MKT2802 Logic Circuits

Dr. Kadir ERKAN

Mechatronics Engineering Department

Spring : 2021

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Teaching Assistants : Berke Oğulcan Parlak
Classroom : A-503
Office : E2-Blok No:24
E-mail : kerkandersler1@gmail.com
Web : www.yildiz.edu.tr~kerkan
Office Hours : Monday  17:00~18:00
Tuesday  12:00~13:00

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 Objectives of the course

To teach students

the basics of digital electronic devices and known

logic circuit topologies
fundamentals of boolean logics
how to employ boolean logic to resolve digital
electronic problems
analyzing methods of complex digital systems and
logic circuits
design techniques of digital systems to accomplish
the specified tasks

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 Tentative Course Plan
Week Topics
Course description, motivation of the course number systems, base
1
conversions, representation of signed and signed numbers
2 Digital codes, Boolean algebra and logic devices (gates)
3 Boolean functions and simplification and optimization techniques
4 Fundamental combinational circuits and their analysis methods
5 Arithmetic operations and implementations by digital devices
6 Mux Demux circuits, coders and decoders
7 Multifunctional circuits and applications
8 Flip – Flops and registers
9 Mid 1 Exam
10 Sequential circuits and their analysis methods
11 Asynchronous Sequential Circuits
12 Synchronous Sequential Circuits
13 Special purpose counters and their applications
14 Shift registers and practical application samples
15 Final Exam
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 Recommended Resources

»Digital Electronics 1: Combinational Logic Circuits», Tertulien Ndjountche, ISTE Ltd

and John Wiley
»Digital Electronics 2: Sequential and Arithmetic Logic Circuits», Tertulien
Ndjountche, ISTE Ltd and John Wiley
«Digital Design», Morris Mano, 2006, Prentice Hall
«Sayısal Tasarım», Morris Mano, 2010, Literatür Yayıncılık
«Digital Circuit Analysis and Design with Simulink Modelling and Introduction to
CPLDs and FPGAs», Steven T. Carris , 2007, Orchard Publication
«Digital Fundamentals» Thomas L. Floyd, 2006, Pearson Prentice Hall
«Temel ve İleri Düzey Dijital Elektronik», Hüseyin Demirel, 2012, Birsen Yayınevi
 «Mantık devreleri: Sayısal Elektronik»; Hüseyin Ekiz, 2005, Değişim Yayıncılık

«TTL CMOS Databook»

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 Recommended Resources

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 Computer Packages

 Proteus (ISIS)
 Orcad Schematic (Pspice) Cadence
 MultiSim
 Tina
 Matlab/Simulink
 Some other packages
 ModelSim (CPLD, FPGA based system design)

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 Grading Policy
Activity Number Percentage(%)
Attendance 75% Officialy Compulsory
Assignemnt 4 4 x5= 20
Term Project
Mid Term Exams 1 40
Final 1 40
Mid Term Activities Contribution 60
Final Exam Contribution 40
TOTAL 100

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Fundamental Concepts
Electronic circuits can be classified into to groups according to processed signals
Analog Electronic Circuits
Digital Electronic Circuits

Analog System

Digital System

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Analog – Discrete – Digital Signals

Analog signal

Discrete Signal

Digital signal

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 Advantages of digital systems
more reliable because of using finite set of values
employed mathematical methods quite easy to understand
testing and diagnosis much simpler
flexible to use and readily programmable
storing digital information is easier
smaller realization technologies are possible and well developed and outlined…

There are really very few drawbacks when using digital techniques. The two
biggest problems are:
The real world is analog and digitizing always introduces some error.
Processing digitized signals takes time.

To take advantage of digital techniques when dealing with analog inputs and
outputs, four steps must be followed:
1. Convert the physical variable to an electrical signal (analog).
2. Convert the electrical (analog) signal into digital form.
3. Process (operate on) the digital information.
4. Convert the digital outputs back to real-world analog form.

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 Advantages of digital systems

To take advantage of digital techniques when dealing with analog inputs and
outputs, four steps must be followed:
1. Convert the physical variable to an electrical signal (analog).
2. Convert the electrical (analog) signal into digital form.
3. Process (operate on) the digital information.
4. Convert the digital outputs back to real-world analog form.

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Digital Logic Concept

Two valued logic is used to formalize digital

systems. That is originated from
Aristotle’s Logic.

White
NO GRAY
Black

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Decimal Number System
r =10 is the base (radix). The base number can not be represented by 2’s power
 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9 numerals are used to define a decimal number…

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Binary Number System
r =2 is the base number. Base number can be represented by 2’s power
0,1 numerals are used…
 Each one of 0 and 1 is called as BIT.
 For a binary number the most right bit is named LSB (Least Significant Bit)
 Meanwhile the most left bit is called by MSB (Most Significant Bit)

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How is an analog signal represented in a digital system?

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Octal Number System
r =8 is the base value. The base can be represented by 2’s power.
0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7 numerals are used…
 The most right digit  LSD (Least Significant Digit)
 The most left digit  MSD (Most Significant Digit)

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Hexadecimal Number System
r =16 is the base value. The base can be represented by 2’s power
0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,A,B,C,D,E,F symbols are used.
 The most right digit  LSD (Least Significant Digit)
 The most left digit  MSD (Most Significant Digit)

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Decimal-Binary Conversion
The flowchart for repeated-division
(succesive-division) method of decimal-
to-binary
conversion of integers is given below.
The same process can be used to
convert a decimal integer to any other
number system.

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Decimal-Binary Conversion
(125)10=(?)2
Example:
(13)10=(?)2

Bakkal bölmesi… 
successive division methods!!!
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Decimal- Binary Conversion

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Decimal-Octal Conversion

(250)10=(?)8 (777)10=(?)8

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Octal - Decimal Conversion
Example: convert (632)8 = (?)10

(?)10

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Decimal-Hexadecimal Conversion
EXAMPLE: Determine the radix 16 representation for the decimal numbers 291 and
1000.

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Hexadecimal - Decimal Conversion
EXAMPLE: convert (F4C)16 to decimal

(3916)10

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Different Base – Decimal Conversion

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Different Base - Decimal Conversion

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Generalization : Different Base Conversion

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Binary Octal Conversion

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Binary Octal Conversion
EXAMPLE: Determine the radix 8 representation for the decimal numbers 85 and
129.

Radix 8 representations are obtained by replacing each group of three bits by the
equivalent octal number. We can therefore write:

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Binary Octal Conversion

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Binary Hexadecimal Conversion

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Binary Hexadecimal Conversion
EXAMPLE: Convert the decimal numbers 31 and 2, 988 into hexadecimal.

To obtain the equivalent hexadecimal from the binary representation, each group
of four bits is replaced by the corresponding hexadecimal digit. We therefore have:

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Representations Binary Numbers in Registers
Unsigned Number

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Representations Binary Numbers in Registers
Signed Number

İşaret Biti = Sign Bit

• =0  pozitive number
• =1  negative number

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Representations Binary Numbers in Registers

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