Create a graphic timeline on the topics discussed.

Listing important details: dates, persons, places, and

their contributions

1. John Ray is credited with being the first to provide a widely recognized definition of the term species.
His definition made it apparent that any seed from the same plant, regardless of its characteristics,
belonged to the same species.

2. (1707
- 1778).
Carolus Linnaeus
Swedish botanist, Carolus Linnaeus (1707-1778), develops the modern hierarchical classification
system.

He believed that humans and the great apes were so closely related that they should be placed
in the same genus.

3. Georges Buffon
Georges Buffon (1707-1788), a French scientist, imagines an universe that is continually
evolving and where species evolve through time (but rejects the idea that this change could
lead to new species).

4. Erasmus Darwin
Grand
-Erasmus Darwin (1731-1802) proposes that all warm-blooded animals arose and differentiated
from a single form, and anticipates the idea of natural selection.

-Charles Darwin’s grandfather

-He was also a poet, and his book "The Loves of the Plants"

5. Georges Cuvier
- Georges Cuvier draws attention to the fact that the geological record is not a continuous one.
He demonstrates the fact of extinction with studies of fossil mammals, and believes the
extinctions to have occurred in a series of giant floods.
6. Jean-Baptiste Lamarck
- While primitive forms of life were spontaneously formed, according to Jean-Baptiste
Lamarck, they were forced up a ladder of complexity over time. Organs and qualities that are
used or not used produce modifications that can be passed down to the following generation.

• -Etienne Geoffroy Saint-Hillaire (1772 - 1844) elaborated on Lamarck's views.

7. James Hutton (1726 - 1797) made a significant contribution to the understanding

of the geological processes that shaped the Earth.

- Chemist and also had interest in geology

- principle of uniformitarianism.

8. Charles Lyell
-Charles Lyell defines the Tertiary period's fundamental chronology and its link to rock layers.
He popularizes the uniformitarianism philosophy, which states that the Earth's characteristics
may be better described as the long-term outcome of short-term geological events.

9. Charles Darwin
- Charles Robert Darwin

-Darwin took Lyell's "Principles of Geology" for reading matter on the voyage. What he read,
and later confirmed at first hand in South America, led him to accept the uniformitarian
approach to Earth's history.

10. Alfred Russel Wallace

-Alfred Russel Wallace (1823-1913) independently conceives the theory of evolution by natural
selection and co-publishes with Darwin on the subject.

11. The theory of evolution by natural selection

• Natural selection occurs as a result of interaction between the

environment and genetic variability in the population.