Bioenergetics 2/5

Photosynthesis
-takes place in chloroplast
-chlorophyll to absorb light as energy
-endothermic
carbon dioxide+water----->glucose+oxygen
light

6CO2+H20->6C6H12O6+6O2

Rate of photosynthesis
Limiting factors
-light intensity (night)
-temperature (winter)
-concentration of CO2(if temp and light is optimum)

-amount of chlorophyll(disease or lack of nutrients)

Light
-light level increase, rate increase
-up to a certain point, won't make difference after that
-other limiting
-use light meter in lab

CO2 concentration
-increase CO2 increase rate
-only up to a certain point

Temp
-affects enzymes
-too low-limiting factor
-too hot-enzymes damaged
-45 C is too hot

Practical
Light on rate of photosynthesis
-canadian pondweed
-oxygen produce=rate of photosynthesis
1. white place place at a specific distance
2.photosynthesis for a while, oxygen collect in capillary
tube
3.use syringe and ruler to measure length of a bubble-
volume
4.repeat twice then repeat at diffferent distance
Improvement
-test tube of pondweed in water bath to control temp
-add measured amount of sodium hydrogencarbonate

-distance increase light intensity decrease in proportion

to the square of the distance

light intensity=1/distance square

Ideal conditions for photosynthesis

-grow in greenhouse
-traps sun heat-temp x limiting
-too hot-shades and ventilisation
-too cold-heater
-use artifical light in night
-increase level of CO2 by using paraffin heater
-greenhouse-free from pests and disease

Respiriation
-exothermic
-transferring energy from glucose, which goes in every cell
-the energy is used for
1. build large molecules from small(proteins from amino)
2.animals-muscle contract
3.keep body temp constant

Metabolism
-sum of all the chemical reactions in an organism
-control by enzymes
-small molecules made large molecules
-large molecules broken down to small