4 yt Clechonic Devices By FteydD Basic Elecbvorien ‘ t; bed -¢ ~ ett sea Fer MSc. Phypies Lecture Conduclors Energy Band Thsery. Q 4 Their electrical properion material can we clarified it Abree groups: Coudiachers, Souriconducks & insulates, Ow The baats bank Tes 4 polidy , tee Aistictow laetveen moleobs , pemicncduchrs ond insulates caw be explained. Fist, Uk howls le emphasized Vnot eum phy emery leands , whic do wet coutain slecdvors, do we coubrilacte te he edrical conducdivipy Of aw mock erted. 5 whew aula ala complak olay Filled bonds con Tain electrons, Tey do wat cortilule te The eeticol covduclivifes , Plvee We cayviers ane vnolle to ae emeray, (cihoun One eleckic Siath is appliod ) due te the Sock Awol oll Ine daeray levels ove oceubied . In comparison, The portals filled Vands cortaty loot te electrons — cae umoeupied energy hovel) at higher enexayien « tne jatter allow carviers te gain | emery in The prerence. of on a ppiied |6 Baric Eleclrowien | ® For Me, Phayaien Lecture 4; A Giotd., ond Whur, carritys in paral, ithed band can coudrilste te the electrical crm — duclivihy cf the wmatenial, Sn The case of mélals, The eleclyowic loand sbructure Proersults iw incomplete filling of The Ligheat ocempied meray band. Sf am Aaclyew nayriver anova additional emeray from on external pore, kK Loaves the valence prelk ond beawes a Soe Hackvor and Sighs in wWhal Is Knoww ay The coma duns ede The dilferemee tw the em betwee The valence land and the conducliow band is called the Oneray gab’ anis is | the ok. 5h emerary That Hw valouw eledwow must have ix order ts jum fom The valowe bond te Ihe eonrduction - bord. Once Ue Ihe corduclion band dhe elecdww is Sree to amove Mreghout the Salen Onde Is mst. ed “te ony give akon,Bask Ueckyoniey aac 5 For Age, Ppien Lecture Sare d Plows eme-rapy ding rom The Tree Laypes of amatertols. AEwerary Sem et yy ° ° ° ie 4) Insulator b) Semizowhuvkrr ¢) Conductor lq. ineyama The Tee Nohice iw pot (A) that trinlotors have a ean wide emerarg rr: Valonce Hectyers Cant qump inte Me Conduclion leand except under lirealedowre condilions whove. Sctremely. high valhoges one abblied accrrs Ihe material. du Fig. Uo mabe tid Pemicounduchrs Lave a cnuch narrmsor Snorage ap. hs Pe permib some Veloce Aebvows te Jump Unto the conducTion baud ond become free edlectvows, tke Sunce oe| Ww conductors overlap Verne Aheren one Large ember 4 roe elecIvows. 4 |eet Basie Electvow® | 6 } $2.3 Sitieon Crystal, For MSc, Playsiea echive & i a When silicon abms combine To form solid thoy | & Oxtomne Ahewsolves Ut om ovdeulyy pattern } icon atom pares os | called Cryptal. Eack itrcon ; eledWwous unth four Meighlouving otowo we puen o way a te have eigit elev in “ds vellewee cvbit . For iwshomee , Fig nhows o central akow witty Sour wadhta(ichbbuer ss @ l 9-9 =6 il ® b) Covabonk bond. | PEI fi bceeyeel At | Four nergh bours | 8 Covalent Bond Each wtigahaerig en shaves aw eledvou with The cevttral akew. In tnis voy) The conlvol olan has four aditional eleckrows, ging ‘EG atobal éf eight edems, ur Abe valence ovbet, the electro, “mo longer belong to a ping ote , we alae of (2) Basie Electronics 4, on MSc, Prapien Leche, Eack central otom ond is neighbours shove eleclworr . the pome tdoa i's true Sor wh Tae othey pilicon alow, Sn olher words tated chow inode a rilicor enyptol bus four MEG Mloours | Simce each nhoed electron im Brg 's lasing, poled La Sbposite diveinus The Qladlvers lecmne o lbowd leekuieen Me chperite coves . This bype chewlenk eend is called a covalent bond. §§ Velowse Sollurclion Each otom in aciltions crgpbal har diahk eledvors nds vole ovlak . Theos eigut eledvory fees O chencicad, ArabiLihy That results iw a dolid prece qh lene mmokerial . Whew the valence ovat Via edgnk elecdtvows Kk is patuvated lecaue vo move eleclvany caw Sit Inte Wes ovbit, Stated ona lav: Volemce saturation : ne 8 Se sthey word, Te valence obit Can bald Mo ove Than eight elechyons, ‘ A silicon. enptad is pevfact ingulater at abt 25%anie Eledwvonien é §¢. Hater ® ee ee Poin Lecture % The ambiewt tomperalure is the tevnperaluve SL The Put oumding. av, When Ihe ambient Lewrperaluve 's coove Abrolict, oo, Ahe host anergy Ln the avy canner The akows in tho pilicon empplol te vilbyale the ligher Ae owhaitnt tempevburve , The rae Us omechomicall Vibyaliony laccome, Mn pilicew ewplal , The Vilbvelows 4 Te attr con oecarionallly Mshodoe aw Recon from ‘ke vborce ovbib . 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Fer tusteance , Let Vp s Then: Ty = A¥=% 2 ge mA feo St Plotling Ths powct (Lp= d0mA, Vp =0) giver & prot om Tre vertical ouyis of Fig) “Thy pest is CaMed paluvntion ecareye it Xt py woul current milh ay ace Nos, Let Vp 2 ye& Leelee, 8. ty = ay-aVv = OAs When me L Andy poet (a0, ort) of Te pork shown on Tre rovigewll ouris (hig I). Thy, prin 's celled curtolt becauoe ut speed niin 6y covet, tke Stal t Line Jhonny "ese. pont Is ColDod the ool fine. Tp domA po une aomA dF 12.5 mA & (Opereding powt) - ' eoboadl ews ' cater ' ih 9 ogy WwW Sy Fia(), Dioke_covve , leact Line Q port | The Qepoint Fit jraos The ead Vine omd a dint CWYVe. The Point Th} infersecion , Kora a Are Q pint napreatnds A Pinaraullauriows peolulion loheon he D-point is The oink on the an ph Mat wevks bat Tre Aiode Ate civertt. By Ceading the coovdiath ame Q point owe oer & Curmnért cl 12.5 mA K odiede Vollege #} 0.75 y, In Ahe preatet discussien Ais om abbrevialow fry quieseent ,aliel aneans act rast. 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