190 131.621 89,98%

3 University 48.942 3.059 52.001 94,12%

Total 271.754 27.311 299.065 90,87%

Source : BPS Pontianak City in Figure, 2020

123. Based on table 2.38, it is known that the highest number of unemployed people graduated
from high school / equivalent is 13,190 people, while the lowest is in tertiary education. However, if
it is seen from the percentage of the workforce that the highest is in elementary school education
and below, which is 90.50%.

Table 42. Number of Job Seekers by District and Education in Pontianak City
Education Total
No Sub District
SD SMP SMU SMK D2 D3 S1 S2

1 South Pontianak 0 0 32 26 0 17 44 1 120

2 South-east 0 0 14 12 0 7 34 2 69
Pontianak

3 East Pontianak 1 2 72 63 0 13 45 0 195

4 West Pontianak 0 3 84 85 0 20 56 2 251

5 Pontianak City 0 1 54 31 0 21 77 1 185

6 North Pontianak 0 1 54 88 0 10 28 0 181

Total 1 7 310 305 0 88 284 6 1001

Source : BPS Pontianak City in Figure, 2020

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124. Based on table 2.39, the highest number of job seekers is with high school and vocational
education with a total of 310 people and 305 people and the least is with elementary school
education (SD) and D3 education. Meanwhile, the study locations were West Pontianak Subdistrict
with 251 job seekers, South Pontianak with 120 people and Pontianak Kota with 185 job seekers.

V. ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES

A. Project Environmental Benefit

125. The development of a centralized domestic wastewater management system in Pontianak
City is expected to improve environmental sanitation and public health . The lack of good waste
management and the existing sewage pipe network system in Pontianak City has resulted in poor
environmental conditions in Pontianak City.
126. Most of the residents of Pontianak rely on the local domestic wastewater management
system (SPALD-S). Most of these SPALD-S are in bad condition, causing health risks such as
contamination of ground water and soil.
127. In the Community-based Total Sanitation survey data released by the Ministry of Health,
currently Pontianak City only has 5 units of septic tanks that meet the standards .
128. The project site and the WWTP system to be developed will not interfere with the
sustainability of the sanitation system and solid waste disposal system and other urban services.
Service is expected to be integrated with existing public services.

B. Environmental Impact Assessment Screening

129. Based on Rapid Environmental Assessment (REA) and ADB‟s environmental categorization,
the environmental impacts and risks this project is deemed Environmental Category B, this mean the
environmental impacts specific-location can be readily mitigated, and the locations are not on the
ecologically sensitive or high risk with respect to community health and safety. The type of
environmental assessment based on SPS 2009 is the Initial Environmental Examination (IEE)
document. For compliance with GOI requirement on environmental management and protection
assessment, A separate Environmental Impact Analysis (AMDAL) report has been prepared by the
Pontianak City BAPPEDA during the basic engineering design stage.
130. The screening check list will help identify the project which has substantial social and
environmental impacts requiring appropriate mitigation measures, whereas on the other hand it will
help identify the project which has insignificant environmental and social consequences, and the
environmental review process could be limited in scope.
131. The project will use a structured approach to environmental and social management to
allow the project development process, follow the hierarchy of avoidance, minimization,
compensation/mitigation for negative impacts and enhancement of positive impacts where
practically feasible and advantageous.

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 C. Environmental Impact and Mitigation Measures

1. Pre-Construction Phase
a. Pre-construction Activity
1. Socialization of WWTP and FSTP at RPH Nipah Kuning
132. The socialization of the activity plan at RPH Nipah Kuning was carried out on Thursday,
August 13, 2020, at the Sungai Beliung Urban Village Office. The results of the socialization show that
the community expects several things including:
a) That the installation is free of charge for affected residents.
b) For the location of 11 houses, ask for assistance in installing PDAM connections at no
cost (free) and WWTP connections without fees (free) as well.
c) The access road to the RPH is currently badly damaged, please repair it.
2. Socialisation of WWTP at Gang Martapura 2
133. The socialization of the Martapura 2 WWTP was carried out on Friday 24 July 2020 at the
Head Office of the Benua Melayu Laut Village. The results of the socialization are:
a) Pak Suhardi gave input so that compensation is not only based on ownership of the
certificate.
b) Bapak Hanif (Former Head of BML Village): the community should always be
involved in planning. The assessment of compensation must also assess the welfare
indicators.
c) Mr Bastian (a resident whose land contains a grave): the cemetery is currently a land
grant.
d) Mr Irwan from the Environment Agency: the SPALD-T area adjacent to the parallel
bridge plan area should pay attention to vibrations on the ground / ground

3. EIA Public Consultation

133. Public consultation activities are carried out using participatory methods such as community
meetings involving all levels of society at the Kelurahan level, consisting of elements from Village
Government Institutions, District Government, Community Leaders, Religious Leaders, and
communities affected by the planned activities. Public consultation activities were carried out on
Wednesday, September 17, 2020, at the Rohana Muthalib Hall of the Pontianak City Bappeda

4. Land Acquisition

WWTP and FSTP at RPH Nipah Kuning

134. The land status for the WWTP and FSTP plans at the location of the Nipah Kuning
Slaughterhouse (RPH) is land owned by the Pontianak City Government under the management of
the Pontianak City Agriculture and Livestock Service Office.
135. The land area for the construction of WWTP and FSTP is around 2 Ha. There was no land
acquisition for this location, it was just that the land use shifted from RPH to utilization for WWTP.

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136. On the WWTP and FSTP planned land in RPH Nipah Kuning there are 11 households. Based
on the agreement at the time of the socialization that the residents in the location would not be
moved, the house area around the location was not included in the DED planning, and there would
be empowerment of residents who entered the WWTP and FSTP locations RPH Nipah Kuning.
Socialization to residents in the location of the activity has been carried out by the PCC Team, District
Parties, Urban Villages, RT, RW and local Muspika in December 2019.

WWTP at Gang Martapura 2

137. The land status in the Gang Martapura 2 WWTP is residential area land that has a title of
ownership (SHM). The main landowner to be built by the WWTP in Gang Martapura 2 is Pak
Budiman with a total land area of more than 1 hectare. Other landowners (± 10 people) have an area
of around 300 - 500 m2.
138. At the location of the development plan there is a grave with the status of waqf and non-
donated land. Tombs with the status of waqf land are at the location where the WWTP is not built.
Meanwhile, non-waqf graves will be relocated to locations where the WWTP will not be built.
139. The mayor’s statement regarding the Ability to Provision WWTP Land in Martapura 2 has
been issued, namely No. 37.3 / Bapp.3 / 2020. The determination of the location of the Martapura 2
WWTP was based on Mayor's Decree No. 606 / BAPPEDA / 2020.

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 Figure 24. Land Plot at Gang Martapura 2

Figure 25. Existing condition on Gang Martapura 2

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 Table 43. Affected assets identification at WWTP Nipah Kuning and Gang Martapura 2

Type Asset
Location
Land House Shop House Grave
RPH Nipah Kuning
WWTP 2 Ha 11 - -
Primer Sewer Line None None -
Secondary and Tertiary Sewer Line Any Any -
Martapura 2
WWTP 1.6 Ha 16 4 97
Primer Sewer Line None None -
Secondary and Tertiary Sewer Line Any Any -
Source: DED SPALDT Kota Pontianak, 2020

Sewer Line Network

140. The wastewater sewer line network is built under the road, so there is no land acquisition
process for this activity. During construction phase, it will follow applicable permits and regulations
regarding the construction of a wastewater sewer line network.
141. Based on the results of field visits on the planned sewer line route, especially at the point of
making holes for the operation of drilling equipment, narrow roads were found, so that the potential
for temporary use of community land was found. For this, a LARAP study is needed which will be
carried out by Bappeda separately.

b. Pre-Construction Environmental Impact

1. License and Permit Process
143. All permits required for the proposed buildings will be obtained prior to their construction in
accordance with Law No. 11/2020 concerning Job Creation, Governments Regulation No 16 Years
2021 concerning Building Structure and Government’s Regulation No. 22/2021 concerning
Implementation of Environmental Protection and Management, respectively. (i) Ensure all designs
conform with national environmental regulations (ii) ensure licenses and permits have been settled
prior construction work. Two main licenses must be prepared namely Environmental Approval and
Building Approval Letter (building permit).

2. Green Building and Gender Responsive

144. In Lesson Learned Document for design approach, design might not be sustainable (green
building), inclusive and gender friendly enough Green Building and Gender Friendly enough. To
mitigate this impact All building will be designed with the concept of sustainable (green building),
inclusive including gender friendly, by providing lessons learned and suggestions for improving
quality of DEDs and WWTP building and facilities design. All design for the proposed buildings

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complies with PERMEN PUPR No 21 /2021 concerning Green Building Performance Assessment
(Green Building): low cost operation and maintenace; low carbon footprint and environmental
friendly; Inclusive: (i) multi-etnic, cultural, lifestyle friendly design (no ethnic, cultural lifestyle barrier
design) (ii) Gender friendly design (iii) should be used by as many users as possible.

3. Climate Change Vulnerability

145. Climate change adaptation considerations shall be included in the design of Pontianak City’s
proposed WWTP. Changes in the intensity of extreme weather events as well as gradual changes in
climate parameters such as precipitation can be damaging to the proposed WWTP. Inadequate
attention to this impact can increase the long-term costs of sewerage investments for Pontianak City
and increase the likelihood that such investments will fail to deliver the benefits for which they were
intended. Flooding could affect the structural integrity of the proposed Pontianak City’s Martapura
WWTP. Flooding can also prevent the WWTP from operating by reducing the head available across
the plant. It may also submerge facility components that are supposed to be dry for proper
operation. These situations may result to the release of untreated sewage into the environment and
increase the risk to public health.
146. To address this impact appropriately, hydrological and flood studies have been carried out
for the proposed location during the design phase to ensure that the occurrence of flooding is
properly evaluated. The study results have been used to design the proposed WWTP and prepare
technical specifications to ensure that they are not too vulnerable to extreme flooding events.
Consultants who will prepare the study shall use the official climate change projections of GOI’s
Climatology Meteorology and Geophysics Agency, the Badan Meteorologi, Klimatologi, dan Geofisika
(BMKG).

4. Climate Change Mitigation

147. Climate change mitigation considerations shall be included in the design of Pontianak City’s
proposed WWTP to control greenhouse gas emissions. The membrane covered anaerobic ponds
shall be connected by pipework to a flare and avoid releasing the generated methane from the
ponds. However, during detailed design, potential use of the generated methane shall be evaluated
with due considerations to financial and economic factors.

5. Site clearance and Possible Discoveries of Physical Cultural Resources (PCR)

148. Clearing of vegetation and land preparation may cause accidental discocery of PCR and
erosion of sediment/soil. Accidental discovery of PCR or cultural property sites will be managed
according to government guidelines. If archaeological or cultural artifacts are discovered on the
campuses during construction, the finds will be handled by the contractor in accordance with
government standards and procedures set forth in the Undang-undang (Law) No. 11/2010
concerning cultural heritage conservation which revised No 10/1993 and Implementation
Guidelines No. 5/1992 on protecting cultural heritage.

6. WWTP Site’s Conformance to Spatial Plan

149. There is no problem with spatial planning for the proposed WWTP. Pontianak City’s
BAPPEDA confirmed that the proposed WWTP site at Martapura conforms to Pontianak City’s Spatial
Plan. BAPPEDA is the local government agency responsible for planning. It is tasked with the
preparation and implementation of the city’s development plans and policies.
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 7. Encroachments to Environmentally Sensitive Areas
150. There will be no encroachments to environmentally sensitive areas. The proposed WWTP
will be in the urban areas of Pontianak City. The proposed WWTP will be constructed in a site that
has been transformed into its present Slaughterhouses government assets and land owned by
residents. These sites are not within undisturbed landscapes. The proposed primary secondary
sewer lines will pass through (underground) main city streets, while the tertiary sewer lines will be
installed in the streets of Pontianak City’s built-up areas.

8. Dissemination of Final Detailed Design

151. During detailed design, when the final sewer line alignments are available, consultation and
information dissemination to potentially affected people shall be done. Tender documents for the
proposed Pontianak City’s sewerage system shall include provisions addressing potential nuisances
and problems to the public during construction. These include environmental management
provisions on the following issues: erosion and sediment runoff, noise and dust, vehicular traffic,
construction wastes, oil and fuel spillages, construction camps, and public safety and convenience.
These shall also be reflected in the bidding and construction contracts of the proposed sewerage
system.
152. During detailed design, construction methods must be defined detail for avoid disturbance
excavations of the entire proposed sewer alignment, such as pipe jacking and micro-tunneling, shall
be evaluated for their applicability (with consideration also to cost implications) to streets with
heavy commercial activities. Pipe jacking is a trenchless technique for installing underground
pipelines by tunnelling. Powerful hydraulic jacks are used to push the pipes through the ground
behind a shield at the same time as excavation is taking place within the shield. Micro-tunneling is
also a trenchless pipeline installation technology that uses a remotely controlled small tunnel boring
machine combined with pipe jacking technique to directly install pipelines underground, such as
sewer lines, in a single pass. This has been a proven sewer line installation method for various soil
conditions.

9. Loss of Assets
153. Inventory of losses for the proposed Pontianak City’s subproject was made during the
planning phase and shall be updated during detailed design phase as soon as the final pipeline
alignments and final locations of facilities are available. A plan for compensation and other
assistance (separate from this IEE) corresponding to the losses of the affected people was prepared
under the PPTA. All payments to affected parties shall be made before the start of construction
activities. There will be no people to be physically displaced or resettled.

10. The roles and responsibilities of Relevant Stakeholder

154. Various relevant agencies such as project implementing units, WWTP and sewer operators,
project management and supervision consultants as well as Pontianak city government should be
established at this stage, so institutional strengthening activities are needed to enable these
organizations to fulfil their roles and responsibilities.

2. Construction Phase
a. Construction Activity

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 1. Site Preparation.
155. Construction of the proposed Pontianak City’s sewerage system will not involve significant
modification of the construction site topography. The proposed WWTP site will only be backfilled by
a meter high. Sewer lines installation will not involve changing the topography of the surrounding
area. This issue is therefore considered not significant. Removal of trees will not be an issue due to
the following:
o site for proposed WWTP is an ex-slaughterhouse area and
o sewer lines will be installed along the right-of-way of existing roads.
156. The issue on displacement of rare or endangered species is not applicable since there are no
known rare or endangered species within the proposed site of the site of the proposed WWTP.
2. Construction of WWTP and Sewer Lines
157. Pontianak‟s Nipah Kuning WWTP construction shall require: (i) site clearing and marking of
alignments, (ii) stockpiling of construction materials, (iii) backfilling, (iv) construction of new
structures, (v) construction of embankments, (vi) construction of ponds and buildings, (vii)
concreting for required tanks, (viii) installation of piping systems, (ix) installation of electro-
mechanical equipment (x) cleaning and closure of construction sites.
158. The installation of the sewer line pipe will be carried out under ground of the existing road.
Pipe installation will be carried out using 2 installation methods, namely:

1. The open excavation method. This method will be carried out by conducting an open excavation
on the road that will be installed the pipe. This method is implemented on pipes with a depth of
less than 4 m and a road width of less than 4m. Installation by this method is generally carried
out on the tarsier pipe and some secondary pipes that are not too deep.
2. Trenchless method. This method is carried out by drilling in the ground, the part that will be
open excavation is only on the part of the shaft which has a grid every 100 m - 200m. This
method is carried out on pipes that have a depth of more than 4m and is generally done for
primary pipes and some secondary pipes that have a depth of more than 4m.

159. All pipe, fittings, and accessories shall be carefully lowered into the trench piece by piece by
means of a derrick, ropes, slings, or other suitable tools or equipment in such a manner as to prevent
damage to the sewer main materials and any protective coatings. Pipe and fittings shall be
embedded in the trench with the invert conforming to the required elevations, slopes, and
alignment, and with the pipe bottom uniformly and continuously supported by a firm bedding and
foundation. All pipe joints shall be assembled in accordance with the recommendations of the
manufacturer. The laid pipelines shall be backfilled with suitable earth materials prescribed in the
construction contracts and shall be compacted to the required standards. Compaction will be done
to ensure that the pavement sub-grade will not settle and adversely affect the pavement.
160. Pipeline Leakage Tests. Before acceptance of the owner of the installed sewer pipeline,
leakage tests will be conducted by the supervising engineer representing the city to provide
assurance that the pipeline is free from significant leaks. The tests may include low pressure air
exfiltration or water exfiltration. Ex-filtrations of sewer pipeline between manholes will be measured
and shall not exceed the allowable standards for ex-filtrations.
161. Restoration and Clean-up. After the sewer pipeline trench are backfilled and the pipeline
accepted by the owner, the contractor will restore and/or replace paving, curbing, sidewalks,

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gutters, shrubbery, fences, sod, or other disturbed surfaces or structures to a condition equal to that
which existed before the construction work began. The provisions for these restoration activities are
usually included in standard construction contracts for sewer pipeline installations. Prior to
demobilization, the contractor will remove all surplus pipeline materials, tools and temporary
structures resulting from the work. The contractor will also remove and dispose all debris, excess
earth from excavations, and construction solid wastes. Standard construction contracts for sewer
pipeline installations also contain these provisions.

b. Construction Works Environmental Impact

1. Impacts and risks to biodiversity conservation
162. The issue on impacts and risks to biodiversity conservation is not applicable to the Pontianak
City subproject since its components will not be in an area that have concerns on biodiversity
conservation. The sewer network will be in built-up areas. The areas surrounding the proposed
WWTP site are not undisturbed and over the years the ecological changes due to human activities in
the area have resulted to its present agricultural landscape.

2. Nuisance and Problems to the Public

163. Potential nuisances and problems to the public during construction of the proposed
Pontianak City’s sewerage system can best be avoided if proactively addressed during detailed
design and pre-construction phase.

3. Potential Damage to Archaeological and Cultural Assets

164. There are not archaeological and cultural monument/assets that be affected by of the
proposed WWTP sites and sewer lines. Nevertheless, precautions will be taken to avoid potential
damage to any archaeological and cultural assets by inclusion of provisions in tender and
construction documents requiring the contractors to immediately stop excavation activities and
promptly inform the local authorities.
165. During construction, excavations activities of the proposed sewer lines and the proposed
WWTP have the potential to damage archaeological and cultural assets that lay undiscovered below
the ground. Although at present there is no information of any archaeological and cultural assets
that may be affected by excavations works, this potential impact requires precautionary measures.
166. Mitigation. An effective approach to avoid potential damage to any archaeological and
cultural assets during the construction phase is the inclusion of provisions in construction documents
requiring the contractors to immediately stop excavation activities and promptly inform the local
authorities and the Balai Pelestarian Peninggalan Purbakala Pontianak (Pontianak Archaeological
Heritage Preservation) if archaeological and cultural assets are discovered.

4. Run off and Erosion

167. During rainy periods, exposed soil at the construction sites for sewer lines can easily be
washed away by runoff and carried to the natural drainage system. Construction of embankments
for the WWTP is a potential source of sediments and can easily release soil materials to Kapuas River
and surrounding area if not provided with sediment control. During rainy periods, soil materials from
embankment sections that are not yet stabilized can easily be carried by runoff to Kapuas River.

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168. Mitigation. Control of the surface runoff is necessary in preventing erosion. The contractor
shall be required to use structural erosion prevention and sediment control practices which will
divert the storm water flows away from the exposed areas, prevent sediments from moving offsite,
and reduce the erosive forces of runoff waters. These may include the following:
o Small interceptor dikes,
o Pipe slope drains,
o Grass bale barriers,
o Sediment traps, and
o Temporary sediment basins.
169. Whenever possible, total exposed area shall be minimized. During construction of
embankments for the ponds, the following shall be required to control erosion:
o Construction of all permanent erosion control features as soon as practical, such as riprap,
and
o Provision of erosion control blankets for sections not yet stabilized.

5. Construction Noise.
170. Trucks and construction equipment, which can generate noise of 80 dB(A) from 30 meters
are the potential sources of noise during construction of the WWTP and sewer lines. The issue is
mostly applicable in the trench excavation activities for the sewer line installation since the lines will
pass through built-up areas with establishments and houses.
171. Mitigation. Nuisance from equipment noise can be mitigated with the use of sound
suppression devices for the equipment. In areas near houses or noise-sensitive sites, noisy
equipment shall not be operated during night-time to early morning (19:00H – 06:00H). Noise levels
due to construction activities should not exceed 55 dB(A) near schools and residential areas as
mandated by GOI’s Decree of Environment Ministry No.48/1996. Temporary noise barriers shall be
used in areas determine by PPIU’s supervising engineer. Workers using noisy equipment shall be
provided with ear plug.

6. Local Air Pollution Due to Construction Activities

172. During dry periods, dust generation can be expected from activities associated with the
construction of the WWTP and the sewer lines such as trenching, earthworks, and soil preparation.
Intermittent episodes of localized air pollution from smoke belching equipment may also occur.
Other potential sources of air pollution are large stockpiles of construction materials such as soil and
aggregates. Without any mitigating measures, dust generation could be problematic during dry
periods. This issue is important for the proposed sewer lines installation by trenching along the
roads since the sites will be excavated.
173. Mitigation. The contractor should be required to perform regular water spraying of the sites
during dusty periods to reduce the generation of dusts. He will also be required to use equipment
that are properly maintained and are not smoke belchers. Covers for stockpiles of soil and
aggregates that will be left idle for a long time shall be required. Covers will prevent dust generation
due to wind action. Trucks transporting loose construction materials such as sand, gravel, spoils, and
the like shall be provided with tarpaulin cover. This requirement is particularly important in the
hauling of backfill materials for the proposed Pontianak WWTP due to the significant number of
hauling trips.

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 7. Oil and Other Hazardous Materials Releases
174. Presence of oil products and other hazardous materials are expected in sewerage
construction. These include fuel, oil, grease, paints, and solvents. These materials are associated
with operation of the construction heavy equipment and vehicles and various construction activities.
Some of these materials may accidentally be released to the environment. However, the issue is
considered less significant since expected quantities will be relatively small for sewerage
construction.
175. However, as part of good construction practice, the contractors will be required to
implement an awareness program for all workers regarding the prevention and management of
spills and proper disposal of used containers. Fuel and oil shall be stored in a designated secured
area provided with an impermeable liner to prevent the accidental spills from seeping into the
ground.

8. Vehicular Traffic Congestion and Public Access

176. Installation of sewer lines may cause traffic congestion in heavily travelled roads and narrow
streets. It may hinder public access. Sewer lines installation in narrow streets may cause the
temporary total closure of the road and will lead to traffic congestion in the area. While sewer line
construction in wide streets could easily be managed with regards to traffic congestion and
pedestrians’ access to the area, the same could not be said of narrow roads with heavy commercial
activities, such as the market area. Transport of backfill materials for the proposed WWTP site may
also cause traffic congestion if not properly managed.
177. Mitigation. Contractors shall be required to:
o prepare a traffic plan.
o closely coordinate with local authorities for the closure of roads or rerouting of vehicular
traffic, and
o ensure access in areas with excavations by provision of secured walkways, provision of
access between mounds, expedite works in front of shops, steel plates for vehicle passage,
and provide signs to direct the pedestrians to access areas. Timing of construction activities
in any sites should consider the schedules of local activities with heavy presence of people
such as festivities, processions, parades, etc.
178. As discussed in the pre-construction section, construction methods that avoid excavations of
the entire proposed sewer alignment, such as pipe jacking and micro-tunnelling, shall be evaluated
during detailed design for their applicability (with consideration also to cost implications) to streets
with heavy commercial activities such as the market area.

9. Hazards to public due to construction activities.

179. Hazards to the public associated with construction activities for the proposed Pontianak
City’s sewerage system are expected since sewer lines shall be constructed in roads. Hazardous
driving conditions maybe created in sewer line installation by trenching since vehicles would still be
using the road while construction activities are ongoing. The movement of construction vehicles and
excavations would pose some hazards to the driving public. There is also risk of people falling in
open trenches since trenches are normally left uncovered until pipeline testing is completed. There

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is always a potential for hazardous situations since sewer line installation by trenching will require
wide trenches to accommodate the large sewer pipes.
180. Mitigation. The contractor shall be required to implement a road safety plan incorporated in
his proposed construction methodology. Safety measures shall be implemented including: (i)
warning signs to alert people of hazards around the construction sites, (ii) barricades, and (iii) night
lamps for open trenches. Provision of these measures shall be included in the construction contract
specifications.

10. Pollution and Health Risk due to Workers Camp

181. The contractor is expected to erect temporary workers’ camps during construction of the
Pontianak City’s sewerage system. Improperly managed silt runoff and sanitary wastes from these
camps may reach nearby areas. Poor sanitation and lack of proper solid waste management at the
worker’s camp will provide the conditions for vermin and other disease vectors to easily multiply and
infect the workers. This may lead to the transmission of diseases from the workers camp to other
areas. These conditions will increase public health risk. Areas near the site of the proposed WWTP
are potential areas for workers’ camp.
182. Mitigation. The construction contractor shall be required to:
o install proper sanitary facilities to prevent the indiscriminate discharge of sanitary wastes at
the camps surroundings,
o implement proper solid waste management, and
o prevent surface runoffs from flowing into the workers camps to avoid carrying away any
contaminants. The contractor shall be required to use temporary diversion drains, catch
drains, and silt-traps at these camps.

11. Occupational Health and Safety at Work Sites

183. Construction hazards are expected in the implementation of the proposed WWTP, pumping
station, and sewer lines. Hazards may exist in all construction sites in many different forms such as
sharp edges, falling objects, flying sparks, chemicals, noise, and various potentially dangerous
situations. Good practices in construction occupational health and safety requires that employers
protect their employees from workplace hazards that can cause injury.
184. Contractors shall be required to address the issue on occupational health and safety at the
construction sites by mitigation below:
o implementing a construction site health and safety management plan,
o ensuring that an equipped first aid station is always available,
o providing the workers with potable water and adequate sanitation facilities,
o providing the workers with clean eating areas, and
o providing the workers with personal protective equipment (PPE) to minimize exposure to a
variety of hazards.
185. The construction site safety management plan (CSHSMP) will provide guidance to the
contractors’ staff on how good work practices can be carried out on every activity in the construction
site to prevent accidents to the workers and the public. This shall include, among others, emergency
procedures and the required resources, clear description of responsibilities and management,
specific requirements of occupational health and safety policies and regulations, training
requirements, and site safety rules.

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186. However, establishing and maintaining a safe and healthful work environment requires
responsibilities from both the contractors and their workers. In general, contractors are responsible
for:
o performing a "hazard assessment" of the workplace to identify and control physical and
health hazards,
o identifying and providing appropriate PPE for employees,
o training employees in the use and care of the PPE, (iv) maintaining PPE, including replacing
worn or damaged PPE,
o periodically reviewing, updating, and evaluating the effectiveness of the PPE program.
Workers should:

o properly wear PPE

o attend training sessions on PPE,
o care for, clean and maintain PPE, and
o inform a supervisor of the need to repair or replace a PPE.

187. COVID-19 Protocol Implementation. Regarding the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic in all
parts of Indonesia, the contractors must take steps to prevent and handle the emergency conditions
of COVID-19 during the construction period. Collaboration with the COVID-19 Task Force from the
local government and referral hospitals must be carried out to prevent and avoid transmission, as
well as determine emergency steps in the event of workers contracting COVID-19.
188. Government regulation concerning COVID-19 can refer to Ministry of Health regulation No
1501 years 2010 concerning certain types of infectious diseases that can cause epidemics and efforts
to deal with them and Instruction of the Minister of Public Works and Housing Number 02 / IN / M /
2020 concerning the Protocol to Prevent the Spread of Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in
Providing Construction Services.

12. Increase Employment Opportunities at Work Sites.

189. Considerable number of workers will be required for the various construction activities of
the proposed Pontianak City’s sewerage system. The impact would be beneficial and significant since
employment opportunities in the area will increase for a few years during the construction period.
190. Whenever possible, the contractor shall be required to use the available local labour for
these construction activities. The recruitment of workers shall be coordinated with the local officials
and Pontianak City’s LPMU.

13. Improper Closure of Construction Sites.

191. Construction activities of the proposed Pontianak City’s sewerage system are expected to
generate construction solid wastes during construction and after completion of work. This may
include used wood materials, steel works cuttings, paint, and solvents containers, used oil from
equipment, unused aggregates, etc. If not remove from the sites after completion of the
construction activities, these solid wastes will cause aesthetic problems, and some will be potential
sources of contaminants for surface runoffs. Due to the large pipe diameters, considerable amount
of surplus excavated soil will be generated by the sewer line construction.

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192. Mitigation. After completion of work activities, the contractor shall be required to remove
the construction wastes from the sites before finally leaving them. The entire sites must be free of
any construction solid wastes. Implement the required surface restoration. All surplus excavated soil
shall be disposed away from the built-up areas to sites approved by the PPIU. Design of disposal sites
shall also be approved by the supervising engineer. It will be the contractor’s responsibility to
identify suitable sites for disposal of the surplus excavated soil. To ensure the timely removal of the
surplus materials associated with the installation of the sewer lines, disposal of surplus excavated
soil materials shall be kept abreast with the progress of the construction activities.

3. Operation and Maintenance Phase

a. Operation and Maintenance Activity
1. Institution and Workforce
193. The operation phase of the Pontianak SPALD-T activity plan consists of recruitment of
workers, operation of WWTP and FSTP as well as pipelines, maintenance of WWTP and PBLT and
maintenance of pipelines.
194. At this stage the institution in charge of the activity is the Tirta Khatulistiwa Pontianak
Regional Drinking Water Company (PDAM). In the FS study, it was recommended that PDAM Tirta
Khatulistiwa Pontianak as the institution that manages SPALDT. The results of the capacity and
capability analysis show that the PDAM institution has the highest score so that PDAM Tirta
Khatulistiwa Pontianak can be selected as the manager of SPALD in Pontianak City.
195. Based on the provisions of Article 8 of the Pontianak City Regional Regulation Number 16 of
2013, the mayor has the authority to determine and approve the SPALD infrastructure managed by
PDAM Tirta Khatulistiwa.
196. Based on the results of the study for SPALD operations, PDAM Tirta Khatulistiwa requires
additional employees to fill the positions of Director, Division, Section, and Support Staff. In Phase I,
137 employees are required. The number of employees continues to increase in later stages, given
that the operational capacity of SPALD at these stages has increased. This required workforce
consists of contract workers, honorary workers, and permanent workers.

2. Retribution Tariff Calculation

197. The calculation of the tariff / levy on wastewater services is determined based on the
prevailing regulations / regulations at both the central and regional levels. The basis for regulation at
the central level used in the calculation and determination of tariffs / fees for wastewater services
refers to the Regulation of the Minister of Home Affairs No. 71 of 2016 concerning the Calculation
and Determination of Drinking Water Rates.
198. Based on the analysis of the calculation of the wastewater levy rate, the average tariff for
households and commercials is Rp. 53,105 / connection. Meanwhile, the average retribution tariff
for groups 1 & 2 (social interests and semi-permanent home groups) is IDR 37,992 / connection.

3. WWTP Operation
199. The basic function of domestic wastewater treatment is to accelerate the process of natural
pollutant degradation through engineering in the operation and process units.
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200. Domestic wastewater to be treated at the WWTP consists of black water and grey water
generated from domestic and commercial activities (hotels, shops, laundry, and other commercial
activities). Black water is toilet waste which consists of human waste, while grey water is non-toilet
waste that comes from cooking and washing activities in residential or commercial activities.
201. Based on the Regulation of the Minister of Environment and Forestry Number P.68 / Menlhk
/ Setjen / Kum.1 / 8/2016 concerning Domestic Wastewater Quality Standards. Parameters that
must be met before domestic wastewater is discharged into the receiving water bodies are pH,
Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Total Suspended Solid (TSS), Oil
and Fat, Ammonia, Total Coliform, and discharge.

Table 44. Domestic Wastewater Standard

Parameter Unit Max Content*

pH – 6–9

BOD mg/L 30

COD mg/L 100

TSS mg/L 30

Minyak & lemak mg/L 5

Amoniak mg/L 10

Total Coliform jumlah/100mL 3000

Debit L/orang/hari 100

Sources: Regulation of the Minister of Environment and Forestry Number P.68 / Menlhk / Setjen / Kum.1
/ 8/2016 concerning Domestic Wastewater Quality Standards

202. To reduce the build-up of grease clogging the wastewater piping system, grease trap units
will be installed at joints from relevant commercial activities (restaurants, hotels, shops), while the
use of grease traps from residential house connections can be submitted if the customer is judged
capable of operating and disposing of fat deposits routinely.
203. Based on population projections, the capacity of each wastewater treatment plan has been
calculated for each stage, here are the estimated wastewater flows for WWTP:

Table 45. Estimated Discharge of Wastewater for WWTP at RPH and Martapura 2
WWTP Location Phase 1 Phase 2 Phase 3 Total
RPH 8,226 11,342 2,333 21,902
Martapura 2 16,759 11,170 6,129 34,058
Total 24,985 22,512 8,462 55,960
Source: FS SPALDT Kota Pontianak, 2020

204. There are several stages of processing that must be carried out in domestic wastewater
treatment, namely the First Stage, Second Stage, Third Stage, Advanced Stage, and Sludge
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Treatment Stage. The Third and Advanced Stage are options that can be planned if there are certain
parameters that have the potential to exceed environmental quality standards and there is a plan to
utilize treated water.
205. The technology used in the first processing stage of wastewater is a Garbage Filter (Screen),
a Grit Chamber, a Primary Settling Sedimentation Tank. The first treatment aims to set aside waste,
sand, and suspended solid materials which are carried out using physical processing methods.
206. The second stage of processing or so-called biological processing consists of anaerobic
reactor, aerobic reactor, nitrification reactor and clarifier tank / second settling. In this second stage
of processing, bacteria are used to treat wastewater so that it is expected that the treated
wastewater is below the specified quality standard. The bacteria used for this treatment can treat
waste containing detergents and cleaning chemicals.
207. Biological processing with an aerobic system in the WWTP plan at RPH Nipah Kuning and
Gang Martapura 2 uses aerobics with the Attached Growth System of MBBR technology. MBBR
technology uses polyethylene biofilms media as a growing medium for microorganisms in a
continuous aeration reactor. The MBBR process maintains a large volume of biofilm in the biological
wastewater treatment process. As a result, the continuous degradation of biodegradable
contaminants in the same tank size takes place without the need for sludge recycling. This process
provides increased protection against shock loading, while automatically adjusting to load
fluctuations.
208. The sludge treatment consists of Sludge Thickener, Sludge Press and Sludge Storage. Sludge
Thickening is used to increase the concentration of solids in the mud and reduce the volume of the
sludge by removing the water contained in the mud. The belt filter press functions to separate water
from the sludge by using a pressure difference using a running belt. Sludge storage is a storage place
for the rest of the sludge treatment. The sludge from WWTP processing will be disposed of to the
Batu Layang TPA, where it can be co-processed with organic waste or landfilled.
209. Effluent check tank is a unit whose function is to monitor the result of water that has been
treated using WWTP. The effluent produced must comply with the Regulation of the Minister of
Environment and Forestry Number P.68 / Menlhk / Setjen / Kum.1 / 8/2016 concerning Domestic
Wastewater Quality Standards, before the water produced in the effluent check tank is discharged
into the receiving water body. It could also be used as storage for internal water reuse such as
landscape gardening or cleaning.
210. Based on the results of the basic engineering design, the WWTP Nipah Kuning will also
function to treat the sludge produced from the WWTP-onsite, with a processing capacity of 80 m3 /
day until 2026 then 120 m3 / day until 2031.

4. Sewer Line Operation

211. Domestic wastewater (grey water and black water) originating from residential and
commercial areas will flow through house connections to tertiary, secondary and primary pipelines
and eventually flow to the wastewater treatment plant by gravity.
212. If during the operation of the wastewater network there is a blockage, a culvert jet device
will be used to flush out the blockage (sludge) that occurs in the sewage pipe network so that the
flow of wastewater can run smoothly. The way this tool works is by providing very high-water
pressure to break down the sludge that occurs. The following is an example of a culvert jet tool that
will be used in the event of a blockage in the wastewater pipe:

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 Figure 26. Culvert Jet

213. The operations of the WWTP and PBLT supporting buildings consist of: Guard Post
Operations, office operations, Laboratory operations, generator room operations, Green Open Space
operations, as well as parking and environmental road operations.

5. Sludge Management Plan

214. The sludge produced in the primary and secondary treatment settling tanks will be treated
(dewatered) at the planned WWTP sites. While option for anaerobic digestion to produce biogas
(energy potential) is initially considered, limited space available on both locations and proximity to
residential prohibited its implementation during FS analysis.
215. Due to limited space available the treated sludge will be transported to the Batu Layang
landfill for further processing or disposal. The produced sludge will contain a high nutrient value
which can be used as soil conditioner or processed into fertilizer. This would mean that sludge can
be transported to Batu Layang landfill to be co-processed in its composter for stabilization. Stabilised
sludge can then be utilized by Pontianak gardening agency or sold/distributed to nearby agriculture
activities.
216. Another alternative for sludge handling in Batu Layang landfill would be thermal process
with other solid waste to produce energy product (i.e. biochar, biofuel). Data from development of
Omni processor funded by Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation suggests that sludge from wastewater
and sanitation activities can be produce energy with higher efficiency if processed together with high
energy value solid waste.
217. Further options and design for sludge processing with solid waste in Batu Layang landfill
would not be part of this basic engineering design.
218. The results of the discussion with the Regional Technical Team coordinated by the Pontianak
City Bappeda (9 September 2021) recommended planning to increase the capacity of the Batu
Layang FSTP and or the construction of a new sewage treatment facility (FSTP) in the 2022
development budget.

b. Environmental Impact on Operation and Maintenance Phase

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 1. Discharge of Poor-Quality Effluents
219. The proposed WWTP may produce low quality effluents due to operational problems. This
situation may happen if the proposed WWTP is not operated according to its design parameters and
in emergency situations such as lack of power supply for an extended period. These situations will
lead to poor operational performance and will produce low quality effluents not complying with
effluent regulations.
220. Mitigation. The WWTP shall be operated according to its design parameters to produce
effluent quality satisfying the national effluent regulations (Environment Minister Decree No.68 of
2016 on Domestic Wastewater Quality) with maximum standard for main parameters: 30 mg/l of
BOD, 100mg/l of suspended solids, and 5mg/l of fats and oil. The implementing unit of the proposed
WWTP shall ensure that its plant operators are properly trained in operating the facility and in
handling situations that may lead to poor quality effluents.
221. The requirement for properly trained operators cannot be overemphasized since the
proposed WWTP is not a sophisticated system that relies on continuous online performance
monitoring instruments. The newly hired WWTP operators shall undergo a one-month hands-on
training in an existing WWTP facility. In addition, a WWTP advisor shall be provided intermittently
during the initial 3 months of operation. The WWTP advisor shall provide advisory services for a full-
week and every other week within the 3-month period. This type of advisory services is especially
important since the WWTP will be in the start-up phase and to correct any undesirable operating
practices of the newly hired operators.
222. Operating manuals shall be provided to help ensure that the plant is operated as design.
Operating manuals shall also guide the operators in handling emergency situations. WWTP design
shall consider the reliability of power supply to the mechanical equipment. This is an important
aspect of the proposed WWTP since its aerobic process will be dependent on the continuous supply
of power to the mechanical equipment.
223. Another prevention measure is to prevent the discharge of industrial wastes into the sewer
lines. Industrial waste will affect adversely affect the biological processes in the WWTP and could
lead to poor effluent quality. This can be done by implementing a local regulation preventing the
discharge of industrial wastes into the sewer lines.

2. Noise and Dust Pollution of WWTP and Pumping Station

224. Noise of the proposed WWTP will not be an issue during operation since there will be no
sources of significant mechanical noise within the site. In addition, potential sources of noise, such
as pumps, blowers and mounted aerators are inherently provided with enclosures that provide noise
attenuation. There will be no operational activities that will cause dust generation. Additional
mitigating measures are therefore not necessary for noise and dust pollution.

3. Disposal of Sludge from WWTP

225. Operation of the WWTP will generate sludge from the treatment processes. The sludge must
be removed regularly to maintain good operational performance. Designed WWTP would require
regular primary and secondary sludge pumping to sludge handling unit. With thickening and
mechanical dewatering, sludge cake will be manageable to transport and dispose with small risk of
leaching as sludge will be easily managed and monitored.

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226. Dewatered sludge cake contains nutrients which are beneficial for agricultural purposes.
However, during detailed design, a biosolids program for the proposed WWTP shall be developed by
adopting appropriate standards from other countries since Indonesia does not have biosolids
management standards for WWTPs; especially considering potential micropollutant contents. With
those considerations, sludge use in non-consumption agricultural activities can be recommended. In
Pontianak City surroundings, rubber plantations and palm plantations could serve as potential
customer for agricultural product (soil conditioner, fertilizer) from sludge processing (or sludge-
organic waste co-processing).

4. WWTP’s Foul Odor Off-site Migration

227. Operation of WWTP has the potential for generating foul odor that may be carried off-site.
During design phase, various approach is used to adjust treatment train to minimize odor generation
in treatment. However, with follow up design and build, change proposed by D&B contractors could
modify the unit into odor producing processes. Hence, there is a potential need to prevent the foul
odor from escaping the process units and migrating off-site.

228. With potential of treatment changes from D&B contractors, potential sources of odor under
normal operating conditions can come from extended anaerobic processes such as anaerobic pond
or anaerobic digesters with anaerobic retention more than 12 hours. Aerobic units may also produce
bad odor due to lack of air input under extended power failures, especially if back-up generator ran
out of fuel.
229. While BED design does not require extensive odor control units, D&B design could require
extensive interventions. If odor producing unit is proposed in D&B, mitigations shall include the
following:
o anaerobic pond shall be covered with a polymer (such as “Hypalon”) to capture odor (if
applicable in D&B, not required in BED design),
o Biogas flaring (to minimize the escape of methane gas) (if applicable in D&B, not required in
BED design),
o close monitoring of the aerobic units to ensure the conditions are not anaerobic (without
enough oxygen) through SCADA operation protocols and back-up generators,
o landscaping with trees and shrubs around the facility shall be done to position them as wind
breaks, and
o conduct of WWTP’s annual odor audit to identify operational measures that can prevent
odor problems.

230. The role of reliable power supply to the mechanical equipment is very important in ensuring
adequate odor control and management. The lack of power supply will cause the lack of air input to
the aerobic units. If the situation persists for an extended period, the resulting anaerobic (without
enough oxygen) condition will generate foul odor. During detailed design, it is therefore necessary to
carefully evaluate the need for providing emergency electrical power supply to the proposed WWTP.

5. Toxic Waste Generation

231. Operation of the proposed WWTP will not generate any toxic wastes under normal
operating conditions. The operation is simply the use of physical and biological processes for treating
domestic wastewater.
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 6. Pollution to Groundwater
232. The operation of the wastewater pipeline network and the wastewater treatment plant of
the Pontianak WWTP allows leakage and seepage into the ground from the process unit, tanks, and
ponds, if these facilities are not watertight.
233. Mitigation. Concrete tanks process units shall be design and constructed as impermeable
containers.

7. Drowning Risk in WWTP Tanks and Ponds

234. The potential for drowning always exists when large tanks and ponds are filled with liquid.
Persons and animals falling in the tanks and ponds of the WWTP can drown easily since these are
deep facilities.
235. Mitigation To reduce the risk of drowning in the tanks and ponds, the proposed WWTP shall
be:
o provided with a safety station with a pole, rope, and flotation device in a visible, well-
marked location along the berms,
o posted with warning signs indicating that the tanks and ponds are deep and that dangers
exist,
o provided with at least a five-foot-high fence to keep people and animals away, and
o provide security personnel to guard the facility.

8. Health and Safety Risks in Sewerage System Operation

236. Operation of the proposed Pontianak City’s sewerage system has an associated health risk to
the workers and the public since sewage is an infectious material. It can cause disease if ingested or
if it meets broken skin. Accidents involving sewage spills at the proposed WWTP can seriously
threaten the health and safety of the personnel.
237. Workers’ safety at proposed WWTP relative to the generation of biogas should not be taken
lightly. If BED proposed extensive anaerobic digestion or extensive anaerobic pond, these processes
would generate biogas. Methane in biogas forms explosive mixtures with air. Flammable gases, such
as methane, have a lower explosive limit (LEL) and an upper explosive limit (UEL). The LEL is the
lowest concentration (in percentage of total volume) of a gas in a mixture with air capable of
producing a flash of fire in the presence of an ignition source such as arc or flame, while the UEL is
the highest concentration. Methane has an explosive range of 5% to 15%. Explosive mixture of
methane gas may accumulate in confined spaces. These issues are not present in BED design as
methane generating processes are specifically avoided due to these considerations.
238. Another potential risk is if D&B proposed use of chlorine gas as disinfectant of the final
effluents. Accidents may occur with chlorine gas handling. Provisions are included for the future use
of chlorine gas as disinfectant of the final effluents. During BED design, specific disinfection is not
considered necessary, with options such as ozone or UV recommended instead of chlorination.
239. Mitigation. Facility hazards identification shall be conducted during the initial operation
phase of the sewerage system and updated as necessary. Due to the possibility of methane gas
accumulation in confined spaces, hazards identification associated with methane shall be given more
attention. A written facility health and safety manual shall be prepared to address the prevention,

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reduction and control of occupational injury and illness of Pontianak City’s sewerage system
operation. The manual shall among others:
o clearly identify conditions that may cause acute workers health and safety problems,
o specific requirements that all workers should comply,
o include management of spills, and (iv) specify training requirements for health and safety.

240. All workers should have the authority to stop any work if they observe any unsafe conditions
that present imminent danger, particularly injury. Utmost care should be taken to avoid sewage
spills. Workers shall be trained on health and safety aspects of handling sewage spills. The public
should be kept away from the proposed WWTP. A five-foot-high fence shall be provided to keep
people away from the WWTP.
241. If methane generation is proposed by D&B, the WWTP shall be provided with a portable
digital gas analyser capable of detecting methane and carbon dioxide. This instrument shall provide
sampling and analysis of gas composition in percent by volume of methane, carbon dioxide, oxygen,
percent LEL of methane, and temperature. Standard gas safety devices, such as flame arresters and
pressure relief valves shall be installed at appropriate locations to be determined during detailed
design. These issues are not present in BED design as methane generating processes are specifically
avoided due to these considerations.
242. If chlorination is proposed in D&B, a separate chlorine gas building shall be provided to avoid
contact. Use of sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), the liquid form of chlorine, shall be evaluated during
detailed design for its applicability instead of chlorine gas with consideration on its availability in
Indonesia. NaOCl is inherently a safer disinfectant. During BED design, specific disinfection is not
considered necessary, with options such as ozone or UV recommended instead of chlorination.

9. COVID-19 Protocol Implementation

243. Regarding the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic in all parts of Indonesia, the WWTP
operators must take steps to prevent and handle the emergency conditions of COVID-19 during the
operation and maintenance period. Collaboration with the COVID-19 Task Force from the local
government and referral hospitals must be carried out to prevent and avoid transmission, as well as
determine emergency steps in the event of workers contracting COVID-19.

244. Government regulation concerning COVID-19 can refer to Ministry of Health regulation No
1501 years 2010 concerning certain types of infectious diseases that can cause epidemics and efforts
to deal with them and Instruction of the Minister of Public Works and Housing Number 02 / IN / M /
2020 concerning the Protocol to Prevent the Spread of Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in
Providing Construction Services

10. Increase Employment Opportunities

245. Operation and maintenance of the proposed Pontianak City’s sewerage system will require
several workers. The impact would be beneficial since there will be additional employment
opportunities in the area.
246. Operating unit of the sewerage system is expected to implement a manpower development
program of its workforce. This will help ensure in providing good service to the public and the proper
maintenance of its assets.

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11. Cumulative Effects

247. Cumulative effects generally refer to impacts that are additive or interactive in nature and
result from multiple activities over time. In the case of the Pontianak City subproject, the cumulative
effect would be on the organic and nutrient load to Kapuas River, the WWTP’s discharge point. The
cumulative positive effect of the proposed Pontianak sewerage system is the reduction of the total
organic and nutrient loads to the stream since it will capture a significant portion of the domestic
wastewater that presently find its way to the rivers. This effect highlights the role of the proposed
sewerage system as an environmental improvement infrastructure. In addition, the WWTP effluents
to be discharged to Kapuas and Landak River will have a dilution effect on the stream’s water quality
considering the additional flow from the WWTP.

VI. ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES

Wastewater Technology Option

248. Criteria for some optional or additional technologies units would be given as improvement
options which could be used in design and build phase but will not be used in the basic design. There
are 2 selected technologies, and its treatment train units can be seen on the following table.

Table 46. Wastewater Treatment Technology – Options

Organic Load Processed Treatment train
Treatment Type Description
Capacity Parameters units
Completely Mixed ● Aeration tank with a 0,4 – 1,9 COD Pre-Treatment (pump
Activated Sludge floating aerator or diffuser. kg BOD/m3/day BOD and diffuser/aerator
(CMAS) ● Requires primary and protection):
Ammonia
secondary clarifier and Screen
FOG (limited)
sludge recirculation. Grit Chamber
TSS (organic)
● High sludge production (~ Primary Treatment (TSS
Coliform
40% BOD consumption) and Organic BOD/COD
● Requires a biological reduction):
sludge drying system. Settling Tank/Clarifier
● Will be used in Balikpapan Sludge Handling and
City WWTP. Treatment
Moving Bed ● Aeration tanks containing 6 - 20 COD Pre-Treatment (pump
Bioreactor (MBBR) media (plastic frames) gBOD/m2.day BOD and diffuser/aerator
where bacteria attach and (media OLR) protection):
Ammonia
consume organic Screen
compounds. FOG
300-2000 m2/m3 Grit Chamber
TSS (organic)
● It’s a hybrid process where (Media specific
the activated sludge Coliform
surface area) Primary Treatment (TSS
process is combined with
and Organic BOD/COD
an attached growth
5% - 60% reduction):
process.
(media fill rate) Settling Tank/Clarifier
● Requires clarifier and
optional sludge
recirculation system for Sludge Handling and
enhanced phosphorus Treatment
removal
● Low sludge production (~
5% BOD consumption)
● Will be used in PD PAL

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 Organic Load Processed Treatment train
Treatment Type Description
Capacity Parameters units
DKI Jakarta's treatment
installation.
Source: BED WWTP Pontianak City, 2021

249. Options for sludge handling are provided in the following table
Table 47. Sludge Handling Option

Treatment Load Unit Development

Description
Type Capacity Configuration Cost
Sludge Drying ● Bed which both 0.3 Screen and 8 million rupiah/m2
SDB footprint
Bed precipitate supernatant m3/ m2day receiving Unit
and solar-dry sludge
● Can be used without SDB (set)
thickener or
coagulant/flocculant/ Supernatant
polymer recirculation to
● Drying process in tropical WWTP
area took 14 days,
requiring 15 bed
minimum.
● Dried sludge cake at 30%
solids in tropical area
● Commonly built but not
operational in Indonesia
due to various SOP and
sludge loading issue
Thickener – ● Two steps process which Up to 2.5 Pre-Treatment 1.6 million
Belt Press sludge is thickened then m3/ m2day (pump and rupiah/CMD
further pressed into cake (thickener diffuser/aerator wastewater
with mechanical ) protection):
equipment Screen
● Requires flocculant (Mechanic Grit Chamber
(usually polymer) al press Primary
● Sludge thickening and depends Treatment (TSS
press estimated to took on specs) and Organic
1 day. BOD/COD
● Dried sludge cake at reduction):
20%-30% depending on Settling
loading scheme. Tank/Clarifier
● Implemented in some Sludge Handling
WWTP and FSTP in and Treatment
Indonesia (e.g. Cemara
Medan, Sumur Batu
Bekasi, DKI Jakarta,etc. ).
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Source: BED WWTP Pontianak City, 2021

Non-Conformance and Alternative Corrective Actions

250. Environmental and Social Management Activities should be managed and controlled
because of risk and impact identification by knowing the non-conformity for it. Below is the non-
conformity and alternative of prevention and mitigation activities.

Table 48. Non-Conformity and Corrective Action

Environmental and social Nonconformity list Corrective and preventive action
management activity
1. Water surface or river Exceed the limit of effluent • Periodic monitoring of effluent quality
water quality quality on compliance point • Early warning system effluent quality
pollution than wastewater quality exceeded.
national standard. • Stop effluent release to river

2. Ground water Exceed the limit of ground • Periodic monitoring of wastewater leakage
pollution water quality on monitoring • Report leakage incident to the project
well than natural condition manager
(with existing peat • Leakage handling
groundwater considerations)
3. Grievance mechanism No record of grievance Provide record of grievance
Grievance unsolved Implement grievance mechanism
4. Surface run off Exceed the limit of TSS and • Compacting soil at construction
erosion and pH caused by construction area periodically
sedimentation control activity • Providing sediment trap in drainage
management system.
5. Occupational health No record of work permit Provide work mechanism
and safety action plan No mandatory PPE (safety Provide mandatory PPE
helmet, safety shoes, glasses,
long sleeved clothes)
No record for incident Provide record of incident
6. Dust control Exceed the limit of dust Compacting and watering
management No wearing mask at dusty • Daily safety patrol
area • Safety induction for workers
• Wear mask at dusty area
7. Noise control Exceed the limit of noise • Equipment: install noise reducer
management • Personnel: wear hearing protector
8. Sludge Waste Sludge disposal outside of Transported to local government solid waste
Management WWTP location facilities (TPA) to be used for landfilling or
processed for agricultural products together
with organic waste
9. Community health, No record for incident Provide record of incident
safety, and security

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 10. Odour pollution Potential odorous aerosol ● During BED design, system and
(H2S, Mercaptans, etc.) and technology selection is optimized to
flammable gas (methane) nullify generation of odorous aerosols
and flammable gas in treatment process.
● Back up power and generator to avoid
extended anaerobic situation from
power failure in aeration tank
● close monitoring of the aerobic units to
ensure the conditions are not anaerobic
(without enough oxygen),
● If proposed D&B proposes extensive
anaerobic processes (i.e. anaerobic
digester) anaerobic units covered with a
polymer (such as “Hypalon”) to capture
odor, and biogas capture with flaring
shall be provided (to minimize the
escape of methane gas),
11. Public Consultation & No public consultation Conducting public consultation meeting
Disclosure Plan meeting periodically periodically

VII. INFORMATION DISCLOSURE, CONSULTATION AND PARTICIPATION

A. Information Disclosure
251. Activities for information disclosure, public consultation, and public participation are
part of the overall planning, design process, and construction of the proposed buildings for
wastewater treatment plan and facilities include sewer line network. All the information of
project’s activities and anticipated/potential environmental impacts including the disruptions
may be affected by the project during pre-construction, construction, and operational phase
should be informed to local government (Bappeda) as well as to the village community in the
surrounding areas of the project site. Information delivery of project/subproject activities and
its associated impacts can be undertaken in the form of posters and/or
pamphlets/leaflets/booklets and in the project’s announcement board.

B. Consultations
252. Ensuring subproject success requires meaningful stakeholder’s consultation and
participation, particularly during the preparation of environmental study documents (AMDAL)
as public involvement and information openness is required by GOI rules for EIA process
(Ministry of Environment’s Regulation No. 17/2012) and by the SPS ADB 2009.
253. Bappeda through local consultant has previously prepared draft proposals. During the
consultation phase, joint teams from DLH and Consultants reviewed, discussed, and improved
the proposals to ensure they would meet the needs of the local government and the
requirements stipulated by GOI and the ADB. Consultation and coordination meetings have
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been conducted to get information for the preparation of the project and the IEE for the
proposed construction of WWTP, and Sewer Line by the Bappeda and Local consultant to
inform the public. The public consultation carried out when project missions met local
government, local officials and leaders, and community members. These discussions covered all
relevant stakeholders. The discussions covered broader aspects of the project, including
environmental aspects of the project development.
254. Local Government (Bappeda/DLH) had conducted two Public Consultations for WWTP and
Sewer Line Development Plan. The socialization of the WWTP development plan at RPH Nipah
Kuning was carried out on Thursday, August 13, 2020, at the Sungai Beliung Urban Village
Office. The socialization of the WWTP development plan in Gang Martapura 2 was carried out
on Friday 24 July 2020 at the Benua Melayu Laut Urban Village Office.
255. Public consultation activities in the context of implementing the AMDAL study were
carried out on Wednesday, September 17, 2020, at the Rohana Muthalib Hall, Bappeda
Pontianak City. Bappeda and the Amdal consultant during public consultation conveyed to the
participant:

chronology of Amdal document preparation and environmental permit.

the identity of the initiator and compiler of the Amdal document.
development stages.
predicted impacts, mitigation plan, and environmental management efforts.
public consultation ended with participants questions and Bappeda and Amdal
consultant answer and discussion.
256. Public consultation involves all levels of society at the sub-district level, consisting of
elements from Village Government Institutions, District Governments, Community Figures,
Religious Figures, and communities affected by the planned activities.

C. Participation
257. Directorate General of Housing and Sanitation (DGHS) and Bappeda Kota Pontianak will
disclose the IEE to the public through their website to provide public an opportunity to review the
project design and be engaged in further consultation, if necessary, Similarly, ADB will disclose the
draft and final IEE on its website for public dissemination. Disclosure of information at an early stage
of the project processing has many benefits such as to negate any objections by the public towards
the project and avoid misinformation getting into the public through agitating groups.

VIII. GRIEVANCE REDRESS MECHANISM

258. Grievance mechanism enables affected parties to lodge complaints and/or concerns
regarding the Project, without cost, and with the assurance of a timely and satisfactory
resolution of the issue or complaint. The Grievance Procedure will not replace existing legal
processes. However, based on consensus, the procedures will seek to resolve issues promptly,
without resorting to expensive and time-consuming legal actions
259. Grievance redress mechanism (GRM) is important in the planning and implementation of the
proposed Pontianak City’s WWTP project since any complaint and concern of the affected people
must be address promptly at no cost to the complainant. The grievance could be presented to

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stakeholder’s representatives during the initial public consultation meeting prior to project
construction. The complaint mechanism during construction activities will be informed fully to
stakeholder in areas where construction activities will be undertaken. This is appropriately done
during public consultation during detailed design phase (pre-construction phase). During the
operation of WWTP and Facilities complaints about environmental performance can also be brought
to the attention of Project Implementing Unit, Bappeda, and local environmental agency Pontianak
City.
260. The GRM for the construction activities will again be disclosed to the public in
consultation meeting before the start of construction activities. The Project Implementing Unit
(PIU) of Bappeda and the contractors will inform the local officials and representatives, at the
district, sub-district, and village levels, about the GRM. There will be three levels of GRM. The
first level GRM will handle the first instance of a complaint. If not resolved, then the complaint
will go to the second or even to the third level, as shown in Table below.
261. First Level GRM. A fast resolution to most grievances during construction can easily be
handled by the contractor’ representative at the construction site. At this level, the grievance
should be resolved within two days maximum. If the complaint is not resolved at this level, the
complaint may be elevated to the second level GRM which is the Environmental Complaints
Committee (ECC).
262. Second Level GRM. Environmental Complaint Committee will be created and will be
chaired by the Head of Local PIU. Members will include the following: (i) contractor’s highest
official at the site such as the Construction Manager or Construction Superintendent, (ii) PIU
representative, and (iii) environmental specialist at PIU level. Creation of the Environmental
Complaint Committee (ECC) and its operation, including the procedures for filling of complaints,
will be included in appropriate sections of the civil works contracts with the contractors. This
mechanism will be disclosed in public consultations during detailed design and in public
meetings during the construction phase.
263. Third Level GRM. If the complaint cannot be resolved at the ECC level, the complainant
will bring his complaint to the PMU.
264. Fast resolution of complaints during construction is important since activities are
sometimes continuous and several changes may occur within a week. For the quick filing of
complaints, the ECC will prepare a form to be used for the filing of complaints. The use of this
form will facilitate the filing of complaints by persons who cannot write which may require the
assistance of another person.

265. The steps to be followed in filing complaints and the procedure for handling it are as
follows: (i) complainants will be provide the background information and file the complaint
verbally or in writing to the ECC secretary who will assist the complainant in filling-up the
complaint form, these forms will comprise the GRM log and resolution or other outcome at this
level will be so recorded in the complaint form; (ii) within 2 working days, the Local PIU
representative, contractor representative, and complainant will discuss it if the complaint can
be resolved without calling for a ECC meeting, resolution or other outcome at this level will be
so recorded in the complaint form; (iii) If the complaint cannot be resolved by the Local PIU and
Contractor’s Representative, a ECC meeting will be called with the complainant to resolve the
complaint within 5 working days; (iv) If the complaint cannot be resolved by the ECC meeting, a

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PMU meeting will be called with the complainant to resolve the complaint within 10 working
days, resolution or other outcome at this level will be so recorded in the complaint form;.
266. The outcome of the complaint will be disclosed to the complainant and so noted in the
complaint’s management log.

Table 49. GRM Processing of Complaints

Maximum number of days

GRM Level Person to handle the complaint
to decide on complaint

Contractors’ representative at the

First Level 2 days
construction site

Second Level 5 days Environmental Complaint Committee (ECC)

Third Level 7 days PMU

267. The GRM focal point should be determined before construction work begins. the team
appointed as the GRM implementer must be fully informed including the name, address of the
complaint, telephone number and email.
268. Complaint Register Form

Table 50. Complaint Register Form

WWTP Pontianak City Complaint
Grievance Resolution Procedure
NUMBER
COMPLAINT and CONCERNS NOTIFICATION FORM
--------
Name of Complainant:

Contact No / Address:

Town / Community:

Date Received:

Details of Complaint:

Department involved:

IX. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN

269. Environmental Management Plan defines as mitigation and monitoring measures and
describes the institutions, responsibilities, and mechanisms to monitor and ensure compliance. Such
institutions and mechanisms will seek to ensure continuous improvement of environmental

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protection activities during preconstruction, construction, and operation of the subprojects to
prevent, reduce, or mitigate adverse impacts.

The environmental management plan (EMP) is prepared separately document for each of the
following activities:

1. Construction of WWTP Martapura and Nipah Kuning.

2. Site-specific sewer pipelines per construction bid contract package (2 packages of Martapura
sewerline and 2 packages of Nipah Kuning sewerline)

X. CONCLUTION AND RECOMENDATION

270. This report has been prepared based on field work; data collected from a various of
government and stakeholder consultation; final report basic engineering design wastewater
treatment plan Pontianak City and detail engineering design report sewer line WWTP Pontianak City;
ANDAL and RKL-RPL SPALD Kota Pontianak; LARAP document. As result of process a thorough
assessment has been undertaken of key potential impacts attributable to the construction and
operation of the proposed project.
271. The objectives of this IEE are to: (i) provide information about the general environmental
setting of the project area; (ii) identify impact of the project activities (physical infrastructure
development of the buildings) on the Geo-physical, bio-ecology, socio-economic, and cultural
environment of the project, recommend site specific environmental mitigation measures; and (iii)
prepare an environmental management plan for the project area to ensure that the IEE addresses
the requirements of the following: (a). Relevant Indonesian laws, regulations, and standard practices
and (b) ADB’s Safeguard Policy Statement, July 2009, applicable treaties, and agreements.
272. Based on ADB‟s environmental categorization, the environmental impacts and risks this
project is deemed Environmental Category B, this mean the environmental impacts specific-location
can be readily mitigated, and the locations are not on the ecologically sensitive or high risk with
respect to community health and safety. The type of environmental assessment based on SPS 2009
is the Initial Environmental Examination (IEE) document. For compliance with GOI requirement on
environmental management and protection assessment, A separate Environmental Impact Analysis
(AMDAL) report has been prepared by the Pontianak City BAPPEDA during the basic engineering
design stage. The Environmental Assessment Document (ANDAL, RKL-RPL) has been approved by the
Mayor of Pontianak through Decree No. 1124 / DLH / Year 2020, date 10 December 2021, whereas
Environmental Permit has been issued by Kepala Dinas Penanaman Modal Tenaga Kerja Dan
Pelayanan Terpadu Satu Pintu Kota Pontianak through Decree No. 45 / DPMTKPTSP / Year 2021,
date 28 Januari 2021
273. Wastewater from the proposed Pontianak City’s sewer network system will drain to a 12-
MLD Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP) located at RPH Nipah Kuning and Jalan Martapura 2.
WWTP’s effluent discharge point is the Kapuas River. The MBBR 12 MLD module will be applied with
the key parameters of effluent TSS: 2.9 mg /l, COD: 36.2mg /l, BOD: 5.9 mg /l, Ammonia: 0.6mg /l,
Nitrite: 0, 82 mg /l, Total Phosphate: 5.29 mg /l.
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274. Pre-construction phase impacts are primarily related to the Project siting, climate change
adaptation and mitigation, including preparation of land acquisition. The land status in the Gang
Martapura 2 IPAL is residential area land that has a title of ownership (SHM). The main landowner to
be built by the IPAL in Gang Martapura 2 is Pak Budiman with a total land area of more than 1
hectare. Other landowners (± 10 people) have an area of around 300 - 500 m2. At the location of the
development plan there is a grave with the status of waqf and non-donated land. Tombs with the
status of waqf land are at the location where the IPAL is not built. Meanwhile, non-waqf graves will
be relocated to locations where the WWTP will not be built.

275. Construction phase impact are associated with nuisance and problems to the public during
site preparation on WWTP site and sewer pipeline development. These include environmental
management provisions on the following issues: erosion and sediment runoff, noise and dust,
vehicular traffic, construction wastes, oil and fuel spillages, construction camps and public safety and
convenience.
276. A comprehensive EMP has been developed which includes good international construction
and operation phase mitigation measures; a rigorous environmental monitoring and reporting plan
with corrective actions if required; development and implementation of occupational and
community health and safety plans; and training and capacity building. A project Grievance Redress
Mechanism has also been developed.
277. Monitoring and evaluation of implemented Environmental Management Plan during
construction phase, must ensure the availability of environmental experts at the construction stage
both in the contractor's organizational structure as well as in project management and supervision
consultants.

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 Annexures

1. Environmental Permit of SPALD Kota Pontianak

2. Rapid Environmental Assessment for WWTP’s Pontianak City
3. Attached VI concerning National Water Quality Standard
4. Attached VII concerning National Ambien Quality Standard.
5. Domestic Wastewater Quality Standard.
6. Summary of Public Consultation for IEE-EMP

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