Array in C Language

Inde x

Introducing Arrays.
Declaration of a Array. Variables,
Creating Arrays.
The Length of Arrays.
Initializing Arrays.
Multidimensional Arrays.
 Introducing A r r a y s
 Array is a data structure that represents a
collection of the same types of data.
int num[10];
Num reference num [0]
num[1]
num[2]
num [3]
An Array of 10 Elements
num[4] of type int.
num[5]
num[6]
num[7]
num[8]
num[9]
 Declaring A r r a y Variables

 Data type array name[index];

Example:
int list[10];
char num[15];
float hat[20];
 Creating A r r a y s
Data type array-name[size];
Example:
int num[10];

num[0]references the first element in the

array.
num[9]references the last element in the
array.
 The Length o f A r r a y s
 Once an array is created, its size is fixed. It
cannot be changed.
For Example,
int arr[10];

You can not insert any number to arr[11]

location because it is not initialized.
 Initializing A r r a y s

 Declaring, creating, initializing in one

step:
int my Array[5] = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5};
int studentAge[4];
studentAge[0] = 14;
studentAge[1] = 13;
studentAge[2] = 15;
studentAge[3] = 16;
 Initializing A r r a y s

If you omit the size of the array, an array

just big enough to hold the initialization is
created. Therefore, if you write −
int my Array[5] = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5};
Multidimensional A r r a y s
int matrix[10] [10];
for (i=0; i<10; i++)
for (j=0; j<10; j++)
{
matrix[i] [j] = i * j;
}
 Multidimensional A r r a y
Illustration
0 1 2 3 4 0 1 2 3 4
0 1 2
0 0
0 1 2 3
1 1
1 4 5 6
2 2 7
2 7 8 9
3 3
3 10 11 12
4 4

int matrix[5] [5]; int[][] array ={

matrix[2] [1] = 7
{1, 2, 3},
{4, 5, 6},
{7, 8, 9},
{10, 11, 12}};
 Initializing o f
Multidimensional A r r a y s
To declare, create and initialize a
multidimensional array.
For example,
Int array[3][4] = {
{1, 2, 3},
{4, 5, 6},
{7, 8, 9},
{10, 11, 12}
};
This is equivalent to the following statements:
array[0][0] = 1; array[0][1] = 2; array[0][2] = 3;
array[1][0] = 4; array[1][1] = 5; array[1][2] = 6;
array[2][0] = 7; array[2][1] = 8; array[2][2] = 9;
array[3][0] = 10; array[3][1] = 11; array[3][2] = 12;
 Conclusion
 Advantage : using arrays you can have
random access to any element

 Disadvantage : once the size has been

declared you can not increase or reduce
the size of the array
 Excercise

1. Write a program in C to find transpose of

a given matrix
2. Print all unique elements of an array
3. WAP to rotate elements of an array by n
postion, n=integer input
4. Write a program in C to count the
frequency of each element of an array.
5. Write a c prog to find min and max
element of an array