LEAF STUDY

VERBS AND THEIR CONJUGATION SIMPLE PRESENT AFFIRMATIVE LIVE LIVE LIVES LIVE LIVE LIVE NEGATIVE I don t live You don t live He/She/It doesn t live We don t live You don t live They don t live INTERROGATIVE Do I Live? Do you Live? Does he/she/it Live? Do we live? Do you Live? Do they live?

I YOU HE/SHE/IT WE YOU THEY NOTE:

The Simple Present tense is used when we want to talk about regular actions, permanent situations, habits, feeling, general truths and future intentions already planned. And general we add S, in the third person singular. Attention: If the verb end in: S;CH; SH; Z; X We add ES. If the verb end in: Y We add : change Y by i, and we add es ies. o But if before the Y we have vowel, we add S.

Negative: DO end NOT Is the verb used for the negative. o Ex: She don t like sound.

Interrogative: In the interrogative form, there is an inversion between the auxiliary verb and the subject o Do he work?

BE HAVE- DO -only these verbs have their own way for the negative and interrogative. Identifying words They re words that help you choose the correct tense to use. Some of them are: Every day, month, year, on Mondays with the days of the week on a regular action. Frequency Adverbs: once twice three times a day/year/month.

Examples: He never tells the truth. / Joe is always late for school. / Cathy wakes up early every day. / Susan usually has breakfast in the kitchen.

Present Progressive The Present Progressive tense, also called Present Continuous is used to talk about something that is happening at the moment of speaking; it describes a continuing action or event that is occurring at that moment. Note: The Present Progressive is a tense consists of two verbs: an auxiliary verb (be) in the Present, plus the main verb ending in ing. AFFIRMATIVE I am working You are working He/She/It is working We are working You are working They are working NEGATIVE I am not working You aren t working He/She/It isn t working We aren t working You aren t working They aren t working INTERROGATIVE Am I working? Are you working? Is he/she/it working? Are we working? Are you working? Are they working?

I YOU HE/SHE/IT WE YOU THEY

Examples: Mark is opening the door. Mr Luther is working in a factory.

Identifying words They re words that help you choose the correct tense to use. Some of them are: Now (agora); at the moment (neste momento); these days (nestes dias); today (hoje) o Ex.  Now I m eating a delicious chocolate cake.  She s spending a lot of money these days.  At the moment Gaby is sleeping.

Attention

The Present Progressive is employed to indicate that the action takes place at a time when we are talking about or the very near future and well defined.
(O present Progressive emprega-se para indicar que a aco decorre no momento em que se est a falar ou num futuro muito prximo e bem definido.)

SIMPLE PAST The Simple Past tense is used to talk about completed and finished or events in the past. AFFIRMATIVE NEGATIVE INTERROGATIVE I I danced I didn t dance Did I dance? YOU You danced You didn t dance Did you dance? HE/SHE/IT He/She/It danced He/She/It didn t dance Did he/she/it dance? WE We danced We didn t dance Did we dance? YOU You danced You didn t dance Did you dance? THEY They dance They didn t dance Did they dance? The past simple tense of the most english verbs (regular verbs) is formed by adding"-ed"/"-d" to their base form. (If the verb ends in "-e", we add "-d" to form the past simple.) Regular verbs: base form + "-ed" or "-d": work + "-ed" = worked / live + "-d" = lived There are also some verbs called irregular verbs that have special past tense forms. (See list of irregular verbs) Example: Irregular verbs: past I/you/he/she/it/we/they saw

Example 1. We arrived at 9:00 o'clock. 2. This morning I went to the supermarket. 3. The teacher went to the desk. 4. He didn't hear the telephone. 5. Susan bought her little sister a doll. 6. We came here in 1980. 7. I worked at Johnson & Co. from 1990 to 1995. 8. My brother lived in London for six years. (he doesn't live there anymore) 1. It happened one night in the winter. 2. She opened her bag, took out the key and unlocked the door. 1. World War II ended in 1945. 2. Romans built strong bridges.

Use to to describe actions and situations that happened in the past. These actions and situations were started and finished in the past. The sentence often contains an adverb or adverb phrase of time, such as yesterday, the other day, last night, last week, three days ago, a few minutes ago, in (year), from (year) to (year), etc. to tell a story and to express actions which follow each other in a story to refer to the historical past or to events that have happened in the distant past relative to the speaker

1. David said that he was tired. for reporting what someone said 2. The doctor told me that I would have to (converting from direct to reported speech) stay in the hospital for a week. 1. When Peter arrived, I was reading a book. to talk about action in the past that take 2. I was having a bath when the phone rang. place in the middle of another action Spelling rules for the past simple of regular verbs: if a regular verb ends in consonant + y change y to i and add -ed: carry - carried, study - studied, fry - fried, try - tried if a one syllable regular verb ends in consonant + vowel + consonant double the final consonant and add -ed -- > stop - stopped, plan - planned, rob - robbed, beg - begged if a regular verb has more than one syllable and ends in consonant + vowel + consonant, we double the final consonant only if the final syllable is stressed -- > preFER - preferred, regRET - regretted The simple past refers to actions or events that took place in the past and at present has been completed.

Future
You can express future intentions using different tenses or verbs. At the moment we re just working with be going to and Will AFFIRMATIVE I am going to play You are going to play He/She/It is going to play We are going to play You are going to play They are going to play NEGATIVE I am not going to play You aren t going to Play He/She/It isn t going to play We aren t going to play You aren t going to play They aren t going to play INTERROGATIVE Am I going to play? Are you going to play?
Is he/she/it going to play?

I YOU HE/SHE/IT WE YOU THEY

Are we going to play? Are you going to play? Are they going to play?

Simple Future has two different forms in English: "will" and "be going to." Although the two forms can sometimes be used interchangeably, they often express two very different meanings. These different meanings might seem too abstract at first, but with time and practice, the differences will become clear. Both "will" and "be going to" refer to a specific time in the future. FORM Be Going To: [am/is/are + going to + verb] Examples: "Be going to" to Express a Plan "Be going to" expresses that something is a plan. It expresses the idea that a person intends to do something in the future. It does not matter whether the plan is realistic or not. Will" to Express a Voluntary Action "Will" often suggests that a speaker will do something voluntarily. A voluntary action is one the speaker offers to do for someone else. Often, we use "will" to respond to someone else's complaint or request for help. We also use "will" when we request that someone help us or volunteer to do something for us. Similarly, we use "will not" or "won't" when we refuse to voluntarily do something. "Will" to Express a Promise "Will" is usually used in promises. Example 1. I will finish my report later today. 2. The sun will rise at 6:03 am. 3. I'll go to the market tomorrow. 4. There will be another conference next month. 5. I'll come to see you on Sunday. 6. We'll be back on Friday afternoon. 7. Tom will visit his parents next week. 8. They will paint the fence blue. 9. I will return in two hours. 10. He will finish his homework in twenty minutes. 11. Jane will turn 18 this year. 12. The wedding will take place on May 8th. The ceremony will begin at 4pm, followed by a meal and a big party. Use To: to say that something will happen in the future. Adverbs of time that will indicate such tense may include, tomorrow, today, later today, in five minutes, in two hours, on Monday, on Saturday afternoon, next week/month, this year, etc. ! Note that when we talk about prior plans, strong intentions or fixed arrangements we do not normally use 'will': I am going to meet him this afternoon. ('to be' + 'going to' + main form of the verb) I'm going to buy a new car this year. ('to be' + 'going to' + main form of the verb) You are going to meet Jane tonight.

My weekly routine I get up usually by 7 hours. Start by taking a shower and breakfast. I like some crackers and a juice drink. Then I go to the bus. By 8:30 a.m. classes start. Lunch time is usually from 12.50 to 14.00. Then I returner classes until 17:00. On Wednesdays and Fridays I go to football. I also have tutoring twice a week. My favorite subjects are physical education and project area. My colleagues are a group of Xavier, Dilan and Ruben. I hope to be with them next school year. We will make a lot of things together. We are going to play a football game next week , for celebrate this year.