Field visit report on drinking water treatment plant, MANPUR, GAYA PROJECT REPORT Submitted by Rajeev kumar Enrollment No.-CUSB2103212020 arene MASTER OF SCIENCE IN ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE CENTRAL UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH BIHAR GAYA — 823001, INDIAReport on Ganga Water Lift Project, Manpur,GayaACKNOWLEDGEMENT I would like to express my special thanks to our respected Head of the Department Dr. Umesh Kumar Singh for not only providing us the opportunity but also for making prior arrangements for the trip. Talso want to thank our coordinator Dr. Prashant, Dr. Rajesh Kumar Ranjan and Dr. NL Devi for taking out their time and effort to accompany their students throughout the trip. I would like to thank our kind professors Dr. Pradhan Parth Sarthi and Dr. Ram Kumar for guiding us with their experiences. I gratefully thank Abadesh Kumar Singh, wapcos India limited for allowing us to visit the water treatment plant for public water supply. Special thanks is to my classmates for supporting each other to learn new things from the upcoming water treatment plant visit, being available to help in any ups and downs and making the trip memorable for a lifetime. Thank you to my parents for being my support system. Thank you!Contents Page No. Acknowledgement Table of Contents Introduction Ganga Water Lift Project Phase -1 List of FiguresINTRODUCTION This report is about the field trip which was organized on 12/04/2022 at 8:00 A.M from Central University Of South Bihar Campus to the Manpur, Patwatoli and Dubhal situated on the outskirts of Gaya near the Falgu river. The duration of the field visit was about 4 hours. This project is about the ganga lift project the water treatment plant is being constructed in gaya to meet the water requirements in the whole city bof gaya and Bodh Gaya. In Gaya,the water treatment plant was started in July 2020. Ganga water will be pumped in the Hathidah,one pipeline will go to Rajgir, while another to Nawada,then to Manpur where the water is stored and treated.We first reach the under construction water treatment plant around 9:30 A.M, here we receive first hand information on design, construction and functioning of the plant. It was nicely explained by the Engineer Abadesh Kumar Singh who briefly explained the scheme of the project and allowed us to explore the constitution site. And he also explained the process of who the water treatment will work after the completion of the project. The water treatment plant to supply ganga water is built in the three cities of Bihar - Gaya, Rajgir, Nawada where to of the constitution purpose have been completed in Gaya. Collection of water will be done from Tetar dam reservoir of raw water. The water treatment plant started with the pre-settling tank where all the suspended particles settle down the it will be sent to cascadeaerator,here gaseous exchange will be done. The water will be then passed to the clariflocculator where the combination of flocculation and clarifuction will be done in a double tank. The water will then pass to the settling chamber where chlorine will be added to the water and the process of pre chlorination will be done. With the help of a measuring channel the water will then pass to the cascade aerator . After this process all the particles will settle down with the help of measuring channels, only water will move to the filter house where the process of chlorination will be done. Chlorination will be done on the pedestal and the chlorine will be the liquid chlorine. In the filter house the filtration of the water level is checked on the utility building and further it will be passed to the wash water tank for the washing purpose.Finally the water will be supplied to the pump house and then it will be supplied to the entire Gaya to Bodhgaya. It has a capacity of 186.6 MLD. The state of the art plant is expected to supply water by mid of next year.1 Ganga water uplift project upcoming model of treatment plant. > This section is about the water treatment plant situated, in near manpur block. The air of this project is to provided Ganga river water to the citizens of Gaya, Why Because the water table of Gaya is decreasing at the rate of about 1 m per year. Bihar Government took initative where the surpilus water that is present in Ganga during the rainy season can be stred and transported to Gaya for Drinking Water Pourpose. Its aimme to provide 186.5 million liter per day 1.1-Sereening Screening is the first unit operation used at wastewater treatment plants (WW TPs). Screening removes objects such as rags, paper, plasties, and metals to prevent damage and clogging of downstream equipment, piping, and appurtenances. Some modem wastewater treatment plants use both coarse screens and fine screens. Coarse screens remove large solids, rags, and debris from wastewater, and ty] openings of 6 mm (0.25 in) or larger. Types of coarse sereens include mechanically and manually cleaned bar sereens, including trash racks Fine sereens are typically used to remove material that may create operation and maintenance problems in downstream processes, particularly in systems that lack primary treatment, Typical ‘opening sizes for fine screens are 1.5 to 6 mm (0.06 to 0.25 in). Very fine screens with openings of 0.2 to 1.5 mm (0.01 to 0.06 in) placed after coarse or fine screens can reduce suspended solids to levels near those achieved by primary clarification 1.2-Grit Removal Chamber Grit includes sand, gravel, cinder, or other heavy solid materials that are “heavier” (higher specific gravity) than the organic biodegradable solids in the wastewater. Grit also includes eggshells, bone chips, seeds, coffee grounds, and large organic particles, such as food waste. Removal of grit prevents unnecessary abrasion and wear of mechanical equipment, grit deposition in pipelines and channels, and accumulation of grit in anaerobic digesters and aeration basins. Grit removal facilities typically precede primary clarification, and follow screening and comminution. This 6|Pageprevents large solids from interfering with grit handling equipment. In secondary treatment plants. without primary clarification, grit removal should precede aeration (Metcalf & Eddy, 1991), Many types of grit removal systems exist, including aerated grit chambers, vortex-type (paddle or Jetinduced vortex) grit removal systems, detritus tanks (short-term sedimentation basins). inlet i ‘ i outlet fats, oll and grease . compressed air (optional) ey” Fig- Aerated Grit Chamber 1.3- Rake Clarifier Clarifiers are settling tanks built with mechanical means for continuous removal of solids being deposited by sedimentation, Clarification is the oldest and most widely used operation in the effective treatment of wastewater. A rake clarifier is generally used to remove solid particulates or suspended solids from liquid or clarification and thickening by gravitational settling. The main purpose of the clarifier is to produce a cleaner effluents and to remove solids. Clarifiers are slowly rotating rake arms, A liquid feed with suspended solids is fed to the clarifier tank. Clear liquid overflows the top of the tank and is collected in a trough. The clarifier slows the water down and removes the solids that settle on the bottom with a rotating sludge raking system. It also removes solids that float to the surface of the tank with its 7|Pagerotating rake skimming system, Thereafter, the wastewater slowly removed from the tank and delivered to oxidation ponds for the next step in the process, Fig- Rack Clarifier and Primary Sedimentation Tank 1.4-. Activated Sludge Process The activated sludge process is one of the most commonly used for secondary wastewater treatment. As a suspended-growth biological treatment process, activated sludge utilizes a dense microbial culture in suspension to biodegrade organic material under aerobie conditions and form biological floc for solid separation in the settling units. Diffused or mechanical aeration maintains the aerobic environment in the reactor ‘Typical retention times are 5-14 hours in conventional units rising to 24-72 in low rate systems Performance of activated sludge systems in removing parasites varies with parasite species, (BHASKARAN et al. (1956) reported greater removal of Ascaris and Trichuris (96-97%) than for hookworm (88%). Similarly, higher rates of removal have been reported for Giardia eysts (> 97%) than for cysts of Entamoeba histolytica (< 85%) or Cryptosporidium oocysts (around 80%) (Feachem et al, 1983) Efficacy of removal reported may depend on whether effluents were sampled after aeration and sludge separation or after secondary sedimentation following activated sludge treatment. Parasite removal during activated sludge treatment occurs predominantly during secondary sedimentation with free and assisted sedimentation likely to be occurring in a similar manner to that during primary sedimentation. (Medema et al. (1998) reported that 70% of protozoan cysts attached to particles 0- B[Page200 jum in secondary settled sewage after 24 h of activated sludge treatment suggesting enhanced settling of protozoa during secondary sedimentation Higher removal efficiencies for protozoan cysts have been reported after activated sludge treatment (including secondary sedimentation) than during primary sedimentation. At two activated sludge plants, primary sedimentation removed 4- 42% protozoan cysts in comparison to 53-98% removal in activated sludge units (including secondary sedimentation) (Robertson et al 2000b). Overall the activated sludge plants removed < 99% of protozoan cysts (primary and secondary sedimentation included). Similarly, Mayer and Palmer (1996) found that most protozoan removal occurred after activated sludge treatment (84 5- 99.5%; lowest rates were that of Cryptosporidium); removal performance improved to 98 9-99.9% for the activated sludge plant (complete works including primary sedimentation). In contrast, both primary and secondary sedimentation may be important for helminth egg removal. In an activated sludge plant not preceded by primary sedimentation, removal rates of 75% helminth eges and 93%, protozoan cysts were reported. Where primary and secondary sedimentation was considered, activated sludge plants (complete works) removed 97-100% Ascaris eges and 99.7% (mansoni atel (Rowan, 1964), Effective removal of Ascaris is most likely due to sedimentation. The high removal rates for Schistosoma may have been facilitated by egg hatching since Schistosoma eggs have been found to hatch readily in experimental wastewater tanks 9|PageThe photo of the up-coming water treatment is given below:- Fig:- under constructed water treatment plant 10| Page