Mental Frames

For Kant, what is the role of reason in living morally?

For Kant, the role of reason in living morally is what determines whether to act or not to act.
According to Kant, whenever we want to know the state of an action, we seek reason, and
that reason might be connected to the act or not.
Kant believes that, if the reason aligns with the act, then we must make a move, and if it
does not aligns, we must not.
If our purpose is guided by a principle recognized by reason rather than the need for just any
predicted outcome or subjective reaction that may compel us to behave in a certain way, we
are fulfilling our moral obligations.

Explain: “What is legal is not always moral.”

What is legal is not always moral states that, the fundamental distinction between both legal
and moral is straightforward. Most people seem to agree that what is legal is not always
moral and that what is illegal is not always immoral. For example, Martial Law was legal
because it was recognized by the state during the Marcos era, but it is considered immoral
due to human rights abuses as a consequence of the law. Our laws and legal codes ignore
the fact that morality is a contextual and cultural construct. What is moral, correct, right,
and true isn't always legal. And what is legal is not usually what is moral.

Differentiate rights from virtue theories.

Virtue theory is concerned with a person's morality and truthfulness; it demonstrates how a person
behaves morally and what kind of character he or she possesses, such as selflessness. It is the quest
to understand and live a life of the moral character. While rights is a broad term that encompasses
legal, moral, and ethical issues, it is more about factors that demonstrate ethically appropriate
behaviors.