Professional Documents
Culture Documents
SUBJECT CODE: 01
TIME ALLOWED: 2 HOURS
GENERAL DIRECTIONS
PLEASE MARK SURE THET YOU HAVE WRITTEN ALL THE REQUIRED
INFORMATION ON THE ANSWER SHEET BEFORE YOU START TO
WORK ON THE EXAMINATION.
DO NOT TURN THIS PAGE OVER UNTIL YOU ARE TOLD TO DO SO.
DIRECTIONS: The following words are not in the proper order. When put in the right
order, they make correct English sentences. From the given alternatives, choose the one
that is correct and blacken the letter of your choice on the separate answer sheet provided.
DIRECTIONS: When put in the correct order, sentences in question 6-9 make up a
complete paragraph. From alternatives A-D given in each case, choose the letter that
contains the correct order sentences and blacken the letter of your choice in the answer
sheet provided.
6. a. Salt in some countries has remained fixed.
b. Due to value service is reportedly shortened.
c. That left many things disorderly and nasty.
d. What is more, the organization seems to lack successful management.
e. However, it is decreasing at the same time as markets are in crash.
A. A, B, D, E, C C. A, E, B, D, C
B. A, B, C, D, E D. A, C, B, D, E
7. a. Besides, there aren‟t as such any spaces for regeneration.
b. This means you will have to tolerate body hardship.
c. Primarily, it is often difficult to get a job that suits you.
d. Living in the country side has a number of difficulties.
e. You also have walked to get everyplace, even long distance.
A. D, B, E, C, A C. D, C, A, E, B
B. A, D, E, B, C D. A, D, B, C, E
8. a. One lives 0ut of home the so called wild animals.
b. We used them for food and tourism.
c. They have eaten both plants and animals.
d. Animals have been living in two areas.
e. The other is home animals which live in home.
A. D, A, C, E, B C. D, A, C, B, E
B. D, A, B, E, C D. C, A, B, E, D
DIRECTIONS: Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions 10-22
according to the information there in. Each question has four choices, A-D. Choose the best
alternative and blacken the letter of your choice in the separate answer sheet provided.
Passage 1
Medical waste has been a growing concern because of recent incidents of public exposure to
discarded blood vials, needles (sharps), empty prescription bottles, and syringes. Medical waste
can typically include general refuse, human blood and blood products, cultures and stocks of
infectious agents, laboratory animal carcasses, contaminated bedding material, and pathological
wastes.
Wastes are generally collected by gravity chutes, carts, or pneumatic tubes, each of which has its
own advantages and disadvantages. Chutes are limited to vertical transport, and there is some
risk of exhausting contaminants into hallways if a door is left open during use. Another
disadvantage of them is that the waste container may get jammed while dropping or it may be
broken upon hitting the bottom. Carts are primarily for horizontal transport of bagged or
containerized wastes. The main risk here is that bags may be broken or torn during transport,
potentially exposing the worker to the wastes. Using automated carts can reduce the potential for
exposure. Pneumatic tubes offer the best performance for waste transport in a large facility.
Advantages include high-speed movement, movement in any direction, and minimal
intermediate storage of untreated wastes. However, some objects cannot be conveyed
pneumatically.
Off-site disposal of regulated medical wastes remains a viable option for smaller hospitals (those
with less than 150 beds). Some preliminary on-site processing, such as compaction or hydro
pulping, may be necessary prior to sending the waste off site. Compaction reduces the total
volume of solid wastes, often reducing transportation and disposal costs, but it does not change
the hazardous characteristics of the waste. Compaction may not be economical if transportation
and disposal costs are based on weight rather than volume.
Hydro pulping involves grinding the waste in the presence of an oxidizing fluid, such as
hypochlorite solution. The liquid is separated from the pulp and discharged directly into the
sewer unless local limits require additional pretreatment prior to discharge. The pulp can often be
disposed of at a landfill. One advantage is that waste can be rendered innocuous and reduced in
size within the same system. Disadvantages are the added operating burden, difficulty of
controlling fugitive emissions, and the difficulty of conducting microbiological tests to determine
whether all organic matters and infectious organisms have been destroyed from the waste.
On-site disposal is a feasible alternative for hospitals generating two tons or more per day of total
solid waste. Common treatment techniques include steam sterilization and incineration. Although
other options are available, incineration is currently the preferred method for on-site treatment of
hospital waste.
Steam sterilization is limited in the types of medical waste it can treat, but is appropriate for
laboratory cultures and/or substances contaminated with infectious organisms. The waste is
subjected to steam in a sealed, pressurized chamber. The liquid that may form is drained off to
the sewer or sent for processing. The unit is then reopened after a vapor release to the
atmosphere, and the solid waste is removed for further processing or disposal. One advantage of
steam sterilization is that it has been used for many years in hospitals to sterilize instruments and
containers and to treat small quantities of waste. However, since sterilization does not change the
appearance of the waste, there could be a problem in gaining acceptance of the waste for
landfilling.
A properly designed, maintained, and operated incinerator achieves a relatively high level of
organism destruction. Incineration reduces the weight and volume of the waste as much as 95%
and is especially appropriate for pathological wastes and sharps. The most common incineration
system for medical waste is the controlled-air type. The principal advantage of this type of
incinerator is low particulate emissions. Rotary-kiln and grate-type units have been used, but use
of grate-type units has been discontinued because of high air emissions. The rotary kiln also puts
out high emissions, and the costs have been prohibitive for smaller units.
10. Which of the following organizational schemes is most prevalent in the passage?
A. chronological order C. order by topic
B. comparison-contrast D. hierarchical order
12 According to the passage, which of the following could be safely disposed of in a landfill but
might not be accepted by landfill facilities?
A. hydro-pulped material C. incinerated waste
B. sterilized waste D. laboratory cultures
14. Hospitals can minimize employee contact with dangerous waste by switching from
A. a manual cart to a gravity chute
B. an automated cart to a hydro-pulping machine
C. a gravity chute to a manual cart
D. a manual cart to an automated cart
15. The word exhausting, as it is used in the second paragraph of the passage, nearly means
A. debilitating C. detonating
B. disregarding D. discharging
16. The underlined phrase fugitive emissions in the fourth paragraph most nearly means
A. Contaminants those are extremely toxic.
B. Contaminants that are illegally discharged.
C. Contaminants that escape the disposal process.
D. Contaminants that come from micro-biological testing.
Passage 2
Patriotism
18. What is the most likely meaning of the underlined word pelf, as used in this poem?
A. power C. stealth
B. wealth D. health
20. What does the poem mean that such people will be “Doubly dying” (three lines from the
end)?
A. They will not die alone.
B. They will die physically and also be forgotten.
C. Their death will be painful.
D. They will die, and then rise again.
21. What does the underlined word concentred most likely mean?
A. swirling or curved C. focused on
B. arrogant, proud Dd. looking upward
22. One can infer from this poem that Sir Walter Scott:
A. loved his homeland C. hated war
B. was from Great Britain D. spoke many languages
A. Completion (23-32)
DIRECTIONS: Question 23-32 are incomplete sentences. There are four alternative
words/phrases, A-D, given below each question. Choose the one that best completes each
sentence and blacken the letter of your choice on the separate answer sheet provided.
23. The corner market __________ last week because they didn‟t have many customers.
A. opened again C. closed down
B. shifted down D. worked with
24. While we were discussing the situation with our collaborative, Yotor __________ to give his
opinion aggressively.
A. broke out C. broke into
B. broke in D. broke around
25. We heard Sosina __________ an old mam and she is now under the police custody.
A. ran behind C. ran along
B. ran into D. ran over
27. It is improper for children to talk to adults the way that little youth did. They are _________.
A. unpolite C. dispolite
B. impolite D. nonpolite
28. Unlike many towns Addis Ababa is a pleasant place to live, its people is ________________.
A. friend C. friendly
B. friendship D. friends
29. Dr. Aklilu Lemma was a famous Ethiopian scientist. He ________ the medicine of Bilharzia.
A. invented C. declared
B. created D. discovered
30. Have you gone to the __________ and ask him if they have a pencil? He lost it this weekend.
A. stationery C. stationer
B. station D. stationary
31. They passed all their round competitions of an idol. This will make your families
________________.
A. pleased C. saddened
B. apprehensive D. irritated
32. Naod was _________ when he heard the news of his brother‟s death by extremists.
A. upset C. amazed
B. fascinated D. humiliated
B. Substitution (33-39)
DIRECTIONS: Question 33-39 each has an underlined word or phrase. There are four
alternatives A-D given after each sentence. Choose the best alternatives from the given
distracters that keep the meaning of the given sentence and blacken the letter of your choice on
the separate answer sheet provided.
33. Slavery had been prohibited in many parts of Africa, but it was taken place until 19th century.
A. destroyed C. banned
B. encouraged D. admitted
34. Syria and America have made a disagreement in politics. Due to this, the Government of
United States of American warns Syria halting any economic and technological activities.
A. stopping C. offering
B. holding up D. Providing
35. My trip across the Mediterranean Sea was difficult, but I ___________ a new appreciation
for life from the experience.
A. took out C. backed up
B. saved in D. brought away
36. The Ethiopian Government allowed a curfew to all activities since April 2020 due to Corona
Virus Pandemic.
A. promotion C. opening down
B. restriction D. locking up
39. Mintewab has acted out school rules and regulations. Her action is as an ethical student.
A. performed C. complained
B. obtained D. disturbed
DIRECTIONS: Question 40-70 are incomplete sentences. There are four alternative words or
phrases, A-D, given below each question. Choose the word/phrase that best completes the
sentence and blacken the letter of your choice in the separate answer sheet provided.
40. Abdi said the time he flew a helicopter was the most _________ experience of his life.
A. terrify B. terrifying C. terrified D. terrifyingly
41. Guantanamo is so old _________ in the world. You may ever be locked up if you are found with it.
A. somewhere B. everywhere C. nowhere D. anywhere
42. Momina has been a very old mum she always stay at home to save her children from
COVID-19. Like her you ________ take care of.
A. ought to B. shall C. may D. must
43. I hope they have never come here since the previous summer, _____________?
A. haven‟t they B. didn‟t they C. haven‟t I D. have they
44. Lemlem: Are you committed _____ do well for controlling Corona Virus?
Kitaw: Yes, I‟m.
A. for B. to C. in D. on
45. Egypt and Sudan come to Addis Ababa with their internal secrete _______ make a discussion
with Ethiopia.
A. so as to B. in order to D. in order that D. so that
47. We expect by next year this time, Ethiopia _______ hydroelectric power. The people have
made ready to celebrate it.
A. will generate C. Will have generated
B. generate D. have generated
48. Not only Egypt and Sudan but also other countries have their own initiatives towards Abay
River. However, ______ of them didn‟t have similar plan and resource matter.
A. Both B. All C. Neither D. Each
49. ________ there no draw of confirmation for this input in the passing away of the old woman
in the area, the government officials would have been so serious about keeping him in
custody.
A. Have B. Had C. Had had D. Will have
50. Obang loves her truly. He always looks ______ of her eyes movement lovely.
A. every B. each C. all D. either
51. None of the campus students I taught last week ______ yet.
A. have arrived B. arrived C. will arrive D. had arrived
52. Ethiopians must be c0me together in order to win over. As we know the more united we are,
___________ we are.
A. the more B. the better C. the winner D. the most
53. Unlike Ethiopian, Western countries are too materialistic, and not _______________ enough.
A. spiritualist C. spiritual
B. spiritualism D. spirituality
54. Many students felt asleep. They have ___________ attention to education and their teachers
are not interested in.
A. little B. few C. a little D. very few
55. The young boys are late school today. They _________ a school bus.
A. must have left out C. may not leave out
B. can‟t leave out D. might not have left out
56. If any wrong thing comes with this plan, ________ held responsible.
A. would you have been C. would you have
B. would you be D. will you be
57. I‟m sorry. I didn‟t understand what you said. Would you mind ________ it again to me?
A. explaining C. explained
B. to explain D. to explaining
58. The police said that last night‟s fire in the hotel _________ in the kitchen.
A. starts C. had started
B. has started D. would start
59. _______ the people at the bus stop knew when the next bus would arrive..
A. None of B. No C. Some of D. Lots of
60. The lecturer spoke quickly, but many students _______ understand what he wants say.
A. is able to B. could C. are able to D. can
63. Tsedale is good _________ Mathematics. However, her sister is interested in Anthropology.
A. on B. at C. by D. about
64. You mustn‟t eat a lot just before you go swimming. If you do, you _______ feel ill.
A. must B. might C. will D. ought to
65. We have had two Psychology lecturers. One of them was too _______ talented.
A. many B. much C. plenty of D. little
66. Seifu’s brother, who works in St. Yared Music School, works as a finance officer. This
sentence may have a nearest meaning with:
A. Seifu has only one son
B. Seifu has two or more sons
C. All of the two Seifu‟s brothers work as a finance officer.
D. Only the one son of him works like a finance officer.
67. ______ was the road that they were almost late for the school.
A. As crowded C. Too crowded
B. Very crowded D. So crowded
68. Many Ethiopians live and die just there. They _______ set foot out of their local community.
A. sometimes B. ever C. never D. always
70. Each of us ______ hold up those affected by drought. It is not humanistic to leave them to
migrate.
A. can B. will C. may D. must
80. Leta: price rises is still on the go up in this country. Don‟t you think so?
Mululgeta: ______________________________________________
A. I am afraid, it is not. C. How about demand-supply balance?
B. What did you buy these days? D. Is that still a double digit?
81. Gashaw: Would you join us for dinner? We are eating out.
Belachew: _______________________________________________
A. Restaurants are burgeoning.
B. Why do you want that? I have eating.
C. We went to the Sheraton hotel yesterday.
D. Of course, very gladly.
84. Tewabech: We are going to Gondar for touring next Monday. Isn‟t that stunning?
Senait: ________________________________________________________
A. Glowing! You may also consider seeing Lalibela.
B. Why do people pay out money going around?
C. How you are planning to come back?
D. I might take a few days to get there.
85. Ligabaw: ________________________________________________
Hawa: As a matter of fact, it is expensive, too.
A. Did you buy a shoe?
B. Clothes this year are fashionable. Is that?
C. You have a new shoe on! But may it be skinny?
D. Look at this! Only 820 birr. Have you buying?
86. Sofia: Here becomes your boyfriend.
Kemila: _________________________________
A. What does your boyfriend do for living?
B. Do you love your boyfriend?
C. Kind of, I believe.
D. Where is your boyfriend?
DIRECTIONS: Questions 101-120 are related different types of writing. Read each of them
very carefully and choose the best answer from the four alternative answers A-D, given. Then,
blacken the letter of your choice on the separate answer sheet provided.
104. „We would love to come.‟ This extract is likely taken from:
A. accept invitation C. report news
B. invites D. ask further information
106. Which of the following sentences is most likely taken from an argumentative piece of
writing?
A. Smoking must be prohibited at all places.
B. Deforestation is the clearing of forests and the cutting down of large trees..
C. He was born in 1988 and wrote Tikur Dem.
D. The classrooms are too hot and too dark.
107. “Love is a very powerful force; it conquers barriers of color, race, religion, and culture. It
thrives on mutual nurturing of each other,” it is very likely that the writing is:
A. argumentative B. narrative C. descriptive D. expository
108. „This piece of writing deals with deforestation in Ethiopia, the researcher‟s comment, the
general institute environment and the root causes for the deterioration of the quality of
education.‟ This piece of writing is likely taken from the ___________ of a writing text.
A. main body C. supportive details
B. introduction D. conclusion
109. “Frankly speaking, unless we use Facebook for positive issues, we will have
dramatic crisis.” Of the following alternatives which one is the best summary of the
short argument above?
A. If we speak frankly, we use Facebook for positive issues not to have economic crisis.
B. We are frankly using Facebook positively, and there is an economic crisis.
C. Facebook that is better for economic development.
D. Dramatic economic crisis is resulted from what we have used Facebook positively.
111. “As we have discussed above, work experience is most advantageous, but you have to strike
a balance between school and the job.” This line the most likely taken from a
____________ piece of writing.
A. narrative C. exposition
B. descriptive D. argumentative
112. „At least half of Ethiopian Preparatory School Students surveyed reporting Computer
literacy that involved in using their daily life is not successful. They haven‟t used the any
computer to gain firsthand information; unbelievably they have bothered on using hard
materials for getting hot information.‟ This could be a typical example of a research report
based on a research topic entitled:
A. Ethiopian Preparatory Students‟ Computer Literacy.
B. Ethiopian Preparatory School Students‟ Computer Literacy in their daily life..
C. Ethiopian Preparatory School Students‟ Computer use.
D. Ethiopian Preparatory School Students‟ Computer literacy and hard materials.
113. Which one of the following is a line most likely taken from a narrative piece of writing?
A. Quite a lot of them died smothered in the multitude.
B. The cause of the disorder remains vagueness.
C. I don‟t know how many shops were burnt down that day.
D. When the clock struck eight, people started yelling and shouting.
114. “Not write your name!” This is most likely written for:
A. an interview C. a meeting
B. a questionnaire D. the magazines
116. “I hope you are all well.” This is most likely taken from ____________________.
A. the beginning of a formal letter C. the ending of a formal letter
B. the beginning of a friendly letter D. the ending of a friendly letter
117. “I regret to inform you that we are unable to offer you a post at this time.” This is mostly
taken from a letter of_____________
A. rejection B. complaint C. enquiry D. apology
118. „The sun came up in the morning. He got up and had breakfast. After breakfast, he took a
shower and let the dog out, he realized I was running late, so he quickly packed his pack
and ran to the bus top. Thankfully, the bus was late and he made it ----------------------„ This
text is most likely taken from a piece of writing:
A. descriptive C. narrative
B. argumentative D. exposition
119. “If I could be any animal in the world I would be a Flamingo. Just like me, they are bright
and they stand out in the town. Unusual like I am Flamingos live by the water and I love
the water. Also, family is very important to a Flamingo as it is to me. To sum up would
love to be a Flamingo.” The main idea of this text might be:
A. Family is very important to a flamingo as it is to me.
B. they are bright and they stand out in the town.
C. If I could be any animal in the world, I would be a Flamingo.
D. I am Flamingos live by the water and I love the water.
THE END!!!