CHRONIC

OBSTRUCTIVE
PULMONARY
DISEASE

Group 3-(68-100)
 DEFINITION OF COPD

▪ COPD,a common preventable and treatable disease is characterised by

persistent airflow limitation that is usually progressive and associated with
an enhanced chronic inflammatory response in the airways and the lung
to noxious particles or gases.
 LUNG VOLUME AND CAPACITIES
❑ Total lung capacity(TLC): total volume of air the lung
can hold.
❑ Residual volume(RV):the volume of air remaining in the
lung after a forceful expiration.
❑ Forced vital capacity(FVC):the total volume expired by a
forced maximal expiration from a position of maximal
inhalation.
❑ Forced expiratory volume in 1 sec(FEV1):the volume of
air expired in the first second of maximal forced
expiration from a position of full inspiration.
INTERPRETATION OF FEV1,FVC AND FEV1/FVC RATIO

FEV1 FVC FEV1/FVC

RATIO
OBSTRUCTIVE Normal Normal
(very mild obstruction) (mid obstruction)
LUNG DISEASE OR Decreased
OR
Decreased (<70‰)
Decreased
(severed obstruction) (severed obstruction)
RESTRICTIVE
Normal Normal
LUNG DISEASE OR Decreased OR
Decreased Increased
(≥70‰)
❑ OBSTRUCTIVE: TLC↑,RV↑

❑ RESTRICTIVE:TLC↓,RV↓
FIOW VOLUME LOOP
 PRACTICAL CASES
CASE 3
predicted Observed ‰ Predicted

FVC(L) 2.72 2.39 88

FEV1(L) 2.32 2.16 93
FEV1/FVC 81.5 90.38 111

OBSERVATIONS:
FVC↓,FEV1↓ AND FEV1/FVC↑

DIAGNOSIS:
RESTRICTIVE LUNG DISEASED
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