Republic of the Philippines

City of Taguig

TAGUIG CITY UNIVERSITY

Gen. Santos Avenue, Central Bicutan, Taguig City

Perater, Janine Erika Mae U.

BSTM D-2020

APPLICATION AND ASSESSMENT (LESSON 6)

1. Conduct a research on whether tourism and hospitality is a blessing or blight to

destination which are densely populated.
Wallace (2006) submits that “tourism can be both a blessing and a blight for host
communities.” He further posits as the ecological and economic impacts of tourism loan
themselves to the simple and object dimensions, the depressing social impacts are highly
qualitative, subjective in nature and normally difficult to evaluate and quantify. Wallace
(2009, 191) further postulated that tourism impact in an economic context which can be
measured using indicators such as money. Similarly, the environmental brunt can be
deliberated on vegetation loss but the social impacts are infrequently measured.
Mathieson and Wall (1982, 177) stated that “there are also those impacts that may be
identifiable, such as increased crime rates, drug abuse and prostitution; however, they are
difficult to attribute to tourism rather than other factors of influence such as media intrusion
and modernization.” Abdullah et al, (1974), alleged that “there is no doubt that tourism is
beneficial to host communities, however the negative costs do accrue”.
Wallace (2009, 197) stated that “there is a perception among the ordinary man on the street
that tourism is not all good”. This point has been validated by Mak (2004, 9) whom stated that
“people have become aware that tourism can be a blight as well as a blessing and are
demanding a more careful evaluation of its benefits and costs”. Additionally, Mak (2004, 3)
submits that the pervasive problem of tourism can also lead to the loss of cultural identity and
increase antisocial delinquent activities which include crime and prostitution. Furthermore
(cited in Wallace 2009, 197), Fotsch (2004, 780) stated that “tourism can be understood in its
growing importance for urban economies, however, he submits that ‘tourism has
consequences beyond its economic costs.” Young (1973) in his article ‘Tourism: blessing or
blight’ has established empirical evidence to support the negative consequences of tourism
which include specific environmental, political, socio-cultural and economic consequences as
alleged crisis of mass tourism.
In another research, Croall (1995: 1) stated that “A spectre is haunting our planet: the spectre
of tourism. It’s said that travel broadens the mind. Today, in its modern guise of tourism, it can
also ruin landscapes, destroy communities, pollute air and water, trivialise cultures, bring
about uniformity, and generally contribute to the continuing degradation of life on our planet”
Wall and Mathieson (2006) argued that the important point is that the environmental, social
and economic costs of tourism were increasingly seen as outweighing its developmental
benefits; in other words, tourism development (particularly mass tourism) was increasingly
considered to be unsustainable. Additionally, Ash (1975, cited in Wallace 2009, 198) supports
the view that “tourism is all good and that it contributes towards the development of the third
world”, however, Britton and Clarke (1997) pointed out that “mass tourism may have
collaborated in hindering the permanency of local cultures and in spreading processes like
prostitution and delinquency”.
In another study, Poon (1993, 287) submits that tourism is twofold, it is a double edged sword
which can be a potential blessing and it can also be a blight and many tourist destinations
benefit from the advantages of flows of tourists currencies that they bring. However, on the
contrary, Poon argued that “they have not completely avoided some of tourism’s negative
consequences- prostitution, crime, deviance, commercialization of culture and changing social
norms and values”. Therefore, according to Brown (1992) “Tourism can be both a blight and a
blessing to host communities.”

2. According to some anthropologist, tourism and hospitality commercializes history

and culture. Explain.
• The answer is not simply yes. The answer is yes and this is not a matter of
opinion or theory on the part of “some anthropologists.” It is a fact. It is a fact
like such as humans breathe air. How and why is this a fact, regardless of
whether you agree with its facticity or with the moral-ethical nature of it. It is
the factual reality of capitalism that all aspects of the psychological, social,
cultural, experiential, and historical lives of humans are commercialized for
the purpose of creating value added to that which is exchanged. Tourism sells
experiences. Experiences of what? of cultures, human interaction, the past, the
present, memories, symbols, aesthetics… everything and anything. Thus the
invention of the concept of “heritage” as the commodity that is being
commercialized as an experience for consumers. Tourism is an economic
activity. It is an economic activity, within the world historical condition of
capitalism, regardless if one pretends that it is not. And, it is economic in
addition to whatever else it might be — cultural, adventure, medical travel,
ecotravel, proselytizing. Short term missionary work and all humanitarian aid
in which people choose to participate are both forms of tourism and economic
modes of converting experience into economic value added, in addition to
whatever else it, the travel, the experience, the sightseeing, do or achieve
.
3. Conduct a study on whether increased tourism and hospitality necessarily brings
about increased crime.
• Tourism has become a common phenomenon, very important for various
reasons, especially for developing regions and countries, and which in
consequence has been perceived as positive. However, increasingly commonly
works have cast a slightly different look. Tourism leads to a temporarily
increased number of people in a relatively small area, and contributes to the
introduction of ‘strangers’ to local communities which can lead to problems
such as crime. On the other hand, a higher risk of being a victim may lead to
the reduced attractiveness of a given destination. A small number of studies in
this field draw attention to this, concentrating on a general outline of their
interdependence but specific urban tourist areas are rarely the subject of
research. This review covers various works on the relationship between
tourism and crime.