NAME-FARHEEN AHMAD

CLASS-Bsc hons 6th sem

ROLL NO-17 HMB 428
ENROLLMENT NO-GH6488
TOPIC-‘MEDICINAL VALUE OF ALOE VERA’
SUBMITTED TO-MRS MARIYAM MA’AM

PROJECT REPORT ON
MEDICINAL VALUE OF ALOE VERA
SUBMITTED BY
FARHEEN AHMAD
FACULTY No. – 17 HMB 428
ENROLLMENT No. – GH6488

UNDER THE KIND SUPERVISION OF

MRS MARIYAM FATIMA

DEPARTMENT OF HOME SCIENCE
ALIGARH MUSLIM UNIVERSITY
ALIGARH, U.P. (INDIA)

CERTIFICATE
Department of Home Science, Faculty of Agriculture Science,
Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh
2019-2020
This is to certify that the project entitled “MEDICINAL VALUE OF ALOE VERA” is a faithful
record of bonafide project work carried out by “MISS FARHEEN AHMAD” of B.Sc. (Final year)
Roll No. –17 HMB 428, En. No. – GH6488, under my guidance and supervision. No part of this
project has been submitted for any other degree. All the assistance received during the course of study
has been fully acknowledged by her. She has been a discipline and regular student during the course of
her project.

MRS MARIYAM FATIMA (SUPERVISOR)

Department of Home Science
Faculty of Agriculture Science
Aligarh Muslim University
Aligarh (INDIA )

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I would like to offer deepest thanks to “The Almighty Allah” for giving me the courage and
opportunity to complete this project

I have taken efforts in this project .However it would have been impossible without the kind support
and help of many individuals.I would like to extend my sincere thanks to all of them.

I am highly indebted to MRS MARIYAM FATIMA ma’am for guidance and constant supervision .
Her valuable advice and encouragement at all the stages have enabled me to complete this project in
present form

I also wish to express my special thanks to my parents for their best wishes and love and also to all my
friends for their moral support

FARHEEN AHMAD
 CONTENT

Chapter 1
Introduction
History
Anatomy
Active components with its properties
Mechanism of action
Healh effect the scientific evidence
Nutritional properties of aloe vera
Chemical composition and properties of aloe vera
Home made products of aloe vera
Side effects
Objectives
Significance
Chapter 2
Review of Literature
Chapter 3
Survey: Result and Discussion
Chapter 4
Conclusion
Bibliography
Appendix

ABSTRACT
The plant aloe vera is being found around us yet its important is not known by us.It is one of the
important plant being found.It is used in Ayurvedic, Unani,Homeopathic and Allopathic streams of
medicines, and we could also used at at home as a medicines.The plant leaves contains numerous
vitamins,minerals,enzymes,amino acids,natural sugars and other bioactive compounds with emollient ,
purgative, atimicrobial, anti-inflamatory ,anti-oxidants,anti-helmenthic,antifungal,antiseptic and
cosmetic values for health care.This plant has potential to cure burns ,sunburns,minor cuts, ulcers and
even skin cancer.The external use in cosmetic primarily acts as a skin healer and prevent injury of
epithelial tissues, cure acne and gives a youthful glow to skin, and also acts as a powerful laxatives.
 INTRODUCTION
Aloe vera is a perennial succulent xerophyte; it has elongated and pointed leaves that are joined at the
stem in a rosette pattern and that grow to about 30–50 cm in length and 10 cm in breadth at the base in
the adult plant (World Health Organization 1999 ),botanically known as Aloe barbadensis Miller,
belonging to the Lily (Liliaceae)
family Till the current time there is
more than 300 varieties has been
identified around the world.
Medicinally important part of Aloe
Vera is leaves, morphological
characterize as stiff grey- green lanced
shaped that contains clear gel in their
central mucilaginous pulp. Because of
its therapeutic importance, Aloe Vera famous by various names likes ‘the wand of heaven’, ‘heaven’s
blessing’ and ‘the silent healer’. Commercial value of Aloe Vera depends on product collected via the
dried exudates, which excreted from the aloin cells, present in the zone of the vascular bundle; the gel or
mucilaginous juice present in the centre of the leaf and the oil that extracted by organic. Oil recovered
from solvents that is reach source of fatty fraction; however, frequently used in cosmetic preparations
as pigment carrier and soothing agent while dried exudates used as bitter in alcoholic beverages. Gel
component is clear jelly like substances obtained from the parenchymal tissue present in the inner
portion of the leaves of Aloe vera .Previous researches have been reported its anti-bradykinin activity
and inhibition of prostaglandin production toward anti-inflammatory activity with gel component.
Moreover in early 1800s it used as laxative whereas in the mid 1930s successful treatment was
introduced for chronic and severe radiation dermatitis. Since, several cultures of the history have been
showed impression of foot print for use of Aloe vera, major includes Greece, Egypt, India, Mexico,
Japan and China. Egyptian queens Nefertiti and Cleopatra regularly involved in their beauty regimes
whereas Alexander the Great, and Christopher Columbus used it to treat soldiers’ wounds. Aloe vera is
well-known plant not only in tribal community but modern look out also make it therapeutic important.
Since it is used in Ayurvedic, Homeopathic and Allopathic medicine; because various research
support that it contains vitamins, minerals, enzymes, amino acids, natural sugar and other bioactive
compounds. Although therapeutic use of Aloe vera covered wide range of activity mainly emollient,
purgative, antimicrobial, anti- inflammatory, antioxidant, aphrodisiac, anti-helminthes, antifungal,
antiseptic and cosmetic, its benefits so myriad and astounding that no part in human body remains
uninfluenced by its healing touch; all these make it plant of wonder. Aloe vera acts against all sorts
of infection as natural fighter, provide an efficient anti-oxidant effect, helps in treating all kind of
digestion related problems, heartburn, arthritis, stress, diabetes, rheumatism pain, asthma, cancer even
proved its efficacy in patients with AID.

HISTORY
Aloe vera has been used for medicinal purposes in several cultures for millennia: Greece, Egypt, India,
Mexico, Japan and China. Egyptian queens Nefertiti and Cleopatra used it as part of their regular beauty
regimes. Alexander the Great, and Christopher Columbus used it to treat soldiers’ wounds. The first
reference to Aloe vera in English was a translation by John Goodyew in A.D. 1655 of Dioscorides’
Medical treatise De Materia Medica. By the early 1800s, Aloe vera was in use as a laxative in the
United States, but in the mid-1930s, a turning point occurred when it was successfully used to treat
chronic and severe radiation dermatitis.
The botanical name of Aloe vera is Aloe barbadensis miller. It belongs to Asphdelaceae o (Liliaceae)
family, and is a shrubby or arborescent, perennial, xerophytic, succulent, pea- green color plant. It grows
mainly in the dry regions of Africa, Asia, Europe and America. In India, it is found in Rajasthan,
Andhra Pradesh, Gujarat, Maharashtra and Tamil Nadu

Cultural Importance :
Aloe Vera has been mentioned several times in the sacred scriptures. It is believed to have been used
for the preservation of the body of the Jesus Christ. It is called as the plant of immorality. It is also
mentioned in the holy book of Bible. It has been used by the tribal people as a medicine for the
century.

ANATOMY
The plant has triangular, fleshy leaves with serrated edges, yellow tubular flowers and fruits that
contain numerous seeds. Each leaf is composed of three layers:
1) An inner clear gel that contains 99% water and rest is made of glucomannans, amino acids, lipids,
sterols and vitamins.
The middle layer of latex which is the bitter yellow sap and contains anthraquinones and glycosides.
3)The outer thick layer of 15–20 cells called as rind which has protective function and synthesizes
carbohydrates and proteins. Inside the rind are vascular bundles responsible for transportation of
substances such as water (xylem) and starch (phloem).
ACTIVE COMPONENTS WITH ITS PROPERTIES
Aloe vera contains 75 initially active constituents: vitamins, enzymes, minerals, sugars, lignin, salicylic
acids and amino acids.
Vitamins: It contains vitamins A (beta-carotene), C and E, which are antioxidants. It also contains
vitamin B12, folic acid, and chorine. Antioxidant neutralizes free radicals.
Enzymes: It contains 8 enzymes: alkaline phosphatase, amylase, bradykinase,, cellulase, lipase, and
peroxidase. Bradykinase helps to reduce excessive inflammation when applied to the skin topically,
while others help in the breakdown of sugars and fats.
Minerals: It provides calcium, chromium, copper, selenium, magnesium, manganese, potassium, sodium
and zinc. They are essential for the proper functioning of various enzyme systems in different metabolic
pathways and few are antioxidants.
Sugars: It provides monosaccharaides (glucose and fructose) and polysaccharides: glucomannans.
These are derived from the mucilage layer of the plant and are known as mucopolysaccharides. The
most prominent monosaccharide is mannose-6-phosphate, and the most common polysaccharides are
called glucomannans . Recently, a glycoprotein with antiallergic properties, called alprogen and novel
anti - inflammatory compound, -Cglucchromone,
Anthraquinones: It provides 12 anthraquinones, which are phenolic compounds traditionally known as
laxatives. Aloin and emodin act as analgesics, acteribacterials and antivirals.
Fatty acids: It provides 4 plant steroids; cholesterol, campestral, β-sisosterol and lupeol .All these have
anti-inflammatory action and lupeol also possesses antiseptic and analgesic properties.
Hormones: Auxins and gibberellins that help in wound healing and have anti-inflammatory action.

MECHANISM OF ACTIONS
Healing properties: Glucomannan, a mannose-rich polysaccharide, and gibberellin, a growth hormone,
interacts with growth factor receptors on the fibroblast, thereby stimulating its activity and proliferation,
which in turn significantly increases collagen synthesis after topical and oral Aloe vera. Aloe gel not
only increased collagen content of the wound but also changed collagen composition and increased the
degree of collagen cross linking. Due to this, it accelerated wound contraction and increased the
breaking strength of resulting scar tissue. An increased synthesis of hyaluronic acid and dermatan
sulfate in the granulation tissue of a healing wound following oral or topical treatment has been
reported
Effects on skin exposure to UV and gamma radiation: Aloe vera gel has been reported to have a
protective effect against radiation damage to the skin. Exact role is not known, but following the
administration of aloe vera gel, an antioxidant protein, metallothionein, is generated in the skin, which
scavenges hydroxyl radicals and prevents suppression of superoxide dismutase and glutathione
peroxidase in the skin. It reduces the production and release of skin keratinocyte-derived
immunosuppressive cytokines and hence prevents UV-induced of delayed type hypersensitivity

suppression.
Anti-inflammatory action: Aloe vera inhibits the cyclooxygenase pathway and reduces prostaglandin
E2 production from arachidonic acid.
Effects on the immune system: Alprogen inhibit calcium influx into mast cells, thereby inhibiting the
antigen-antibody-mediated release of histamine and leukotriene from mast cells. Several low-
molecular-weight compounds are also capable of inhibiting the release of reactive oxygen free radicals
from activated human neutrophils.

Laxative effects: Anthraquinones present in latex are a potent laxative. It increases intestinal water
content, stimulates mucus secreation and increases intestinal peristalsis

Antiviral and antitumor activity: These actions may be due to indirect or direct effects. Indirect effect is
due to stimulation of the immune system and direct effect is due to anthraquinones. The anthraquinone
aloin inactivates various enveloped viruses such as herpes simplex, varicella zoster and influenza..
Moisturizing and anti-aging effect: Mucopolysaccharides help in binding moisture into the skin. Aloe
stimulates fibroblast which produces the collagen and elastin fibers making the skin more elastic and
less wrinkled. It also has cohesive effects on the superficial flaking epidermal cells by sticking them
together, which softens the skin. The amino acids also soften hardened skin cells and zinc acts as an
astringent to tighten pores. Its moisturizing effects has also been studied in treatment of dry skin
associated with occupational exposure where aloe vera gel gloves improved the skin integrity,
decreases appearance of fine wrinkle and decreases erythema.It also has anti-acne effect.
Antiseptic effect: Aloe vera contains 6 antiseptic agents: Lupeol, salicylic acid, urea nitrogen,
cinnamonic acid.
HEALTH EFFECTS: THE SCIENTIFIC EVIDENCE

The therapeutic claims for Aloe vera cover a broad range of conditions. It is commonly used topically
in the treatment of dermatological and wound healing conditions. The oral application of the Aloe
vera latex is promoted as a laxative, whereas gel and whole-leaf oral preparations have been variously
recommended for use as an adjunct to chemotherapy treatment and to ameliorate diverse disorders
such as DM, infectious diseases, metastatic cancer, and ulcerative colitis. The clinical use
of Aloevera is supported primarily by anecdotal evidence and case reports. The number of clinical
trials exploring its effectiveness has begun to increase
Topical application
The first case report of the beneficial effects of Aloe vera in the treatment of skin and wound healing
was published in 1935, with fresh whole-leaf extract reported to provide rapid relief from the itching
and burning associated with severe roentgen (radiation) dermatitis and complete skin regeneration
S(Collins and Collins 1935). Numerous subsequent reports have explored the role of topical Aloe
vera administration in skin conditions and wound healing management, including psoriasis, dermatitis,
oral mucositis, burn injuries, and surgical.
. Burn Injuries
Aloe vera has long been associated with the treatment of burns. With the advent of nuclear power, the
U.S. government conducted research on the ability of Aloe vera to treat thermal and radiation burns
with the aim of introducing its use into the military (Ashley et al. 1957). In 1959, the U.S. Food and
Drug Administration approved the use of Aloe vera ointment as an over-the-counter medication for
healing burns on the skin (Park and Lee 2006)
Surgical properties
Aloe vera has been reported to accelerate postoperative wound healing in periodontal flap surgery
(Payne 1970). Conversely, a randomized controlled trial involving women with complications of
wound healing after gynecological surgery found that the mean healing time in the conventional care
group (53 days).
Oral Applications
Therapeutic claims promote the use of oral Aloe vera in the treatment of a wide range of conditions,
such as alopecia, Alzheimer’s disease, congenital heart failure, depression, glaucoma, hemorrhoids,
hepatitis, multiple sclerosis, and varicose veins; however, scientific investigations of such claims are
limited. Claims that have been the subject of clinical trials include the oral application of Aloe
vera preparations in the treatment of constipation, DM, metastatic cancer, and ulcers and inflammation
of the gastrointestinal tract.
.Diabetes Mellitus
Aloe vera is a traditional remedy for diabetes mellitus (DM) in many parts of the world, including
Latin America (Coronado et al. 2004) and the Arabian Peninsula (Yeh et al. 2003). Some evidence in
humans and animals suggests that Aloe vera is able to alleviate the chronic hyperglycemia and
perturbed lipid profile that are characteristic of DM, which are major risk factors for cardiovascular

complications in the disease.

Ulcers and inflamation of gastrointestinal tract
Aloe vera preparations are widely promoted for the treatment of gastrointestinal disorders, including
ulcers and inflammatory bowel disease, but evidence of their effectiveness is inconsistent. In 1963,
clinical evidence of the successful use of Aloe vera gel (administered in a heavy liquid petrolatum
emulsion) was reported for the treatment of 12 patients with peptic ulcers (Blitz, Smith, and Gerard
1963).
Aloe vera is used on facial tissues where it is promoted as a moisturiser and/or anti-irritant to reduce
chafing of the nose. Cosmetic companies commonly add sap or other derivatives from Aloe vera to
products such as makeup, tissues, moisturizers, soaps, sunscreens, incense, shaving cream, or
shampoos. A review of academic literature notes that its inclusion in many hygiene products is due to
its “moisturizing emollient effect”.

NUTRITIONAL PROPERTIES OF ALOE VERA

Nutritional properties of Aloe Vera an analysis of Aloe vera reveals some of the magic behind its
miraculous healing powers. The plant contains a multitude of essential vitamins and minerals such
as :Vita- mins A, B1, B 2 , B3, B6, B12, C, E, folic acid ,chorine, calcium, phosphorous, potassium,
iron, sodium, magnesium, manganese, copper, chromium, and zinc. Aloe also contains a wealth of
amino acids: isoleucine,leucine, lysine, methionine, phenylalanine, threonine,valine, aspartic acid,
glutamic acid, alanine, arginine,cystine, glycine, histidine, hydroxyproline, proline,serine, and
tyrosine. Lupeol and salicylic acid are known as effective painkillers. Aloe also contains three anti-
inflammatory fatty acids: cholesterol, campersterol and- sitosterol (plant sterols). These agents are the
source for aloe’s effectiveness in treating all kinds of internal and external inflammations including
burns, cuts and cracks, acid indigestion, ulcers and other inflammations of the liver, kidney, colon and
pancreas, among others .Additionally, β-sitosterol is a powerful agent in helping to lower bad
cholesterol levels. Finally, aloe contains atleast 23 polypeptides (immune stimulators), which can help
to explain aloe’s potency in helping to control abroad spectrum of immune system diseases. Free
monosaccharides consisted of D- mannose and D-glucose in a molar ratio of 5:4 and trace amounts
of xylose,hamnose, galactose and either arabinose or fucose was found. Mannose 6 phosphate is a
major sugar component in Aloe vera10.Aloe vera contains 75 potentially active constituents:vitamins,
enzymes, minerals, sugars, and lignin Saponins, salicylic acids and amino acids. Additional minerals
found in Aloe vera include copper(important for red blood cells, skin and hair pigment), iron (involved
in oxygen phosphorus (helps in building bones and teeth, assists in metabolism and maintains body
pH) and sodium(regulates body liquids, helps in nerve and muscle performance, and helps in
delivering nutrients to body cells). Aloe vera also contains the trace minerals rhodium and
transportation and making of hemoglobin in red blood cells), potassium (helps is an fluid balance),
idium used i n cancer and tumor research experiments.Another component of Aloe vera consists of
the lignins, a major structural material of cellulose content that is helpful for penetrative
properties and beneficial for skin problems such as eczema and psoriasis. Aloe vera, an anti oxidant
rich plant, contains vitamins such as A, C and E acting as natural antioxidant along with the minerals
zinc and selenium. Anti-oxidants help boost the immune system and combat free radicals in the body.
These free radical fighters get rid of the toxins and carcinogenic elements in human bodies from the
pollution and poor quality food.

CHEMICAL COMPOSITION AND PROPERTIES OF ALOE VERA

TABLE
HOME MADE PRODUCTS OF ALOE VERA

 Home made aloe vera gel

You can use this gel by itself; just apply to a clean damp skin. You can also use it as an additive to
other skincare products. You can add this gel to your creams and toners; shampoos and conditioners
and masks.
 Diy aloe vera honey moisturizing and nourishing cream
This homemade aloe vera cream will hydrate your skin and will supply it with necessary vitamins and
minerals
  Honey and aloe vera anti-acne face mask
This mask has a high concentration of aloe vera, green tea, tea tree oil and honey which are all known
for their anti-bacterial, healing, and anti-inflammatory properties
 Aloe mask for dry and dehydrated
skin
This is a very powerful mask that will rehydrate very dry, thirsty skin
 Lemon and aloe vera anti-aging lifting mask
Aloe vera is a very strong anti-aging ingredient: it hydrates skin (as we age, our skin loses moisture
and starts looking dry, dull and wrinkly), it also fades age spots. Egg yolk will provide lifting effect to
your skin. It will also visibly minimize your pores.

SIDE EFFECTS
Even though aloe vera is considered safe enough for consumption, it’s not 100% safe for these
reasons:
1-Long term consumption of the latex of aloe vera has been known to cause effects such as
gastrointestinal discomfort, kidney issues, muscle weakness and arrhythmia.

2- Consuming aloe vera gel containing latex while pregnant is not safe and if consumed over a long
period, can be fatal.

3-Those with IBS, or other digestive disorders should exercise caution when consuming aloe vera gel
with latex as it could worsen the condition

4-The aloe vera gel itself may not be safe for those taking certain prescription medication and may
cause interactions.

5-Do not eat aloe vera topical gel as it contains other substances that can be toxic.

OBJECTIVES
GENERAL OBJECTIVES:
To explore the medicinal value of aloe vera.
SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES:
To find out the various uses of aloe vera against the treatment of various problems.
To explore and compare the availablity of aloe vera products on different websites available for India.
SIGNIFICANCE OF STUDY
We all are familiar with the aloe vera.Aloe vera plant is found in most of the homes inspite of it
people are unaware of its benefits.Lack of awareness of the people regarding the benefits of aloe ,put it
in the category of other plants.
This study is therefore important to be conducted to assess the ignorance of the plant aloe vera.To
make the people aware about the major benefits of aloe vera.To make the people known,how the aloe
vera could be used for the treatment of various problems,without having less or no side effect to our
body.

REVIEW OF LITERATURE

 SKIN AND BODY ANTI-AGING PROPERTIES

The invaluable oligo elements present in Aloe juice, manganese and selenium, constitute the enzymes
superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase, recognized as powerful antioxidants and cellular
anti-aging agents. Their high antioxidant properties slow down the aging process. This helps cells to
become stronger in combating the negative effects caused by oxygen and the broad spectrum radiation
we are exposed to daily. The non-essential amino acid, proline, is instead a constituent of collagen,
whose role it is to ensure the perfect holding capacity and elasticity of epithelial tissues. It naturally
follows that the intake of the vitamins and minerals present in Aloe stimulates proper blood saturation,
thus guaranteeing better oxygenation and faster expulsion of toxins. Skin becomes smoother,
hydrated, and more elastic, protected from free radicals and their degenerative activity, resulting in
impressive/substantial antiaging effects. This extraordinary anti-aging effect can easily be obtained and
appreciated through the regular use of cosmetics and gels based on Aloe as well as the daily intake of
at least 4 tablespoons of fresh juice.
RECOMMENDED READING: -Danhof (1993), Potential reversal of chronological and photo-
aging of the skin by topical applicatiion of natural substances. Phytotherapy research 7, 53-56. -
Byung (1993) Cellular mechanisms of biological aging. Phytotherapy research 8, 57-59.

 ANTIBIOTIC PROPERTIES

Aloe has an extraordinary natural antibiotic capacity. This effect is accomplished via the different
anthraquinoic glycosides, such as aloin and aloetic acid. Acemannan’s preparation of the tissues for
receiving the anthraquinones allows aloe-emodin and the bradykinase enzyme to more easily carry out
their antibiotic, bactericidal, and germicidal activity. This is thanks to their cytoxicity being expressed
in a coordinated manner, after the protection of the cytoplasm. This is how the immune system
becomes involved in a rapid reaction against external pathogens, producing more macrophages,
interferons, and interleukins. This antibiotic activity can be appreciated through the use of aloe-based
disinfecting and antibiotic creams for topical use, as well as an aloe juice drink regularly or
sporadically targeted to the body’s problems.
RECOMMENDED READING: -G. Henderson, Nature’s legendary healer. -Atherton, (1966).
The essential Aloe Vera, Mill. Enterprises.

 ANTIBACTERIAL PROPERTIES

The bacteria that attack our body are rapidly combatted with the use of Aloe gel or juice. The
combined antibacterial effects of the lignin, cinnamic acid, and chrysophanic acid are immediate. The
cytotoxic characteristics owed to their anthracenic structure respond quickly on superficial cells,
liberating these cells from unwanted guests.
RECOMMENDED READING: -Grindlay, Reynolds (1986), the Aloe Vera phenomenon: a
review of the properties and modern uses of the leaf parenchyma gel. Journal of
Ethnopharmacology, 16 (2-3). -Atherton, (1996). The essential Aloe Vera, Mill. Enterprises.

 ANALGESIC PROPERTIES

The analgesic action of Aloe is dominated by three different molecules, all of which collaborate with
the beneficial action of anthracenes and anthraquinones on the cell. To these, an enzyme is added.
They are the ester of cinnamic acid, isobarbaloin, and salycilic acid. The enzyme added is bradykinase.
The ester is found in high concentrations in camphor and cinnamon essences and has a detergent action
because its molecular structure is very similar to that of soaps, which are esters of fatty acids. The
second molecule is one of the bitter compounds of Aloe and the third is a natural anesthetic similarly
produced from the weeping willow tree (Salix), yielding the well-known acetylsalycilic acid or aspirin.
To these, the effects of bradykinase can be added. Bradykinase stimulates the immune system,
particularly the macrophages, and becomes a part of the pain system on which it has an analgesic
action. It inhibits bradykinine, responsible for post-traumatic pain and swelling, called to action by the
liposomal enzymes after an elevated loss of granulocytic macrophages that are unable to block the
invading foreign bodies that may enter the body. Used topically, Aloe, and the enzyme bradykinase
contained in it, is an effective analgesic and anti-inflammatory remedy. These four compounds
synergistically offer their valuable actions in support of the principal effects of acemannan, the
manager of the entire healing process.
RECOMMENDED READING: -Bitz, Smith, Gerard, (1963). Aloe Vera gel in peptic ulcer
therapy: preliminary report. Journal of the American Osteopathic Association 62, 731-735. -
Firenzuoli (1993) Fitoterapia, Ed. Masson, p.208 and 222. -Udupa (1994), Anti-inflammatory and
wound healing properties. Fitoterapia vol.65, n°2. -Ayala, (1996). Possibile ruolo dell’Aloe Vera
succo intero della polpa spremuta a freddo nella patologia infiammatoria-erosiva ed ulcerosa
gastrointestinale. Risultati preliminari di dodici casi clinici. Congresso nazionale ANMFIT,
comunicazioni ai congressisti.

 ANTI-INFLAMMATORY PROPERTIES

This quality of Aloe is, without a doubt, the most observed and documented property. Aloe gel has a
calming and soothing action on inflamed and painful tissues, of an intensity equal to synthetic
pharmaceuticals based on steroids, but with the advantage of not producing the harmful and toxic side
effects. The same effect occurs when the gel is applied to chronic or acute inflammations. The anti-
inflammatory action of Aloe manifests through its three plant steroids: lupeol, beta-sistosterol, and
campesterol. It is followed by the inhibitory effect of prostaglandin type 2, known as PG2, and the
synthesis of cholesterol in the lymphocytes. Other elements would flock in numbers to combat the
invading agent, producing the swollen and enlarged appearance of an inflammation. Macrophages
come into play that can phagocytose or “swallow” molecules and organisms incompatible with proper
metabolic functioning, thereby diminishing the evident effects of tumefaction or inflammatory
swelling. This intervention is amplified by the further assistance of the enzyme bradykinase, which
enters into this complex organic system of pain management by inhibiting the formation of kinines,
including bradykinine and interleukin, molecules produced by the body as a primary response to
inflammation. As we know, Aloe juice used topically is an effective anti-inflammatory and analgesic
remedy.
RECOMMENDED READING: -Davis, Leitner, et al. (1989) Anti-inflammatory activity of Aloe
Vera against a spectrum of irritants. Journal of American Podiatric Medical Association 84 (2), 77-81.
-Davis, Maro. (1989) Aloe Vera and giberellin: anti-inflammatory activity in diabetes. -Heggers, et al.
(1993) Beneficial Effects of Aloe in wound healing. Phytotherapy Research,7,48.

 ANTIMYCOTIC PROPERTIES

This property is admirably carried out by two organic acids contained in Aloe – cinnamic acid and
chrypsophanic acid. The first produces a germicidal action against fungi that enter and attack the body.
This is due to the cytotoxicity upon the attacking external pathogens, expressed in a coordinated
manner, after the cytoplasm has initially been protected by the sugar complex acemannan. In this way,
more macrophages are produced and the cell walls are strengthened. Chrysophanic acid, on the other
hand, is a good fungicide, depurative, laxative, diuretic, and also stimulates bile secretion (choleretic).
This is due to its molecular structure, which contains an anthraquinoic radical which results in a net
clean-up of the toxic waste produced by fungi and similar organisms. The chrysophanic acid present
in Aloe carries out its fungicidal action mainly in the intestine. In the case of Candida Albicans, we
recommend that treatments with Aloe should include the complementary effects of a high quality Tea
Tree essential oil.

RECOMMENDED READING: -Grindley, Reynolds (1986), The Aloe Vera phenomenon: a

review of the properties and modern uses of the leaf parenchyma gel. Journal of
Ethnopharmacology 16, (2-3). -Atherton, (1996). The essential Aloe Vera, Mill. Enterprises.

 ANTIOXIDANT PROPERTIES

There are many substances in Aloe juice that exhibit the antioxidant effects that combat free radicals.
Monovalent or singlet oxygen occurs by secondary reactions which are responsible for the destruction
of intercellular tissues and the insurgence of precancerous activity is interrupted to some degree. The
acting substances are the minerals manganese and copper, vitamins B2, B6, C, and E, and the amino
acid cysteine. Manganese is a powerful antioxidant that slows down the aging process and makes cells
stronger in the fight against the negative effects of oxygen and broad spectrum radiation, to which we
are exposed daily. It constitutes a part of the enzyme superoxide dismutase, an allied anti-free radical
of the pancreas, liver and kidneys. Copper is an oligoelement essential to health. Also a strong
antioxidant, Copper greatly limits the damaging effects of free radicals, mainly through the protein
ceruloplasmin, which oxidizes the reduced form of iron responsible for the formation of free radicals.
Through the enzyme superoxide dismutase, the copper element, which is one of its constituents,
prevents rancidity of polyunsaturated fatty acids and keeps the cellular membranes strong. Similarly, it
also produces an anti-cancer property. Vitamin B12 actively takes part in complex cellular metabolic
processes by being an indispensable regulator together with the enzyme glutathione reductase, as part
of the process of maintaining stable levels of glutathione, a highly active anti-free radical. Riboflavin
limits and inhibits, in part, the toxic byproducts of cellular respiration, a natural metabolic process
which is highly oxidative. Vitamin B6 plays a role in the metabolism of the important essential amino
acid, tryptophan, which is involved in protein synthesis and is a strong antioxidant. Vitamin C, another
strong antioxidant, limits the damage caused by the oxidation of free radicals to the white blood cells.
It is known that white blood cells are responsible for lymphocytes our immune defense, by which
sickness or disease is overcome more easily. Vitamin E interacts in cellular energy production
processes and is truly important to our health, especially during nervous system and immune system
illnesses. Cysteine is also a member of Aloe’s antioxidant team. This non-essential amino acid is
considered a guarantee to our health and longevity, by de-activating free radicals through its
sulphurous function group, a good antioxidant, and, secondly, by protecting and strengthening cellular
membranes from external attacks. Recent studies have demonstrated that cysteine, together with the B
group of vitamins, can bind toxic molecules formed by disease processes and create inoffensive and
harmless compounds. After reading this list of substances capable of combating the negative effects of
free radicals produced by radiation, smoke, and toxic agents generally, we can better understand the
importance of including Aloe juice in our diet.
RECOMMENDED READING: -Yamaguchi et al. (1993). Components of the gel of Aloe Vera.
Bioscience biotechnology and biochemistry. 57-8. 1350-1325. -Saben-Farideh (1993) Studies of
the status of antioxidant enzymes and metabolites following burn injury, and the presence of
antioxidant enzymes in the aloe vera plant (tumor necrosis factor, glutathione), p 138. -Saben-
Farideh et al. (1993) Purification and characterization of a glutathione-peroxidase from the aloe
vera plant. Enzyme Protein 47, 2:92-98.

 ANTISEPTIC PROPERTIES

There are three antispetic hinges present in Aloe: the saponins, cinnamic acid, and salycilic acid. The
saponins are glycosides and are very particular. Unlike the saponins of some plants which exhibit
irritant and hemolytic actions, especially in the digestive tract, the saponins in Aloe have purifying,
antiseptic, and antimicrobial actions which are not destructive to surrounding cellular tissues.
Cinnamic acid, present in several spices like cinnamon, is an organic acid with outstanding antiseptic
and germicidal activity. Greg Henderson author of “Aloe Vera: Nature’s Legendary Healer” states
that the pure juice of Aloe is effective against organisms like salmonella, streptococci, staphylococci,
and can even destroy the bacteria that cause peptic ulcers – he licobacter pylori. As well as being a
good analgesic, salycilic acid also exhibits an antiseptic action.
RECOMMENDED READING: -Grindley, Reynolds. (1986). The Aloe Vera phenomenon: a review
of the properties and modern uses of the leaf parenchyma gel. Journal of Ethnopharmacology 16, (2-3).

 ANTI-TUMORAL PROPERTIES

Aloe supplies a wide range of substances that block and improve precancerous cellular situations that
are difficult and hostile. We can include zinc, a mineral, and B12 and folic acid, B vitamins, among
the many antioxidant substances mentioned earlier in the text. According to the various tests conducted
on laboratory animals, zinc has a marked action on lymphocytic activity, inhibiting tumors induced by
toxic substances. However, its work inside the cell, and particularly inside the nucleus, is not yet
completely understood. Therefore, more research is needed to determine, with any certainty, its anti-
tumoral property. Some clinical investigations place B12 in the front line as a powerful anti-cancer
agent. It has been discovered to prevent tumors, especially those generated by smoking. A trial group
of smokers were shown to have low levels of B12 and folic acid. These two substances, together,
carry out a synergistic function in both mitotic and meiotic cell division processes, particularly in
bronchial and pulmonary tissues. Treatment of patients with daily doses of the two vitamins showed
surprising results. Lung cells were healthier and the cells with precancerous characteristics diminished
in number. Folic acid is at the head of the folate compound group that in nature is present mainly in
plants with green leaves, such as broccoli and spinach, and in Aloe which contains a considerable
amount. Folates participate in several cellular metabolic processes, particularly in the basic function of
protein synthesis, especially in DNA duplication. For this reason, folic acid is an important
anticarcinogenic. It is during cellular division that high risk and fragile situations occur in the genetic
complement. Based on research conducted on smokers in 1986, at the National Institute of Cancer
Research, it was observed that the blood values of folic acid were lower in these subjects. Successive
studies from the University of Alabama confirmed that the administration of high doses of folic acid
resulted in the reduction of potentially precancerous bronchial and pulmonary lesions. An official
study carried out at the University of Padua in Italy in 2000, clearly demonstrated the effect of the
anthraquinoic molecule of aloe-emodin on a particular infant tumor of the skin, a neuroectodermic
tumor. This encouraging study clearly highlights the anti-tumoral role of this substance, and will be
looked into further in the appendix, “Aloe and tumors”.
RECOMMENDED READING: -Winters, et al. (1981). Effects of aloe extracts of human normal
and tumor cells in vitro. Econ. Bot. 35, 89-95. -Jeong-He-Yun, et al. Anticancer effects of Aloe on
sarcoma 180 in IRC mouse and on human cancer lines. Yakhak Hoechi 38(3), 311-21. -Gribel,
Pashinskii, (1986). Antimetastatic properties of Aloe Juice. Voprosy onkologii 32 (12), 38-40. -
Michel, Pignon, et al. (1989). Prospective study of the immunomodulator properties of i.m.
administered “ALVA” extract in patients with solid tumors under a course of chemical
immunosuppresive therapy. Archives de institute Pasteur de Madagascar 56 (1), 253-259. -Palu,
Pecere, Gazzola, Mucignat, Parolin, et al. Dipartimento di istologia , microbiologia, e techniche
mediche. Università di Padova. Italia, Giugno, 2000.

 ANTI-VIRAL PROPERTIES

Aloe juice contains substances having a powerful effect against viruses, the infective agents of a
spheroidal or polyhedric shape that live and reproduce inside living cells. The acemannan molecule, in
particular, produces antiviral and immunomodulating effects that regulate immune defenses according
to the body’s requirements. The immune system, our bodies’ defense unit, is actively on guard to
combat the external attacks of pathogenic agents like bacteria and viruses. If, for any reason, its
activity becomes reduced or compromised, the body becomes more vulnerable to disease. According
to recent medical studies, a remedy aimed at increasing a compromised immune defense system comes
from the active principles contained in Aloe juice and, more precisely, acemannan. This
polysaccharide has the extraordinary property of acting directly on the various cells that are in charge
of immunological activity in the human body. According to the studies made public by scientist Bill
McAnnaly, acemannan is a molecule that interacts with the body’s immune system, based on the
results of laboratory trials given carrysin daily. What emerged from the studies of two European
researchers, Hermans and Clumeck, is even more interesting. They set out to study the interaction of
mucopolysaccharide with HIV and found surprising results. Acemannan carries out an action directed
at increasing the production of macrophages, T-lymphocytes, and the beta cells of the pancreas.
Acemannan also limits the damage caused by the use of anti-retrovirus drugs like AZT. Spine
marrow, extremely delicate, can also be subjected to irreparable damage by the use of potent drugs like
AZT and can benefit from acemannan’s antiviral and protective action on the body’s organs. In short,
acemannan is able to increase the depurative action in blood, giving the body a greater ability to fight
disease and find a road to recovery. More and more doctors are combining curative medicine with
nutrition and targeted supplementation. Patients affected by AIDS and HIV often integrate their
official medical therapies with diet and nutritional substances, among which is Aloe. In this way,
pharmacological medicines together with phytotherapeutic supplements and a lifestyle more respectful
of the individual, can inexorably lead to more immediate and lasting results and arrive at a new and
broader understanding in the concept of health.
RECOMMENDED READING: -Imanishi, et al. (1981). Pharmacological studies on a plant
lectin Alocti A. growth inhibition of mouse methylcholanthrene-induced fibrosarcoma.
Experienzia 37, 1186-1187. -McKempt, Kahlon, et al. (1990). In vitro evaluation of the antiviral
effects of acemannan on replication and pathogenesis of HIV-1 and other enveloped viruses;
modification of the processing of glycoprotein precursors. Brussels. Conference on Antiviral
Research. -Pittman. Immune enhancing effects of Aloe. Health Conciousness. 13 (1), 28-30. -
Carpenter, Harris, et al. (1991). Effect of acemannan in treatment of feline immunodeficiency
virus infected cats. First conference of feline immunodeficiency virus researchers.

 WOUND HEALING AND RE-EPITHELIALIZING

PROPERTIES

Aloe juice perpetually amazes us with its numerous properties. With topical aloe gel use, its anti-
inflammatory actions are complemented by its capacity to heal wounds and regenerate skin cells in
affected areas. The mechanisms for this action are quite different. If the anti-inflSammatory response
displays a tendency towards inhibitory reactions, then its wound-healing response shows the opposite
phenomenen – that is, the stimulation of cells whose job is the formation and repair of tissues. The
reabsorption of a wound is promoted by at least two factors. The first factor includes several active
principles and a high molecular weight composed of long chains of a sugar called mannose, a
glucomannan monomer which stimulates macrophage activity. Growth of cells and tissues is
promoted, along with the proliferation of fibroblasts, the prescursors of epithelial cells. Glucomannan
also interacts with particular receptors on the cells’ surfaces, assigned with the task of repairing
wounds or lesions in tissues. This polysaccharide, with its polyhedric properties, creates an increase in
collagen synthesis and speeds up re-epithelialization. The second factor in the remargination of a
wound is found in the plant hormones’ actions – the giberelline and auxine present in Aloe which
stimulate cell reproduction.
RECOMMENDED READING: -Penso, (1984). Piante medicinali nella cosmetica. OEMF.P.207.
-Davis, et al. (1998). Edema is inhibited by Aloe Vera. Faseb Journal 2 (4), 371. -Davis, Didonato,
Hartman, (1994). Anti-inflammatory and wound healing activity of a growth substance in Aloe

 IMMUNO-MODULATING PROPERTY

This property is carried out by the glucomannans, a class of long-chained sugars derived from plants,
which have demonstrated in clinical and laboratory studies to have a wide variety of protective and
immunostimulating effects in the human body. Studies investigating the various sources for this
glucomannan have discovered that the Aloe barbadensis Miller and Aloe arborescens Miller contain
the largest concentrations of acetylmannan, the most active form available existing in nature. Before
elaborating on the beneficial effects of acemanna, it would be useful to discuss the type of pathology
often presented in an individual with immune system depression. What immune depressive conditions
like Epstein Barr Virus, Candida Albicans, HIV infections, and others have in common is a high
incidence of digestive dysfunctions, generally manifested by poor digestion. Several effects are
produced overloading the immune system, thereby weakening it. Poor digestion causes an improper
breakdown of the ingested food elements necessary for the body to reconstruct itself and generate
energy for the metabolism of cells. This translates into “cell hunger” in tissues that suffer this
malnutrition. When this happens, the normal process is altered – the classification and transportation
of toxins from the cell, the movement of intracellular nutrients, and the production of energy for
general functioning. This influences all cells in the body, including those of the immune system, the
white blood cells, macrophages, monocytes, and lymphocytes. Poor digestion leaves residuals of
partially digested food that can also be involved in large pathological reactions. These residuals can
irritate and cause inflammation of the mucosa on the intestinal walls. Many damaging and powerful
enzymes and chemical agents are released, destroying the intestinal wall and causing an increased
permeability of the intestinal mucosa itself. The proteins, now foreign to the digested food particles,
cannot interact normally and, so, cross through the mucosa via the lymphatic canals of the intestinal
walls. From there, they are able to access the blood stream or circulation. The proteins absorbed in
this manner are then recognized as foreign elements and are attacked by the cells of the immune
system. The antibodies produced bind to these proteins and summon the macrophages and monocytes.
The T-cells arrive secondarily, releasing enzymes and using oxygen to guide the foreign proteins to
their metabolic breakdown. The end result is an immune system that is constantly active. The negative
effects of ingested food residuals cause the immune system cells to wear out more rapidly than is the
norm and to reproduce in insufficient numbers. In addition to this hyperimmune state, the undigested
food residuals become feeding material for the overgrowth of fungal organisms of the fermentive type,
such as Candida Albicans and many other types of parasites. The increase of Candida Albicans inside
the intestine is due largely to the absorption of the toxic by-products of metabolism that can foster
severe food allergies, hypoglycemia, digestive disturbances, excess mucus, swelling, flatulence, skin
eruptions, and extreme fatigue. This chronic infection further wears down the immune system,
complicating the general picture to an even greater degree, even to cellular membranes. Even more
damage is caused to the cellular membranes by the generalized inflammatory effects of poor digestion.
These metabolic reactions use up a great amount of oxygen and produce highly oxidated free radicals
as by-products in matching quantities. These negatively charged molecules are highly unstable and
rebalance their electrical imbalances by beginning to make holes into the cellular membranes, stealing
their positive charges. The result is more damage to the intestinal mucosal walls, with increasing
intestinal permeability. The multiplicity of the mechanisms that orchestrate these processes is clear.
All the above processes working together in a vicious circle of events progressively lead to the
weakening of the immune system. Without a therapy targeted at each of the immune system’s
pathologies, a downward spiral is created that can only lead towards an inevitable death. Fortunately,
we are able to fight this process through a treatment protocol directed at each of the body’s
components, in which Aloe seems to play a key role. Based on the list of principles discussed,
acemannan has demonstrated a biological mode of action with an excellent ability to normalize these
damaging processes and significantly contribute to and “heighten” the immune system’s functions. At
the intestinal level, glucomannan acts as a powerful antiinflammatory and neutralizer of the many
enzymes responsible for damage to the mucosal membranes. It acts much like a fire extinguisher,
lessening the effects of these harmful enzymes. This occurs due to a reduction of the number of leaks
in the intestinal wall and a diminishing of the foreign protein absorption that can stimulate allergic
reactions in the body. Acemannan, therefore, clearly carries out direct viricidal, bactericidal, and
fungicidal properties through which it can help the body to control the production and growth of
Candida Albicans, and through which normal gastrointestinal function is re-established. Assisted by
the anthraquinones, acemannan also stimulates intestinal motility, helping to remove allergenic
proteins from the small intestine into the colon for elimination. All these reactions have a normalizing
effect on the function and structure of the gastrointestinal walls and, therefore, stop the vicious circle
of damage to the immune system. Also, acemannan has a powerful and immediate effect, activating
and stimulating macrophages, antibodies and T-cells. Laboratory studies conducted have demonstrated
that acemannan acts as a bridge between foreign proteins like virus and macrophage particles,
facilitating the ingestion of the proteins by the macrophages in a process known as phagocytosis. The
activation of this receptor site is a key component of cell-mediated immunity, which is deficient in
HIV infections. The Aloe component, acemannan, increases the number and activity of macrophages,
killer T-cells, and monocytes. Pancreas beta-cell antibodies are also increased and the spine marrow is
protected from damage incurred from the use of drugs and toxic agents, such as AZT, the active
principle of many medicines given in the management of HIV. These diverse effects, while seeming at
first glance too broad and not at all related, are due to a single and simple process at the cellular
membrane level. Acemannan, a mucopolysaccharide, is a long-chained sugar that interacts with the
cellular membrane. This determines increased fluidity and permeability of the membrane, allowing
toxins to flow easily and with the same ease that allows nutritive substances to penetrate cells.
Consequently, cellular metabolism is improved and an overall increase in energy production is
achieved. The vicious cycle of poor digestion and cellular malnutrition is thus broken. In this way,
acemannan normalizes the absorption of nutrients and increases the tolerance threshold to allergy-
provoking foods. The immune system is strengthened, under greater control, and is better prepared for
a new attack.
RECOMMENDED READING: -Hart, et al. (1987). Analysis of two functionally and chemically
different immune-modulators from Aloe vera gel. Pharmaceutisch Weekblad Scientific Edition 9
(2), 157. -Pittman. Immune Enhancing effects of Aloe. Health Conciousness. 13 (1), 28-30. -
Karaka, et al. (1995). Nitric-Oxide production by chicken macrophages activated by acemannan,
a complex carbohydrate extracted from Aloe Vera. International Journal of
immunopharmacology. 17(3), 183-188. -Plaskett, (1996). Aloe Vera and The Immune System.
The Aloe Vera Information Service.

 NUTRITIVE PROPERTIES

There are many substances in Aloe that are of a high nutritive value. Over ten minerals can be
mentioned, carrying out diverse activites in cellular metabolism, and exhibiting properties that range
from the constitution of bones and cartilage from calcium to the proper functioning of the cardiac
muscle thanks to magnesium, and from the intervention of chromium in glucose metabolism to the
strong antioxidant powers of copper. This is matched by the profound effects of Aloe’s vitamins,
whether they be the liposoluble A, C, E or the water-soluble B group. Without these vitamins, we
could not live. Therefore, it follows that we need to include them in our daily diet. Their properties
range from the metabolism of carbohydrates, proteins and lipids to their constituting part of the
antioxidant enzymes, from their participation in the phenomena of cellular division to constituting part
of cells entrusted with the body’s immune defense. We shall continue the broad descriptions of these
highly nutritive substances by approaching the amino acids, humble and versatile building blocks,
constituents of many enzymes, hormones, and of our tissues, particularly the muscular and epithelial
tissues. A vast number of simple sugar molecules queue up to supply immediate energy and digestive
enzymes, improve nutrient absorption and, therefore healthy bodily conditions. Acemannan, the long-
chained mucopolysaccharides able to interact with weakened cellular membranes created by poor
digestion and nutrition, promote the flow of toxic substances to the body’s exterior and nutritive
substances to the body’s interior. The “cocktail” of substances contained in Aloe guarantees that it can
furnish a proper and balanced intake of these nutrients, comparable to the most modern multivitamin,
mineral, or protein supplements available.
RECOMMENDED READING:-Pittman. Immune Enhancing effects of Aloe. Health
Conciousness. 13 (1). -Leung, (1977). Effective Ingredients of Aloe Vera. Drugs and Cosmetics. -
Bloomfield, (1995). Miracle Plants: Aloe Vera. Century Publishing.

 PURIFYING PROPERTIES

The purifying action of Aloe juice is due to several molecules. The aloin contained in the plant has
laxative and blood purifying effects. Saponins are also present in the gel, with their detergent and
exfoliating action, especially in relation to pathologies and problems of the integumentary apparatus.
Potassium, a mineral, carries out a fundamental role which makes it possible to eliminate waste
products derived from oxidation processes that occur in the cytoplasm. Even in this case, the complex
sugar, acemannan,
strengthens cell walls, so that the toxins created by metabolism and secondary reactions due to
partially digested food can be properly eliminated from the body.
RECOMMENDED READING:- Pittman. Immune Enhancing effects of Aloe. Health
Conciousness. 13 (1), 28-30. -Coats, Ahola, (1996). The Silent Healer – a modern study of Aloe
Vera. -Plaskett, (1996). The Health and Medical Use of Aloe Vera. Aloe Information Service.

 RADIOPROTECTIVE PROPERTIES
This last property which we are about to explore is also supplied with a vast array of molecules that
function synergistically to protect our skin from the damage that can result from exposure to various
radioactive sources. A combination of calcium with vitamin A (retinol and beta carotene) provides
adequate defense of the epidermic layer of our skin against sun damage and the various forms of
radiation that can strike us daily. If we are instead faced with more serious skin damage, perhaps due
to exposure to radiotherapy, other restabilizing agents are certainly to be recommended. Proteolytic
enzymes make up the team that “digests” the waste tissues and accelerates the tissue’s regenerative
phase. The bradykinase enzyme, for example, blocks the inflammatory reactions, the responses to
necrotic external events, and stimulates the body’s immune (defense) system. Isobarbaloin, an ester of
cinnamic acid and salycilic acid, carries out an analgesic or pain-relieving action. Acemannan
accelerates the re-epithelialization phase, or the regeneration of skin tissue, by intervening in the
stimulation of macrophages and by increasing the production of fibroblasts and collagen. This ensures
a rapid attenuation of the typical pain of radiation and equally rapid tissue reabsorption, either from
sunburn or radiotherapy.
RECOMMENDED READING:- Sato, Ohta, et al. (1990) Studies on chemical protectors against
radiation. Protection effects of Aloe arborescens on skin injury induced by X-irradiation. -
Yakugaku Zasshi-Journal of Pharmaceutical Society of Japan. 110 (11), 876-84. -Burk, et al.
(1993). Phase II Evaluation of an Aloe Vera Gel for Preventing Radiation-induced Dermatitis.
International Journal of Radiation Oncology Biology Physics. 27.

METHODOLOGY
Methodology is the systematic, theoretical analysis of the methods applied to a field of study. It
comprises the theoretical analysis of the body of methods and principles associated with a branch of
knowledge. Typically, it encompasses concepts such as paradigm, theoretical model, phases and
quantitative or qualitative techniques

STUDY LOCATION:
This study was conducted online, data was accessed from different shopping sites

SAMPLE SIZE:
It includes 10 different products of skin and hairs.

TOOLS AND TECHNIQUES:

This is an important part of survey and the discussion regarding choice of method of data collection
has been obtained after careful consideration.
From amongst the alternative method, there are many method of data collection . I have choose online
survey method.

RESULT AND DISCUSSION

The project entitled “MEDICINAL PROPERTIES OF ALOE VERA”
Data collected is given below.

Himalaya Moisturizing Aloe Vera Face Wash (50ml)

Himalayas Moisturizing Aloe Vera Face Wash is a soap-free formulation that replenishes lost moisture
from your skin after every wash, eradicating dry and stretched skin. It is enriched with Cucumber
which cools and soothes while Aloe Vera tones and softens your skin. Our Moisturizing Aloe Vera
Face Wash combines natural ingredients to cleanse your skin, leaving it feeling fresh and glowing
.
Ingredient:
Aloe Vera
Cucumber

Sold by Total price

₹63.0
Tirupattur Home Delivery 0

₹63.0
Nykaa.com 0

₹63.0
Nykaaman.com 0
 bigbasket.com ₹63.7
Show all 4 0

REVIEW: 4.9
Specifications

Universal Product Identifiers

Brand Himalaya Herbals

The Face Shop Jeju Aloe Fresh Soothing Gel (300ml)

A moisture-rich soothing gel that contains aloe extract from Jeju Island, the Jeju Aloe Fresh Soothing
Gel by Faceshop is your utlimate beauty bet. Enriched with the goodness of Aloe barbadensis, this gel
from Jeju Island is made of 99% aloe leaf extract and also contains nine ingredients extracted from
natural plants. Known for its medicinal properties, aloe moisturizes and softens the skin. It can also be
used as a face mask or for after-sun care. Its formula immediately relieves irritated skin after sun
exposure.Here's to superb skin ladies! The rich essence if Aloe moisturizes and softens the skin. This
product is dermatologically tested.Created to give you a gorgeous Korean beauty experience. Beauty
treasure for millions around the globe, Faceshop is a South-Korea based skincare line that provides
fabulous goodies for your beauty rituals. Ranging affordable high quality products born from botany,
this sensational brand believes on creating products that stem from a lovely concept of 'Science meets
Beauty'. In a nutshell, Faceshop is your ultimate dream destination to treat your skin to it's best
beautiful.

Total
Sold by
price

₹428.00
Nykaa.com

Amazon.in ₹445.00
 Total
Sold by
price

Foxy ₹427.00

₹428.00
Nykaaman.com

Boddess ₹450.00

thefaceshop.in ₹478.00

₹427.00
Shoppers Stop

REVIEWS:4.7
Specifications

Universal Product Identifiers

Brand THE FACE SHOP

Light Hydrating Facial Gel Pure Aloe Vera(50ml)

Give your skin the essential nourishment that help in the rejuvenating process by using Soundarya
Radiance Cream with 24 Karat Gold & SPF 25 that is mild and gives your skins texture a porcelain
finish. Deeply Moisturizes and Nourishes Skin Going seven layers deep into your skin, this cream
moisturizes and nourishes your skin and keeps it healthy. Leaves Toned, Supple and Radiant Skin
Enjoy a toned, supple and radiant skin with a regular application of this cream from Forest Essentials
that makes you appealing. Protects Skin against Detrimental Effects of UV Light Prevent tan and
protect your skin from the detrimental effects of UV light that causes skin problems. Firms Underlying
Muscles to Tone Skin Preventing a saggy skin, this cream firms the underlying muscles and tones your
skin. Helps to Combat Free Radicals Combating free radicals, this cream makes your skin soft and
supple.
 Total
Sold by
price

Forest Essentials India ₹1,425.00

NNNOW.com
₹1,425.00

REVIEW: 4.8

Specifications

Universal Product Identifiers

Forest Essentials
Brand

Nature'S Aloevera Gel(150gm)

Pamper And Moisturize Your Tender Skin With The Aloe Vera Gel From Natures Essence And Get
Ready To Flaunt Soft And Smooth Skin Everyday
Flipkart
₹125.00
REVIEW :4

Specifications
Model Name Aloevera Gel

Composition Peppermint Oil, Aloe Vera

Dermal Aloe Vera Gel Regular (300gm)

Dermal Korea Aloe Vera Gel 95% Use to soothe sunburn Moisturize fatigued skin Soothe

itching skin from insect bites Mineral

Item Total
Sold by
price price

1mg ₹785.00 ₹785.00

Amazon.in ₹735.00 ₹735.00

REVIEW :4

Key Ingredients:
Aloe Vera

Greenleaf Green Leaf Pure Aloe Vera Skin Gel (120gm)

The Aloe Vera plant has a 2000 year history of utilization in ayurveda as Kumari. It has been generally
prestigious for its inexplicable skin rejuvenation and healing properties everywhere throughout the
world. Advanced examination demonstrates that the numerous profits of Aloe Vera are because of the
synergistic activity of in excess of 75 indispensable fixings show in its gel. Try Brihans green leaf pur
aloe vera gel today Acne, Rash, Minor skin eruptions, Sunburn, Minor cuts, wounds & skin Allergies.

Total
Sold by
price

Flipkart ₹115.00

Amazon.in ₹119.00

Flipkart ₹210.00
 Total
Sold by
price

Flipkart ₹115.00

REVIEW : 4
Specifications
Green Leaf Aloe Vera Gel

Indus valley Bio Organic Hair Reborn Aloe Vera Gel With Bhringraj & Walnut Oil (175ml)
It is ammonia free and also not contains parable, PPD and other harmful chemicals. Use it daily to
keep your hair healthy and dandruff-free scalp. Promote Healthy Hair Growth Works itchy &dry scalp,
prevents UV rays. Makes healthy long, thick and shiny smooth hairs. Steps to use: Take a dab of the
gel in clean and dry hands. Apply on scalp and hair thoroughly. Indus Valley Bio Organic Hair Reborn
Aloe Vera Gel is made in a completely natural environment, made with a fresh aloe vera grown at the
foothills of the Himalayas. Assemble especially for the healthy hair growth. It prevents hair loss and
also nourishes dry & itchy scalp and keep hairs protective against harmful UV rays. It gives lustrous
shiny appearance to your hair. Works wonderfully if applied at night on hair.

Total
Sold by
price

Amazon.in ₹259.00

Indus Valley ₹309.00

₹249.00
Nykaa.com

Healthmug.com ₹284.00

REVIEW :4
Mamaearth Aloe Vera Gel For Face, with Pure Aloe Vera & Vitamin E for Skin and Hair - 300ml
Hydrates Skin The gel thoroughly hydrates skin while keeping it healthy and glowing. The hydration
lasts from day to night, eliminating the need for reapplication.
MamaEarth
₹399.00
REVIEW : 3
Key Ingredients
Aloe Vera , Glycerin , Vitamin E

WOW Skin Science Aloe Vera Multipurpose Beauty Gel for Skin and Hair, 150ml, ACV Shampoo +
Hair Conditioner + Aloe Vera Gel

Buy best aloe vera gel with multipurpose benefits & uses today. Naturally composed aloe vera gel
moisturizes skin, speeds up hair growth & treats infections
Buy Wow
₹999.00
REVIEW : 4

KEY INGREDIENTS
Aloe Vera Juice (99%),Xanthan Gum (plant-based natural thickener) , Citric Acid

Aroma Treasures Aloe Vera Gel For Hair, Skin, Body & Beard ~ 100% Natural Aloevera Each 125gm
Pack 0f 2

Moisturizing Gel For Face, Body & Hair : All Skin Types Moisturizing Gel Is Suitable For All Types
Of Skin, Body & Hair .
Flipkart
₹240.00
REVIEW : 4

Kapiva Pure Aloe Vera Skin Gel - Hydrating Gel for Face - 500g
Kapiva Aloe Vera hydrating face gel is made from freshly pulped Aloe leaves. This aromatic and
soothing mix helps to achieve
Amazon.
₹405.00

REVIEW : 4

Bio Organic Aloe Vera Gel· (175ml)

Indus Valley Bio Organic aloe vera gel organic for face green leaf gets you the all natural and
excellent Aloe Vera gel extracted and packed in a container

Total
Sold by
price

Indus Valley ₹289.00

Healthmug.com ₹264.00

REVIEW : 4

CONCLUSION:

The title of my project is “MEDICINAL VALUE OF ALOE VERA” I had done the online survey
of the aloe vera products had checked their availablity on different sites.Majority of the products were
being found on flipcart,amazon and nykaa.The price range of majority products was between RUPEES
200-300.Most of of products being found were multipurpose i.e they could be used for the treatment
for skin as well as for hairs.Review of the most of the products were 4.The price of same product on
different sites varied i.e the price of ‘Greenleaf Green Leaf Pure Aloe Vera Skin Gel’ varied on
different sites. Time before ,people were not aware of aloe vera nor their products were being made
and was not available online for us, but now we could see hundreds of products on different sites.

Limitations of study
Due to lockdown, looking into the present situation the online survey was being made.Otherwise
questionnarie could also be given to the people manually and their opinions could be known to this.As
limited products products are being mentioned above..And we could have visit to the people , new
homemade products could be known, new online or ofline products could be known.As different
people have different type of usage according to their problem and pocket.
Sometimes some people are not able to effort products of high price value, but they have found the
alternate for it in the home remedy, we are not able to get that information too.
Products which are available online online may have high price value in comparison to ofline
products.But the price variation between ofline and online products are also not known.More focus
could be done on the study if the survey would on ofline mode.On the basis of review we have decided
which product should be more preferable , if we do the survey in ofline mode we could easily get the
information related to the effectiveness of the products through the opinions of the people.

REFERENCES

http://www.ecoindia.com/flora/trees/aloe-vera-plant.html
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/267782670_Clilinical_importance_of_aloe_vera
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2763764/
https://www.thealoesource.com/aloe-vera-wikipedia-says/
https://www.healthifyme.com/blog/aloe-vera-nutritional-facts-benefits-weight-loss-and-side-effects/
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/
262698658_Therapeutic_and_Medicinal_Uses_of_Aloe_vera_A_Review
The great Aloe Book ( e-book)