4/23/22, 3:11 PM Patterns

Patterns and Sequences

1.1  Patterns

 
  Definition  
     
  Patterns are list of numbers or objects arranged based on a rule or design.  
 
Patterns of various set of numbers
 
(i)   Even numbers and odd numbers
     
    Even numbers are referring to the numbers that are divisible by 2
    Example: 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, ....
     
    Odd numbers are referring to the numbers that are not divisible by 2.
    Example: 1, 3, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, ...
     
(ii)   Pascal's Triangle
    
To build Pascal's Triangle, always start with 1 at the top.
    All rows will start and end with 1.
The number on the next row is determined by adding the numbers on the previous row.

Example:

   

    
(iii)   Fibonacci Numbers
    
It is a pattern of numbers in a sequence.

    The sequence starts with 0, 1, 1.

The next term is obtained by adding the two previous terms.

    
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Example:

   

1.2  Sequences

 
  Definition  
     
  Sequence is a set of numbers or objects which follows a certain patterns.  
     

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  Example  
     

   

     
Pattern: Add 4.
   
Therefore, the set of numbers is a sequence.

1.3  Patterns and Sequences

 
  Definition  
     
  The pattern of a sequence is the rule or design of the sequence.  
 

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4/23/22, 3:11 PM Patterns

Patterns of a sequences
 
(i)   Numbers
 
  Example  
     
  3, 6, 9, 12, 15, ...  
     

   Pattern: Addition of 3  

 
(ii)   Words 
 
  Example  
     
  1, 9, 17, 25, 33, ...  
     
The sequence begins with the number 1 and the pattern is add 8 to the number before it.
   

     
(iii)   Algebraic expressions
 
  Definition  
     
  It is an expression which has a combination of basic mathematical operations on numbers, variables or other mathematical entities.  
    
  Example  
     
  3, 6, 9, 12, 15, ...  
     

  It is written as 3x where x = 1, 2, 3, ...  

 
Terms of a sequence
 
  Definition  
    
th
  The n  term is a number sequence and is written as Tn  whereby T  is the term and n is the position of the term.
​

 
  Example  
     
 65, 60, 55, 50, 45, 40, 35, 30, ...
   
T1 , T2 , T3 , T4 , T5 , T6 , T7 , T8 , ...
​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​

     
First term, T1 ​ = 65

Second term, T2 ​
= −60

Third term, T3 ​ = 55 

Fourth term, T4 ​ = 50
   
Fifth term, T5 ​ = 45

Sixth term, T6 ​ = 40

Seventh term, T7 ​ = 35

Eighth term, T8 ​ = 30

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