co Ol Feelings and qualities SPA ET AC ese BB vocwe Food angry (ad) Mengril excited (ad) /AK' SANE nnn funny (adi) anil lonely (adj) Mount) TeEVOUS (2) (DIVO) oe relaxed (ad)) /ev'lackst/ surprised (ad) /sa'prarzd! Fed a) Ht eee Holidays book a hotel / hostel / B and B (v) J,bok 9 hoo'tel /‘hostl / biz an ‘bit! buy souvenirs (V)/,bar ,susva'niaz! explore anew place (v) /tk,splatr 9 njus ‘plets/ get sunburned (v) /,get 'sanbaind/ .g0 abroad on holiday (v) /,g90 abr sd on holoder! have an accident (v) /,haev an ‘weksidant/ hire @ car (v) hator a ‘kaz(ry/ lose your suitcase / passport (v) suitkels / ‘parspott/ miss a flight / bus / train (v) Jams 9 'flatt "bas /‘tremn/ send a postcard () /,send a ‘poustka:d! g—- beans (n) /bisnz/ carrots (n) 'kaerats/ cheese (n) /tfizz! po chicken (n) /tfikin/ chill sauce (0) ful soe pepper (n) pepatry! 2 salt (9) /solt/ sugar tn) Age eee yoghurt (n) /jngat/ crunchy (a) kant i. healthy (adi) HEH een spicy (ad) 'sparsi/ sweet (ad) /s tasty (ad) tersti/ Learn it lose (v) Musa! miss (v) /mus/—_ Past simple Affirmative | You watched TV. Negative She did not / didn’t watch TV. Questions _ Did you watch TV? Use We use the past simple if we know when a completed action in the past happened. Did you see the film? We saw the film last night. Irregular verbs There are no rules for the formation of irregular verbs. You have to learn them. See the list on page 120. Present simple and present continuous Present simple Present continuous Affirmative | sometimes eat spicy food | am learning Greek. He sometimes eats spicy food She is learning Greek ‘Negative We don't eat spicy food. We aren't learning Greek. _She doesn't eat spicy food He isn't learning Greek Questions | Do you often eat spicy food? ‘Are you learning Greek? Does he often eat spicy food? Is she learning Greek? Uses We use the present continuous for actions in progress now. They're shopping for clothes at the moment. We also use it to talk about the immediate future. 'm having a coffee with my friend this afternoon We use the present simple for routine, repeated actions and things which are generally true. She reads her book every night Comparative and superlative adjectives sweet _| sweeter Jas/sosweetas _notas/sosweetas —_ the sweetest interesting | more interesting | as/so interesting as | not as/so interesting as the most L i interesting Iegular | good better as/s0 good as not as/so good as the best bad worse as/so bad as not as/so bad as the worst Use We use a comparative adjective + than to compare two or more different things or people. Ameton is sweeter than an orange We use as/so + adjective + as to compare two or more things or people that are the same. This melon is as/so sweet as the orange | had earlier We use a superlative adjective to compare three or more things or people. Of the three dishes, the curry is the tastiest one. oO --S ) Vocabulary practice How do the people feel? Solve the anagrams. Lauren ellyon Matthew dexerla Sujit ryang Cara venruso Jesse tidexee Lauren feels angry. Matthew feels Suit feels Cara feels Jesse feels Complete the phrases and match them to the photos. lose your suitcase ahotel acar anaccident your flight I > Rone Complete the advertisements with the descriptions A-C. A healthy, tasty and crunchy B sweet and spicy C healthy and sweet D ereinchpanetopiey JAC! TORTILLA CHIPS SUPER-HOT CHILLI FLAVOUR 4 Complete the email with the words. W —/ angry booked chillisauce excited hired lost missed sunburnt tasty tired Hi Sandy How are you? m on holiday with my family and it's a total disaster. We left home yesterday. There was lots of traffic on the motorway, so we missed our flight. Dad was very (1) We finally got on a plane at 11 p.m. but the airline (2) our suitcases, Dad (3) acar and we went to our hatel Mum (4) it online, but when we arrived, they said there weren't any rooms. We spent the night in the car. We were very (5) , 50 today we went to the beach, But we didn't have any sunscreen (it was in Murs suitcase) and we all got (6) Then we had lunch. My pizza was (7) at first, but there was lots of (8) ont, so it was very spicy and now | feel ill Iwas so (9) . about this holiday but now | want to go home. © Adam lixcaes || AZTE ‘&@ CORPAN' caus MI cHoee The (2)... taste of Mexico (3). mango pieces Delicious and full of vitamins Starter unitGrammar Past simple Vocabulary Holidays 1 * Complete the sentences with the past simple verbs in the box. Are they regular (R) or irregular (0? bought cleaned drank saw visited went 1 We shopping last weekend. 2 My dad _. the kitchen. 3 We an interesting museum. 4 | _....... orange juice this morning. st 5 We the World Cup final on TV. 6 Kate anew dress for the party. 2% Complete the sentences and questions. lid sleep well last night. 'm tired 2 W__ yout school yesterday? 3D. you watch the film last night? 4 iw. _ surprised to see you. | thought you were on holiday. 5 Sally w felt relaxed nervous about the exam, She 4% Write sentences and questions. Use the past simple. 1 Tom / play / in the match. 2 Alana / not go / to the cinema / yesterday. 3 they /be / tired / after the trip? 4 we / eat / sandwiches / for lunch. 5 you / read / the newspaper / yesterday? 6 the comedy show / not be / funny. GRAMMAR REFERENCE PAGES 82-83 * Choose the correct option. WV — 1 go/ explore a new place 2 get /have sunburnt 3 lose / miss a flight 4 lose / miss your suitcase 5 get /have an accident 6 book /hire a8 and B ‘x Complete the sentences with the verbs in the box. — bought go hire meet miss send 1 Rudy... some souvenirs for his parents. 2 Ahostel is a good place to... new people 3 Don't forget to me a postcard! 4 Let's a car and drive along the coast. 5 always arrive at the airport very early. I don't want to my flight. 6 We usually spend the summer in our country, but we want to abroad this year. ‘*** Complete the sentences with verbs from exercises 1 and 2 and your own ideas. Use the past simple. We hired a car for a week because we wanted to explore the Pyrenees. 1 didn't my flight because 2. When the travel company my suitcase, an expensive hotel because 41 sunbut because. G you a postcard because... on @ an A ¢Grammar Present simple and Vocabulary Food present continuous 1 @minisnor-e @ OO XS f 1 + Choose the correct option. 1 yoghurt =. Tchicken A ‘ 1 At the moment, we book / ‘re booking a hotel 2 sugar ~ S pepper online 3 carrot 2 We often spend / are spending the summer in A eS long oraniee verstante ireland B Itsakind of white meat. 3. Anil buys / is buying his plane ticket right now. 1 Tes whiteand tide fron rilk af Whekdheri shes “etic. doihesion? D It'sin cakes, biscuits and cola. 5 George doesn't like / isn't liking cheese E It's usually next to the salt on the table. 6 What time does the shop open / is the shop . - ening on Saturdays? 2 ** Complete the sentences with the words in eS ae the box. — / 2 + Complete the sentences and questions 7 with the correct present simple or present crunchy healthy spicy sweet tasty continuous form of the verbs. 1 Dontt eat foods like crisps in the a (send) cinema. Theyre really noisy! this message from 2 Doyou like curry and other... Indian. the airport. one A Resaony: 3 I don't like milk chocolate because it's too hire) 2 - car when we go to 4 Wehaveavery diet. We eat lots of Scotland fruit, vegetables, beans and lentils 2 We 5 This cheese is very I ove it (want) to go abroad this year. 4 Atthe moment, my brother... (swim) 3. “#* Complete the words. |W in the sea. ‘A Have you got any vegetarian Burgers? 5 Its the first day of the course, and we B Yes, we have. Try our Veggie Burger. t's made (meet) lots of new people. of (1) b____. For £1.50 extra, you can have 6 you usually — (feel) tired in the mozzarella (2) ch____ oni. t's very morning? et. / 3 +k Complete the questions. Then answer A Isit(4)sp___? "them with your own ideas. B Yes, itis. i's got (5) ch__. —onit, 1: yh vet dentertiowt ‘A Iljust have a portion of (6) ch___, thanks. B Do you want (7) s___ and ketchup on them? 2 Where (you / sit) at the ‘A. Nos. please: moment? B You can have an ice cream for just £1 extra. 3. Which day of the week (you / tke) ‘A No, thanks. m trying to eat less (8) s____ at BOSE? WHY? the moment. 4 What usually (you / do) at the weekend? 0 -- eae ae .Grammar Comparative and superlative adjectives * Are the bold forms comparatives (C) or superlatives (S)? This is the tastiest sandwich. —.. Salads ere healthier than burgers. —... Tiramisu is the best dessert. Spinach is net as bad as | thought. ___ Thai food is more interesting than fish and chips. 6 This is the most expensive cheese in the shop. ” aonwn ** Complete the sentences with the words in the box. as more most than the (x2) 1 Which ice cream is tastiest: chocolate, strawberry or vanilla? 2 The cheese pie is better... the chicken pie. 3 The.......... important ingredient is cheese. 4 My meal was... expensive than yours. 5 These red apples aren't sweet as the green ones, 6 Thisis best bakery in the city. *** Complete the sentences with the correct comparative and superlative forms and your own opinions. % isa (interesting) dish than 7 2 is (tasty) than _... (healthy) 4 The. (good) dish from my country or region i —== 5 The _ (expensive) place to eat in my townis..°°. 68 w—y 1. Vocabulary reference Behaviour acceptable (adi) /ak'septabl) eee nnn common (adi) /koman/ ea direct (adi) /da'rekt, di-, dat-/ cca dishonest (adj) /dis'onist/ easy-going (ad))/,ixzi'goury/ — fair (ad) /fea(ry soon familiar (ac) /fa'matia(ey honest (ad) /‘ontst/..... indirect (adj) /,inda'rekt, obligatory (adj) /a'bligatri/ rare (adj) frea(ry! a strict (ad) /Strtkt/ unacceptable (adj) /,anak'septabl/ conn unfair (adi) /,an'fea(ry/ Unfamiliar (2) /,amfa! mi 9(t)) eee voluntary (adj) 'volontri/ - a Personal qualities active (adj) 'aektiv/ adventurous (adi) /ad'vemtfaras) oom ambitious (adi) /eem'bifos/ 7 artistic (adi) /ar't1stth/ confident (adi) "konfidant/ creative (adj) /kri'ertiv/ curious (adj) "kjvarias/ ~ hard-working (ad) /Jhazd ‘wazkin/ —_-_ logical (adi) ‘todsrkl/ asec mathematical (adj) /,mae@o'maetikV organized (ad) /s:ganarzd! perenne sociable (adj) /'savfabl/ an Growing up ceremonies hunt (v) Ahant/ i status (n) /'stettas/ i tattOO (N):/tD th spevienereneinneinminantn tribe (n) /tranby aaa warrior (n) woria(ry sara - Unit 1 Time forchange Word builder: noun suffixes 1 arrive (v) fatraty/ antival (9) fa'ratVY eee populate (v) ‘popjulert/ population (n) /,popju'lerfn/ protect (v) /pro'tekt/ protection (n) /pra‘tekf survive (v) /sa'vav/ survival (n) /sa'vatvi/ Learn it! (CRB NO FOE study for a degree /,stadi far a di'grit/ Functional language Reacting to news How awful / surprising / exciting! ‘That's fantastic / dreadful / understandable! On deer! /no!/cealy? What apity/shamel That sounds nice / terrible! What is / was it like? How do / did you feel? What happened next?oo Seles ic Modals of obligation, prohibition and necessity: have to, must and need to 17 You / We / They have to / had to / need to / needed to / must read. He / She / It has / had to / needs / needed to read, Negative |/ Y0u/ We/ They don't have to / didn't have to / don't need to / didn’t need to stay He / She / It doesn't have to / didn’t have to / doesn't need to / didn't need to / mustn't stay. jong | D0/ Did! you / we / they have to / need to finish? Questions | Does / Did he/she /it have to /need to read? ‘Must has the same form forall subject pronouns. Must is used with the infinitive of the verb without fo. Use + We use have to and must to talk about an obligation or a rule + We use don't have toto talk about something which isnt obligatory. + The opposite of must and have to is mustn't. We use mustn't to talk about something that is prohibited. + We usually use have to in questions. Must isn't common in questions. + We use need to when we are talking about a necessity. Affirmative Modals of ability and permission: can, will be able to and allow / be allowed to Can, could and will be able to have the same form for all subject pronouns. Affirmative || can speak French, [They could speak French. __| We will be able to speak French. Negatiy I can't speak French. [You couldn't speak French. | She won't be able to speak French. Questions Can you speak French? _|Couldhe speak French? _| Will yoube able to speak French? Allow has the same form as any regular verb. To use be allowed to, we only need to change the verb be. ‘Affirmative | The teacher allows / allowed Sam to | Sam was / The Students were allowed to leave leave early. eatly. Negative The teacher doesn't / didn't allow Sam to | Students aren't allowed to leave early leave early. Sam wasn't allowed to leave early. Questions Does / Did the teacher allow students to Are / Were students allowed to leave early? leave early? Use + Allow someone to and be allowed to are used to express permission. Modals of advice: should, ought to Should / ought to have the same form for all subject pronouns. Lauren should / ought to be more | We shouldn't / ought not to make | What should Kay do? hard-working allot of noise. Use + We use should and ought to to give advice or a recommendation, We use ought tofor affirmative and negative sentences; we use should for affirmative and negative sentences and questions.Grammar Modals of obligation, prohibition and necessity * Do the bold words express obligation (0), no obligation (NO), prohibition (P), necessity (NE), or no necessity (NN)? 1 You have to have a passport to go abroad. 2 You mustn't travel without a ticket. 3 We don't have to eat lunch at school. 4 You must wear a school uniform. 5 He needs to practise more to beat Lee at chess. 6 She doesn't need to spend any money to have some fun. The arts festival is free + Tick (/) the sentences which refer to the past. 1 You mustn't go to the party. Oo 2 You don't have to wear a suit 3 We didn't have to pay. 4 Simon had to go home early. s 6 7 They must work hard. Ineeded to talk to you yesterday. You didn't need to get me a present! +% Choose the correct option. 1 Our school is very formal. We mustn't / don't have to use the teachers’ first names. 2 My room was horrible. |had to / didn’t have to clean it. 3 Ifa friend cooks dinner for you, you must / mustn't say that you like the food. 4 The volleyball match will start on time, so you mustn't / don’t have to be late. 5 You mustn't / don't have to do after-school activities, but you can if you want 6 You have to / don't have to watch the football match with me if you don't want to! 7 We need to / mustn't have a meeting to discuss the school trip. 8 The school had to / didn’t need to buy more computers last year, because there were fewer students. 4 %* Complete the sentences with suitable Vv modals. S fsa What was it like going to school in the UK? Bea Well,|(1) pay attention There were a lot of school rules! Isa Was the school uniform obligatory? Bea Yes, it was. | (2) wear a white shirt and a black skirt. Fortunately, (3)... wear a hat. | hate hats! tsa Wasit very strict? Bea_ It was more formal than here. We (4) call the teachers ‘Sir or “Madam! We couldn't use their first names. Isa Were the other students nice? Bea (5) worry about making friends. They were very friendly. 'sa_ (6) you buy a lot of new books? Bea _No, the school provided all the books that | (FY ene ##% Complete the second sentence so that it has the same meaning as the first. Write one word in each space. A school uniform is obligatory at my school. We have to wear a school uniform at my school 1 It was necessary to study for my exams. 1 for my exams, 2 Dor't use your phone during the film. You your phone during the film. 3 It isn’t necessary for me to get the bus. ' the bus. 4 Please be silent in the library. You make a noise in the library. 5 There wasn't any homework in August. We. do any homework in August.Vocabulary Personal qualities 1 ® Match 1-6 with AF. 1 ‘Ilike music and painting. 2 ‘love learning about new things 3 ‘always plan things carefully 4 ‘have new and original ideas 5 ‘think in a clear, rational way: 6 ‘love meeting people. A B c logical D sociable artistic E curious creative F organized ? 2 %k Choose the correct option. Are you: (1) confident / active and happy to speak in front of a lot of people? + (2) creative / mathematical, with a lot of original ideas? + (3) sociable / logical and good at meeting new people? + (4) confident / hard-working and happy to work long hours? (5) ambitious / logical, with big plans for the. future? + (6) organized / artistic, with everything under control? + (7) hard-working / adventurous and excited about trying new things? (8) curious / hard-working and interested in learning new things? IF you answered ‘yes’ to five questions or more, you have the personality to become a great leader! Are you a natural leader? ** Complete the descriptions with the WS adjectives in the box. — active adventurous ambitious confident hard-working mathematical organized George plans things carefully. He's organized. 1 Alice does gymnastics, plays basketball and goes running every day. She’s ._._. 2. Tom knows he's going to win the match. He's 3. My grandparents always try new, exciting things. They're very 4 We want to do well in the future and get good jobs. We're 5 Sally loves numbers, equations and formulas. She's. 6 Sarjit always studies a lot. He's +++ What qualities do these people need? 7 Use adjectives from exercises 1-3. sales assistants Sales assistants must be hard-working and sociable, 1 doctors 2 radio Dis 3 pilots 4- nurses 5 journalists 6 presidents VOCABULARY REFERENCE PAGES 84.85,Grammar Modals of a permission and advice ity, * Do these sentences refer to the present, the past or the future? 1 My brother can play the trumpet. — 2 We won't be able to swim in the sea. 3 I couldn't find my phone... 4 They! be able to come to the party. _. 5 My grandfather could run very fast. + Write the wards in the correct order to make sentences. 1 speak / Arabic / Jack / can 2 you/ to / the / museum / visit / ought 3 will / to / go / to / Berlin / able / be / they 4 a/write / Helen / should / novel 5 to / couldnt / Andy / go/ the / cinema 6 be / ought /we/to/not /late 7” the / weren't / the / school gym / they / to use / allowed / end-of-year party / for 4+* Write sentences with the opposite meaning. ‘Sam ought to go to the party. Sam ought not to go to the party. 1 He could read when he was three. 2 You should see this film. 3 Illbe able to go out later. 4 You ought to cal him. 5 Students are allowed to eat in the library. 4° ** Correct the mistakes in bold. W — Rachel wittean study at university. will be able to 1 Amir should-te-ge abroad for a year to learn a language 2. Tim ean't allowed to miss school to go to the concert 3 | netable-te speak French when | was ten. 4 Ruby eught-study medicine. She loves Science. 5 lean't go to the match yesterday. ‘*** Complete the sentences with the verb forms in brackets and your own ideas. ~ Last year |... (couldn't) Last year | couldn't ski very well 1 In 2020, t hope |... (will be able to) 2 When people feel tired, they ... (ought to) 3 ladmire ... because he / she ... (can) 4 if you feel sad, you ... (shouldn't) 5 I would like to ..., but |... (am not allowed) 6 My maths teacher... (allows)yl / Reading Changing rites of passage A For centuries, the Maasai people of East Africa have shared their land with lions. In the past, killing a lion was a rite of passage for the Maasai people. A Maasai boy had to hunt and kill a lion to become a man and show that he could become a good warrior. B Today, Maasai boys don’t have to kill lions. The custom became less acceptable when the tribe saw that the lions were dying out. They decided to live with the lions, not to + Match topics 1-3 to paragraphs A-C. 1 changing an old tradition 2. apositive mutual relationship 3 avery old custom 4+# Choose the correct option. 1 The Maasai have lived for hundreds of years with big cats / tourists. 2 Inthe past, a boy killed a lion to show that he was an adult / a teenager 3 The Maasai stopped the tradition to protect the lions / boys. 4. Now Maasai teenagers have to help kill / save the lions to become adults. 5 Today, visitors come to learn about the Maasai people's culture / jobs. 3 fs i v q it a 2 eh aL ‘kk Complete the sentences. Use your own ideas. 1 Inthe past, kiling lions showed that a boy was 2. Lions were in danger, so the Maasai decided they should 3 Today, Maasai boys must protect lions and 4 The Maasai want to protect not only lions but ABD nici 5 Tourism is good for the Maasai people because v DS re une PRCumulative review S-1 Vocabulary Choose the correct option. (20 points) 1 People who are ... don't worry a lot about rules. Avoluntary Beasy-going Cstrict 2. A...is a permanent design on a person’s skin. A tattoo — Bwarrior C tribe 3 When you are ..., you need to sleep. Asurprised B tired Cexcited 4 Something that you don't know well is Aunfair Bunacceptable C unfamiliar 5. Camembert, Cabrales and Cheddar are types of Asugar B cheese Cbeans Read the sentences. Complete the puzzle. (QO points) A|M/B/]I/TI] I uls | g Across 1 My cousinis very .... He wants to be a millionaire before he’s 25! 4 Ima... person so | always think rationally. 5 My dad was very ... when I lost his laptop. Down 1 Onour... at the hotel, a porter carried our bags. 2 Inthe UK, it's. to go to school at five. 3 My mum’ very ....I can play on my games console if | do my homework. Grammar Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verb in brackets and a modal from the box. (12 points) eart could didn'thave to didn't need to must shouldn't will be able to My parents are (be) very strict, so! can’t: go to the party. 1 Tom - (study) at a pilot training school at the moment, so he fly a plane next year! 21 (have) my final exam yesterday, so! study today! Nees be nervous. The test was easy. Fe (not wash) my hair Yesterday, $0 ban do it today. 5 When he... (be) a very young child, Mozart read music. 6! . (eat) a big burger and a lot of chips yesterday, so I... have any fast food today, Correct the mistakes in bold. (8 points) Uniforms usually-are obligatory in British schools. are usually 1 You eughtread this article about Maori tribes 2 Students allow to use the lab for their school projects, 3. What de-yourde right now? 4 This is the-spieyest curry on the menu 31-40: Excellent 21-30; Well done 11-20; Could do better 1-10: Try again