10 Different Shapes of DOME Development at Mahmoud Ramadan

10
Diﬀerent Shapes of
DOME
Development
MAHMOUD RAMADAN
Different Shapes of
10 DOME
Development
AUTHOR :
MAHMOUD RAMADAN
Assistant Lecturer at Department of Architectural Engineering,
Faculty of Engineering, Mansoura University, Egypt.
Supervisor of Architectural Models Lab at Department of
Architectural Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Mansoura
University, Egypt.
Arch_MRamadan@Mans.Edu.Eg
+201001065068
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Praise to Allah, who has guided us to this; and we would never have been guided if
Allah had not guided us.
I would like to express my sincere gratitude to all those who have contributed to bring
this book fruition. First and foremost, I would like to thank my Teachers,
Professor: Tarek Abou Ouf who taught me the Technique of making the architectural
models.
Professor: Osama Farag who guiding and supporting me.
Finally, and most importantly, I must express my very profound gratitude to my parents,
my brother Saleh, my sisters, my nieces Ashraqet & Lara and my nephew Mazen for
providing me with unfailing support, continuous encouragement.
10 Different Shapes of DOME Development By : Mahmoud Ramadan
DOMES IN ARCHITECTURE
DEFINITION OF DOME :
Dome (from Latin domus) is a structural element in architecture similar to the upper half of a hollow
sphere, mainly placed directly upon a rotunda wall, a drum, or a system of squinches or pendentives
used to accommodate the transition in shape from a rectangular or square space to the round or
polygonal base of the dome. A dome's apex may be closed or may be open in the form of an oculus,
which may itself be covered with a roof lantern and cupola.
Dome-shaped structures do have many advantages like energy-efficient (easy to heat and cool the
interior), strong and durable, weatherproof, and easy to maintain.
Dome has changed its shape, functions, and materials from time to time representing the
advancement of human beings in mathematics, materials, and production techniques.
MATERIALS OF DOMES:
Domes have been constructed over the centuries from mud, snow, stone, wood, brick, concrete,
metal, glass, and plastic.
SYMBOLISM OF DOMES:
The symbolism associated with domes includes mortuary, celestial, and governmental traditions
that have likewise altered over time. The domes of the modern world can be found over religious
buildings, legislative chambers, sports stadiums, and a variety of functional structures.
History OF DOMES:
Domes have a long architectural lineage that extends back into prehistory. Domes were built in
ancient Mesopotamia, and they have been found in Persian, Hellenistic, Roman, and Chinese
architecture in the ancient world, as well as among a number of indigenous building traditions
throughout the world. Dome structures were common in both Byzantine architecture and Sasanian
architecture, which influenced that of the rest of Europe and Islam, respectively, in the Middle Ages.
The domes of European Renaissance architecture spread from Italy in the early modern period,
while domes were frequently employed in Ottoman architecture at the same time. Baroque and
Neoclassical architecture took inspiration from Roman domes.
TYPES OF DOMES:
There are hundreds, even thousands of domed structures all over the world. There are
Hemispherical domes, onion domes, geodesic domes, oval domes, saucer domes, sail domes, and
umbrella domes. There are ancient domes as well as contemporary domes. No matter their type or
age, all domes rely on the same natural forces to keep them in place, and provide expansive and
unobstructed space.
A Hemispherical An Onion Dome A Geodesic Dome An Oval Dome A Saucer Dome A Sail Dome An Umbrella Dome
Dome
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Cut Introduction
Fold
Guide Page No. 1
DEVELOPMENT OF SURFACES
DEFINITION OF DEVELOPMENT:
"The development of surface of an object means the unrolling and unfolding of all surfaces
of the object on a plane ."
"If the surface of a solid is laid out on a plain surface ,the shape thus obtained is called the
development of that solid."
In other words, the development of a solid is the shape of a plain sheet that by proper folding could
be converted into the shape of the concerned solid.
PRINCIPLE OF DEVELOPMENT :
Every line on the development should show the true length of the corresponding line on the surface
which is developed.
METHODS OF DEVELOPMENT :
1. Parallel-line development
2. Radial-line development
3. Triangulation development
4. Approximate development
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Cut Introduction
Fold
Guide Page No. 2
5 Simple Steps :
1 Choose the shape

and Print it 2 Cut along the solid
lines ( ) 3 Fold along the dotted
lines ( ) 4 Glue the shape edges
5 The Shape Complete
Tools and Materials :

Manual Cutting Tools CNC Cutting Machines
Scissors Paper Cutter Pen Cutter Cutting Plotter Laser cutting
Auxiliary Tools Glue Printing
Steel Ruler Cutting Mat Super Glue Glue Stick Printer A3 Paper
Paper types : Printing :

Plain Paper The development of surfaces were made for
Such as copy paper, since it is thin and easy all the ten different shapes of dome with a
to fold. diameter of10 cm, to be printing on A3 size
paper with a custom scale of 100%.
Matte Photo Paper
A thick paper suitable for making paper If you want a dome with a different diameter,
models. It is recommended as it produces the custom scale of printing will be done with
great color. an increase or decrease ratio.
Plus Glossy II For example, if you want to make a dome with
A glossy paper used for printing photos. It a diameter of 12 cm, the shape development
has a beautiful finish. will be print with a custom scale of 120%.
High-Res Paper And if you want to make a dome with a
It is a paper for inkjet printing that is slightly diameter of 8.7 cm, the shape development will
thicker than plain paper and has good color be print with a custom scale of 87%, and so on.
development.
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Cut Instructions
Fold
Guide Page No. 3
Shape No. 1 Page No. 5 Shape No. 2 Page No. 7 Shape No. 3 Page No. 8
Shape No. 10 Page No. 16

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Cut All Shapes
Fold
Guide Page No. 4 10
ELEVATION
PLAN
DEVELOPMENT (A)
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Cut Shape No.

Fold
Guide Page No. 5 1
DEVELOPMENT (B) DEVELOPMENT (C)
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Cut Shape No.

Fold
Guide Page No. 6 1
ELEVATION
PLAN
DEVELOPMENT
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Cut Shape No.

Fold
Guide Page No. 7 2
ELEVATION
PLAN
DEVELOPMENT
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Cut Shape No.

Fold
Guide Page No. 8
3
ELEVATION
PLAN
DEVELOPMENT
0 5 10 Cut Shape No.

4
1 2 3 4 6 7 8 9
Fold
Guide Page No. 9
SIDE ELEVATION ELEVATION
PLAN
DEVELOPMENT

5
1 2 3 4 6 7 8 9
Fold
Guide Page No. 10
PLAN
DEVELOPMENT
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Cut Shape No.

Fold
Guide Page No. 11 6
ELEVATION
PLAN
DEVELOPMENT (A)
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Cut Shape No.

Fold
Guide Page No. 12 7
DEVELOPMENT (B) DEVELOPMENT (C)
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Cut Shape No.

Fold
Guide Page No. 13
7
ELEVATION
PLAN
DEVELOPMENT
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Cut Shape No.

Fold
Guide Page No. 14 8
PLAN

9
1 2 3 4 6 7 8 9
Fold
Guide Page No. 15
ELEVATION
PLAN
DEVELOPMENT
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Cut Shape No.

Fold
Guide Page No. 16 10
Praying to ALLAH Almighty to benefit us from that
which ALLAH taught us, and teach us that which
benefit us, and increase us in knowledge.
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10

1 Choose the shape

Tools and Materials :

Scissors Paper Cutter Pen Cutter Cutting Plotter Laser cutting

Auxiliary Tools Glue Printing

Paper types : Printing :

Shape No. 10 Page No. 16

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Cut Shape No.

DEVELOPMENT (B) DEVELOPMENT (C)

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Cut Shape No.

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Cut Shape No.

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Cut Shape No.

0 5 10 Cut Shape No.

SIDE ELEVATION ELEVATION

0 5 10 Cut Shape No.

SIDE ELEVATION ELEVATION

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Cut Shape No.

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Cut Shape No.

DEVELOPMENT (B) DEVELOPMENT (C)

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Cut Shape No.

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Cut Shape No.

SIDE ELEVATION ELEVATION

0 5 10 Cut Shape No.

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Cut Shape No.

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