Career Counselling

What is Career
Counselling ?
• Career counselling/ career
guidance is a process to help
individuals find a suitable career
according to their interests, skills,
strengths and personality.
• Career counseling should also
help clients achieve
independence rather than
dependence.

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Who Needs Career
Counselling?

• Students aiming for higher

studies
• Unemployed looking for jobs
• Individuals changing jobs /
lacking job satisfaction

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Difference between Career Guidance vs
Career Counselling
Career Guidance
Career guidance is provided by an expert to help a person(students) to
choose careers, jobs, education, etc. Career guidance aims to help the
individual find and identify work that is in line with their skills, abilities,
achievements, likes, and dislikes to improve their performance potential
and chances of success.
Career guidance is more concerned with helping people to choose which
careers to pursue.
Career Guidance is aim-oriented
In career guidance decisions are taken by the superiors or guide.
If you're guided by an experienced person or superior in your career, that
person can provide guidance and help you to learn.
In career guidance, there is no need for any psychometric tests and
aptitude tests.
In career guidance, only the related subject expert is required.
Career Counselling
Career Counsellors define career counseling as: "A process where a
student shares concerns, information, questions, hopes, or dreams, and
the counselor provides relevant information to help the client make
informed decisions".
Career counselling is the process of helping people make decisions about
their careers.
Career Counselling is process-oriented.
In career counselling, a decision is taken by the student itself with the
help of the counselor.
In career counselling, you get trained professional counselor advice for
choosing the best career for you.
Students need to take tests to assess their skills and interests.
In career counselling, career-certified counselors are required.
Why is it prevalent in the current times?

• High Competition in Market Place

• Rapid lifestyle Changes with changing times
• Shift from Traditional professions to more unique Professions
 Why is it prevalent in the
current times?
• Many professionals are unhappy with their careers and
looking for a career switch. Many working professionals
face stress at jobs and the stress of managing home and
career, affecting their overall state of being. (Cheggindia)
• Occupations are changing rapidly, society is becoming
increasingly complex and multicultural, and individuals
need to plan for diverging rather than converging career
paths. In times of social change and economic
uncertainty, clients often feel discouraged, despondent,
and hopeless about their futures(Five Processes of
Career Planning, Kris Magnusson, 1995)
Challenges of Choosing a Career
• Parental Pressure
• Lack of awareness of opportunities
• Lack of resources
• Health limitations
• Financial limitations
• Occupationism : Identity frames and defines as “mental structures of attributes having default
values” (Guichard, 2009, 252). Cognitive identity frames are impregnated in the social contexts in
which young people develop through societal demands (e.g. values or norms). The default values
of the identity frames’ attributes are primarily social stereotypes. For example thinking about a
worker, the identity frame would be worker in the building industry because it is the prototypical
picture associated with this occupation. To implement these operations of deconstruction-
reconstruction of the meaning of experien - ces, reflexivity is essential.

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What are the areas that needs to be addressed to
help the client choose the right career ?
• Interests (Holland's RIASEC Model)
• Personality
• Ability (Gardener's Multiple Intelligence,
• Physical and mental fitness
• Job Satisfaction : In a recent survey made in France
(Krauze, Méda, Legeron, Schwartz, 2012), young people
under 30 years appeared more likely to report that
work helps them to achieve fulfilment
• Family interference
Hollands RAISEC Model
Realistic

Artistic

Investigative

Social

Enterprising

Convetional

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Howard Gardener's
Multiple Intelligence
• Visual – Spatial
• Linguistic – Verbal
• Interpersonal
• Intrapersonal
• Logical Mathematical
• Musical
• Bodily kinesthetic
• Naturalistic

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What are the areas that needs
to be addressed to help the
client choose the right career ?
• Although traditional approaches still may play a
role in career planning, additional emphasis must
be placed on other issues: how self-concept is
implemented (Super, 1990), personal
adaptability (Super, 1985), and personal meaning-
making (Miller-Tiedeman & Tiedeman, 1990)
 Characteristics of Efficient Career Counsellor

Knowledgeable on Efficient in providing the Effective Communicator

various career three core conditions
opportunities and courses (Congruent, empathetic and
non judgemental)

Efficient problem solving Knowledgeable of career

counselling practices as well
as ethical issues etc.

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 Process of Career Counselling
• Initiation: Rapport Building, Providing a therapeutic environment.

• Exploration : Using open and closed ended questions to understand the

individual's interest, personality, ability, skill development, qualification, financial
scope, family interference, Helping the client achieve self-awareness.

• Decision-Making : Collecting patterns to narrow down the choices based on the

areas that are explored.
-Acknowledging Client's limitations, difficulties and addressing them if required

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• Preparation,: Providing information for further persuasion like programs to
choose, universities that offer specific study programs, program fee structure,
eligibility tests etc.

• Implementation : Following up with the individual, Involving the

parent/guardians of the individual when required.
 Some Assessements used for
Career Counselling
• David's Battery of differential abilities (DBDA) Assessments
• Comprehensive Interest Schedule -(CIS) Assessments
• Holland's RAISEC Model
• MBTI Career Report

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 References
• Arulmani,G. & Arulmani, S. Career counselling: A handbook. Tata Mcgraw Hill

• Magnusson,K. (1995). Five Processes of Career Planning. ERIC Digest, (EDO-CG-95-

65)

• Schiersmann,C. Ertelt,B.J. Katsarov,J. Mulvey,R. Reid,H. Weber,P. (2012).NICE

Handbook for the Academic Training of Career Guidance and Counselling
Professionals.Heildelberg:Heidelberg University