ROTATOR CUFF MUSCLES (SITS)

MUSCLE ORIGIN INSERTION NERVE SUPPLY ACTION

Supraspinatus Supraspinous fossa of the Greater tubercle of the Suprascapular nerve Initiates abduction (0-15
scapula humerus degree) of arm

Infraspinatus Infraspinous fossa of the Greater tubercle of the Suprascapular nerve Lateral rotation of arm
scapula humerus

Teres minor Axillary border of the Greater tubercle of the Axillary nerve Adduction of arm
scapula humerus Lateral rotation of arm

Subscapularis Subscapular fossa of the Lesser tubercle of the Upper and lower Adduction of arm
scapula humerus subscapular nerve Medial rotation of arm

*Rotator cuff muscles provide stability and rotation for the shoulder joint as it pulls the head of humerus towards the glenoid fossa of the
scapula (maintains the stability of the glenohumeral joint)

SHOULDER MUSCLE
MUSCLE ORIGIN INSERTION NERVE SUPPLY ACTION
Deltoid Clavicle Deltoid tuberosity of the Axillary nerve Clavicle part: adduction
Acromion of the scapula humerus and medial rotation of
Spine of the scapula arm
Acromion part: continues
abduction from (15-90
degree) of the arm
Spine part: adduction and
lateral rotation of arm

Teres major Posterior surface of Intertubercular sulcus of Lower subscapular nerve Adduction of arm
inferior angle of the the humerus Medial rotation of arm
scapula
SHOULDER MUSCLE 2.0
MUSCLE ORIGIN INSERTION NERVE SUPPLY ACTION
Pectoralis major Medial half of clavicle Lateral lip of Medial and lateral Flexion of arm
Anterior surface of the intertubercular groove of pectoral nerve Adduction of arm
sternum the humerus Medial rotation of arm
Superior 6 costal cartilage

Pectoralis minor 3rd to 5th ribs Superior surface of medial Medial pectoral nerve Pulls the shoulder down
border of coracoid anterior inferiorly
process of the scapula

Subclavius Junction of 1st rib and Inferior surface of the Nerve to subclavius Stabilize sternoclavicular
costal cartilage shaft of the clavicle joint

Serratus anterior External surface of 1st to Anterior surface of medial Long thoracic nerve Rotation of scapula
8th ribs border of scapula Pulls scapula anteriorly

MUSCLE OF THE ARM (BBC + T)

MUSCLE ORIGIN INSERTION NERVE SUPPLY ACTION
Brachialis Lower half of anterior Ulnar tuberosity of the Musculocutaneous nerve Flexion of forearm and EJ
aspect of the humerus humerus

Biceps brachii Long head: supraglenoid Radial tuberosity of the Musculocutaneous nerve Flexion of forearm and EJ
tubercle of the scapula humerus
Short head: Coracoid
process of the scapula

Coracobrachialis Coracoid process of the Medial border of the Musculocutaneous nerve Flexion of the arm
scapula humerus
Triceps Long head: Infraglenoid Olecranon Radial nerve Extension of forearm and
tubercle of the scapula EJ
Medial head: posterior Adduct arm
surface of the humerus
below radial groove
Lateral head: posterior
surface of the humerus
lateral to radial groove

FLEXOR MUSCLES OF FOREARM (SUPERFICIAL) PFPFF

MUSCLE ORIGIN INSERTION NERVE SUPPLY ACTION
Pronator teres Medial epicondyle of the Lateral surface of the Median nerve Pronation of forearm
humerus and coronoid radius
process of ulna

Flexor carpi radialis Medial epicondyle of the 2nd and 3rd metacarpal Median nerve Abduction of WJ
humerus bone Flexion of WJ

Palmaris longus Medial epicondyle of the Palmar aponeurosis of the Median nerve Flexion of WJ
humerus hand

Flexor carpi ulnaris Humeral head: medial Pisiform Ulnar nerve Adduction of WJ
epicondyle of the Hook of hamate Flexion of WJ
humerus 5th metacarpal of the hand
Ulnar head: olecranon of
ulna and posterior border
of ulna

Flexor digitorum Medial epicondyle of the Middle phalanges of 2nd to Median nerve Flexion of WJ, MP, PIP
superficialis humerus and coronoid 5th fingers
process of ulna
Anterior surface of radius
FLEXOR MUSCLES OF FOREARM (DEEP) FFP
MUSCLE ORIGIN INSERTION NERVE SUPPLY ACTION
Flexor pollicis longus Anterior surface of radius Base of distal phalanx of Median nerve of anterior Flexion of MP & IP of
and interosseus the thumb interosseus nerve thumb
membrane
Flexor digitorum Anterior and medial Base of distal phalanx of Lateral half: median nerve Flexion of MP & IP of 2nd
profundus surface of ulna and 2nd to 5th fingers of anterior interosseus to 5th fingers
interosseus membrane nerve
Medial half: ulnar nerve
Pronator quadratus Distal anterior surface of Distal anterior surface of Median nerve of anterior Pronation of forearm
ulna radius interosseus nerve

EXTENSOR MUSCLES OF FOREARM (SUPERFICIALIS) BRR DDUA

MUSCLE ORIGIN INSERTION NERVE SUPPLY ACTION
Brachioradialis Lateral supracondylar of Styloid process of the Radial nerve Flexion of forearm and EJ
the humerus radius

Extensor carpi radialis Lateral supracondylar of Base of 2nd metacarpal Radial nerve Extension of WJ
longus the humerus bone Abduction of WJ

Extensor carpi radialis Lateral epicondyle of the Base of 3rd metacarpal Deep branch of radial Extension of WJ
brevis humerus bone nerve Abduction of WJ

Extensor digitorum Lateral epicondyle of the Extensor expansion of 2nd Radial nerve of posterior Extension of WJ, MP, DIP,
humerus to 5th fingers interosseus nerve PIP of 2nd to 5th fingers

Extensor digiti minimi Lateral epicondyle of the Extensor expansion of 5th Radial nerve of posterior Extension of 5th finger
humerus finger interosseus nerve
Extensor carpi ulnaris Lateral epicondyle of the Base of 5th metacarpal Radial nerve of posterior Extension of the hand
humerus bone interosseus nerve Adduction of the hand
Posterior surface of ulna

Anconeus Lateral epicondyle of the Olecranon and posterior Radial nerve of posterior Extension of forearm and
humerus surface of ulna interosseus nerve EJ

EXTENSOR MUSCLES OF FOREARM (DEEP) SAPPI

MUSCLE ORIGIN INSERTION NERVE SUPPLY ACTION
Supinator Lateral epicondyle of the Anterior, lateral and Radial nerve of posterior Supination of forearm
humerus posterior surface of radius interosseus nerve
Supinator crest of ulna

Abductor pollicis longus Posterior surface of the Base of 1st metacarpal Radial nerve of posterior Abduction of CM of
radius and ulna and bone interosseus nerve thumb
interosseus membrane

Extensor pollicis longus Posterior surface of ulna Distal base of thumb Radial nerve of posterior Extension of CM, MP of
and interosseus interosseus nerve thumb
membrane

Extensor pollicis brevis Posterior surface of radius Proximal base of thumb Radial nerve of posterior Extension of CM, MP, IP of
and interosseus interosseus nerve thumb
membrane

Extensor indicis Posterior surface of ulna Extensor expansion of 2nd Radial nerve of posterior Extension of index finger
and interosseus finger interosseus nerve
membrane
MUSCLES OF HAND (THENAR EMINENCE) FAO
MUSCLE ORIGIN INSERTION NERVE SUPPLY ACTION
Flexor pollicis brevis Tubercle of trapezium and Base of proximal phalanx Median nerve Flexion of thumb
flexor retinaculum of thumb

Abductor pollicis brevis Tubercles of scaphoid and Lateral side of proximal Median nerve Abduction of thumb
trapezium and flexor phalanx of thumb
retinaculum

Opponens pollicis Tubercle of trapezium and Lateral side of 1st Median nerve Opposition of thumb
flexor retinaculum metacarpal bone

MUSCLE OF HAND (HYPOTHENAR EMINENCE) FAO

MUSCLE ORIGIN INSERTION NERVE SUPPLY ACTION
Flexor digiti minimi brevis Hook of hamate and Medial side of base of Deep branch of ulnar Flexion of MP of 5th finger
flexor retinaculum proximal phalanx of 5th nerve
finger

Abductor digiti minimi Pisiform Medial side of base of Deep branch of ulnar Abduction of 5th finger
proximal phalanx of 5th nerve
finger

Opponens digiti minimi Hook of hamate and Median side of 5th Deep branch of ulnar Opposition of 5th finger
flexor retinaculum metacarpal nerve
MUSCLES OF HAND 2.0 PDL
MUSCLE ORIGIN INSERTION NERVE SUPPLY ACTION
Palmar interossei Palmar surface of 2nd, 4th Extensor expansion of 2nd, Deep branch of ulnar Adduction of fingers of
and 5th 4th and 5th fingers nerve MP
metacarpophalangeal
joint

Dorsal interossei Adjacent side of 2 Extensor expansion of 2nd Deep branch of ulnar Abduction of fingers of
metacarpal to 4th fingers nerve MP

Lumbricals Radial side of profunda Extensor expansion Lateral side 2: median Flexion of MP
tendon nerve Extension of DIP & PIP
Medial side 2: ulnar nerve

MUSCLE OF HAND 3.0 PA

MUSCLE ORIGIN INSERTION NERVE SUPPLY ACTION
Palmaris brevis Palmar aponeurosis and Medial side of hand Ulnar nerve Deepens curvature of
flexor retinaculum hand

Adductor pollicis Oblique part: base of 1st Medial side of base of Ulnar nerve Adduction of thumb
and 2nd metacarpal bones proximal phalanx of
Transverse part: palmar thumb
surface of 3rd metacarpal
shaft