Manual of GIS For ArcGIS Advanced Section PDF

Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA)
Oromia Irrigation Development Authority (OIDA)
Manual of GIS for ArcGIS

~Advanced Section~
May, 2014
The Project for Capacity Building in Irrigation Development (CBID)

Table of Contents
1. Analysis with GIS data ................................................................................ 2-1

1.1 Overall Workflow ..................................................................................... 2-1
1.2 Create Basins along rivers ....................................................................... 2-3
1.2.1 Fill sinks on DEM data ................................................................... 2-3
1.2.2 Create Flow Direction with DEM ..................................................... 2-3
1.2.3 Create Flow Accumulation .............................................................. 2-4
1.2.4 Create Stream Link ........................................................................ 2-6
1.2.5 Create investigation points on the Stream Links ............................. 2-7
1.2.6 Create Basins along rivers ............................................................ 2-12
1.2.7 Create Thiessen Polygon ............................................................... 2-21
1.2.8 Calculate Basin Areas .................................................................. 2-29
1.3 Create Slope class.................................................................................. 2-32
1.3.1 Create Slope ................................................................................. 2-32
1.3.2 Convert into Slope class ............................................................... 2-32
1.3.3 Calculate raster area .................................................................... 2-33
1.4 Reclassify Land Cover data .................................................................... 2-35
1.5 Reclassify Geological map data .............................................................. 2-35
1.6 Weighted overlay analysis ...................................................................... 2-35
2. Create database ........................................................................................ 2-38

2.1 Geo database ......................................................................................... 2-38
2.2 Dataset .................................................................................................. 2-40
2.3 Create database ..................................................................................... 2-41
2.4 Create dataset ....................................................................................... 2-43
2.4.1 Create Feature Dataset................................................................. 2-43
2.4.2 Create Raster Catalog ................................................................... 2-44
2.4.3 Create Raster Dataset .................................................................. 2-45
2.5 Import data to GeoDB ............................................................................ 2-45
2.5.1 Load Raster data .......................................................................... 2-45
2.5.2 Load Vector data .......................................................................... 2-46
Appendix ........................................................................................................ 2-49

Manual of GIS for ArcGIS ~Advanced Section~
1. Analysis with GIS data

1.1 Overall Workflow
We show you our overall workflow for irrigation with GIS database.
In case that target area is decided already, we create basins along rivers
from planning points and calculate the area of watershed on the desk.
1. Create Fill with DEM
2. Create Flow Direction
3. Create Flow Accumulation
4. Create Stream Link
5. Create Outlet points on the Stream Links
6. Create Basins along rivers
And then, we follow these three operations.

One is to create slope categories with a percentage unit through 1) in the
figure.
1. Create Slope (by percentages) with DEM
2. Reclassify slope into a new class value
3. Extract target area with the boundary each Zone/Woreda/Kebele
2-1
Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) & Oromia Irrigation Development Authority (OIDA)
Another is to restructure geological information into new class value

through 2) in the figure.
1. Search quality of soil for agriculture with survey and thesis all over the
world
2. Create the table related geological map with application for agriculture
with the search
3. Reclassify geological map value into new class value with the table
The other is to restructure land cover data from Global Land Cover 2000
Project through 3) in the figure.
1. Check the legends in the land cover raster data
2. Create the table related land cover values with adequacy for agriculture
3. Reclassify land cover value into new class value with the table
Finally,
1. Consider each weight for slope, soil and land cover class.
2. Analyze the calculation from the inputs above with Weighted Overlay
function
3. Discuss potential area which was calculated with the above function
and make a decision about next irrigation area
2-2
1.2 Create Basins along rivers

1.2.1 Fill sinks on DEM data
We must start with creation of surface that has no sinks using “Fill”
function which includes in Hydrology toolset from Spatial Analyst
toolbox below (Arc Tool Box->Spatial Analyst Tools->Hydrology).
• Input Raster
DEM data for target area
(*.tif)
• Output Raster
Filled DEM data (1_fl.tif)
• Z limit (optional)
(blank)
1.2.2 Create Flow Direction with DEM

“Flow Direction” function creates a raster of flow direction from each
cell to its steepest down slope neighbor. This function can be opened
from Arc Tool Box-> Spatial Analyst Tools->Hydrology. The output of
the Flow Direction tool is an integer raster whose values range from 1 to
255. The values for each direction from the center are
1,2,4,8,16,32,64,128.
If a cell is lower than its eight neighbors, the cell is given the value of its
lowest neighbor, and flow is defined toward this cell. If multiple
neighbors have the lowest value, the cell is still given this value, but
flow is defined with one of the two methods explained below. This is
used to filter out one-cell sinks which are considered as noise.
• Input surface raster
Filled DEM data (1_fl.tif)
• Output flow direction raster
Flow Direction data (2_fd.tif)
• Output drop raster (optional)
(blank)
2-3
1.2.3 Create Flow Accumulation

“Flow Accumulation” function creates a raster of accumulated flow into
each cell. This function can be opened from Arc Tool Box-> Spatial
Analyst Tools->Hydrology. A weight factor can optionally be applied.
In the graphic below, the top left image shows the direction of travel
from each cell and the top right the number of cells that flow into each
cell.
• Input flow direction raster

Flow direction data (2_fd.tif)
• Output accumulation raster
Flow Accumulation data
(3_fa.tif)
• Input weight raster (optional)
(blank)
• Output data type (optional)
INTEGER
2-4
After this operation, we must check whether this attribute table is

created or not. If this attribute table is not created, we have to continue
an operation for “3_fa.tif” data with “Build Raster Attribute Table”
function below. “Build Raster Attribute Table can be opened by Arc
Tool Box ->Data Management Tools->Raster->Raster Properties. After
this operation, we can check that this attribute table was created.
After creation of Attribute Table, we use “Con” function. Flow

accumulation raster calculated above have flow value accumulated
based on flow direction. “Con” function creates river grid that is used to
make catchment area. The river grid is that flow value more than a
certain value is gathered. “Con” can be selected from Arc Tool
Box->Spatial Analyst Tools->Conditional-.
2-5
 Input conditional raster

Flow Accumulation data (3_fa.tif)
 Expression (optional)
[“Value”>=100] or
[“Value”>=1000]
(Smaller is the value, more detail
is the river grid.)
 Input true raster or constant
value
1
 Input false raster or constant
value (optional)
(blank)
 Output raster
Extracted data (4_con.tif)
1.2.4 Create Stream Link

“Stream Link” function assigns unique values to sections of a raster
linear network among intersections. Links are the sections of a stream
channel connecting two successive junctions, a junction and the outlet,
or a junction and the drainage divide.
”Stream Link” is opened from Arc Tool Box->Spatial Analyst
Tools->Hydrology-.
• Input stream raster
Con data (4_con.tif)
• Input flow direction raster
• Output raster
Stream Link data (5_sl*.tif)
And then, we need to change raster data into polygon data because we
can take a planning point on the Stream Link easily at next step.
2-6

Stream Link data (5_sl.tif)
• Field (optional)
Value
• Output polyline features
Stream Link Polygon data
(6_sl_ply.shp)
1.2.5 Create investigation points on the Stream Links

We can create watershed by using Stream Link data and investigation
point such as outlet point of river, observation point of discharge and so
on. Also, we can set the lowest spot of the basin which we want to
prepare as investigation point. After we check correct Stream Links, the
investigation point need to be put on stream line based on Stream Link
data. Because ArcMap creates watershed by Stream Link data.
Due to severe operation, we recommend Snap Toolbar be active below
from the Editor toolbar. The right figure means that all vector data are
on.
We show how to take points below.

First, we create an empty shape file in the folder we want to save. We
open the folder on ArcCatalog. Then, right click on the folder, select
“New” and select “Shapefile”. After that, “Create New shapefile” function
is appeared. We set name, feature type and description. Coordinate
system can be decided in description (“Edit” on “Create New
Shapefile”>“Select” on “Spatial Reference Properties”>Projected
Coordinate System>UTM>Africa>Adindan UTM Zone 37.prj).
2-7
If our operation is successful, we can see the empty shape file expressed
with a point icon in the folder.
2-8
And then, we add this “empty” point shape file and Stream Link data to
ArcMap, and start editing below. Before editing, we should confirm
whether Editor Tool is available or not (“Customize”>”Toolbars”).Then,
we click “Editor” on Editor Toolbar and select “Start Editing”.
If we can see the Start Editing window, we select this empty shape file in
the above area of “Start Editing” or the folder which this shape file was
stored in the bottom area of “Start Editing”. Then, we click “OK”.
Tick “Editor”.
2-9
After that, we can see the point file in “Create Features” window on the
right side of ArcMap. If we can’t see it in the window, we click “Organize
Templates”, select “New Template” on “Organize Feature Templates”
window, tick new shapefile on ”Creates New Templates Wizard” and
click “Finish”. Then, we can see the point file in “Create Features”
window.
In case of appearance of new shapefile
In case of not appearance of new shapefile
Click “Organize Templates”.
Click “New Template”.

Tick new shapefile.
After that, we put the point on Stream Link. We click “Point” on

“Construction Tool”, put the point on Stream Link data as you like, click
“Editor” on Editor Tool bar, select “Save Edits” and then click “Stop
2-10
Editing”. If only we set the above snapping condition is available, we can

get the intake points on the Stream Link easily.
3) Click “Editor”.
2) Put the point on Stream Link data.
1) Click “Point”.
4) Click “Stop Editing”.
5) Select “Save Edits”.
We can change size, shape and color of the symbol by double-click on

the symbol of the point.
2-11
Double click on symbol
When we take planning points, we have to take care of the differences

between a few data below.
 Stream Link created with DEM like ASTER

 River data of GIS
 Topographical Map
 Satellite imagery such as Landsat or SPOT
Note that not all the area has Satellite imagery. These four data had
been taken in different time, so these data are not always equal in every
part of the area. We should take points where these three data are
almost equal each other.
1.2.6 Create Basins along rivers

After creation of investigation point, we are able to create a basin along
rivers with “Watershed” function below. “Watershed” function is
2-12
selected from Arc Tool Box->Spatial Analyst Tools->Hydrology-.

 Input flow direction raster
 Input raster or feature pour
point data
Point file which we created on
1.2.5(pp*.shp)
 Output raster
Watershed raster data (7_ws*.tif)
We finally convert raster data into polygon data by “Raster to Polygon”

function. “Raster to Polygon” function is selected from Arc Tool
Box->Conversion Tools->From Raster-.

Watershed raster data
(7_ws*.tif)
• Field (optional)
Value
• Output polygon features
Watershed polygon data
(8_ws*.shp)
• Simplify polygons (optional)
ON (*OFF if we want to create
an actual shape)
However, the watershed created by DEM data may not be perfect all the
time because altitude value of pixels which consist of DEM data is not
necessarily correct. Especially, this error happens in the case that some
rivers are adjacent or the difference of actual altitude in a pixel is large.
If the error occurs, we need to modify the watershed by the way that we
remove unnecessary area or we integrate necessary area by comparing
Stream Link data with Satellite data or topography map. The follows
show one example of error and solution.
2-13
Watersheds of adjacent two

rivers are made by DEM data.
Target rivers Stream Link data
Target rivers
Point on stream link for

making watershed
2-14
Green line and blue line

Target river watershed represent boundary of watershed
of left river and right river.
These boundaries are wrong
because left watershed obviously
includes right watershed.
Point on stream link for

modifying watershed
According to Stream
Link data, stream
links which should
enter to right river
flow into left river.
So, we need to modify
the stream.
2-15
Yellow line represent boundary of

Modified river watershed transferred from left river
watershed watershed to right river watershed.
However, modified watershed is also
wrong because a part of actual left
watershed incorrectly transfers to right
watershed.
According to Stream
Link data, stream link
Point on stream
which should go to
link for modifying
left river flows into
watershed
right river.
So, we need to modify
the stream such as
above.
Stream link
across the left river
2-16
Left river watershed is area

of green and pink, and right
river watershed is area of
blue and yellow.
Therefore, we need to join
and erase the polygon of
each watershed.
2-17
If we need to join some watersheds, we can use “Merge” function from

Arc Catalog or Arc Tool box.
• Input Datasets
Watershed raster data
• Output Datasets
Folder and Name which you
want to save
2-18
Besides, if we want to erase duplicate watershed when we lap several

watersheds, we can follow below.
1) Add datum of
watersheds to
Arcmap and display
all watersheds.
2) Click “Editor” on Editor

Tool bar and then select
“Start Editing”.
2-19
3) Click “Edit Tool” on Editor

Tool bar and then select
watershed we want to edit.
4) Click “Cut Polygons Tool”.
6) Trace along the line we want

5) Click “Trace”.
to split the watershed.
7) Uncheck the check box The watershed is split by

of duplicate watershed. above operation.
8) Click “Edit Tool” on Editor Tool bar, select split watershed we want
to erase and then erase it by “Delete” button on keyboard.
2-20
10) Select “Stop Editing”.
9) Click “Save Edits”.

Erase operation is
completed.
1.2.7 Create Thiessen Polygon

Thiessen method is one of the ways for calculating average-rainfall over
watershed. The average-rainfall means the areal rainfall in watershed
and is often used for runoff analysis of target river. Regarding the
average-rainfall over watershed and Thiessen method, detail is written
in 4.1.2(2)1) of “Guideline for Irrigation Master Plan Study Preparation
on Surface Water Resources”.
We can create Thiessen polygon with some rain gauge stations by

ArcGIS. How to make Thiessen polygon is explained below.
Target river
Target river watershed
Meteorological station
2-21
First, we create connected line among each meteorological station.

1. Make empty shape file of Polyline.
2. Add the empty shape file by “Add Data” function to ArcMap.
3. Start “Editor Tool” and select the empty file.
4. Add the empty file by “Organize Templates” function if it is not in list
of “Create Features”.
5. Select the empty file in list of Create Features and draw connected
line of each meteorological station by “Straight Segment” function in
“Editor Tool”.
Regarding with 1.
1) Right click in the folder we

want to create new shape file
on ArcCatalog.
2) Select “New”.
3) Select “Shapefile”.
4) Set name of file.
5) Change to “Polyline” 7) Click “Select”.

on “Feature Type”.
6) Click “Edit”.
2-22
8) Select “Projected 10) Click “OK” on

Coordinate System” > “Spatial Reference
“UTM” > “Africa” > “Adindan Properties”.
UTM Zone 37.prj”.
11) Click “OK” on “Create
9) Click “Add”. New Shapefile”.
Regarding with 3. and 4.
In case of appearance of new shape file
2-23
In case of not appearance of new shape file
Regarding with 5.
2-24
Second, we make central point on each connected line.

1. Make empty shape file of point (Please refer 1.2.5).
2. Add the empty shape file by “Add Data” function.
5. Select the empty file in list of “Create Features” and create central
point of connected line of each meteorological station by “Midpoint”
function in “Editor Tool”.
2-25
Third, we make perpendicular bisector of connected line

1. Make empty shape file of Polyline.
2. Add the empty shape file by “Add Date” function.
5. Select the empty file in list of “Create Features” and create
perpendicular bisector from the central point by “Constrain
Perpendicular” function in “Feature Construction” in “Editor Tool”.
Maybe we use “Constrain Parallel” function in “Feature Construction”
when we extend the perpendicular bisector.
2-26
Fourth, we adjust the shape of perpendicular bisector.

1. We split the each perpendicular bisector on the cross point of them
by “Split Tool” function of “Editor Tool”.
2. We remove the unnecessary line.
2-27
Finally, we separate the target river watershed along Thiessen border by

“Cut Polygons Tool” function of Editor Tool.
2-28
1.2.8 Calculate Basin Areas

We can calculate the area of target watershed by Thiessen polygon with
“Geometry Calculation” or “Calculate Areas” function.
“Geometry Calculation” procedure is as follows.
1) Right click the polygon file we want to calculate the area.
2) Select “Open Attribute Table”.
2-29
3) Click “Table Options”.
4) Select “Add Field”.
6) Set “Area” as “Name”.
5) Select “Double” as “Type”.
7) Click “OK”.
8) Right click on
“Area” tab.
9) Select
“Calculate
Geometry”.
10) Select the unit we

want set.
11) Click “OK”.
2-30
Area is calculated.
Besides, “Calculate Areas” is selected in Arc Tool Box->Spatial

Statistics Tools -> Utilities.
• Input Feature Class

Watershed polygon data
(*.shp)
• Output Feature Class
Watershed polygon data with
Area attribute (*_cal.shp)
We can see the attribute table with area information when we open the
Attribute Table.
2-31
1.3 Create Slope class

1.3.1 Create Slope
Next, we create slope with the DEM data. We can use “Slope” function to
make it. Note that if DEM data has degree (Lat/Lon) projection, we see
the warning sign in the Slope window below. We have to change into
UTM projection in advance. “Slope” function is opened from Arc Tool
Box->Spatial Analyst Tools->Surface-.
• Input raster
DEM data (*.tif)
• Output raster
Slope raster data expressed with
(*.tif)
• Output measurement (optional)
Degree or PERCENT_RISE
• Z factor (optional)
1
1.3.2 Convert into Slope class

And then, we need to create slope class data with slope data.
Usually, we use “Con” function to handle with If-sentences, but this
function only can use simple condition. So we use “Reclassify”
function to set multiple conditions here. “Reclassify” function is
opened from Arc Tool Box->Spatial Analyst Tools->Reclass-.
2-32
• Input raster
Slope data (*_slp.tif)
• Reclass field
Value
• Reclassification
Range we want to classify (Direct
input in the columns of “Old
values”)
• Output raster
Slope class data (*_slpcls.tif)
1.3.3 Calculate raster area

We calculate area for each boundary such as Zone, Woreda and Kebele.
We use “Zonal Geometry as Table” function to calculate raster data with
specified values. “Zonal Geometry as Table” function is selected from
Arc Tool Box-> Spatial Analyst Tools->Zonal-.
• Input raster or feature zone data

Slope class data (*_slpcls.tif)
• Zone field
Value
• Output table
Table of slope class
2-33
After this operation, we can see the tables for each boundary. Note that
we can see these tables on the ArcCatalog, but we can’t see any tables
on the Microsoft Explorer.
After we add the table to ArcMap by “Add Data”, we can open the table
and see some attribute information below each class value of “Area,
Perimeter, Thickness, X/Y centroid, Major/Minor Axis, Orientation”.
Further, unit of area is same as the slope class data and we can confirm
it by property of the slope class data.
1) Add the table by “Add
2) Right click on added table.
3) Click “Open”.
2-34
1.4 Reclassify Land Cover data

There is Remote Sensing as one of the ways for land cover classification.
Remote Sensing is to analyze land cover by using satellite data such as
LANDSAT or SPOT, GIS software like ArcGIS and Remote Sensing
software like ILWIS. We can understand detail method of Remote Sensing
on “Manual on Land Use Classification Analysis Using Remote Sensing”.
1.5 Reclassify Geological map data

Regarding soil map of Ethiopia, gervernment organization such as
Ministry of Water, Irrigation and Energy, Ministry of Agriculture or
Ministry of Mines and Oromia Design Enterprise have GIS data of soil
map. We can get it from those organizations and analyze soil situation in
target watershed.
1.6 Weighted overlay analysis

Weighted overlay is a technique for applying a common scale of values to
diverse and dissimilar input to create an integrated analysis. The steps are
summarized below.
1. A numeric evaluation scale is chosen. This may be 1 to 5, 1 to 9, or any
other scale. Values at one end of the scale represent one extreme of
suitability (or other criterion); values at the other end represent the
other extreme.
2. The cell values for each input raster in the analysis are assigned values
from the evaluation scale and reclassified to these values. This makes it
possible to perform arithmetic operations on the rasters that originally
held dissimilar types of values.
3. Each input raster is weighted, or assigned a percent influence, based on
its importance to the model. The total influence for all rasters equals
100 percent.
4. The cell values of each input raster are multiplied by the rasters'
2-35
weights.
5. The resulting cell values are added together to produce the output
raster.
Evaluation scale
For example, when we consider the top left cell on above picture the values
for the two inputs become (2 * 0.25) = 0.5 and (8 * 0.75) = 6. The sum of 0.5
and 6 is 6.5. Because the output raster from Weighted Overlay is integer,
the final value is rounded to 7.
“Weighted Overlay” tool is to perform weighted overlay analysis based on

several raster data we want to evaluate. “Weighted Overlay” is opened
from Arc Tool Box->Spatial Analyst Tools->Overlay-.We set some
information as below.
 Add Weighted Overlay Layer (after we click “+” button)
- Input raster: Slope class, Land cover and Geological data (*.tif)
- Input field: Value
 Weighted overlay table
-% Influence: We should set valid percentages which reach 100%
when we sum those numbers.
(For example, Slope is 40%, Land cover is 20% and Geological
data is 40%.)
 Evaluation scale: Our value is valid if we set our numbers
(From (1), To (4) and By(1)) in the three fields.
 Output raster
- Any name is OK (*.tif)
2-36
1) Click “Add raster row”.
2) Select rater data on “Input raster” and

item on “Input field” we want to analyze.
3) Repeat 1) and 2) until we entry all raster

data.
6) Set “% Influence”.
5) Set “Scale Value” as value

of evaluation scale.
4) Set “Evaluation scale” as

range of evaluation scale.
7) Set folder and name of output
raster we want to save.
8) Click “OK”.
If your operation is successful, you can see final data which we could get
due to the integration of input raster data on display.
2-37
2. Create database
2.1 Geo database
In making the master plan of water resources using GIS, we use a lot of
information such as DEM, topography, slope, soil, land cover and so on.
We had better use database function in order to make the master plan
efficiently by store these data in one place.
Full name is ESRI ArcGeoDB (From here GeoDB). GeoDB implements a

data model that extends the georelational data model that is the basis for
the ESRI ArcInfo Coverage data format. The GeoDB data model serves as
the common data storage and management frame work for all ArcGIS
software. The data model supports a rich collection of objects (rows in a
database table) and features (objects with geometry). It also supports
advanced feature types. Vector features can have two, three or four
dimensions (x, y, z and m). Users can define topological and associational
relationships and rules that define how feature classes interact.
Included in the GeoDB model is a storage mechanism for spatial and

attribute data that contains specific storage structures for features,
collections of features, attributes, relationships between attributes, and
relationships between features. The GeoDB has two major concepts: first,
a physical store of geographic information inside a relational database
management system (DBMS); secondly, a data model that supports
objects with attributes and behavior, and transactional views of the
database including versioning. Behavior describes how an object or
feature can be edited and displayed. Behavior includes, but is not limited
to relationships, validation rules, subtypes, and default values. With
associated behaviors, data entry is regulated more efficiently, and data
contamination issues can be avoided.
The DBMS for a GeoDB is implemented using the user’s choice of a

commercial off-the-shelf database management system that stores all
spatial data (vector, raster, address, measures, CAD, etc.) in multiple
formats including:
 Simple features such as a point, a polyline and a polygon

 Attribute data such as table data
 Metadata
2-38
 Images such as aerial and satellite data

 Raster/Grid data such as DEM data
 CAD data
The GeoDB schema includes the definitions, integrity rules, and behavior
for these and for extended capabilities. These include properties for
coordinate systems, coordinate resolution, features classes, topologies,
networks, raster catalogs, relationships, domains, and so forth. This
schema information is persisted in a collection of GeoDBmeta tables in
the DBMS. These tables define the integrity and behavior of the
geographic information.
The GeoDB data model is expressed in three different GeoDB types: file
GeoDBs, personal GeoDBs, and spatial database engine (ArcSDE)
GeoDBs. The three expressions allow progressively more capability for
basic and advanced spatial analysis. GeoDB_File
 File GeoDBs are stored as folders in a file system.

 Personal GeoDBs have all datasets stored within a Microsoft
Access data file that is limited in size to 2 GB, and tied to the
Windows operating system.
 ArcSDE GeoDBs are stored in a relational database using Oracle,
Microsoft SQL Server and so on.
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2.2 Dataset
The primary mechanism used in a GeoDB to organize and use geographic
information in ArcGIS is the dataset. Three primary dataset types are
used below.
 Feature classes
 Raster datasets
 Attribute tables
Creating a collection of these dataset types is the 1st step in designing and
building a GeoDB. Users typically start building a number of these
fundamental dataset types. They then add to or extend their GeoDB with
more advanced capabilities (such as adding topologies, networks, or
subtypes) to model GIS behavior, maintain data integrity and work with a
set of spatial relationships.
The GeoDB data model allows us to take advantages of both basic and
advanced spatial analysis when GIS data is stored within the GeoDB.
Complex business logic can be applied to GIS data to create more detailed
and accurate spatial data models that represent real-world GIS
application workflows.
By storing feature classes within a feature dataset, geospatial

relationships can be modeled among the feature classes, enabling more
advanced GIS analysis. The more common types of geospatial
relationship data structures in the GeoDB are:
 Topology
 Geometric Networks
 Network Dataset
 Terrain
 Cadastral Fabric
2-40
2.3 Create database

Although there are three GeoDB types as above, we select File GeoDB.
ArcSDE GeoDB have the advantage that many users can use and edit the
files in the GeoDB at the same time, but we need ArcInfo lisence. Besides,
File GeoDB and Personal GeoDB need only ArcView lisence, and Esri
generally recommend to use File GeoDB in terms of scalability of size,
high speed performance, cross platform function and so on. We select File
GeoDB due to the reason mentioned above.
1) Right click on the folder we

want to save on ArcCatalog.
2) Select “New”.
3) Select
“File Geodatabase”.
2-41
2-42
2.4 Create dataset

ArcGIS has some kinds of dataset in the database. When we use vector
format, we can use “Feature Dataset” and “Feature Class”, but we use
“Feature Dataset” this time. On the other hand, when we use raster
format, we can use “Raster Catalog”, “Raster Dataset” and “Mosaic
Dataset.” But note that we can use “Mosaic Dataset” only when we have
ArcInfo license. We use “Raster Catalog” and “Raster Dataset.”
When we use attribute information, we can use “Table.”
2.4.1 Create Feature Dataset

When we create feature dataset, but we recommend to use “Create
Feature Dataset” function because we can create dataset at a time. We
have to try the same operation three times, or we can copy original
database if you want the same type of dataset in the view of projection.
If we finish our operation successfully, we can see the three Datasets in
the GeoDB below. “Create Feature Dataset” is opened from Arc Tool
Box->Data Management Tools->Workspace.
 Feature Dataset Location

Target Geodatabase
(“Bureau.gdb”,
“ZoneName.gdb” or
“WatershedName.gdb”,etc)
 Feature Dataset Name
- Point Dataset
- Polyline Dataset
- Polygon Dataset
 Coordinate System (optional)
Adindan_UTM_Zone_37N
2-43
2.4.2 Create Raster Catalog

We often use this function to create dataset for many rasters. “Create
Raster Catalog” function is selected from Arc Tool Box->Data
Management Tools ->Raster->Raster Catalog-.
 Output Location
Target Geodatabase
(“Bureau.gdb”, “ZoneName.gdb” or
“WatershedName.gdb”, etc)
 Raster Catalog Name
- Topographical Map Dataset
- Satellite Imagery Dataset
- DEM Dataset etc
 Coordinate System for Raster Column
(optional)
 Coordinate System for Geometry Column
(optional)
(*this is automatically filled with the above)
2-44
2.4.3 Create Raster Dataset

We introduce how to create Raster dataset.
• When we create a raster dataset, we are creating an empty location to
contain a single raster dataset. We can then mosaic or load raster
datasets into this location.
• We can save our output to BIL, BIP, BMP, BSQ, DAT, GIF, GRID, IMG,
JPEG, JPEG 2000, PNG, TIFF, or any GeoDB raster dataset.
 Output Location
Target Geodatabase
(“Bureau.gdb”, “ZoneName.gdb”
or “WatershedName.gdb”, etc)
 Raster Catalog Name
Any name is OK
 Number of Bands
If raster data which you are going
to load is single band, set 1 or
raster data are multi bands, set
applicable number.
2.5 Import data to GeoDB

2.5.1 Load Raster data
After creation of raster and vector Datasets, we can load GIS data into
database. For example, we can select some GIS data below.
 DEM data, Slope data (*.tif)
 Land Cover data (*.tif)
 Geological map (*.tif)
2-45
After loading GIS raster data, we load data related with DEM into “DEM
data set.”
And then, we load data related with Land Cover into “Satellite Dataset”
and with Soil map data into “Map Dataset” likewise.
2.5.2 Load Vector data

Finally, we can load some GIS data into database. There are 2 types of
methods to load vector data, but here we introduce “Feature Class to
GeoDB (multiple)” function.
We can select plural GIS data to load them with the database with
ArcCatalog. “Feature Class to GeoDB (multiple)” function is opened
from Arc Tool Box->Conversion Tools->To Geodatabase-.
2-46
<Polygon>
If we finish this operation successfully, we can see the results after a

while on display below.
 Input Features
Target features which have
the same type
(Polygon)
*we can see the plural files
which we want to load in the
database
 Output Geodatabase
Set “Polygon Dataset” if you
select polygon
<Polyline>
2-47
 Input Features
Target features which have the
same type
(Polyline)
*we can see the plural files
which we want to load in the
database
 Output Geodatabase
Set “Polyline Dataset” if you
select polyline data
<Point>
 Input Features
Target features which have the
same type
(Point)
*we can see the plural files which
we want to load in the database
 Output Geo database
Set “Point Dataset” if you select
point data
2-48
Appendix
<DEM>
Oromia is one of the nine ethnically-based regions of Ethiopia is covering
284,538 square kilometers. When we display vector maps in the Oromia
Region and grids, we check the number of cells which Oromia Region
needs and Lat/Lon information. (This number is 48. The upper latitude
11N is and the bottom latitude is 3N. Left longitude is 34E and right
longitude is 44E.) If necessary, please refer to this homepage:
http://www.jspacesystems.or.jp/ersdac/GDEM/E/index.html
, by ASTER GDEM Project.
And then we uncompress applicable DEM data with software.
2-49
After that, we need to change Geocoding coordinate system (GCS Adindan)

into projected coordinate system with “Project Raster” function regarding
with DEM data you want to use. To select a new projection (UTM), we should
select Arc Tool Box-> Data Management Tools-> Raster-> Projections and
Transformations-> Project Raster-. Output Coordinate System can be
selected by the button located in right side of column and Adindan UTM
Zone 37N.prj can be opened from Spatial Reference
Projection->Select->Projected Coordinate System->UTM->Africa->”Adindan
UTM Zone 37N.prj” file.
• Input Raster
Prepared DEM Data
• Output Raster Dataset
Folder and File name for output
raster
• Output Coordinate System
Adindan UTM Zone 37N.prj
• Geographic Transportation
(optional)
Adindan_to_WGS_1984_1 or
Adindan_to_WGS_1984_4
2-50
After we change the projection, we recommend to display one of the DEM

data.
Before preprocessing (left) and After preprocessing (right)
Degree WGS84 (left) and UTM Zone37N Adindan (right)
After that, we integrate DEM cell data into one big data with “Mosaic to New
Raster” function. When we handle satellite imagery and topographical maps,
we have to pay attention to data size before we use this mosaic function.
“Mosaic to New Raster” function is opened from Arc Tool Box->Data
Management Tool->Raster->Raster Dataset.
• Input Rasters
All preprocessed DEM data (*.tif)
• Output Location
Folder you want to save mosaic
file
• Raster Dataset Name with
Extension
Any name is OK (*.tif)
• Pixel Type (option)
16_BIT_SIGNED
• Number of Bands
1
2-51
<Topographical Map>
A cell on a topographical map is one-16th of latitude 1 degree and longitude
1 degree. The numbers of a row on the figure below mean longitude, and the
numbers of a line on the figure below mean latitude.
After this operation, if we need to extract these topographical maps each

zone, woreda and kebele, we can operate as follows.
1. Mosaic topographical maps with Geographic coordinating system
covering a target boundary by “Mosaic to New Raster” function
2. Transform Geographic coordinating system (GCS Adindan) into
Projected coordinating system (Adindan UTM Zone37N) by “Project
Raster” function
2-52
3. Extract a transformed topographic map each boundary by “Extract by

Mask” function
4. Reduce the size of an extracted topographic map file each boundary
with “Resample” function if a size of topographic map is very large.
2-53
<Land Cover data>

We can get free data of land cover by using internet and use it as reference
for making the master plan of water resources. The procedure is as
follows.
1. Get land cover data

First, we have to download land cover data for the African continent.
Please access the USGS homepage with below URL through the Internet.
(http://landcover.usgs.gov/glcc/download.php)
And then, click the button written “Global Land Cover 2000.”
After that, we move on to the European Commission homepage written by
below URL automatically.
(http://bioval.jrc.ec.europa.eu/products/glc2000/products.php)
We should find Africa column with “Africa_v5” and select the “ESRI” menu
with ESRI format on the left button surrounded by red circle.
2-54
You see the dialog box to register our Name, Email and Organization, so if
we put our information, check ON and click Submit, you can download
the data. According to the Data Reference, there is a description about
this African data:
“The Land Cover Map for Africa in the Year 2000. P. Mayaux, E.
Bartholom, A. Cabral, M. Cherlet, P. Defourny, A. Di Gregorio, O. Diallo,
M. Massart, A. Nonguierma, J.-F. Pekel, C. Pretorius, C. Vancutsem, M.
Vasconcelos. GLC2000 database, European Commision Joint Research
Centre, 2003. http://www-gem.jrc.it/glc2000.”
2. Preprocess the data

After download the data, you need to uncompress the zip data. Before this
operation, you need to download the compress/uncompress software. If
our operation is successful, you can see some files in the new folder
named “Grid” with ArcCatalog.
We display uncompressed file with ArcGIS to check the projection and

attribution table.
2-55
You can check the projection with “Open Attribute Table” and attribution
table with Properties. Consequently, we can find information like Value,
Count and Classnames in the table and the projection with Degree.
2-56
3. Convert into TIFF format

And then, we should convert Grid format into TIFF format. To do that, we
can select “Export Data” below.
And then, we put some information surrounded by red circles and click
“Save”.
If our operation is successful, we can see the TIFF file which we made
below.
4. Change the projection into UTM projection

Remember that the TIFF file has just Degree Unit. We have to convert
Degree projection into UTM projection first. Don’t forget this operation! We
use “Projection Raster” function below.
If our operation is successful, we can see another TIFF file which we
2-57
changed projection below.

To reduce the file size, we extract this TIFF file with the Oromia Region
boundary and name the extracted file “CutOromiya_utm37n.tif.”
<Convert vector Geological map into raster>

We can see the vector Geological map data from Geological Survey of
Ethiopia below.
2-58
We need to change Vector geological data into Raster geological data with
“Soil Code.”
To do that, we have to use with “Polygon to Raster” function.
 Input Features: “Soil_polygon.shp”
 Value field: “SOIL_CODE“
 Output Raster Dataset: “GeologicalMap.tif”
 Cellsize (optional): 250 (is the smallest value)
If your operation is successful, you can see new data on display below.
2-59
<Model Builder>
If we have to act the same operation repeatedly, we want to operate only
once. To realize the batch operation with ArcGIS, we can use “Model
Builder” function. But we don’t introduce how to use this function this
time. We recommend to remember some operations each chapter.
“ModelBuilder” is an application you use to create, edit, and manage

models. Models are workflows that string together sequences of
geoprocessing tools, feeding the output of one tool into another tool as
input. “ModelBuilder” can also be thought of as a visual programming
language for building workflows.
2-60
< Python>
Python is a free, cross-platform, open-source programming language that
is both powerful and easy to learn. It is widely used and supported
because it is better to handle with functions.
If we open Python window, we can see the Python window below.
And then, if only we push the Return key, we can get the result and see
the new file which has converted value. To use Python, we don’t need to
set the environments. We just make simple programs and copy and paste
it to the Python window below. First, we make a program with text editor
attaching to Windows below.
Initial three sentences are common to call Python functions. First, we

should set “Spatial” as Spatial Analyst extension to use Con function.
Second, we set input the folder in the workspace argument and file name
in the Raster argument. And then, we set if sentences with Con function.
Finally, we set output file in the Save argument.
If we finish creating a program, we open the Python window. We copy all

the description and paste it on the Python window. We push the return
key.
If that operation is successful, we check the results in the folder which we

set as an output folder.
2-61
<Functions in ArcToolbox>
We introduce about 30 functions we use in this training in ArcToolbox
below.
Table: Functions which we used in this training
No Tool Name Toolbox Name Toolset Name
1 Append Data Management Tools General -
2 Build Raster Attribute Table Data Management Tools Raster Raster Properties
3 Calculate Areas Spatial Statistics Tools Utilities -
Clip Raster Tools Raster Raster

4
Procession
5 Con Spatial Analyst Tools Conditional -
6 Dissolve * Coverage Tools Data Management Generalization
7 Eliminate * Coverage Tools Data Management Generalization
8 Erase * Analyst Tools Overlay -
9 Extract by Attributes Spatial Analyst Tools Extraction -
10 Extract by Circle Spatial Analyst Tools Extraction -
11 Extract by Mask Spatial Analyst Tools Extraction -
12 Extract by Points Spatial Analyst Tools Extraction -
13 Extract by Polygon Spatial Analyst Tools Extraction -
14 Exract by Rectangle Spatial Analyst Tools Extraction -
15 Fill Spatial Analyst Tools Hydrology -
16 Flow Accumulation Spatial Analyst Tools Hydrology -
17 Flow Direction Spatial Analyst Tools Hydrology
18 Intersect Analysis Tools Overlay -
19 Merge Data Management Tools General -
20 Mosaic To New Raster Data Management Tools Raster Raster Dataset
21 Project Raster Raster Tools Transformation -
Project Data Management Tools Projections and Feature

22
Transformations
23 Raster to Polygon Raster Tools Conversion -
24 Raster to Polyline Raster Tools Conversion -
25 Slope Spatial Analyst Tools Surface -
26 Stream Link Spatial Analyst Tools Hydrology -
27 Union Analyst Tools Overlay -
28 Watershed Spatial Analyst Tools Hydrology -
29 Zonal Geometry Spatial Analyst Tools Zonal -
30 Zonal Geometry as Table Spatial Analyst Tools Zonal -
2-62
List of Authors

Name of Guidelines and Manuals Name Field Affiliation
Ministry of
Water resources
Mr. Nobuhiko Suzuki Agriculture, Forestry
Guideline for Irrigation Master planning
and Fisheries
Plan Study Preparation
on Surface Water Resources
Mr. Roba Muhyedin Irrigation Engineer OIDA Head Office
LANDTEC JAPAN,
Manual for Runoff Analysis Mr. Yasukazu Kobayashi Runoff Analysis
Inc.
Manual of GIS for ArcGIS KOKUSAI KOGYO

Mr. Ron Nagai GIS Application
(Basic & Advanced Section) CO., LTD.
Manual on Land Use Classification KOKUSAI KOGYO

Mr. Kazutoshi Masuda Remote Sensing
Analysis Using Remote Sensing CO., LTD.
Guidance for Oromia Irrigation Facility Ministry of
Development Project Mr. Kenjiro Futagami Design/Construction Agriculture, Forestry
Implementation Supervision and Fisheries
Study and Design Technical Facility Design/ Ministry of
Guideline for Irrigation Projects Mr. Naoto Takano Construction Agriculture, Forestry
(Irrigaiton Engineering Part) Supervision and Fisheries
(Socio-Economy, Community,
Financial and Economic analysis Mr. Tafesse Andargie Economist OIDA Head Office
Part)
(Agronomy and Soil Part) Mr. Abdeta Nate'a Agronomist OIDA Head Office
Technical Guideline for Sanyu Consultants

Mr. Motohisa Wakatsuki Head works design
Design of Headworks Inc.
Project
Technical Guideline for Small Sanyu Consultants
Mr. Haruo Hiki Management/
Scale Reservoir Inc.
Planning/Reservoir
Facility Design/ Ministry of
Technical Guideline for Irrigation
Mr. Naoto Takano Construction Agriculture, Forestry
Canal and Related Structures
Supervision and Fisheries
Construction
Construction Control Manual Mr. Yoshiaki Otsubo Supervision (Bura Tokura Corporation
SSSIP)
Guidance for Preparation of Facility Ministry of
Operation and Maintenance Mr. Kenjiro Futagami Design/Construction Agriculture, Forestry
Manual Supervision and Fisheries
Irrigation Water Users Association
Formation and Development Mr. Tafesse Andargie Economist OIDA Head Office
Manual
Strengthening of
Mr. Yasushi Osato Nippon Koei Co.
Strengthening Irrigation Water WUA
Users Association (IWUA)
Guideline
Mr. Tafesse Andargie Economist OIDA Head Office
Small Scale Irrigation Water

Management Guideline Mr. Yohannes Geleta Irrigation Engineer OIDA Head Office
(Irrigation Water Supply Part)
(Field Irrigation Water
Mr. Abdeta Nate'a Agronomist OIDA Head Office
Management Part)
Remarks: Affiliation is shown when he work for CBID project.
1
List of Experts who contributed to revise guidelines and manuals (1/5)

Office Name Specialty
OIDA Head office Mr. Abdeta Nate'a Agronomist
OIDA Head office Mr. Kibrom Driba Irrigation Engineer
OIDA Head office Mr. Kurabachew Shewawerk Agronomist
OIDA Head office Mr. Lemma Adane Irrigation Engineer
OIDA Head office Mr. Roba Muhyedin Irrigation Engineer
OIDA Head office Mr. Shemeles Tefera Agronomist
OIDA Head office Ms. Sintayehu Getahun Irrigation Engineer
OIDA Head office Mr. Tafesse Andargie Economist
OIDA Head office Mr. Tafesse Tsegaye Irrigation Engineer
OIDA Head office Mr. Tatek Worku Irrigation Engineer
OIDA Head office Mr. Teferi Dhaba Irrigation Engineer
OIDA Head office Mr. Terfasa Fite Irrigation Engineer
OIDA Head office Mr. Tesfaye Deribe Irrigation Engineer
OIDA Head office Mr. Yohannes Dessalegn Economist

OIDA Head office Mr. Yohannes Geleta Irrigation Engineer
OWMEB Mr. Girma Etana Irrigation Engineer
OWMEB Mr. Kedir Lole Irrigation Engineer
Arsi Mr .Dedefi Ediso Agronomist
Arsi Mr. Birhanu Mussie Irrigation Engineer
Arsi Mr. Dinberu Abera Sociologist
Arsi Mr. Hussen Beriso Economist
Arsi Mr. Mulat Teshome Surveyor
Arsi Mr. Segni Bilisa Agronomist
Arsi Mr. Shewngezew Legesse Irrigation Engineer
2

Arsi Mr. Tamerwold Elias Irrigation Engineer

Arsi Mr. Tesfaye Gudisa Irrigation engineer
Arsi Mr. Teshome Eda'e Irrigation Engineer
Arsi Ms. Worknesh Kine Geologist
Bale Mr. Abboma Terresa Irrigation Engineer
Bale Mr. Abdulreshed Namo Irrigation Engineer
Bale Mr. Beyan Ahmed Economist
Bale Mr. Diriba Beyene Irrigation Engineer
Bale Mr. Firew Demeke Teferi Irrigation engineer
Bale Mr. Gosa Taye Debela Irrigation engineer
Bale Mr. Zeleke Agonafir Agronomist
Borena Mr. Dida Sola Irrigation Engineer
East Harerge Mr. Abdi Abdulkedar Irrigation Engineer
East Harerge Mr. Elias Abdi Irrigation Engineer
East Harerge Mr. Shemsedin kelil Irrigation Engineer
East Harerge Ms. Eskedar Mulatu Economist
East Shewa Mr. Andaregie Senbeta Economist
East Shewa Mr. Bekele Gebre Irrigation Engineer
East Shewa Mr. Dilibi ShekAli Sociologist
East Shewa Mr. Ejara Tola Agronomist
East Shewa Mr. Girma Niguse Irrigation Engineer
East Shewa Mr. Kebebew Legesse Irrigation Engineer
East Shewa Mr. Mulatu Wubishet Agronomist
East Shewa Mr. Tadesse Mekuria Agronomist
3

East Shewa Ms. Tigist Amare Irrigation Engineer

East Shewa Mr. Zerfu Seifu Irrigation Engineer
East Welega Mr. Benti Abose Economist
East Welega Mr. Birhanu Yadete Agronomist
East Welega Mr. Dasalegn Tesema Economist
East Welega Mr. Gamachis Asefa Irrigation Engineer
East Welega Mr. Getachew Irena Agronomist
East Welega Mr. Kidane Fekadu Irrigation Engineer
East Welega Mr. Milikesa Workeneh Irrigation Engineer
East Welega Ms. Mulunesh Bekele Irrigation Engineer
East Welega Mr. Samson Abdu Irrigation Engineer
East Welega Mr. Tulam Admasu Irrigation Engineer
East Welega Ms. Yeshimebet Bule Economist
Guji Mr. Abadir Sultan Sociology
Guji Mr. Dawud Menza Irrigation Engineer
Guji Mr. Fikadu Mekonin Geologist
Guji Mr. Megersa Ensermu Irrigation Engineer
Guji Mr. Wandesen Bakale Economist
Horoguduru Welega Mr. Seleshi Terfe Economist
Horoguduru Welega Mr. Temesgen Mekonnen Irrigation Engineer
Horoguduru Welega Mr. Tesfaye Chimdessa Economist
Illubabor Mr. Ahmed Sani Irrigation Engineer
Jimma Mr. Lebeta Adera Irrigation Engineer
Kelem Welega Mr. Ayana Fikadu Agronomist
4

Kelem Welega Mr. Megarsa Kumara Hydrologist

Kelem Welega Mr. Oda Teshome Economist
Northe Shewa Mr. Henok Girma Irrigation Engineer
South West Shewa Mr. Bedasa Tadele Irrigation Engineer
South West Shewa Mr. Gemechu Getachew Irrigation Engineer
West Arsi Mr. Abebe Gela Irrigation Engineer
West Arsi Mr. Demissie Gnorie Irrigation Engineer
West Arsi Mr. Feyisa Guye Irrigation Engineer
West Arsi Mr. Hashim Hussen Economist
West Arsi Mr. Jemal Jeldo Economist
West Arsi Mr. Mekonnen Merga Environmentalist
West Arsi Mr. Mohamedsafi Edris Irrigation Engineer
West Arsi Mr. Molla Lemesa Agronomist
West Arsi Mr. Tamene Kena Sociologist
West Arsi Mr. Tibaho Gobena Irrigation Engineer
West Harerge Mr. Alemayehu Daniel Agronomist
West Harerge Mr. Dereje Kefyalew Irrigation Engineer
West Harerge Mr. Ferid Hussen Irrigation Engineer
West Harerge Mr. Nuredin Adem Irrigation Engineer
West Harerge Mr. Seifu Gizaw Economist
West Shewa Mr. Jergna Dorsisa Irrigation Engineer
West Shewa Mr. Solomon Mengistu Agronomist
West Shewa Mr. Zerhun Abiyu Irrigation Engineer
West Welega Mr. Belaye kebede Irrigation Engineer
5

West Welega Mr. Busa Degefe Economist

West Welega Mr. Temesgen Runda Irrigation Engineer
Ministry of Agriculture Mr. Amerga Kearsie Irrigation Engineer
Ministry of Agriculture Mr. Zegeye Kassahun Agronomist
Amhara Agriculture
Mr. Assefa Zeleke Economist
Bureau
OWWDSE Mr. Damtew Adefris Irrigation Engineer
OWWDSE Mr. Demelash Mulu Irrigation Engineer
OWWDSE Mr. Teshoma Wondemu Irrigation Engineer
Latinsa SC. Mr. Aschalew Deme Irrigation Engineer
Latinsa SC. Mr. Daba Feyisa Agronomist
Metaferia Consulting
Mr. Getu Getoraw Irrigation Engineer
Engineers
Mr. Hassen Bahru Sociologist
Engineers
Ms. Nitsuh Seifu Irrigation Engineer
Engineers
Remarks: Office Name is shown when he/she works for CBID project.
6
List of Editors
Name of Guidelines and Manuals Name Field Affiliation
 Guideline for Irrigation Master Lecturer in Arba

Mr. Ermias Alemu Demissie Irrigation Engineer
Plan Study Preparation on Minch University
Surface Water Resources Lecturer in Arba
Mr. Zerihun Anbesa Hydrologist
Minch University
 Technical Guideline for Lecturer in Arba
Mr. Ermias Alemu Demissie Irrigation Engineer
Design of Headworks Minch University
 Technical Guideline for Hydraulic
Irrigation Canal and Related Lecturer in Arba
Mr. Bereket Bezabih Engineer
Structures Minch University
(Geo technical)
Construction
LANDTEC JAPAN,
 Construction Control Manual Mr. Eiji Takemori Supervision (Hirna
Inc.
SSIP)
Construction
Supervision Sanyu Consultants
 Construction Control Manual Dr. Hiroaki Okada
(Sokido/Saraweba Inc.
SSIP)
Construction
Independent
 Construction Control Manual Mr. Shinsuke Kubo Supervision
Consulting Engineer
(Shaya SSIP)
 Technical Guideline for Chief JIID (The Japanese
Design of Headworks Mr. Toru Ikeuchi Advisor/Irrigation Institute of Irrigation
 Construction Control Manual Technology and Drainage)
 Technical Guideline for Facility Ministry of
Design of Headworks Mr. Kenjiro Futagami Design/Constructi Agriculture, Forestry
 Construction Control Manual on Supervision and Fisheries
Chief Ministry of
 All Guidelines and Manuals Mr. Hiromu Uno Advisor/Irrigation Agriculture, Forestry
Technology and Fisheries
 Manual for Runoff Analysis
 Manual of GIS for ArcGIS
Ministry of
(Basic & Advanced Section) Water resources
Mr. Nobuhiko Suzuki Agriculture, Forestry
 Manual on Land Use planning
and Fisheries
Classification Analysis Using
Remote Sensing
 Guidance for Oromia
Irrigation Development
Project Implementation
 Study and Design Technical
Guideline for Irrigation
Projects
 Technical Guideline for
Design of Headworks
 Technical Guideline for Small
Scale Reservoir
Facility Design/ Ministry of
 Construction Control Manual
Mr. Naoto Takano Construction Agriculture, Forestry
 Guidance for Preparation of Supervision and Fisheries
Operation and Maintenance
Manual
 Irrigation Water Users
Association Formation and
Development Manual
 Strengthening Irrigation Water
Users Association (IWUA)
Guideline
 Small Scale Irrigation Water
Management Guideline
7
List of Coordinators

Name Field Affiliation
Mr. Ryosuke Ito Coordinator/Training Independent
Mr. Tadashi Kikuchi Coordinator/Training Regional Planning International Co.
8
Contact Person
Mr. Yohannes Geleta (Irrigation Engineer; Environmentalist)

(Tel: 0911-981665, E-mail: yohketi@gmail.com)
Mr. Tafesse Andargie (Economist)

(Tel: 0911-718671, E-mail:andargietafesse@yahoo.com)
Mr. Abdeta Nate'a (Agronomist)

(Tel: 0912-230407, E-mail: abdetanatea@yahoo.com)
Oromia Irrigation Development Authority (OIDA)

Tel: 011-1262245
C/O JICA Ethiopia Office

Mina Building, 6th & 7th Floor,
P.O.Box 5384, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Tel : (251)-11-5504755
Fax: (251)-11-5504465

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Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA)

Oromia Irrigation Development Authority (OIDA)

Manual of GIS for ArcGIS

The Project for Capacity Building in Irrigation Development (CBID)

1. Analysis with GIS data ................................................................................ 2-1

2. Create database ........................................................................................ 2-38

Appendix ........................................................................................................ 2-49

1. Analysis with GIS data

And then, we follow these three operations.

Another is to restructure geological information into new class value

1.2 Create Basins along rivers

1.2.2 Create Flow Direction with DEM

1.2.3 Create Flow Accumulation

• Input flow direction raster

After this operation, we must check whether this attribute table is

After creation of Attribute Table, we use “Con” function. Flow

 Input conditional raster

1.2.4 Create Stream Link

• Input stream raster

1.2.5 Create investigation points on the Stream Links

We show how to take points below.

In case of appearance of new shapefile

In case of not appearance of new shapefile

Click “Organize Templates”.

Click “New Template”.

After that, we put the point on Stream Link. We click “Point” on

Editing”. If only we set the above snapping condition is available, we can

2) Put the point on Stream Link data.

4) Click “Stop Editing”.

5) Select “Save Edits”.

We can change size, shape and color of the symbol by double-click on

Double click on symbol

When we take planning points, we have to take care of the differences

 Stream Link created with DEM like ASTER

1.2.6 Create Basins along rivers

selected from Arc Tool Box->Spatial Analyst Tools->Hydrology-.

We finally convert raster data into polygon data by “Raster to Polygon”

• Input stream raster

Watersheds of adjacent two

Target rivers Stream Link data

Point on stream link for

Green line and blue line

Point on stream link for

Yellow line represent boundary of

Left river watershed is area

If we need to join some watersheds, we can use “Merge” function from

Besides, if we want to erase duplicate watershed when we lap several

2) Click “Editor” on Editor

3) Click “Edit Tool” on Editor

4) Click “Cut Polygons Tool”.

6) Trace along the line we want

7) Uncheck the check box The watershed is split by

10) Select “Stop Editing”.

9) Click “Save Edits”.

1.2.7 Create Thiessen Polygon

We can create Thiessen polygon with some rain gauge stations by

First, we create connected line among each meteorological station.

1) Right click in the folder we

4) Set name of file.

5) Change to “Polyline” 7) Click “Select”.

8) Select “Projected 10) Click “OK” on

Regarding with 3. and 4.

In case of appearance of new shape file