QUINTIN E. FRONDA JR.

MA-EDM II

1. In the article, there are sociological factors that affects the quality of education such as
the socio-economic factors, socio-cultural factors, beliefs and practices, environmental
circumstances.

Family or parental income, schooling costs, and parents' loss of employment are all
socioeconomic factors involved. Parental money, like other parental assets like schooling
and child-care duty, is linked to better mental learning in children, and it helps to
compensate for the seeming problem of having siblings of similar ages (Stafford, 1987).
Although we have free access to education, family poverty is still a factor that influences
their academics since most poor students place a higher priority on assisting their parents
in generating money to support their daily needs than on their education.

Another factor is the role of social influences wherein the beliefs and practices were
seated in determining student academic engagement and retention. When it comes to
socio-cultural factors, less emphasis is placed on them. The role of family and
community in children's learning is highlighted as the main determinant. The children's
home and community processing under certain socio-cultural assumptions shapes their
school engagement and retention patterns. Social capital refers to the presence or absence
of supportive social contacts and networks inside and beyond the family that are
necessary for striving for and achieving success (Coleman, 1988). In addition, most
students are immersed in leisure activities such as online games and television shows,
which divert their attention away from their studies. They devote more time to it than to
their studies.

2. Since gadgets are now essential in learning because of distance education brought by the
pandemic, I would suggest to use the gamification in the learning processes of the
students. This gamification refers to making learning more game-like or, in other words,
promoting education more like a game. Games allow students to study in a fun way while
also keeping the learning fire burning. The games should be developed with the following
guiding concepts in mind to keep the children focused:
 Clearly define the rules and expectations.
 Make a grading scale to keep track of your progress.
 Maintain a healthy balance of enjoyment and serious study.

We all know that the educational system is wonderful, as evidenced by the fact that it is
used in other nations but not in ours. This is due to the current influencing practices of
Filipinos, who believe that current learners' education is solely the duty of instructors.
There is a mistaken mindset in this generation's current society, which is that the parents
 are the ones who manage and apply regulations in their homes. Their children are being
watched by the government.

In this regard, I would propose the enactment of new legislation requiring parents to be
involved in their children's education so that they are ultimately accountable for their
children's education. With this, the Filipinos' current mindset will be changed, and the
burdens will no longer be put on the country's education system.

3. Education 4.0 will be the following part of the curriculum since primary school has been
taught its concepts to provide students with not only knowledge and information, but also
to enable pupils to digest information, develop creative thinking, and gain problem-
solving abilities.

In 21st-century learning, students' learning environments shift from a teacher-centered to

a learner-centered approach. It emphasizes the use of technology for information retrieval
and serves as a springboard for inquiry-based learning.

In this, I suggest the use of physical and cyber systems, the work of intends to investigate
the influence of experience with an understanding of concepts connected to light and
color via real and virtual objects. Protocols for assessing student learning. The findings
demonstrated that using well-defined questions and processes was successful. A blend of
tangible and virtual items allowed for a more sophisticated comprehension. The usage of
things by undergraduate students is compared to their own.