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myZv)t wjLv Av‡Q| Av‡Q| ‡bv‡Ui g~j¨gvb
wjLv Av‡Q|
wbivcËv myZvi ev‡g wbivcËv myZvi ev‡g wbivcËv myZvi wbivcËv myZvi ev‡g GKwU
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AvKv‡i cybt cybt cybt BANGLADESH hv‡e hv‡Z BANGLADESH BANK ‡jLv
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03. AwZ
BANK ‡jLv _ve‡e hv AvZkx KvuP w`‡q ‡`Lv cybt cybt ‡`Lv hv‡e|
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AvZkx KvuP w`‡q hv‡e| BANGLADES
AvKv‡ii ‡jLv
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_ve‡e hv
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w`‡q ‡`Lv
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RvwZi wcZv e½eÜz ‡kL
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Qvcv B›UvwMøI Kvwj‡Z gyw`ªZ
Av‡Q, hv nv‡Zi ¯ú‡k©
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Kvwj‡Z gyw`ªZ Ask-- Optically Variable Megnetic (OVI) Kvwj‡Z gyw`ªZ Ask--
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cwieZx©Z n‡e ‡mvbvjx - mey‡R ‡g‡R›Uv - n‡e
(Optically
cwieZx©Z n‡e Ges GKwU mey‡R *1000 UvKv ‡bv‡Ui ‡cQ‡b
Variable Ink)
D¾j evi Dc‡i bx‡P cwieZx©Z n‡e evgw`‡K _vKv nvjKv bxj
DVvbvgv Ki‡e| is‡qi BANGLADESH BANK
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(Background)
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Functions of Money

Money is defined by the three functions (or services) that it provides:

1. A Medium of Exchange

The main and most important function of money is that it can be used in the exchange of goods and services. As a widely accepted form of
payment, it serves as a medium of exchange that allows those who use it to get what they need easily.
Without money, people would have to use the barter system. In this system, people exchange goods and services with one another. It’s a good
system if both parties hold what the other wants, which is called a double coincidence of wants. For example, if I wanted to exchange a luxury
car for a used speed boat with someone, we would both walk away happy.

However, the problem comes in when the individual does not have a good or service that the other values for the exchange. Example: What if I
wanted to buy your car for 10 cows and a couple of chickens? I’m guessing they wouldn’t be taken as payment.

2. Unit of account

Serving as a unit of account, money acts as a common standard for measuring the value of goods and services. It’s consistent and allows you to
easily compare the worth of a $1 soda to a $50 chair. On the other hand, if I had to pay for the soda with pencils, and the chair with apples, it’d
be harder to understand their values.

With money as a common measure, it’s easier to quote and bargain prices.

3. Store of value

Money must also serve as a store of value, meaning that it retains its worth over time. It should be able to be saved, stored, and retrieved while
still being viable as a reliable medium of exchange. If I sold a bunch of chairs for apples, I would not be able to “Stack My Apples” and continue
increasing my wealth. Over time, they would be worth LESS when they’re getting soft, and WORTHLESS when spoiled.

However, one could argue that money does not really “store value” either due to the fluctuating purchasing power with inflation.

5 Types Of Money

Throughout time, there have been various forms of money from seashells and seasonings to banknotes and debit cards. Currently, fiat money is
the money type being used.

1. Fiat Money
Examples: Banknotes (paper money) and coins

Fiat money (fiat currency) is money whose value is not based on its inherent value but is based on an authoritative decision (fiat) by the
governing body. The government declares it as legal tender and it must then be accepted as a form of payment everywhere. Due to not having
an intrinsic value, a partially destroyed bill can be replaced by the Federal Reserve Bank. On the other hand, commodity money can not be.

2. Commodity Money

Examples: Precious metals (i.e. gold), salt, beads, alcohol

Unlike fiat currency, the value of commodity money is intrinsic; its value comes from the commodity it is made from. If the money is destroyed,
it cannot be replaced. It is also probably the earliest form of money. These commodities are used as a medium of exchange and gain their value
from the scarcity of the items. The use of this type of money is like using the barter system where goods and services are exchanged for the like.
Unlike the barter system, using commodity money functions as a unit of account that allows you to compare the worth of goods and services.

3. Representative Money

Examples: Certificates, paper money, token coins

Representative money, like fiat money, has no value of its own. Unlike fiat money, it is backed by a commodity. As a commodity-back money, it
could be exchanged for precious metals (like gold) held within a bank vault. It was easier to carry a certificate around rather than a chest full of
gold.

4. Fiduciary Money

Examples: Checks, bank drafts

Deriving from the Latin word fiducia, to trust, fiduciary money works on the promise and trust that it will be exchanged for fiat or commodity
money by the issuer (bank). People are not required to take it as a form of payment because it is not a government-ordered legal tender.
5. Commercial Bank Money

Example: Funds in a checking account

Commercial money (also known as demand deposits) is a claim against a bank for the purchase of goods and services (through the means of
withdrawing in person, check, ATMs, or online banking). It is a debt-created currency by the bank. They create more money through a process
called fractional-reserve banking. In this, only a certain percentage of money the bank “has” is held within it. The other percent is given to others
in the form of loans, in doing so, the bank makes back more money from the interest and fees charged to customers.

In short, the bank is loaning out the money you deposit to give others debt and create more money from the interest placed on it.

Properties of Money

Fiat, commodity, representative, fiduciary, and commercial bank money all share these 7 characteristics of money:

Fungibility: It is fungible if it is interchangeable with other units of money. Ex. Every dollar bill has the same worth as another dollar bill despite
any tears or stains. A bruised apple would not be equal to an unbruised apple in a barter.

Divisibility: Able to be divided. Ex: A dollar bill can be divided into 4 quarters of equal worth.

Durability: It must be able to withstand the wear and tear from going hand to hand.

Portability: It should be able to easily be carried and transported around.

Cognizability: Its value must be easily identified. Ex: A dollar bill is marked with a “1”, and the ten-dollar bill has a “10”. You can easily see and
compare their worth.

Stability of value: The value should remain constant over a long period.

Limited Supply: Money must be relatively scarce and not easy to come by. The amount of money is regulated by the government so it can
maintain its value. Ex: In apocalyptic TV shows, water becomes a form of money due to its scarcity.
 

THE MAIN RESPONSIBILITIES OF A CASH OFFICER ARE LISTED BELOW:

1. Be the joint custodian of Cash and other valuables like Gold, Gold ornaments, Safe Deposit Articles and Security Forms other than
Cheque books.

2. Supply cash / cash boxes to Single Window Operator (SWO) in the morning. Take possession of excess / surplus cash or deliver / supply
cash from / to SWO and bulk cashier(s), as and when required during the day. Complete Estimated Over Draft (EOD) exercise for cash after
completion of business hours.

3. Carry out surprise verification of the cash holding in the cash boxes of SWO and carry out intra day cash verification at the SWO
Counters.

4. Ensure that all the notes received are shrouded and sorted into issuable and non-issuable notes. Arrange for sorting out ATM fit notes
for delivery to CAC and Nodal Officer and remit Soiled Notes to the RBI, with the help of SWO from time to time.

5. Ensure that the non-issuable note bundles prepared are pasted with note slips duly signed by the SWO on the top and bottom of the
bundles confirming the quantity and quality of the notes. Liaise with RBI to manage cash inventory at the Branch, arrange for inward / outward
cash remittances from them.

6. Arrange for receipt / payment of bulk cash from important customers.

7. Verify the purity and the weight of Gold offered as security by Gold loan customers and to keep Gold / Gold ornaments after sanction in
joint custody as per instructions

8. Generate and check relevant reports.

9. Ensure Weighing Balances Certificate are current and in order

10. Ensure operation of the Currency Chest as per norms.

11. Keep the Currency Chest fitness Certificate current.

12. Keep the Gun licenses current and diaries for timely renewal.

13. Save the Cash related reports daily and keep a hard copy of all the reports properly filed for future reference.
14. Verify the cash balance in the Currency Chest fortnightly.

Job Description / Responsibility

• Daily cash handling and Cash Management at the cash counter of the bank

• Receive and honor Cheques after verification

• Ensuring high level of customer satisfaction

• Report any suspicious activity/transaction to Supervisor/Chief Cash Officer

• Providing other cash related services

• Recording all transactions promptly and accurately complying with Bank's Policy & Procedure

• Any other work / responsibility as and when assigned by the supervisor/Management of the Bank